diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.erl
index 6eb156232..76bf32c07 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.erl
@@ -330,7 +330,13 @@ lookup(Type, Name, RawConf) ->
 get_metrics(Type, Name) ->
     case emqx_bridge_v2:is_bridge_v2_type(Type) of
         true ->
-            emqx_bridge_v2:get_metrics(Type, Name);
+            case emqx_bridge_v2:is_valid_bridge_v1(Type, Name) of
+                true ->
+                    BridgeV2Type = emqx_bridge_v2:bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type(Type),
+                    emqx_bridge_v2:get_metrics(BridgeV2Type, Name);
+                false ->
+                    {error, not_bridge_v1_compatible}
+            end;
         false ->
             emqx_resource:get_metrics(emqx_bridge_resource:resource_id(Type, Name))
     end.
@@ -347,7 +353,12 @@ disable_enable(Action, BridgeType, BridgeName) when
 ->
     case emqx_bridge_v2:is_bridge_v2_type(BridgeType) of
         true ->
-            emqx_bridge_v2:disable_enable(Action, BridgeType, BridgeName);
+            case emqx_bridge_v2:is_valid_bridge_v1(BridgeType, BridgeName) of
+                true ->
+                    do_disable_enable_bridge_v2_compatible(Action, BridgeType, BridgeName);
+                false ->
+                    {error, not_bridge_v1_compatible}
+            end;
         false ->
             emqx_conf:update(
                 config_key_path() ++ [BridgeType, BridgeName],
@@ -356,6 +367,15 @@ disable_enable(Action, BridgeType, BridgeName) when
             )
     end.
 
+do_disable_enable_bridge_v2_compatible(enable, BridgeType, BridgeName) ->
+    BridgeV2Type = emqx_bridge_v2:bridge_v1_type_to_bridge_v2_type(BridgeType),
+    _ = emqx_connector:disable_enable(enable, BridgeType, BridgeName),
+    emqx_bridge_v2:disable_enable(enable, BridgeV2Type, BridgeName);
+do_disable_enable_bridge_v2_compatible(disable, BridgeType, BridgeName) ->
+    BridgeV2Type = emqx_bridge_v2:bridge_v1_type_to_bridge_v2_type(BridgeType),
+    _ = emqx_bridge_v2:disable_enable(disable, BridgeV2Type, BridgeName),
+    emqx_connector:disable_enable(disable, BridgeType, BridgeName).
+
 create(BridgeType, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
     ?SLOG(debug, #{
         bridge_action => create,
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_api.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_api.erl
index ced78e08d..949082606 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_api.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_api.erl
@@ -460,6 +460,8 @@ schema("/bridges_probe") ->
     case emqx_bridge:lookup(BridgeType, BridgeName) of
         {ok, _} ->
             ?BAD_REQUEST('ALREADY_EXISTS', <<"bridge already exists">>);
+        {error, not_bridge_v1_compatible} ->
+            ?BAD_REQUEST('ALREADY_EXISTS', non_compat_bridge_msg());
         {error, not_found} ->
             Conf = filter_out_request_body(Conf0),
             create_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf)
@@ -487,11 +489,12 @@ schema("/bridges_probe") ->
         case emqx_bridge:lookup(BridgeType, BridgeName) of
             {ok, #{raw_config := RawConf}} ->
                 %% TODO will the maybe_upgrade step done by emqx_bridge:lookup cause any problems
-                %%RawConf = emqx:get_raw_config([bridges, BridgeType, BridgeName], #{}),
                 Conf = deobfuscate(Conf1, RawConf),
                 update_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf);
             {error, not_found} ->
-                ?BRIDGE_NOT_FOUND(BridgeType, BridgeName)
+                ?BRIDGE_NOT_FOUND(BridgeType, BridgeName);
+            {error, not_bridge_v1_compatible} ->
+                ?BAD_REQUEST('ALREADY_EXISTS', non_compat_bridge_msg())
         end
     );
 '/bridges/:id'(delete, #{bindings := #{id := Id}, query_string := Qs}) ->
@@ -519,7 +522,9 @@ schema("/bridges_probe") ->
                         ?INTERNAL_ERROR(Reason)
                 end;
             {error, not_found} ->
-                ?BRIDGE_NOT_FOUND(BridgeType, BridgeName)
+                ?BRIDGE_NOT_FOUND(BridgeType, BridgeName);
+            {error, not_bridge_v1_compatible} ->
+                ?BAD_REQUEST('ALREADY_EXISTS', non_compat_bridge_msg())
         end
     ).
 
