diff --git a/apps/emqx_management/src/emqx_mgmt_api_pubsub.erl b/apps/emqx_management/src/emqx_mgmt_api_pubsub.erl
index 53ca022bb..1d89f237a 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_management/src/emqx_mgmt_api_pubsub.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_management/src/emqx_mgmt_api_pubsub.erl
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ subscribe(_Bindings, Params) ->
 
 publish(_Bindings, Params) ->
     logger:debug("API publish Params:~p", [Params]),
-    {ClientId, Topic, Qos, Retain, Payload} = parse_publish_params(Params),
-    case do_publish(ClientId, Topic, Qos, Retain, Payload) of
+    {ClientId, Topic, Qos, Retain, Payload, UserProps} = parse_publish_params(Params),
+    case do_publish(ClientId, Topic, Qos, Retain, Payload, UserProps) of
         {ok, MsgIds} ->
             case proplists:get_value(<<"return">>, Params, undefined) of
                 undefined -> minirest:return(ok);
@@ -114,7 +114,8 @@ loop_subscribe([Params | ParamsN], Acc) ->
         {_, Code0, _Reason} -> Code0
     end,
     Result = #{clientid => ClientId,
-               topic => resp_topic(proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params), proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
+               topic => resp_topic(proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params),
+                                   proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
                code => Code},
     loop_subscribe(ParamsN, [Result | Acc]).
 
@@ -123,12 +124,13 @@ loop_publish(Params) ->
 loop_publish([], Result) ->
     lists:reverse(Result);
 loop_publish([Params | ParamsN], Acc) ->
-    {ClientId, Topic, Qos, Retain, Payload} = parse_publish_params(Params),
-    Code = case do_publish(ClientId, Topic, Qos, Retain, Payload) of
+    {ClientId, Topic, Qos, Retain, Payload, UserProps} = parse_publish_params(Params),
+    Code = case do_publish(ClientId, Topic, Qos, Retain, Payload, UserProps) of
         {ok, _} -> 0;
         {_, Code0, _} -> Code0
     end,
-    Result = #{topic => resp_topic(proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params), proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
+    Result = #{topic => resp_topic(proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params),
+                                   proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
                code => Code},
     loop_publish(ParamsN, [Result | Acc]).
 
@@ -143,7 +145,8 @@ loop_unsubscribe([Params | ParamsN], Acc) ->
         {_, Code0, _} -> Code0
     end,
     Result = #{clientid => ClientId,
-               topic => resp_topic(proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params), proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
+               topic => resp_topic(proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params),
+                                   proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
                code => Code},
     loop_unsubscribe(ParamsN, [Result | Acc]).
 
@@ -158,14 +161,17 @@ do_subscribe(ClientId, Topics, QoS) ->
         _ -> ok
     end.
 
-do_publish(ClientId, _Topics, _Qos, _Retain, _Payload) when not (is_binary(ClientId) or (ClientId =:= undefined)) ->
+do_publish(ClientId, _Topics, _Qos, _Retain, _Payload, _UserProps)
+  when not (is_binary(ClientId) or (ClientId =:= undefined)) ->
     {ok, ?ERROR8, <<"bad clientid: must be string">>};
-do_publish(_ClientId, [], _Qos, _Retain, _Payload) ->
+do_publish(_ClientId, [], _Qos, _Retain, _Payload, _UserProps) ->
     {ok, ?ERROR15, bad_topic};
-do_publish(ClientId, Topics, Qos, Retain, Payload) ->
+do_publish(ClientId, Topics, Qos, Retain, Payload, UserProps) ->
     MsgIds = lists:map(fun(Topic) ->
         Msg = emqx_message:make(ClientId, Qos, Topic, Payload),
-        _ = emqx_mgmt:publish(Msg#message{flags = #{retain => Retain}}),
+        UserProps1 = #{'User-Property' => UserProps},
+        _ = emqx_mgmt:publish(Msg#message{flags = #{retain => Retain},
+                                          headers = #{properties => UserProps1}}),
         emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Msg#message.id)
     end, Topics),
     {ok, MsgIds}.
@@ -185,19 +191,22 @@ do_unsubscribe(ClientId, Topic) ->
 
 parse_subscribe_params(Params) ->
     ClientId = proplists:get_value(<<"clientid">>, Params),
-    Topics   = topics(filter, proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params), proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
+    Topics   = topics(filter, proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params),
+                              proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
     QoS      = proplists:get_value(<<"qos">>, Params, 0),
     {ClientId, Topics, QoS}.
 
