diff --git a/apps/emqx/src/emqx_persistent_message_ds_replayer.erl b/apps/emqx/src/emqx_persistent_message_ds_replayer.erl
index d1e60f0ae..12b7c68a2 100644
--- a/apps/emqx/src/emqx_persistent_message_ds_replayer.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx/src/emqx_persistent_message_ds_replayer.erl
@@ -66,7 +66,10 @@
 
 -opaque inflight() :: #inflight{}.
 
--type reply_fun() :: fun((seqno(), emqx_types:message()) -> emqx_session:reply()).
+-type reply_fun() :: fun(
+    (seqno(), emqx_types:message()) ->
+        emqx_session:replies() | {_AdvanceSeqno :: false, emqx_session:replies()}
+).
 
 %%================================================================================
 %% API funcions
@@ -222,8 +225,8 @@ find_committed_until(Track, Ranges) ->
             case Range of
                 #ds_pubrange{type = checkpoint} ->
                     true;
-                #ds_pubrange{type = inflight} = Range ->
-                    not has_range_track(Track, Range)
+                #ds_pubrange{type = inflight, tracks = Tracks} ->
+                    not has_track(Track, Tracks)
             end
         end,
         Ranges
@@ -259,16 +262,16 @@ fetch(ReplyFun, SessionId, Inflight0, [DSStream | Streams], N, Acc) when N > 0 -
             Range0 = #ds_pubrange{
                 id = {SessionId, FirstSeqno},
                 type = inflight,
+                tracks = Tracks,
                 until = UntilSeqno,
                 stream = DSStream#ds_stream.ref,
                 iterator = ItBegin
             },
-            Range1 = update_range_tracks(Tracks, Range0),
-            ok = preserve_range(Range1),
+            ok = preserve_range(Range0),
             %% ...Yet we need to keep the iterator pointing past the end of the
             %% range, so that we can pick up where we left off: it will become
             %% `ItBegin` of the next range for this stream.
-            Range = keep_next_iterator(ItEnd, Range1),
+            Range = keep_next_iterator(ItEnd, Range0),
             Inflight = Inflight0#inflight{
                 next_seqno = UntilSeqno,
                 offset_ranges = Ranges ++ [Range]
@@ -332,7 +335,7 @@ discard_committed_ranges(
         TracksLeft ->
             %% Only some track has been committed.
             %% Preserve the uncommitted tracks in the database.
-            RangeKept = update_range_tracks(TracksLeft, Range),
+            RangeKept = Range#ds_pubrange{tracks = TracksLeft},
             preserve_range(restore_first_iterator(RangeKept)),
             [RangeKept | discard_committed_ranges(SessionId, Commits, Checkpoints, Rest)]
     end;
@@ -346,11 +349,7 @@ discard_committed_range(
     #ds_pubrange{until = Until}
 ) when Until > AckedUntil andalso Until > CompUntil ->
     keep_all;
-discard_committed_range(
-    Commits,
-    Range = #ds_pubrange{until = Until}
-) ->
-    Tracks = get_range_tracks(Range),
+discard_committed_range(Commits, #ds_pubrange{until = Until, tracks = Tracks}) ->
     case discard_tracks(Commits, Until, Tracks) of
         0 ->
             discard;
@@ -381,10 +380,10 @@ replay_range(
     Size = range_size(First, Until),
     {ok, ItNext, MessagesUnacked} = emqx_ds:next(?PERSISTENT_MESSAGE_DB, It, Size),
     %% Asserting that range is consistent with the message storage state.
-    {Replies, {Until, Tracks}} = publish(ReplyFun, First, MessagesUnacked),
+    {Replies, {Until, _TracksInitial}} = publish(ReplyFun, First, MessagesUnacked),
     %% Again, we need to keep the iterator pointing past the end of the
     %% range, so that we can pick up where we left off.
-    Range = keep_next_iterator(ItNext, ensure_range_tracks(Tracks, Range0)),
+    Range = keep_next_iterator(ItNext, Range0),
     {Range, Replies ++ Acc};
 replay_range(_ReplyFun, Range0 = #ds_pubrange{type = checkpoint}, Acc) ->
     {Range0, Acc}.
@@ -456,28 +455,10 @@ restore_first_iterator(Range = #ds_pubrange{misc = Misc = #{iterator_first := It
         misc = maps:remove(iterator_first, Misc)
     }.
 