@@ -529,11 +534,16 @@ schema("/bridges_probe") ->
 '/bridges/:id/metrics/reset'(put, #{bindings := #{id := Id}}) ->
     ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
         Id,
-        begin
-            ok = emqx_bridge_resource:reset_metrics(
-                emqx_bridge_resource:resource_id(BridgeType, BridgeName)
-            ),
-            ?NO_CONTENT
+        case emqx_bridge_v2:is_bridge_v2_type(BridgeType) of
+            true ->
+                BridgeV2Type = emqx_bridge_v2:bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type(BridgeType),
+                ok = emqx_bridge_v2:reset_metrics(BridgeV2Type, BridgeName),
+                ?NO_CONTENT;
+            false ->
+                ok = emqx_bridge_resource:reset_metrics(
+                    emqx_bridge_resource:resource_id(BridgeType, BridgeName)
+                ),
+                ?NO_CONTENT
         end
     ).
 
@@ -592,6 +602,8 @@ lookup_from_all_nodes(BridgeType, BridgeName, SuccCode) ->
             {SuccCode, format_bridge_info([R || {ok, R} <- Results])};
         {ok, [{error, not_found} | _]} ->
             ?BRIDGE_NOT_FOUND(BridgeType, BridgeName);
+        {ok, [{error, not_bridge_v1_compatible} | _]} ->
+            ?NOT_FOUND(non_compat_bridge_msg());
         {error, Reason} ->
             ?INTERNAL_ERROR(Reason)
     end.
@@ -606,7 +618,17 @@ create_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf) ->
     create_or_update_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf, 201).
 
 update_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf) ->
-    create_or_update_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf, 200).
+    case emqx_bridge_v2:is_bridge_v2_type(BridgeType) of
+        true ->
+            case emqx_bridge_v2:is_valid_bridge_v1(BridgeType, BridgeName) of
+                true ->
+                    create_or_update_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf, 200);
+                false ->
+                    ?NOT_FOUND(non_compat_bridge_msg())
+            end;
+        false ->
+            create_or_update_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf, 200)
+    end.
 
 create_or_update_bridge(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf, HttpStatusCode) ->
     case emqx_bridge:create(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf) of
@@ -1119,3 +1141,6 @@ map_to_json(M0) ->
             M2 = maps:without([value, <<"value">>], M1),
             emqx_utils_json:encode(M2)
     end.
+
+non_compat_bridge_msg() ->
+    <<"bridge already exists as non Bridge V1 compatible Bridge V2 bridge">>.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_resource.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_resource.erl
index 81556f062..8abb1eb2f 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_resource.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_resource.erl
@@ -172,7 +172,13 @@ reset_metrics(ResourceId) ->
         false ->
             emqx_resource:reset_metrics(ResourceId);
         true ->
-            emqx_bridge_v2:reset_metrics(Type, Name)
+            case emqx_bridge_v2:is_valid_bridge_v1(Type, Name) of
+                true ->
+                    BridgeV2Type = emqx_bridge_v2:bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type(Type),
+                    emqx_bridge_v2:reset_metrics(BridgeV2Type, Name);
+                false ->
+                    {error, not_bridge_v1_compatible}
+            end
     end.
 
 restart(Type, Name) ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_v2.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_v2.erl
index c40a5a20e..6c1ad2e55 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_v2.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_v2.erl
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@
 