 parse_publish_params(Params) ->
-    Topics   = topics(name, proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params), proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
-    ClientId = proplists:get_value(<<"clientid">>, Params),
-    Payload  = decode_payload(proplists:get_value(<<"payload">>, Params, <<>>),
-                              proplists:get_value(<<"encoding">>, Params, <<"plain">>)),
-    Qos      = proplists:get_value(<<"qos">>, Params, 0),
-    Retain   = proplists:get_value(<<"retain">>, Params, false),
-    Payload1 = maybe_maps_to_binary(Payload),
-    {ClientId, Topics, Qos, Retain, Payload1}.
+    Topics    = topics(name, proplists:get_value(<<"topic">>, Params),
+                             proplists:get_value(<<"topics">>, Params, <<"">>)),
+    ClientId  = proplists:get_value(<<"clientid">>, Params),
+    Payload   = decode_payload(proplists:get_value(<<"payload">>, Params, <<>>),
+                               proplists:get_value(<<"encoding">>, Params, <<"plain">>)),
+    Qos       = proplists:get_value(<<"qos">>, Params, 0),
+    Retain    = proplists:get_value(<<"retain">>, Params, false),
+    Payload1  = maybe_maps_to_binary(Payload),
+    UserProps = check_user_props(proplists:get_value(<<"user_properties">>, Params, [])),
+    {ClientId, Topics, Qos, Retain, Payload1, UserProps}.
 
 parse_unsubscribe_params(Params) ->
     ClientId = proplists:get_value(<<"clientid">>, Params),
@@ -251,3 +260,8 @@ maybe_maps_to_binary(Payload) ->
       _C : _E : S ->
          error({encode_payload_fail, S})
   end.
+
+check_user_props(UserProps) when is_list(UserProps) ->
+    UserProps;
+check_user_props(UserProps) ->
+    error({user_properties_type_error, UserProps}).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_management/test/emqx_mgmt_api_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_management/test/emqx_mgmt_api_SUITE.erl
index a3eea2ab3..a97381220 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_management/test/emqx_mgmt_api_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_management/test/emqx_mgmt_api_SUITE.erl
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ t_pubsub(_) ->
 
     ClientId = <<"client1">>,
     Options = #{clientid => ClientId,
-                proto_ver => 5},
+                proto_ver => v5},
     Topic = <<"mytopic">>,
     {ok, C1} = emqtt:start_link(Options),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(C1),
@@ -536,11 +536,29 @@ t_pubsub(_) ->
         api_path(["mqtt/unsubscribe_batch"]), [], auth_header_(), Body3),
     loop(maps:get(<<"data">>, jiffy:decode(list_to_binary(Data3), [return_maps]))),
 
+    {ok, _, [1]} = emqtt:subscribe(C1, <<"mytopic">>, qos1),
+    timer:sleep(50),
+
+    %% user properties
+    {ok, Code} = request_api(post, api_path(["mqtt/publish"]), [], auth_header_(),
+                             #{<<"clientid">> => ClientId,
+                               <<"topic">> => <<"mytopic">>,
+                               <<"qos">> => 1,
+                               <<"payload">> => <<"hello world">>,
+                               <<"user_properties">> => #{<<"porp_1">> => <<"porp_1">>}}),
+    ?assert(receive
+                {publish, #{payload := <<"hello world">>,
+                            properties := #{'User-Property' := [{<<"porp_1">>,<<"porp_1">>}]}}} ->
+                    true
+            after 100 ->
+                    false
+            end),
+
     ok = emqtt:disconnect(C1),
 
-    ?assertEqual(3, emqx_metrics:val('messages.qos1.received') - Qos1Received),
+    ?assertEqual(4, emqx_metrics:val('messages.qos1.received') - Qos1Received),
     ?assertEqual(2, emqx_metrics:val('messages.qos2.received') - Qos2Received),
-    ?assertEqual(5, emqx_metrics:val('messages.received') - Received).
+    ?assertEqual(6, emqx_metrics:val('messages.received') - Received).
 
 loop([]) -> [];
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_events.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_events.erl
index 97e40439d..72f8345bf 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_events.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_events.erl
@@ -454,7 +454,8 @@ columns_with_exam('message.publish') ->
     , {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>}
     , {<<"qos">>, 1}
     , {<<"flags">>, #{}}
-    , {<<"headers">>, undefined}
+    , {<<"headers">>, #{<<"properties">> => #{<<"User-Property">> =>
+                                                #{'prop_key' => <<"prop_val">>}}}}
     , {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
     , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
     , {<<"node">>, node()}
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqltester.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqltester.erl
index 760205d62..747de87d7 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqltester.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqltester.erl
@@ -98,21 +98,8 @@ sql_test_action() ->
 fill_default_values(Event, Context) ->
     maps:merge(envs_examp(Event), Context).
 
-envs_examp(<<"$events/", _/binary>> = EVENT_TOPIC) ->
+envs_examp(EVENT_TOPIC) ->
     EventName = emqx_rule_events:event_name(EVENT_TOPIC),
     emqx_rule_maps:atom_key_map(
         maps:from_list(
-            emqx_rule_events:columns_with_exam(EventName)));
-envs_examp(_) ->
-    #{id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen()),
-      clientid => <<"c_emqx">>,
-      username => <<"u_emqx">>,
-      payload => <<"{\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"ha\"}">>,
-      peerhost => <<"127.0.0.1">>,
-      topic => <<"t/a">>,
-      qos => 1,
-      flags => #{sys => true, event => true},
-      publish_received_at => emqx_rule_utils:now_ms(),
-      timestamp => emqx_rule_utils:now_ms(),
-      node => node()
-    }.
+            emqx_rule_events:columns_with_exam(EventName))).