diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/rebar.config b/apps/emqx_bridge/rebar.config
index d24d23f8c..0a1cbc29b 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/rebar.config
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/rebar.config
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 {erl_opts, [debug_info]}.
-{deps, [ {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}}
-       ]}.
+{deps, [{emqx, {path, "../emqx"}}]}.
 
 {shell, [
-  % {config, "config/sys.config"},
+    % {config, "config/sys.config"},
     {apps, [emqx_bridge]}
 ]}.
+
+{project_plugins, [erlfmt]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.app.src b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.app.src
index 2a2f11603..70550efe4 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.app.src
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.app.src
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
-{application, emqx_bridge,
- [{description, "An OTP application"},
-  {vsn, "0.1.0"},
-  {registered, []},
-  {mod, {emqx_bridge_app, []}},
-  {applications,
-   [kernel,
-    stdlib,
-    emqx,
-    emqx_connector
-   ]},
-  {env,[]},
-  {modules, []},
+{application, emqx_bridge, [
+    {description, "An OTP application"},
+    {vsn, "0.1.0"},
+    {registered, []},
+    {mod, {emqx_bridge_app, []}},
+    {applications, [
+        kernel,
+        stdlib,
+        emqx,
+        emqx_connector
+    ]},
+    {env, []},
+    {modules, []},
 
-  {licenses, ["Apache 2.0"]},
-  {links, []}
- ]}.
+    {licenses, ["Apache 2.0"]},
+    {links, []}
+]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.erl
index b2939f9a9..88f12c1f5 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge.erl
@@ -18,48 +18,48 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/emqx.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
--export([ post_config_update/5
-        ]).
+-export([post_config_update/5]).
 
--export([ load_hook/0
-        , unload_hook/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    load_hook/0,
+    unload_hook/0
+]).
 
 -export([on_message_publish/1]).
 
--export([ resource_type/1
-        , bridge_type/1
-        , resource_id/1
-        , resource_id/2
-        , bridge_id/2
-        , parse_bridge_id/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    resource_type/1,
+    bridge_type/1,
+    resource_id/1,
+    resource_id/2,
+    bridge_id/2,
+    parse_bridge_id/1
+]).
 
--export([ load/0
-        , lookup/1
-        , lookup/2
-        , lookup/3
-        , list/0
-        , list_bridges_by_connector/1
-        , create/2
-        , create/3
-        , recreate/2
-        , recreate/3
-        , create_dry_run/2
-        , remove/1
-        , remove/2
-        , update/2
-        , update/3
-        , stop/2
-        , restart/2
-        , reset_metrics/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    load/0,
+    lookup/1,
+    lookup/2,
+    lookup/3,
+    list/0,
+    list_bridges_by_connector/1,
+    create/2,
+    create/3,
+    recreate/2,
+    recreate/3,
+    create_dry_run/2,
+    remove/1,
+    remove/2,
+    update/2,
+    update/3,
+    stop/2,
+    restart/2,
+    reset_metrics/1
+]).
 
--export([ send_message/2
-        ]).
+-export([send_message/2]).
 
--export([ config_key_path/0
-        ]).
+-export([config_key_path/0]).
 
 %% exported for `emqx_telemetry'
 -export([get_basic_usage_info/0]).
@@ -69,18 +69,25 @@ load_hook() ->
     load_hook(Bridges).
 
 load_hook(Bridges) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun({_Type, Bridge}) ->
-            lists:foreach(fun({_Name, BridgeConf}) ->
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun({_Type, Bridge}) ->
+            lists:foreach(
+                fun({_Name, BridgeConf}) ->
                     do_load_hook(BridgeConf)
-                end, maps:to_list(Bridge))
-        end, maps:to_list(Bridges)).
+                end,
+                maps:to_list(Bridge)
+            )
+        end,
+        maps:to_list(Bridges)
+    ).
 
 do_load_hook(#{local_topic := _} = Conf) ->
     case maps:get(direction, Conf, egress) of
         egress -> emqx_hooks:put('message.publish', {?MODULE, on_message_publish, []});
         ingress -> ok
     end;
-do_load_hook(_Conf) -> ok.
+do_load_hook(_Conf) ->
+    ok.
 
 unload_hook() ->
     ok = emqx_hooks:del('message.publish', {?MODULE, on_message_publish}).
@@ -90,23 +97,36 @@ on_message_publish(Message = #message{topic = Topic, flags = Flags}) ->
         false ->
             Msg = emqx_rule_events:eventmsg_publish(Message),
             send_to_matched_egress_bridges(Topic, Msg);
-        true -> ok
+        true ->
+            ok
     end,
     {ok, Message}.
 
 send_to_matched_egress_bridges(Topic, Msg) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun (Id) ->
-        try send_message(Id, Msg) of
-            {error, Reason} ->
-                ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "send_message_to_bridge_failed",
-                        bridge => Id, error => Reason});
-            _ -> ok
-        catch Err:Reason:ST ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "send_message_to_bridge_exception",
-                bridge => Id, error => Err, reason => Reason,
-                stacktrace => ST})
-        end
-    end, get_matched_bridges(Topic)).
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(Id) ->
+            try send_message(Id, Msg) of
+                {error, Reason} ->
+                    ?SLOG(error, #{
+                        msg => "send_message_to_bridge_failed",
+                        bridge => Id,
+                        error => Reason
+                    });
+                _ ->
+                    ok
+            catch
+                Err:Reason:ST ->
+                    ?SLOG(error, #{
+                        msg => "send_message_to_bridge_exception",
+                        bridge => Id,
+                        error => Err,
+                        reason => Reason,
+                        stacktrace => ST
+                    })
+            end
+        end,
+        get_matched_bridges(Topic)
+    ).
 
 send_message(BridgeId, Message) ->
     {BridgeType, BridgeName} = parse_bridge_id(BridgeId),
@@ -132,8 +152,8 @@ bridge_type(emqx_connector_mqtt) -> mqtt;
 bridge_type(emqx_connector_http) -> http.
 
 post_config_update(_, _Req, NewConf, OldConf, _AppEnv) ->
-    #{added := Added, removed := Removed, changed := Updated}
-        = diff_confs(NewConf, OldConf),
+    #{added := Added, removed := Removed, changed := Updated} =
+        diff_confs(NewConf, OldConf),
     %% The config update will be failed if any task in `perform_bridge_changes` failed.
     Result = perform_bridge_changes([
         {fun remove/3, Removed},
@@ -150,15 +170,19 @@ perform_bridge_changes(Tasks) ->
 perform_bridge_changes([], Result) ->
     Result;
 perform_bridge_changes([{Action, MapConfs} | Tasks], Result0) ->
-    Result = maps:fold(fun
-        ({_Type, _Name}, _Conf, {error, Reason}) ->
-            {error, Reason};
-        ({Type, Name}, Conf, _) ->
-            case Action(Type, Name, Conf) of
-                {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason};
-                Return -> Return
-            end
-        end, Result0, MapConfs),
+    Result = maps:fold(
+        fun
+            ({_Type, _Name}, _Conf, {error, Reason}) ->
+                {error, Reason};
+            ({Type, Name}, Conf, _) ->
+                case Action(Type, Name, Conf) of
+                    {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason};
+                    Return -> Return
+                end
+        end,
+        Result0,
+        MapConfs
+    ),
     perform_bridge_changes(Tasks, Result).
 