-ensure_range_tracks(_Tracks, Range = #ds_pubrange{misc = #{?T_tracks := _Existing}}) ->
-    Range;
-ensure_range_tracks(Tracks, Range = #ds_pubrange{}) ->
-    update_range_tracks(Tracks, Range).
-
-update_range_tracks(?TRACK_FLAG(?ACK), Range = #ds_pubrange{misc = Misc}) ->
-    %% This is assumed as the default value for the tracks field.
-    Range#ds_pubrange{misc = maps:remove(?T_tracks, Misc)};
-update_range_tracks(Tracks, Range = #ds_pubrange{misc = Misc}) ->
-    Range#ds_pubrange{misc = Misc#{?T_tracks => Tracks}}.
-
-get_range_tracks(#ds_pubrange{misc = Misc}) ->
-    %% This is assumed as the default value for the tracks field.
-    maps:get(?T_tracks, Misc, ?TRACK_FLAG(?ACK)).
-
 -spec preserve_range(ds_pubrange()) -> ok.
 preserve_range(Range = #ds_pubrange{type = inflight}) ->
     mria:dirty_write(?SESSION_PUBRANGE_TAB, Range).
 
-has_range_track(Track, Range) ->
-    has_track(Track, get_range_tracks(Range)).
-
 has_track(ack, Tracks) ->
     (?TRACK_FLAG(?ACK) band Tracks) > 0;
 has_track(comp, Tracks) ->
@@ -640,19 +621,19 @@ compute_inflight_range_test_() ->
                     id = {<<>>, 12},
                     until = 13,
                     type = inflight,
-                    misc = #{}
+                    tracks = ?TRACK_FLAG(?ACK)
                 },
                 #ds_pubrange{
                     id = {<<>>, 13},
                     until = 20,
                     type = inflight,
-                    misc = #{?T_tracks => ?TRACK_FLAG(?COMP)}
+                    tracks = ?TRACK_FLAG(?COMP)
                 },
                 #ds_pubrange{
                     id = {<<>>, 20},
                     until = 42,
                     type = inflight,
-                    misc = #{?T_tracks => ?TRACK_FLAG(?ACK) bor ?TRACK_FLAG(?COMP)}
+                    tracks = ?TRACK_FLAG(?ACK) bor ?TRACK_FLAG(?COMP)
                 }
             ])
         ),
diff --git a/apps/emqx/src/emqx_persistent_session_ds.hrl b/apps/emqx/src/emqx_persistent_session_ds.hrl
index 24c14f7eb..779f56736 100644
--- a/apps/emqx/src/emqx_persistent_session_ds.hrl
+++ b/apps/emqx/src/emqx_persistent_session_ds.hrl
@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@
 -define(SESSION_MARKER_TAB, emqx_ds_marker_tab).
 -define(DS_MRIA_SHARD, emqx_ds_session_shard).
 
-%% Integer tags for `misc` maps keys.
--define(T_tracks, 1).
-
 -record(ds_sub, {
     id :: emqx_persistent_session_ds:subscription_id(),
     start_time :: emqx_ds:time(),
@@ -61,6 +58,10 @@
     %% * Checkpoint range was already acked, its purpose is to keep track of the
     %%   very last iterator for this stream.
     type :: inflight | checkpoint,
+    %% What commit tracks this range is part of.
+    %% This is rarely stored: we only need to persist it when the range contains
+    %% QoS 2 messages.
+    tracks = 0 :: non_neg_integer(),
     %% Meaning of this depends on the type of the range:
     %% * For inflight range, this is the iterator pointing to the first message in
     %%   the range.
@@ -68,13 +69,7 @@
     %%   message in the range.
     iterator :: emqx_ds:iterator(),
     %% Reserved for future use.
-    misc = #{} :: #{
-        %% What commit tracks this range is part of.
-        %% This is rarely stored: we only need to persist it when the range
-        %% contains QoS 2 messages.
-        ?T_tracks => non_neg_integer(),
-        _ => _
-    }
+    misc = #{} :: map()
 }).
 -type ds_pubrange() :: #ds_pubrange{}.