 %% Exported for tests
 -export([
-    bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type/1,
     id/2,
     id/3,
     is_valid_bridge_v1/2
@@ -84,6 +83,7 @@
 %% Compatibility API
 
 -export([
+    bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type/1,
     is_bridge_v2_type/1,
     lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1/2,
     list_and_transform_to_bridge_v1/0,
@@ -100,17 +100,47 @@
 %%====================================================================
 
 load() ->
+    load_bridges(),
     load_message_publish_hook(),
     ok = emqx_config_handler:add_handler(config_key_path_leaf(), emqx_bridge_v2),
     ok = emqx_config_handler:add_handler(config_key_path(), emqx_bridge_v2),
     ok.
 
+load_bridges() ->
+    Bridges = emqx:get_config([?ROOT_KEY], #{}),
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun({Type, Bridge}) ->
+            lists:foreach(
+                fun({Name, BridgeConf}) ->
+                    install_bridge_v2(Type, Name, BridgeConf)
+                end,
+                maps:to_list(Bridge)
+            )
+        end,
+        maps:to_list(Bridges)
+    ).
+
 unload() ->
+    unload_bridges(),
     unload_message_publish_hook(),
     emqx_conf:remove_handler(config_key_path()),
     emqx_conf:remove_handler(config_key_path_leaf()),
     ok.
 
+unload_bridges() ->
+    Bridges = emqx:get_config([?ROOT_KEY], #{}),
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun({Type, Bridge}) ->
+            lists:foreach(
+                fun({Name, BridgeConf}) ->
+                    uninstall_bridge_v2(Type, Name, BridgeConf)
+                end,
+                maps:to_list(Bridge)
+            )
+        end,
+        maps:to_list(Bridges)
+    ).
+
 %%====================================================================
 %% CRUD API
 %%====================================================================
@@ -131,13 +161,26 @@ lookup(Type, Name) ->
                     {ok, _, Data} ->
                         Data;
                     {error, not_found} ->
-                        undefined
+                        #{}
+                end,
+            %% Find the Bridge V2 status from the InstanceData
+            Channels = maps:get(added_channels, InstanceData, #{}),
+            BridgeV2Id = id(Type, Name, BridgeConnector),
+            ChannelStatus = maps:get(BridgeV2Id, Channels, undefined),
+            DisplayBridgeV2Status =
+                case ChannelStatus of
+                    {error, undefined} -> <<"Unknown reason">>;
+                    {error, Reason} -> emqx_utils:readable_error_msg(Reason);
+                    connected -> <<"connected">>;
+                    connecting -> <<"connecting">>;
+                    Error -> emqx_utils:readable_error_msg(Error)
                 end,
             {ok, #{
                 type => Type,
                 name => Name,
                 raw_config => RawConf,
-                resource_data => InstanceData
+                resource_data => InstanceData,
+                status => DisplayBridgeV2Status
             }}
     end.
 