 load() ->
@@ -184,18 +208,29 @@ parse_bridge_id(BridgeId) ->
     end.
 
 list() ->
-    lists:foldl(fun({Type, NameAndConf}, Bridges) ->
-            lists:foldl(fun({Name, RawConf}, Acc) ->
+    lists:foldl(
+        fun({Type, NameAndConf}, Bridges) ->
+            lists:foldl(
+                fun({Name, RawConf}, Acc) ->
                     case lookup(Type, Name, RawConf) of
                         {error, not_found} -> Acc;
                         {ok, Res} -> [Res | Acc]
                     end
-                end, Bridges, maps:to_list(NameAndConf))
-        end, [], maps:to_list(emqx:get_raw_config([bridges], #{}))).
+                end,
+                Bridges,
+                maps:to_list(NameAndConf)
+            )
+        end,
+        [],
+        maps:to_list(emqx:get_raw_config([bridges], #{}))
+    ).
 
 list_bridges_by_connector(ConnectorId) ->
-    [B || B = #{raw_config := #{<<"connector">> := Id}} <- list(),
-         ConnectorId =:= Id].
+    [
+        B
+     || B = #{raw_config := #{<<"connector">> := Id}} <- list(),
+        ConnectorId =:= Id
+    ].
 
 lookup(Id) ->
     {Type, Name} = parse_bridge_id(Id),
@@ -206,10 +241,15 @@ lookup(Type, Name) ->
     lookup(Type, Name, RawConf).
 lookup(Type, Name, RawConf) ->
     case emqx_resource:get_instance(resource_id(Type, Name)) of
-        {error, not_found} -> {error, not_found};
+        {error, not_found} ->
+            {error, not_found};
         {ok, _, Data} ->
-            {ok, #{type => Type, name => Name, resource_data => Data,
-                   raw_config => RawConf}}
+            {ok, #{
+                type => Type,
+                name => Name,
+                resource_data => Data,
+                raw_config => RawConf
+            }}
     end.
 
 reset_metrics(ResourceId) ->
@@ -227,13 +267,21 @@ create(BridgeId, Conf) ->
     create(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf).
 
 create(Type, Name, Conf) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "create bridge", type => Type, name => Name,
-        config => Conf}),
-    case emqx_resource:create_local(resource_id(Type, Name),
-                            <<"emqx_bridge">>,
-                            emqx_bridge:resource_type(Type),
-                            parse_confs(Type, Name, Conf),
-                            #{}) of
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "create bridge",
+        type => Type,
+        name => Name,
+        config => Conf
+    }),
+    case
+        emqx_resource:create_local(
+            resource_id(Type, Name),
+            <<"emqx_bridge">>,
+            emqx_bridge:resource_type(Type),
+            parse_confs(Type, Name, Conf),
+            #{}
+        )
+    of
         {ok, already_created} -> maybe_disable_bridge(Type, Name, Conf);
         {ok, _} -> maybe_disable_bridge(Type, Name, Conf);
         {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
@@ -254,15 +302,25 @@ update(Type, Name, {OldConf, Conf}) ->
     %%
     case if_only_to_toggle_enable(OldConf, Conf) of
         false ->
-            ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "update bridge", type => Type, name => Name,
-                config => Conf}),
+            ?SLOG(info, #{
+                msg => "update bridge",
+                type => Type,
+                name => Name,
+                config => Conf
+            }),
             case recreate(Type, Name, Conf) of
-                {ok, _} -> maybe_disable_bridge(Type, Name, Conf);
+                {ok, _} ->
+                    maybe_disable_bridge(Type, Name, Conf);
                 {error, not_found} ->
-                    ?SLOG(warning, #{ msg => "updating_a_non-exist_bridge_need_create_a_new_one"
-                                    , type => Type, name => Name, config => Conf}),
+                    ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                        msg => "updating_a_non-exist_bridge_need_create_a_new_one",
+                        type => Type,
+                        name => Name,
+                        config => Conf
+                    }),
                     create(Type, Name, Conf);
-                {error, Reason} -> {error, {update_bridge_failed, Reason}}
+                {error, Reason} ->
+                    {error, {update_bridge_failed, Reason}}
             end;
         true ->
             %% we don't need to recreate the bridge if this config change is only to
@@ -277,22 +335,25 @@ recreate(Type, Name) ->
     recreate(Type, Name, emqx:get_config([bridges, Type, Name])).
 
 recreate(Type, Name, Conf) ->
-    emqx_resource:recreate_local(resource_id(Type, Name),
+    emqx_resource:recreate_local(
+        resource_id(Type, Name),
         emqx_bridge:resource_type(Type),
         parse_confs(Type, Name, Conf),
-        #{}).
+        #{}
+    ).
 
 create_dry_run(Type, Conf) ->
-
-    Conf0 = Conf#{<<"egress">> =>
-      #{ <<"remote_topic">> => <<"t">>
-       , <<"remote_qos">> => 0
-       , <<"retain">> => true
-       , <<"payload">> => <<"val">>
-       },
-    <<"ingress">> =>
-      #{ <<"remote_topic">> => <<"t">>
-       }},
+    Conf0 = Conf#{
+        <<"egress">> =>
+            #{
+                <<"remote_topic">> => <<"t">>,
+                <<"remote_qos">> => 0,
+                <<"retain">> => true,
+                <<"payload">> => <<"val">>
+            },
+        <<"ingress">> =>
+            #{<<"remote_topic">> => <<"t">>}
+    },
     case emqx_resource:check_config(emqx_bridge:resource_type(Type), Conf0) of
         {ok, Conf1} ->
             emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(emqx_bridge:resource_type(Type), Conf1);
@@ -313,35 +374,48 @@ remove(Type, Name, _Conf) ->
     case emqx_resource:remove_local(resource_id(Type, Name)) of
         ok -> ok;
         {error, not_found} -> ok;
-        {error, Reason} ->
-            {error, Reason}
+        {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
     end.
 
 diff_confs(NewConfs, OldConfs) ->
-    emqx_map_lib:diff_maps(flatten_confs(NewConfs),
-        flatten_confs(OldConfs)).
+    emqx_map_lib:diff_maps(
+        flatten_confs(NewConfs),
+        flatten_confs(OldConfs)
+    ).
 
 flatten_confs(Conf0) ->
     maps:from_list(
-        lists:flatmap(fun({Type, Conf}) ->
+        lists:flatmap(
+            fun({Type, Conf}) ->
                 do_flatten_confs(Type, Conf)
-            end, maps:to_list(Conf0))).
+            end,
+            maps:to_list(Conf0)
+        )
+    ).
 
 do_flatten_confs(Type, Conf0) ->
     [{{Type, Name}, Conf} || {Name, Conf} <- maps:to_list(Conf0)].
 
