diff --git a/apps/emqx/test/emqx_config_handler_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx/test/emqx_config_handler_SUITE.erl
index f04b8256c..194198571 100644
--- a/apps/emqx/test/emqx_config_handler_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx/test/emqx_config_handler_SUITE.erl
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ t_sub_key_update_remove(_Config) ->
 
     %% remove
     ?assertEqual(
-        {ok, #{post_config_update => #{emqx_config_handler_SUITE => ok}}},
+        {ok, #{post_config_update => #{?MODULE => ok}}},
         emqx:remove_config(KeyPath)
     ),
     ?assertError(
@@ -184,18 +184,6 @@ t_sub_key_update_remove(_Config) ->
     ?assertEqual(false, lists:member(<<"cpu_check_interval">>, OSKey)),
     ?assert(length(OSKey) > 0),
 
-    ?assertEqual(
-        {ok, #{
-            config => 60000,
-            post_config_update => #{?MODULE => ok},
-            raw_config => <<"60s">>
-        }},
-        emqx:reset_config(KeyPath, Opts)
-    ),
-    OSKey1 = maps:keys(emqx:get_raw_config([sysmon, os])),
-    ?assertEqual(true, lists:member(<<"cpu_check_interval">>, OSKey1)),
-    ?assert(length(OSKey1) > 1),
-
     ok = emqx_config_handler:remove_handler(KeyPath),
     ok = emqx_config_handler:remove_handler(KeyPath2),
     ok.
@@ -292,44 +280,6 @@ t_get_raw_cluster_override_conf(_Config) ->
     ?assertEqual(OldInfo, NewInfo),
     ok.
 
-t_save_config_failed(_Config) ->
-    ok.
-
-t_update_sub(_Config) ->
-    PathKey = [sysmon],
-    Opts = #{rawconf_with_defaults => true},
-    ok = emqx_config_handler:add_handler(PathKey, ?MODULE),
-    %% update sub key
-    #{<<"os">> := OS1} = emqx:get_raw_config(PathKey),
-    {ok, Res} = emqx:update_config(PathKey ++ [os, cpu_check_interval], <<"120s">>, Opts),
-    ?assertEqual(
-        #{
-            config => 120000,
-            post_config_update => #{},
-            raw_config => <<"120s">>
-        },
-        Res
-    ),
-    ?assertMatch(#{os := #{cpu_check_interval := 120000}}, emqx:get_config(PathKey)),
-    #{<<"os">> := OS2} = emqx:get_raw_config(PathKey),
-    ?assertEqual(lists:sort(maps:keys(OS1)), lists:sort(maps:keys(OS2))),
-
-    %% update sub key
-    SubKey = PathKey ++ [os, cpu_high_watermark],
-    ?assertEqual(
-        {ok, #{
-            config => 0.81,
-            post_config_update => #{},
-            raw_config => <<"81%">>
-        }},
-        emqx:update_config(SubKey, "81%", Opts)
-    ),
-    ?assertEqual(0.81, emqx:get_config(SubKey)),
-    ?assertEqual("81%", emqx:get_raw_config(SubKey)),
-
-    ok = emqx_config_handler:remove_handler(PathKey),
-    ok.
-
 pre_config_update([sysmon], UpdateReq, _RawConf) ->
     {ok, UpdateReq};
 pre_config_update([sysmon, os], UpdateReq, _RawConf) ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_ft/test/emqx_ft_storage_exporter_s3_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_ft/test/emqx_ft_storage_exporter_s3_SUITE.erl
index e717fe262..9e6050f36 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_ft/test/emqx_ft_storage_exporter_s3_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_ft/test/emqx_ft_storage_exporter_s3_SUITE.erl
@@ -110,9 +110,13 @@ t_upload_error(Config) ->
     Name = "cool_name",
     Data = <<"data"/utf8>>,
 
-    {ok, _} = emqx_conf:update(
-        [file_transfer, storage, local, exporter, s3, bucket], <<"invalid-bucket">>, #{}
+    Conf = emqx_conf:get_raw([file_transfer], #{}),
+    Conf1 = emqx_utils_maps:deep_put(
+        [<<"storage">>, <<"local">>, <<"exporter">>, <<"s3">>, <<"bucket">>],
+        Conf,
+        <<"invalid-bucket">>
     ),
+    {ok, _} = emqx_conf:update([file_transfer], Conf1, #{}),
 
     ?assertEqual(
         {error, unspecified_error},
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.erl
index 02e3a60ac..096a33341 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.erl
@@ -255,11 +255,11 @@ ensure_action_removed(RuleId, ActionName) ->
     case emqx:get_raw_config([rule_engine, rules, RuleId], not_found) of
         not_found ->
             ok;
-        #{<<"actions">> := Acts} ->
+        #{<<"actions">> := Acts} = Conf ->
             NewActs = [AName || AName <- Acts, FilterFunc(AName, ActionName)],
             {ok, _} = emqx_conf:update(
-                emqx_rule_engine:config_key_path() ++ [RuleId, actions],
-                NewActs,
+                emqx_rule_engine:config_key_path() ++ [RuleId],
+                Conf#{<<"actions">> => NewActs},
                 #{override_to => cluster}
             ),
             ok
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ init([]) ->
         {write_concurrency, true},
         {read_concurrency, true}
     ]),
-    ok = emqx_config_handler:add_handler(
+    ok = emqx_conf:add_handler(
         [rule_engine, jq_implementation_module],
         emqx_rule_engine_schema
     ),