@@ -178,6 +221,8 @@ check_deps_and_remove(BridgeType, BridgeName, RemoveDeps) ->
     case emqx_rule_engine:get_rule_ids_by_action(BridgeId) of
         [] ->
             remove(BridgeType, BridgeName);
+        _RuleIds when RemoveDeps =:= ignore_deps ->
+            remove(BridgeType, BridgeName);
         RuleIds when RemoveDeps =:= false ->
             {error, {rules_deps_on_this_bridge, RuleIds}};
         RuleIds when RemoveDeps =:= true ->
@@ -599,7 +644,10 @@ get_channels_for_connector(ConnectorId) ->
 get_channels_for_connector(ConnectorName, BridgeV2Type) ->
     BridgeV2s = emqx:get_config([?ROOT_KEY, BridgeV2Type], #{}),
     [
-        {id(BridgeV2Type, Name, ConnectorName), Conf}
+        {id(BridgeV2Type, Name, ConnectorName), Conf#{
+            bridge_name => bin(Name),
+            bridge_type => bin(BridgeV2Type)
+        }}
      || {Name, Conf} <- maps:to_list(BridgeV2s),
         bin(ConnectorName) =:= maps:get(connector, Conf, no_name)
     ].
@@ -824,7 +872,8 @@ is_valid_bridge_v1(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName) ->
     BridgeV2Type = ?MODULE:bridge_v1_type_to_bridge_v2_type(BridgeV1Type),
     case lookup_raw_conf(BridgeV2Type, BridgeName) of
         {error, _} ->
-            false;
+            %% If the bridge v2 does not exist, it is a valid bridge v1
+            true;
         #{connector := ConnectorName} ->
             ConnectorType = ?MODULE:bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type(BridgeV2Type),
             ConnectorResourceId = emqx_connector_resource:resource_id(ConnectorType, ConnectorName),
@@ -854,25 +903,37 @@ is_bridge_v2_type(_) ->
     false.
 
 list_and_transform_to_bridge_v1() ->
-    list_with_lookup_fun(fun lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1/2).
+    Bridges = list_with_lookup_fun(fun lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1/2),
+    [B || B <- Bridges, B =/= not_bridge_v1_compatible_error()].
 
-lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1(Type, Name) ->
-    case lookup(Type, Name) of
-        {ok, #{raw_config := #{<<"connector">> := ConnectorName}} = BridgeV2} ->
-            ConnectorType = ?MODULE:bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type(Type),
-            case emqx_connector:lookup(ConnectorType, ConnectorName) of
-                {ok, Connector} ->
-                    lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1_helper(
-                        Type, BridgeV2, ConnectorType, Connector
-                    );
+lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1(BridgeV1Type, Name) ->
+    case is_valid_bridge_v1(BridgeV1Type, Name) of
+        true ->
+            Type = ?MODULE:bridge_v1_type_to_bridge_v2_type(BridgeV1Type),
+            case lookup(Type, Name) of
+                {ok, #{raw_config := #{<<"connector">> := ConnectorName}} = BridgeV2} ->
+                    ConnectorType = ?MODULE:bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type(Type),
+                    case emqx_connector:lookup(ConnectorType, ConnectorName) of
+                        {ok, Connector} ->
+                            lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1_helper(
+                                BridgeV1Type, Name, Type, BridgeV2, ConnectorType, Connector
+                            );
+                        Error ->
+                            Error
+                    end;
                 Error ->
                     Error
             end;
-        Error ->
-            Error
+        false ->
+            not_bridge_v1_compatible_error()
     end.
 
-lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1_helper(BridgeV2Type, BridgeV2, ConnectorType, Connector) ->
+not_bridge_v1_compatible_error() ->
+    {error, not_bridge_v1_compatible}.
+
+lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1_helper(
+    BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, BridgeV2Type, BridgeV2, ConnectorType, Connector
+) ->
     ConnectorRawConfig1 = maps:get(raw_config, Connector),
     ConnectorRawConfig2 = fill_defaults(
         ConnectorType,
@@ -890,7 +951,29 @@ lookup_and_transform_to_bridge_v1_helper(BridgeV2Type, BridgeV2, ConnectorType,
     BridgeV1Config1 = maps:remove(<<"connector">>, BridgeV2RawConfig2),
     BridgeV1Config2 = maps:merge(BridgeV1Config1, ConnectorRawConfig2),
     BridgeV1 = maps:put(raw_config, BridgeV1Config2, BridgeV2),
-    {ok, BridgeV1}.
+    BridgeV1_1 = maps:remove(status, BridgeV1),
+    BridgeV2Status = maps:get(status, BridgeV2, undefined),
+    ResourceData1 = maps:get(resource_data, BridgeV1_1, #{}),
+    %% Replace id in resouce data
+    BridgeV1Id = <<"bridge:", (bin(BridgeV1Type))/binary, ":", (bin(BridgeName))/binary>>,
+    ResourceData2 = maps:put(id, BridgeV1Id, ResourceData1),
+    ConnectorStatus = maps:get(status, ResourceData2, undefined),
+    case ConnectorStatus of
+        connected ->
+            case BridgeV2Status of
+                <<"connected">> ->
+                    %% No need to modify the status
+                    {ok, BridgeV1_1#{resource_data => ResourceData2}};
+                NotConnected ->
+                    ResourceData3 = maps:put(status, connecting, ResourceData2),
+                    ResourceData4 = maps:put(error, NotConnected, ResourceData3),
+                    BridgeV1_2 = maps:put(resource_data, ResourceData4, BridgeV1_1),
+                    {ok, BridgeV1_2}
+            end;
+        _ ->
+            %% No need to modify the status
+            {ok, BridgeV1_1}
+    end.
 