 get_matched_bridges(Topic) ->
     Bridges = emqx:get_config([bridges], #{}),
-    maps:fold(fun (BType, Conf, Acc0) ->
-        maps:fold(fun
-            %% Confs for MQTT, Kafka bridges have the `direction` flag
-            (_BName, #{direction := ingress}, Acc1) ->
-                Acc1;
-            (BName, #{direction := egress} = Egress, Acc1) ->
-                %% HTTP, MySQL bridges only have egress direction
-                get_matched_bridge_id(Egress, Topic, BType, BName, Acc1)
-        end, Acc0, Conf)
-    end, [], Bridges).
+    maps:fold(
+        fun(BType, Conf, Acc0) ->
+            maps:fold(
+                fun
+                    %% Confs for MQTT, Kafka bridges have the `direction` flag
+                    (_BName, #{direction := ingress}, Acc1) ->
+                        Acc1;
+                    (BName, #{direction := egress} = Egress, Acc1) ->
+                        %% HTTP, MySQL bridges only have egress direction
+                        get_matched_bridge_id(Egress, Topic, BType, BName, Acc1)
+                end,
+                Acc0,
+                Conf
+            )
+        end,
+        [],
+        Bridges
+    ).
 
 get_matched_bridge_id(#{enable := false}, _Topic, _BType, _BName, Acc) ->
     Acc;
@@ -351,38 +425,56 @@ get_matched_bridge_id(#{local_topic := Filter}, Topic, BType, BName, Acc) ->
         false -> Acc
     end.
 
-parse_confs(http, _Name,
-        #{ url := Url
-         , method := Method
-         , body := Body
-         , headers := Headers
-         , request_timeout := ReqTimeout
-         } = Conf) ->
+parse_confs(
+    http,
+    _Name,
+    #{
+        url := Url,
+        method := Method,
+        body := Body,
+        headers := Headers,
+        request_timeout := ReqTimeout
+    } = Conf
+) ->
     {BaseUrl, Path} = parse_url(Url),
     {ok, BaseUrl2} = emqx_http_lib:uri_parse(BaseUrl),
-    Conf#{ base_url => BaseUrl2
-         , request =>
-            #{ path => Path
-             , method => Method
-             , body => Body
-             , headers => Headers
-             , request_timeout => ReqTimeout
-             }
-         };
-parse_confs(Type, Name, #{connector := ConnId, direction := Direction} = Conf)
-        when is_binary(ConnId) ->
+    Conf#{
+        base_url => BaseUrl2,
+        request =>
+            #{
+                path => Path,
+                method => Method,
+                body => Body,
+                headers => Headers,
+                request_timeout => ReqTimeout
+            }
+    };
+parse_confs(Type, Name, #{connector := ConnId, direction := Direction} = Conf) when
+    is_binary(ConnId)
+->
     case emqx_connector:parse_connector_id(ConnId) of
         {Type, ConnName} ->
             ConnectorConfs = emqx:get_config([connectors, Type, ConnName]),
-            make_resource_confs(Direction, ConnectorConfs,
-                maps:without([connector, direction], Conf), Type, Name);
+            make_resource_confs(
+                Direction,
+                ConnectorConfs,
+                maps:without([connector, direction], Conf),
+                Type,
+                Name
+            );
         {_ConnType, _ConnName} ->
             error({cannot_use_connector_with_different_type, ConnId})
     end;
-parse_confs(Type, Name, #{connector := ConnectorConfs, direction := Direction} = Conf)
-        when is_map(ConnectorConfs) ->
-    make_resource_confs(Direction, ConnectorConfs,
-        maps:without([connector, direction], Conf), Type, Name).
+parse_confs(Type, Name, #{connector := ConnectorConfs, direction := Direction} = Conf) when
+    is_map(ConnectorConfs)
+->
+    make_resource_confs(
+        Direction,
+        ConnectorConfs,
+        maps:without([connector, direction], Conf),
+        Type,
+        Name
+    ).
 
 make_resource_confs(ingress, ConnectorConfs, BridgeConf, Type, Name) ->
     BName = bridge_id(Type, Name),
@@ -417,39 +509,48 @@ if_only_to_toggle_enable(OldConf, Conf) ->
     #{added := Added, removed := Removed, changed := Updated} =
         emqx_map_lib:diff_maps(OldConf, Conf),
     case {Added, Removed, Updated} of
-        {Added, Removed, #{enable := _}= Updated}
-            when map_size(Added) =:= 0,
-                 map_size(Removed) =:= 0,
-                 map_size(Updated) =:= 1 -> true;
-        {_, _, _} -> false
+        {Added, Removed, #{enable := _} = Updated} when
+            map_size(Added) =:= 0,
+            map_size(Removed) =:= 0,
+            map_size(Updated) =:= 1
+        ->
+            true;
+        {_, _, _} ->
+            false
     end.
 
 -spec get_basic_usage_info() ->
-          #{ num_bridges => non_neg_integer()
-           , count_by_type =>
-                 #{ BridgeType => non_neg_integer()
-                  }
-           } when BridgeType :: atom().
+    #{
+        num_bridges => non_neg_integer(),
+        count_by_type =>
+            #{BridgeType => non_neg_integer()}
+    }
+when
+    BridgeType :: atom().
 get_basic_usage_info() ->
     InitialAcc = #{num_bridges => 0, count_by_type => #{}},
     try
         lists:foldl(
-          fun(#{resource_data := #{config := #{enable := false}}}, Acc) ->
-                  Acc;
-             (#{type := BridgeType}, Acc) ->
-                  NumBridges = maps:get(num_bridges, Acc),
-                  CountByType0 = maps:get(count_by_type, Acc),
-                  CountByType = maps:update_with(
-                                  binary_to_atom(BridgeType, utf8),
-                                  fun(X) -> X + 1 end,
-                                  1,
-                                  CountByType0),
-                  Acc#{ num_bridges => NumBridges + 1
-                      , count_by_type => CountByType
-                      }
-          end,
-          InitialAcc,
-          list())
+            fun
+                (#{resource_data := #{config := #{enable := false}}}, Acc) ->
+                    Acc;
+                (#{type := BridgeType}, Acc) ->
+                    NumBridges = maps:get(num_bridges, Acc),
+                    CountByType0 = maps:get(count_by_type, Acc),
+                    CountByType = maps:update_with(
+                        binary_to_atom(BridgeType, utf8),
+                        fun(X) -> X + 1 end,
+                        1,
+                        CountByType0
+                    ),
+                    Acc#{
+                        num_bridges => NumBridges + 1,
+                        count_by_type => CountByType
+                    }
+            end,
+            InitialAcc,
+            list()
+        )
     catch
         %% for instance, when the bridge app is not ready yet.
         _:_ ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_api.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_api.erl
index ff2250844..9870830d0 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_api.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_api.erl
@@ -24,22 +24,23 @@
 -import(hoconsc, [mk/2, array/1, enum/1]).
 
 %% Swagger specs from hocon schema
--export([ api_spec/0
-        , paths/0
-        , schema/1
-        , namespace/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    api_spec/0,
+    paths/0,
+    schema/1,
+    namespace/0
+]).
 
 %% API callbacks
--export([ '/bridges'/2
-        , '/bridges/:id'/2
-        , '/bridges/:id/operation/:operation'/2
-        , '/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation'/2
-        , '/bridges/:id/reset_metrics'/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    '/bridges'/2,
+    '/bridges/:id'/2,
+    '/bridges/:id/operation/:operation'/2,
+    '/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation'/2,
+    '/bridges/:id/reset_metrics'/2
+]).
 
