diff --git a/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_conf.erl b/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_conf.erl
index 8f7105312..57ba87ddf 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_conf.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_conf.erl
@@ -20,27 +20,51 @@
 %% API:
 -export([zone_config/1, db_options/0]).
 
+-export([zone_iteration_options/1]).
+-export([default_iteration_options/0]).
+
 %%================================================================================
 %% API funcions
 %%================================================================================
 
 -define(APP, emqx_replay).
 
--spec zone_config(emqx_types:zone()) ->
-    {module(), term()}.
+-type zone() :: emqx_types:zone().
+-type config() ::
+    {emqx_replay_message_storage, emqx_replay_message_storage:options()}
+    | {module(), _Options}.
+
+-spec zone_config(zone()) -> config().
 zone_config(Zone) ->
-    DefaultConf =
-        #{
-            timestamp_bits => 64,
-            topic_bits_per_level => [8, 8, 8, 32, 16],
-            epoch => 5
-        },
-    DefaultZoneConfig = application:get_env(
-        ?APP, default_zone_config, {emqx_replay_message_storage, DefaultConf}
-    ),
+    DefaultZoneConfig = application:get_env(?APP, default_zone_config, default_zone_config()),
     Zones = application:get_env(?APP, zone_config, #{}),
     maps:get(Zone, Zones, DefaultZoneConfig).
 
+-spec zone_iteration_options(zone()) -> emqx_replay_message_storage:iteration_options().
+zone_iteration_options(Zone) ->
+    case zone_config(Zone) of
+        {emqx_replay_message_storage, Config} ->
+            maps:get(iteration, Config, default_iteration_options());
+        {_Module, _} ->
+            default_iteration_options()
+    end.
+
+-spec default_iteration_options() -> emqx_replay_message_storage:iteration_options().
+default_iteration_options() ->
+    {emqx_replay_message_storage, Config} = default_zone_config(),
+    maps:get(iteration, Config).
+
+-spec default_zone_config() -> config().
+default_zone_config() ->
+    {emqx_replay_message_storage, #{
+        timestamp_bits => 64,
+        topic_bits_per_level => [8, 8, 8, 32, 16],
+        epoch => 5,
+        iteration => #{
+            iterator_refresh => {every, 100}
+        }
+    }}.
+
 -spec db_options() -> emqx_replay_local_store:db_options().
 db_options() ->
     application:get_env(?APP, db_options, []).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_local_store.erl b/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_local_store.erl
index 23cedb04c..15a400a92 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_local_store.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_local_store.erl
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ read_metadata(S) ->
 -spec read_metadata(gen_id(), #s{}) -> ok.
 read_metadata(GenId, S = #s{zone = Zone, db = DBHandle, column_families = CFs}) ->
     Gen = #generation{module = Mod, data = Data} = schema_get_gen(DBHandle, GenId),
-    DB = Mod:open(DBHandle, GenId, CFs, Data),
+    DB = Mod:open(Zone, DBHandle, GenId, CFs, Data),
     meta_put(Zone, GenId, Gen#generation{data = DB}).
 
 -spec ensure_current_generation(#s{}) -> #s{}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_message_storage.erl b/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_message_storage.erl
index b1c5f1806..dd6c41598 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_message_storage.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_replay/src/emqx_replay_message_storage.erl
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 %%================================================================================
 
 %% API:
--export([create_new/3, open/4]).
+-export([create_new/3, open/5]).
 -export([make_keymapper/1]).
 
 -export([store/5]).
@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@
 
 -export_type([db/0, iterator/0, schema/0]).
 
+-export_type([options/0]).
+-export_type([iteration_options/0]).
+
 -compile(
     {inline, [
         bitwise_concat/3,
@@ -162,6 +165,8 @@
     %% Maximum granularity of iteration over time.
     epoch := time(),
 
+    iteration => iteration_options(),
+
     cf_options => emqx_replay_local_store:db_cf_options()
 }.
 
@@ -180,12 +185,12 @@
 -opaque schema() :: #schema{}.
 
 -record(db, {
+    zone :: emqx_types:zone(),
     handle :: rocksdb:db_handle(),
     cf :: rocksdb:cf_handle(),
     keymapper :: keymapper(),
     write_options = [{sync, true}] :: emqx_replay_local_store:db_write_options(),
-    read_options = [] :: emqx_replay_local_store:db_write_options(),
-    iteration_options = #{} :: iteration_options()
+    read_options = [] :: emqx_replay_local_store:db_write_options()
 }).
 
 -record(it, {
@@ -233,7 +238,6 @@
 %% Create a new column family for the generation and a serializable representation of the schema
 -spec create_new(rocksdb:db_handle(), emqx_replay_local_store:gen_id(), options()) ->
     {schema(), emqx_replay_local_store:cf_refs()}.
-%{schema(), emqx_replay_local_store:cf_refs()}.
 create_new(DBHandle, GenId, Options) ->
     CFName = data_cf(GenId),
     CFOptions = maps:get(cf_options, Options, []),
@@ -243,15 +247,17 @@ create_new(DBHandle, GenId, Options) ->
 
 %% Reopen the database
 -spec open(
+    emqx_types:zone(),
     rocksdb:db_handle(),
     emqx_replay_local_store:gen_id(),
     emqx_replay_local_store:cf_refs(),
     schema()
 ) ->
     db().
-open(DBHandle, GenId, CFs, #schema{keymapper = Keymapper}) ->
+open(Zone, DBHandle, GenId, CFs, #schema{keymapper = Keymapper}) ->
     {value, {_, CFHandle}} = lists:keysearch(data_cf(GenId), 1, CFs),
     #db{
+        zone = Zone,
         handle = DBHandle,
         cf = CFHandle,
         keymapper = Keymapper
@@ -289,8 +295,8 @@ store(DB = #db{handle = DBHandle, cf = CFHandle}, MessageID, PublishedAt, Topic,
 -spec make_iterator(db(), emqx_topic:words(), time() | earliest) ->
     {ok, iterator()} | {error, _TODO}.
 make_iterator(DB, TopicFilter, StartTime) ->
-    % TODO wire it up somehow to the upper level
-    make_iterator(DB, TopicFilter, StartTime, DB#db.iteration_options).
+    Options = emqx_replay_conf:zone_iteration_options(DB#db.zone),
+    make_iterator(DB, TopicFilter, StartTime, Options).
 
 -spec make_iterator(db(), emqx_topic:words(), time() | earliest, iteration_options()) ->
     % {error, invalid_start_time}? might just start from the beginning of time
diff --git a/apps/emqx_replay/test/emqx_replay_local_store_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_replay/test/emqx_replay_local_store_SUITE.erl
index 5a1bb59f4..eee802e69 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_replay/test/emqx_replay_local_store_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_replay/test/emqx_replay_local_store_SUITE.erl
@@ -164,7 +164,10 @@ init_per_testcase(TC, Config) ->
     ok = set_zone_config(zone(TC), #{
         timestamp_bits => 64,
         topic_bits_per_level => [8, 8, 32, 16],
-        epoch => 5
+        epoch => 5,
+        iteration => #{
+            iterator_refresh => {every, 5}
+        }
     }),
     {ok, _} = emqx_replay_local_store_sup:start_zone(zone(TC)),
     Config.