 lookup_raw_conf(Type, Name) ->
     case emqx:get_config([?ROOT_KEY, Type, Name], not_found) of
@@ -901,6 +984,25 @@ lookup_raw_conf(Type, Name) ->
     end.
 
 split_bridge_v1_config_and_create(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
+    BridgeV2Type = ?MODULE:bridge_v1_type_to_bridge_v2_type(BridgeV1Type),
+    %% Check if the bridge v2 exists
+    case lookup_raw_conf(BridgeV2Type, BridgeName) of
+        {error, _} ->
+            %% If the bridge v2 does not exist, it is a valid bridge v1
+            split_bridge_v1_config_and_create_helper(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, RawConf);
+        _Conf ->
+            case is_valid_bridge_v1(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName) of
+                true ->
+                    %% Remove and create if update operation
+                    bridge_v1_check_deps_and_remove(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, ignore_deps),
+                    split_bridge_v1_config_and_create_helper(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, RawConf);
+                false ->
+                    %% If the bridge v2 exists, it is not a valid bridge v1
+                    {error, non_compatible_bridge_v2_exists}
+            end
+    end.
+
+split_bridge_v1_config_and_create_helper(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
     #{
         connector_type := ConnectorType,
         connector_name := NewConnectorName,
@@ -922,7 +1024,6 @@ split_bridge_v1_config_and_create(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
                         {ok, _} ->
                             Error;
                         Error ->
-                            %% TODO log error
                             ?SLOG(warning, #{
                                 message =>
                                     <<"Failed to remove connector after bridge creation failed">>,
@@ -938,17 +1039,17 @@ split_bridge_v1_config_and_create(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
             Error
     end.
 