--export([ lookup_from_local_node/2
-        ]).
+-export([lookup_from_local_node/2]).
 
 -define(TYPES, [mqtt, http]).
 
@@ -51,35 +52,45 @@
             EXPR
     catch
         error:{invalid_bridge_id, Id0} ->
-            {400, error_msg('INVALID_ID', <<"invalid_bridge_id: ", Id0/binary,
-                ". Bridge Ids must be of format {type}:{name}">>)}
-    end).
+            {400,
+                error_msg(
+                    'INVALID_ID',
+                    <<"invalid_bridge_id: ", Id0/binary,
+                        ". Bridge Ids must be of format {type}:{name}">>
+                )}
+    end
+).
 
--define(METRICS(MATCH, SUCC, FAILED, RATE, RATE_5, RATE_MAX),
-    #{  matched => MATCH,
-        success => SUCC,
-        failed => FAILED,
-        rate => RATE,
-        rate_last5m => RATE_5,
-        rate_max => RATE_MAX
-    }).
--define(metrics(MATCH, SUCC, FAILED, RATE, RATE_5, RATE_MAX),
-    #{  matched := MATCH,
-        success := SUCC,
-        failed := FAILED,
-        rate := RATE,
-        rate_last5m := RATE_5,
-        rate_max := RATE_MAX
-    }).
+-define(METRICS(MATCH, SUCC, FAILED, RATE, RATE_5, RATE_MAX), #{
+    matched => MATCH,
+    success => SUCC,
+    failed => FAILED,
+    rate => RATE,
+    rate_last5m => RATE_5,
+    rate_max => RATE_MAX
+}).
+-define(metrics(MATCH, SUCC, FAILED, RATE, RATE_5, RATE_MAX), #{
+    matched := MATCH,
+    success := SUCC,
+    failed := FAILED,
+    rate := RATE,
+    rate_last5m := RATE_5,
+    rate_max := RATE_MAX
+}).
 
 namespace() -> "bridge".
 
 api_spec() ->
     emqx_dashboard_swagger:spec(?MODULE, #{check_schema => false}).
 
-paths() -> ["/bridges", "/bridges/:id", "/bridges/:id/operation/:operation",
-            "/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation",
-            "/bridges/:id/reset_metrics"].
+paths() ->
+    [
+        "/bridges",
+        "/bridges/:id",
+        "/bridges/:id/operation/:operation",
+        "/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation",
+        "/bridges/:id/reset_metrics"
+    ].
 
 error_schema(Code, Message) when is_atom(Code) ->
     error_schema([Code], Message);
@@ -89,40 +100,58 @@ error_schema(Codes, Message) when is_list(Codes) andalso is_binary(Message) ->
     emqx_dashboard_swagger:error_codes(Codes, Message).
 
 get_response_body_schema() ->
-    emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_examples(emqx_bridge_schema:get_response(),
-        bridge_info_examples(get)).
+    emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_examples(
+        emqx_bridge_schema:get_response(),
+        bridge_info_examples(get)
+    ).
 
 param_path_operation_cluster() ->
-    {operation, mk(enum([enable, disable, stop, restart]),
-        #{ in => path
-         , required => true
-         , example => <<"start">>
-         , desc => ?DESC("desc_param_path_operation_cluster")
-         })}.
+    {operation,
+        mk(
+            enum([enable, disable, stop, restart]),
+            #{
+                in => path,
+                required => true,
+                example => <<"start">>,
+                desc => ?DESC("desc_param_path_operation_cluster")
+            }
+        )}.
 
 param_path_operation_on_node() ->
-    {operation, mk(enum([stop, restart]),
-        #{ in => path
-         , required => true
-         , example => <<"start">>
-         , desc => ?DESC("desc_param_path_operation_on_node")
-         })}.
+    {operation,
+        mk(
+            enum([stop, restart]),
+            #{
+                in => path,
+                required => true,
+                example => <<"start">>,
+                desc => ?DESC("desc_param_path_operation_on_node")
+            }
+        )}.
 
 param_path_node() ->
-    {node, mk(binary(),
-        #{ in => path
-         , required => true
-         , example => <<"emqx@127.0.0.1">>
-         , desc => ?DESC("desc_param_path_node")
-         })}.
+    {node,
+        mk(
+            binary(),
+            #{
+                in => path,
+                required => true,
+                example => <<"emqx@127.0.0.1">>,
+                desc => ?DESC("desc_param_path_node")
+            }
+        )}.
 
 param_path_id() ->
-    {id, mk(binary(),
-        #{ in => path
-         , required => true
-         , example => <<"http:my_http_bridge">>
-         , desc => ?DESC("desc_param_path_id")
-         })}.
+    {id,
+        mk(
+            binary(),
+            #{
+                in => path,
+                required => true,
+                example => <<"http:my_http_bridge">>,
+                desc => ?DESC("desc_param_path_id")
+            }
+        )}.
 
 bridge_info_array_example(Method) ->
     [Config || #{value := Config} <- maps:values(bridge_info_examples(Method))].
@@ -136,7 +165,8 @@ bridge_info_examples(Method) ->
     }).
 
 conn_bridge_examples(Method) ->
-    lists:foldl(fun(Type, Acc) ->
+    lists:foldl(
+        fun(Type, Acc) ->
             SType = atom_to_list(Type),
             KeyIngress = bin(SType ++ "_ingress"),
             KeyEgress = bin(SType ++ "_egress"),
@@ -150,19 +180,25 @@ conn_bridge_examples(Method) ->
                     value => info_example(Type, egress, Method)
                 }
             })
-        end, #{}, ?CONN_TYPES).
+        end,
+        #{},
+        ?CONN_TYPES
+    ).
 
 info_example(Type, Direction, Method) ->
-    maps:merge(info_example_basic(Type, Direction),
-               method_example(Type, Direction, Method)).
+    maps:merge(
+        info_example_basic(Type, Direction),
+        method_example(Type, Direction, Method)
+    ).
 
 method_example(Type, Direction, Method) when Method == get; Method == post ->
     SType = atom_to_list(Type),
     SDir = atom_to_list(Direction),
-    SName = case Type of
-        http -> "my_" ++ SType ++ "_bridge";
-        _ -> "my_" ++ SDir ++ "_" ++ SType ++ "_bridge"
-    end,
+    SName =
+        case Type of
+            http -> "my_" ++ SType ++ "_bridge";
+            _ -> "my_" ++ SDir ++ "_" ++ SType ++ "_bridge"
+        end,
     TypeNameExamp = #{
         type => bin(SType),
         name => bin(SName)
@@ -175,8 +211,10 @@ maybe_with_metrics_example(TypeNameExamp, get) ->
     TypeNameExamp#{
         metrics => ?METRICS(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
         node_metrics => [
-            #{node => node(),
-                metrics => ?METRICS(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)}
+            #{
+                node => node(),
+                metrics => ?METRICS(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+            }
         ]
     };
 maybe_with_metrics_example(TypeNameExamp, _) ->
@@ -231,8 +269,9 @@ schema("/bridges") ->
             description => ?DESC("desc_api1"),
             responses => #{
                 200 => emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_example(
-                        array(emqx_bridge_schema:get_response()),
-                        bridge_info_array_example(get))
+                    array(emqx_bridge_schema:get_response()),
+                    bridge_info_array_example(get)
+                )
             }
         },
         post => #{
@@ -240,15 +279,15 @@ schema("/bridges") ->
             summary => <<"Create Bridge">>,
             description => ?DESC("desc_api2"),
             'requestBody' => emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_examples(
-                            emqx_bridge_schema:post_request(),
-                            bridge_info_examples(post)),
+                emqx_bridge_schema:post_request(),
+                bridge_info_examples(post)
+            ),
             responses => #{
                 201 => get_response_body_schema(),
                 400 => error_schema('ALREADY_EXISTS', "Bridge already exists")
             }
         }
     };
-
 schema("/bridges/:id") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/bridges/:id',
@@ -268,8 +307,9 @@ schema("/bridges/:id") ->
             description => ?DESC("desc_api4"),
             parameters => [param_path_id()],
             'requestBody' => emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_examples(
-                            emqx_bridge_schema:put_request(),
-                            bridge_info_examples(put)),
+                emqx_bridge_schema:put_request(),
+                bridge_info_examples(put)
+            ),
             responses => #{
                 200 => get_response_body_schema(),
                 404 => error_schema('NOT_FOUND', "Bridge not found"),
@@ -287,7 +327,6 @@ schema("/bridges/:id") ->
             }
         }
     };
-
 schema("/bridges/:id/reset_metrics") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/bridges/:id/reset_metrics',
@@ -319,7 +358,6 @@ schema("/bridges/:id/operation/:operation") ->
             }
         }
     };
-
 schema("/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation',
@@ -336,7 +374,6 @@ schema("/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation") ->
                 200 => <<"Operation success">>,
                 400 => error_schema('INVALID_ID', "Bad bridge ID"),
                 403 => error_schema('FORBIDDEN_REQUEST', "forbidden operation")
-
             }
         }
     }.
@@ -353,15 +390,18 @@ schema("/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation") ->
             end
     end;
 '/bridges'(get, _Params) ->
-    {200, zip_bridges([[format_resp(Data) || Data <- emqx_bridge_proto_v1:list_bridges(Node)]
-                       || Node <- mria_mnesia:running_nodes()])}.
+    {200,
+        zip_bridges([
+            [format_resp(Data) || Data <- emqx_bridge_proto_v1:list_bridges(Node)]
+         || Node <- mria_mnesia:running_nodes()
+        ])}.
 
 '/bridges/:id'(get, #{bindings := #{id := Id}}) ->
     ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id, lookup_from_all_nodes(BridgeType, BridgeName, 200));
-
 '/bridges/:id'(put, #{bindings := #{id := Id}, body := Conf0}) ->
     Conf = filter_out_request_body(Conf0),
-    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id,
+    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
+        Id,
         case emqx_bridge:lookup(BridgeType, BridgeName) of
             {ok, _} ->
                 case ensure_bridge_created(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf) of
@@ -371,24 +411,31 @@ schema("/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation") ->
                         {400, Error}
                 end;
             {error, not_found} ->
-                {404, error_msg('NOT_FOUND',<<"bridge not found">>)}
-        end);
-
+                {404, error_msg('NOT_FOUND', <<"bridge not found">>)}
+        end
+    );
 '/bridges/:id'(delete, #{bindings := #{id := Id}}) ->
-    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id,
-        case emqx_conf:remove(emqx_bridge:config_key_path() ++ [BridgeType, BridgeName],
-                #{override_to => cluster}) of
+    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
+        Id,
+        case
+            emqx_conf:remove(
+                emqx_bridge:config_key_path() ++ [BridgeType, BridgeName],
+                #{override_to => cluster}
+            )
+        of
             {ok, _} -> {204};
-            {error, Reason} ->
-                {500, error_msg('INTERNAL_ERROR', Reason)}
-        end).
+            {error, Reason} -> {500, error_msg('INTERNAL_ERROR', Reason)}
+        end
+    ).
 
 '/bridges/:id/reset_metrics'(put, #{bindings := #{id := Id}}) ->
-    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id,
+    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
+        Id,
         case emqx_bridge:reset_metrics(emqx_bridge:resource_id(BridgeType, BridgeName)) of
             ok -> {200, <<"Reset success">>};
             Reason -> {400, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', Reason)}
-        end).
+        end
+    ).
 
 lookup_from_all_nodes(BridgeType, BridgeName, SuccCode) ->
     Nodes = mria_mnesia:running_nodes(),
@@ -407,40 +454,58 @@ lookup_from_local_node(BridgeType, BridgeName) ->
         Error -> Error
     end.
 
-'/bridges/:id/operation/:operation'(post, #{bindings :=
-        #{id := Id, operation := Op}}) ->
-    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id, case operation_func(Op) of
-        invalid -> {400, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', <<"invalid operation">>)};
-        OperFunc when OperFunc == enable; OperFunc == disable ->
-            case emqx_conf:update(emqx_bridge:config_key_path() ++ [BridgeType, BridgeName],
-                    {OperFunc, BridgeType, BridgeName}, #{override_to => cluster}) of
-                {ok, _} -> {200};
-                {error, {pre_config_update, _, bridge_not_found}} ->
-                    {404, error_msg('NOT_FOUND', <<"bridge not found">>)};
-                {error, Reason} ->
-                    {500, error_msg('INTERNAL_ERROR', Reason)}
-            end;
-        OperFunc ->
-            Nodes = mria_mnesia:running_nodes(),
-            operation_to_all_nodes(Nodes, OperFunc, BridgeType, BridgeName)
-    end).
+'/bridges/:id/operation/:operation'(post, #{
+    bindings :=
+        #{id := Id, operation := Op}
+}) ->
+    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
+        Id,
+        case operation_func(Op) of
+            invalid ->
+                {400, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', <<"invalid operation">>)};
+            OperFunc when OperFunc == enable; OperFunc == disable ->
+                case
+                    emqx_conf:update(
+                        emqx_bridge:config_key_path() ++ [BridgeType, BridgeName],
+                        {OperFunc, BridgeType, BridgeName},
+                        #{override_to => cluster}
+                    )
+                of
+                    {ok, _} ->
+                        {200};
+                    {error, {pre_config_update, _, bridge_not_found}} ->
+                        {404, error_msg('NOT_FOUND', <<"bridge not found">>)};
+                    {error, Reason} ->
+                        {500, error_msg('INTERNAL_ERROR', Reason)}
+                end;
+            OperFunc ->
+                Nodes = mria_mnesia:running_nodes(),
+                operation_to_all_nodes(Nodes, OperFunc, BridgeType, BridgeName)
+        end
+    ).
 