-split_and_validate_bridge_v1_config(BridgeType, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
+split_and_validate_bridge_v1_config(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
     %% Create fake global config for the transformation and then call
     %% emqx_connector_schema:transform_bridges_v1_to_connectors_and_bridges_v2/1
-
-    ConnectorType = ?MODULE:bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type(BridgeType),
+    BridgeV2Type = ?MODULE:bridge_v1_type_to_bridge_v2_type(BridgeV1Type),
+    ConnectorType = ?MODULE:bridge_v2_type_to_connector_type(BridgeV2Type),
     %% Needed so name confligts will ba avoided
     CurrentConnectorsConfig = emqx:get_raw_config([connectors], #{}),
     FakeGlobalConfig = #{
         <<"connectors">> => CurrentConnectorsConfig,
         <<"bridges">> => #{
-            bin(BridgeType) => #{
+            bin(BridgeV1Type) => #{
                 bin(BridgeName) => RawConf
             }
         }
@@ -960,7 +1061,7 @@ split_and_validate_bridge_v1_config(BridgeType, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
         emqx_utils_maps:deep_get(
             [
                 bin(?ROOT_KEY),
-                bin(BridgeType),
+                bin(BridgeV2Type),
                 bin(BridgeName)
             ],
             Output
@@ -1004,7 +1105,7 @@ split_and_validate_bridge_v1_config(BridgeType, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
             }
         },
         <<"bridges_v2">> => #{
-            bin(BridgeType) => #{
+            bin(BridgeV2Type) => #{
                 bin(BridgeName) => NewBridgeV2RawConf
             }
         }
@@ -1021,7 +1122,7 @@ split_and_validate_bridge_v1_config(BridgeType, BridgeName, RawConf) ->
                 connector_type => ConnectorType,
                 connector_name => NewConnectorName,
                 connector_conf => NewConnectorRawConf,
-                bridge_v2_type => BridgeType,
+                bridge_v2_type => BridgeV2Type,
                 bridge_v2_name => BridgeName,
                 bridge_v2_conf => NewBridgeV2RawConf
             }
@@ -1038,18 +1139,19 @@ bridge_v1_create_dry_run(BridgeType, RawConfig0) ->
         connector_type := _ConnectorType,
         connector_name := _NewConnectorName,
         connector_conf := ConnectorRawConf,
-        bridge_v2_type := BridgeType,
+        bridge_v2_type := BridgeV2Type,
         bridge_v2_name := _BridgeName,
         bridge_v2_conf := BridgeV2RawConf
     } = split_and_validate_bridge_v1_config(BridgeType, TmpName, RawConf),
-    create_dry_run_helper(BridgeType, ConnectorRawConf, BridgeV2RawConf).
+    create_dry_run_helper(BridgeV2Type, ConnectorRawConf, BridgeV2RawConf).
 
-bridge_v1_check_deps_and_remove(BridgeType, BridgeName, RemoveDeps) ->
+bridge_v1_check_deps_and_remove(BridgeV1Type, BridgeName, RemoveDeps) ->
+    BridgeV2Type = ?MODULE:bridge_v1_type_to_bridge_v2_type(BridgeV1Type),
     bridge_v1_check_deps_and_remove(
-        BridgeType,
+        BridgeV2Type,
         BridgeName,
         RemoveDeps,
-        lookup_raw_conf(BridgeType, BridgeName)
+        lookup_raw_conf(BridgeV2Type, BridgeName)
     ).
 
 bridge_v1_check_deps_and_remove(
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_v2_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_v2_SUITE.erl
index 7d194ef1b..0d6ee86f0 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_v2_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_v2_SUITE.erl
@@ -258,7 +258,8 @@ t_is_valid_bridge_v1(_) ->
     {ok, _} = emqx_bridge_v2:remove(bridge_type(), my_test_bridge),
     true = emqx_bridge_v2:is_valid_bridge_v1(bridge_v1_type, my_test_bridge_2),
     {ok, _} = emqx_bridge_v2:remove(bridge_type(), my_test_bridge_2),
-    false = emqx_bridge_v2:is_valid_bridge_v1(bridge_v1_type, my_test_bridge),
+    %% Non existing bridge is a valid Bridge V1
+    true = emqx_bridge_v2:is_valid_bridge_v1(bridge_v1_type, my_test_bridge),
     ok.
 
 t_manual_health_check(_) ->
@@ -599,7 +600,7 @@ t_remove_single_connector_being_referenced_without_active_channels(_Config) ->
             ?assertMatch({ok, _}, emqx_connector:remove(con_type(), con_name())),
             %% we no longer have connector data if this happens...
             ?assertMatch(
-                {ok, #{resource_data := undefined}},
+                {ok, #{resource_data := #{}}},
                 emqx_bridge_v2:lookup(bridge_type(), BridgeName)
             ),
             ok
@@ -638,7 +639,7 @@ t_remove_multiple_connectors_being_referenced_without_channels(_Config) ->
             ),
             %% we no longer have connector data if this happens...
             ?assertMatch(
-                {ok, #{resource_data := undefined}},
+                {ok, #{resource_data := #{}}},
                 emqx_bridge_v2:lookup(bridge_type(), BridgeName)
             ),
             ok