-'/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation'(post, #{bindings :=
-        #{id := Id, operation := Op}}) ->
-    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id, case operation_func(Op) of
-        invalid -> {400, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', <<"invalid operation">>)};
-        OperFunc when OperFunc == restart; OperFunc == stop ->
-             ConfMap = emqx:get_config([bridges, BridgeType, BridgeName]),
-             case maps:get(enable, ConfMap, false) of
-                 false -> {403, error_msg('FORBIDDEN_REQUEST', <<"forbidden operation">>)};
-                 true ->
-                     case emqx_bridge:OperFunc(BridgeType, BridgeName) of
-                         ok -> {200};
-                         {error, Reason} ->
-                             {500, error_msg('INTERNAL_ERROR', Reason)}
-                     end
-             end
-    end).
+'/nodes/:node/bridges/:id/operation/:operation'(post, #{
+    bindings :=
+        #{id := Id, operation := Op}
+}) ->
+    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
+        Id,
+        case operation_func(Op) of
+            invalid ->
+                {400, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', <<"invalid operation">>)};
+            OperFunc when OperFunc == restart; OperFunc == stop ->
+                ConfMap = emqx:get_config([bridges, BridgeType, BridgeName]),
+                case maps:get(enable, ConfMap, false) of
+                    false ->
+                        {403, error_msg('FORBIDDEN_REQUEST', <<"forbidden operation">>)};
+                    true ->
+                        case emqx_bridge:OperFunc(BridgeType, BridgeName) of
+                            ok -> {200};
+                            {error, Reason} -> {500, error_msg('INTERNAL_ERROR', Reason)}
+                        end
+                end
+        end
+    ).
 
 operation_func(<<"stop">>) -> stop;
 operation_func(<<"restart">>) -> restart;
@@ -449,10 +514,11 @@ operation_func(<<"disable">>) -> disable;
 operation_func(_) -> invalid.
 
 operation_to_all_nodes(Nodes, OperFunc, BridgeType, BridgeName) ->
-    RpcFunc = case OperFunc of
-        restart -> restart_bridges_to_all_nodes;
-        stop -> stop_bridges_to_all_nodes
-    end,
+    RpcFunc =
+        case OperFunc of
+            restart -> restart_bridges_to_all_nodes;
+            stop -> stop_bridges_to_all_nodes
+        end,
     case is_ok(emqx_bridge_proto_v1:RpcFunc(Nodes, BridgeType, BridgeName)) of
         {ok, _} ->
             {200};
@@ -461,48 +527,70 @@ operation_to_all_nodes(Nodes, OperFunc, BridgeType, BridgeName) ->
     end.
 
 ensure_bridge_created(BridgeType, BridgeName, Conf) ->
-    case emqx_conf:update(emqx_bridge:config_key_path() ++ [BridgeType, BridgeName],
-            Conf, #{override_to => cluster}) of
+    case
+        emqx_conf:update(
+            emqx_bridge:config_key_path() ++ [BridgeType, BridgeName],
+            Conf,
+            #{override_to => cluster}
+        )
+    of
         {ok, _} -> ok;
-        {error, Reason} ->
-            {error, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', Reason)}
+        {error, Reason} -> {error, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', Reason)}
     end.
 
 zip_bridges([BridgesFirstNode | _] = BridgesAllNodes) ->
-    lists:foldl(fun(#{type := Type, name := Name}, Acc) ->
+    lists:foldl(
+        fun(#{type := Type, name := Name}, Acc) ->
             Bridges = pick_bridges_by_id(Type, Name, BridgesAllNodes),
             [format_bridge_info(Bridges) | Acc]
-        end, [], BridgesFirstNode).
+        end,
+        [],
+        BridgesFirstNode
+    ).
 
 pick_bridges_by_id(Type, Name, BridgesAllNodes) ->
-    lists:foldl(fun(BridgesOneNode, Acc) ->
-            case [Bridge || Bridge = #{type := Type0, name := Name0} <- BridgesOneNode,
-                    Type0 == Type, Name0 == Name] of
-                [BridgeInfo] -> [BridgeInfo | Acc];
+    lists:foldl(
+        fun(BridgesOneNode, Acc) ->
+            case
+                [
+                    Bridge
+                 || Bridge = #{type := Type0, name := Name0} <- BridgesOneNode,
+                    Type0 == Type,
+                    Name0 == Name
+                ]
+            of
+                [BridgeInfo] ->
+                    [BridgeInfo | Acc];
                 [] ->
-                    ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "bridge_inconsistent_in_cluster",
-                                     bridge => emqx_bridge:bridge_id(Type, Name)}),
+                    ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                        msg => "bridge_inconsistent_in_cluster",
+                        bridge => emqx_bridge:bridge_id(Type, Name)
+                    }),
                     Acc
             end
-        end, [], BridgesAllNodes).
+        end,
+        [],
+        BridgesAllNodes
+    ).
 
 format_bridge_info([FirstBridge | _] = Bridges) ->
     Res = maps:remove(node, FirstBridge),
     NodeStatus = collect_status(Bridges),
     NodeMetrics = collect_metrics(Bridges),
-    Res#{ status => aggregate_status(NodeStatus)
-        , node_status => NodeStatus
-        , metrics => aggregate_metrics(NodeMetrics)
-        , node_metrics => NodeMetrics
-        }.
+    Res#{
+        status => aggregate_status(NodeStatus),
+        node_status => NodeStatus,
+        metrics => aggregate_metrics(NodeMetrics),
+        node_metrics => NodeMetrics
+    }.
 
 collect_status(Bridges) ->
     [maps:with([node, status], B) || B <- Bridges].
 
 aggregate_status(AllStatus) ->
-    Head = fun ([A | _]) -> A end,
+    Head = fun([A | _]) -> A end,
     HeadVal = maps:get(status, Head(AllStatus), connecting),
-    AllRes = lists:all(fun (#{status := Val}) -> Val == HeadVal end, AllStatus),
+    AllRes = lists:all(fun(#{status := Val}) -> Val == HeadVal end, AllStatus),
     case AllRes of
         true -> HeadVal;
         false -> inconsistent
@@ -512,15 +600,31 @@ collect_metrics(Bridges) ->
     [maps:with([node, metrics], B) || B <- Bridges].
 
 aggregate_metrics(AllMetrics) ->
-    InitMetrics = ?METRICS(0,0,0,0,0,0),
-    lists:foldl(fun(#{metrics := ?metrics(Match1, Succ1, Failed1, Rate1, Rate5m1, RateMax1)},
-                    ?metrics(Match0, Succ0, Failed0, Rate0, Rate5m0, RateMax0)) ->
-            ?METRICS(Match1 + Match0, Succ1 + Succ0, Failed1 + Failed0,
-                     Rate1 + Rate0, Rate5m1 + Rate5m0, RateMax1 + RateMax0)
-        end, InitMetrics, AllMetrics).
+    InitMetrics = ?METRICS(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+    lists:foldl(
+        fun(
+            #{metrics := ?metrics(Match1, Succ1, Failed1, Rate1, Rate5m1, RateMax1)},
+            ?metrics(Match0, Succ0, Failed0, Rate0, Rate5m0, RateMax0)
+        ) ->
+            ?METRICS(
+                Match1 + Match0,
+                Succ1 + Succ0,
+                Failed1 + Failed0,
+                Rate1 + Rate0,
+                Rate5m1 + Rate5m0,
+                RateMax1 + RateMax0
+            )
+        end,
+        InitMetrics,
+        AllMetrics
+    ).
 
-format_resp(#{type := Type, name := BridgeName, raw_config := RawConf,
-              resource_data := #{status := Status, metrics := Metrics}}) ->
+format_resp(#{
+    type := Type,
+    name := BridgeName,
+    raw_config := RawConf,
+    resource_data := #{status := Status, metrics := Metrics}
+}) ->
     RawConfFull = fill_defaults(Type, RawConf),
     RawConfFull#{
         type => Type,
@@ -531,10 +635,11 @@ format_resp(#{type := Type, name := BridgeName, raw_config := RawConf,
     }.
 
 format_metrics(#{
-        counters := #{failed := Failed, exception := Ex, matched := Match, success := Succ},
-        rate := #{
-            matched := #{current := Rate, last5m := Rate5m, max := RateMax}
-        } }) ->
+    counters := #{failed := Failed, exception := Ex, matched := Match, success := Succ},
+    rate := #{
+        matched := #{current := Rate, last5m := Rate5m, max := RateMax}
+    }
+}) ->
     ?METRICS(Match, Succ, Failed + Ex, Rate, Rate5m, RateMax).
 
 fill_defaults(Type, RawConf) ->
@@ -551,14 +656,31 @@ unpack_bridge_conf(Type, PackedConf) ->
     RawConf.
 
 is_ok(ResL) ->
-    case lists:filter(fun({ok, _}) -> false; (ok) -> false; (_) -> true end, ResL) of
+    case
+        lists:filter(
+            fun
+                ({ok, _}) -> false;
+                (ok) -> false;
+                (_) -> true
+            end,
+            ResL
+        )
+    of
         [] -> {ok, [Res || {ok, Res} <- ResL]};
         ErrL -> {error, ErrL}
     end.
 
 filter_out_request_body(Conf) ->
-    ExtraConfs = [<<"id">>, <<"type">>, <<"name">>, <<"status">>, <<"node_status">>,
-        <<"node_metrics">>, <<"metrics">>, <<"node">>],
+    ExtraConfs = [
+        <<"id">>,
+        <<"type">>,
+        <<"name">>,
+        <<"status">>,
+        <<"node_status">>,
+        <<"node_metrics">>,
+        <<"metrics">>,
+        <<"node">>
+    ],
     maps:without(ExtraConfs, Conf).
 
 error_msg(Code, Msg) when is_binary(Msg) ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_app.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_app.erl
index 99b2c4a84..3fc4d57ba 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_app.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_app.erl
@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@
 
 -export([start/2, stop/1]).
 
--export([ pre_config_update/3
-        , post_config_update/5
-        ]).
+-export([
+    pre_config_update/3,
+    post_config_update/5
+]).
 
 -define(TOP_LELVE_HDLR_PATH, (emqx_bridge:config_key_path())).
 -define(LEAF_NODE_HDLR_PATH, (emqx_bridge:config_key_path() ++ ['?', '?'])).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_http_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_http_schema.erl
index 3bf4e8160..ff1ab2c05 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_http_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_http_schema.erl
@@ -15,45 +15,66 @@ roots() -> [].
 
 fields("config") ->
     basic_config() ++
-    [ {url, mk(binary(),
-          #{ required => true
-           , desc => ?DESC("config_url")
-           })}
-    , {local_topic, mk(binary(),
-          #{ desc => ?DESC("config_local_topic")
-           })}
-    , {method, mk(method(),
-          #{ default => post
-           , desc => ?DESC("config_method")
-           })}
-    , {headers, mk(map(),
-          #{ default => #{
-                <<"accept">> => <<"application/json">>,
-                <<"cache-control">> => <<"no-cache">>,
-                <<"connection">> => <<"keep-alive">>,
-                <<"content-type">> => <<"application/json">>,
-                <<"keep-alive">> => <<"timeout=5">>}
-           , desc => ?DESC("config_headers")
-           })
-      }
-    , {body, mk(binary(),
-          #{ default => <<"${payload}">>
-           , desc => ?DESC("config_body")
-           })}
-    , {request_timeout, mk(emqx_schema:duration_ms(),
-          #{ default => <<"15s">>
-           , desc => ?DESC("config_request_timeout")
-           })}
-    ];
-
+        [
+            {url,
+                mk(
+                    binary(),
+                    #{
+                        required => true,
+                        desc => ?DESC("config_url")
+                    }
+                )},
+            {local_topic,
+                mk(
+                    binary(),
+                    #{desc => ?DESC("config_local_topic")}
+                )},
+            {method,
+                mk(
+                    method(),
+                    #{
+                        default => post,
+                        desc => ?DESC("config_method")
+                    }
+                )},
+            {headers,
+                mk(
+                    map(),
+                    #{
+                        default => #{
+                            <<"accept">> => <<"application/json">>,
+                            <<"cache-control">> => <<"no-cache">>,
+                            <<"connection">> => <<"keep-alive">>,
+                            <<"content-type">> => <<"application/json">>,
+                            <<"keep-alive">> => <<"timeout=5">>
+                        },
+                        desc => ?DESC("config_headers")
+                    }
+                )},
+            {body,
+                mk(
+                    binary(),
+                    #{
+                        default => <<"${payload}">>,
+                        desc => ?DESC("config_body")
+                    }
+                )},
+            {request_timeout,
+                mk(
+                    emqx_schema:duration_ms(),
+                    #{
+                        default => <<"15s">>,
+                        desc => ?DESC("config_request_timeout")
+                    }
+                )}
+        ];
 fields("post") ->
-    [ type_field()
-    , name_field()
+    [
+        type_field(),
+        name_field()
     ] ++ fields("config");
-
 fields("put") ->
     fields("config");
-
 fields("get") ->
     emqx_bridge_schema:metrics_status_fields() ++ fields("post").
 
@@ -65,32 +86,47 @@ desc(_) ->
     undefined.
 
 basic_config() ->
-    [ {enable,
-        mk(boolean(),
-           #{ desc => ?DESC("config_enable")
-            , default => true
-            })}
-    , {direction,
-        mk(egress,
-           #{ desc => ?DESC("config_direction")
-            , default => egress
-            })}
-    ]
-    ++ proplists:delete(base_url, emqx_connector_http:fields(config)).
+    [
+        {enable,
+            mk(
+                boolean(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("config_enable"),
+                    default => true
+                }
+            )},
+        {direction,
+            mk(
+                egress,
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("config_direction"),
+                    default => egress
+                }
+            )}
+    ] ++
+        proplists:delete(base_url, emqx_connector_http:fields(config)).
 
 %%======================================================================================
 
 type_field() ->
-    {type, mk(http,
-        #{ required => true
-         , desc => ?DESC("desc_type")
-         })}.
+    {type,
+        mk(
+            http,
+            #{
+                required => true,
+                desc => ?DESC("desc_type")
+            }
+        )}.
 
 name_field() ->
-    {name, mk(binary(),
-        #{ required => true
-         , desc => ?DESC("desc_name")
-         })}.
+    {name,
+        mk(
+            binary(),
+            #{
+                required => true,
+                desc => ?DESC("desc_name")
+            }
+        )}.
 
 method() ->
     enum([post, put, get, delete]).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_monitor.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_monitor.erl
index 8de216974..b9a22bb8c 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_monitor.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_monitor.erl
@@ -22,17 +22,20 @@
 -include_lib("snabbkaffe/include/snabbkaffe.hrl").
 
 %% API functions
--export([ start_link/0
-        , ensure_all_started/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start_link/0,
+    ensure_all_started/1
+]).
 
 %% gen_server callbacks
--export([init/1,
-         handle_call/3,
-         handle_cast/2,
-         handle_info/2,
-         terminate/2,
-         code_change/3]).
+-export([
+    init/1,
+    handle_call/3,
+    handle_cast/2,
+    handle_info/2,
+    terminate/2,
+    code_change/3
+]).
 
 -record(state, {}).
 
@@ -52,7 +55,6 @@ handle_call(_Request, _From, State) ->
 handle_cast({start_and_monitor, Configs}, State) ->
     ok = load_bridges(Configs),
     {noreply, State};
-
 handle_cast(_Msg, State) ->
     {noreply, State}.
 
@@ -67,13 +69,22 @@ code_change(_OldVsn, State, _Extra) ->
 
 %%============================================================================
 load_bridges(Configs) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun({Type, NamedConf}) ->
-            lists:foreach(fun({Name, Conf}) ->
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun({Type, NamedConf}) ->
+            lists:foreach(
+                fun({Name, Conf}) ->
                     _Res = emqx_bridge:create(Type, Name, Conf),
-                    ?tp(emqx_bridge_monitor_loaded_bridge,
-                        #{ type => Type
-                         , name => Name
-                         , res  => _Res
-                         })
-                end, maps:to_list(NamedConf))
-        end, maps:to_list(Configs)).
+                    ?tp(
+                        emqx_bridge_monitor_loaded_bridge,
+                        #{
+                            type => Type,
+                            name => Name,
+                            res => _Res
+                        }
+                    )
+                end,
+                maps:to_list(NamedConf)
+            )
+        end,
+        maps:to_list(Configs)
+    ).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_mqtt_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_mqtt_schema.erl
index 304df779f..15e24024a 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_mqtt_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_mqtt_schema.erl
@@ -12,31 +12,27 @@
 roots() -> [].
 
 fields("ingress") ->
-    [ emqx_bridge_schema:direction_field(ingress, emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:ingress_desc())
-    ]
-    ++ emqx_bridge_schema:common_bridge_fields()
-    ++ proplists:delete(hookpoint, emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:fields("ingress"));
-
+    [emqx_bridge_schema:direction_field(ingress, emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:ingress_desc())] ++
+        emqx_bridge_schema:common_bridge_fields() ++
+        proplists:delete(hookpoint, emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:fields("ingress"));
 fields("egress") ->
-    [ emqx_bridge_schema:direction_field(egress, emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:egress_desc())
-    ]
-    ++ emqx_bridge_schema:common_bridge_fields()
-    ++ emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:fields("egress");
-
+    [emqx_bridge_schema:direction_field(egress, emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:egress_desc())] ++
+        emqx_bridge_schema:common_bridge_fields() ++
+        emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:fields("egress");
 fields("post_ingress") ->
-    [ type_field()
-    , name_field()
+    [
+        type_field(),
+        name_field()
     ] ++ proplists:delete(enable, fields("ingress"));
 fields("post_egress") ->
-    [ type_field()
-    , name_field()
+    [
+        type_field(),
+        name_field()
     ] ++ proplists:delete(enable, fields("egress"));
-
 fields("put_ingress") ->
     proplists:delete(enable, fields("ingress"));
 fields("put_egress") ->
     proplists:delete(enable, fields("egress"));
-
 fields("get_ingress") ->
     emqx_bridge_schema:metrics_status_fields() ++ fields("post_ingress");
 fields("get_egress") ->
@@ -49,13 +45,21 @@ desc(_) ->
 
 %%======================================================================================
 type_field() ->
-    {type, mk(mqtt,
-        #{ required => true
-         , desc => ?DESC("desc_type")
-         })}.
+    {type,
+        mk(
+            mqtt,
+            #{
+                required => true,
+                desc => ?DESC("desc_type")
+            }
+        )}.
 
 name_field() ->
-    {name, mk(binary(),
-        #{ required => true
-         , desc => ?DESC("desc_name")
-         })}.
+    {name,
+        mk(
+            binary(),
+            #{
+                required => true,
+                desc => ?DESC("desc_name")
+            }
+        )}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_schema.erl
index fd5d68aa1..7c54652ef 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_schema.erl
@@ -7,15 +7,17 @@
 
 -export([roots/0, fields/1, desc/1, namespace/0]).
 
--export([ get_response/0
-        , put_request/0
-        , post_request/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    get_response/0,
+    put_request/0,
+    post_request/0
+]).
 
--export([ common_bridge_fields/0
-        , metrics_status_fields/0
-        , direction_field/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    common_bridge_fields/0,
+    metrics_status_fields/0,
+    direction_field/2
+]).
 
 %%======================================================================================
 %% Hocon Schema Definitions
@@ -34,43 +36,68 @@ post_request() ->
     http_schema("post").
 
 http_schema(Method) ->
-    Schemas = lists:flatmap(fun(Type) ->
-            [ref(schema_mod(Type), Method ++ "_ingress"),
-             ref(schema_mod(Type), Method ++ "_egress")]
-        end, ?CONN_TYPES),
-    hoconsc:union([ref(emqx_bridge_http_schema, Method)
-                   | Schemas]).
+    Schemas = lists:flatmap(
+        fun(Type) ->
+            [
+                ref(schema_mod(Type), Method ++ "_ingress"),
+                ref(schema_mod(Type), Method ++ "_egress")
+            ]
+        end,
+        ?CONN_TYPES
+    ),
+    hoconsc:union([
+        ref(emqx_bridge_http_schema, Method)
+        | Schemas
+    ]).
 
 common_bridge_fields() ->
-    [ {enable,
-        mk(boolean(),
-           #{ desc => ?DESC("desc_enable")
-            , default => true
-            })}
-    , {connector,
-        mk(binary(),
-           #{ required => true
-            , example => <<"mqtt:my_mqtt_connector">>
-            , desc => ?DESC("desc_connector")
-            })}
+    [
+        {enable,
+            mk(
+                boolean(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("desc_enable"),
+                    default => true
+                }
+            )},
+        {connector,
+            mk(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    example => <<"mqtt:my_mqtt_connector">>,
+                    desc => ?DESC("desc_connector")
+                }
+            )}
     ].
 
 metrics_status_fields() ->
-    [ {"metrics", mk(ref(?MODULE, "metrics"), #{desc => ?DESC("desc_metrics")})}
-    , {"node_metrics", mk(hoconsc:array(ref(?MODULE, "node_metrics")),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("desc_node_metrics")})}
-    , {"status", mk(status(), #{desc => ?DESC("desc_status")})}
-    , {"node_status", mk(hoconsc:array(ref(?MODULE, "node_status")),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("desc_node_status")})}
+    [
+        {"metrics", mk(ref(?MODULE, "metrics"), #{desc => ?DESC("desc_metrics")})},
+        {"node_metrics",
+            mk(
+                hoconsc:array(ref(?MODULE, "node_metrics")),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("desc_node_metrics")}
+            )},
+        {"status", mk(status(), #{desc => ?DESC("desc_status")})},
+        {"node_status",
+            mk(
+                hoconsc:array(ref(?MODULE, "node_status")),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("desc_node_status")}
+            )}
     ].
 
 direction_field(Dir, Desc) ->
-    {direction, mk(Dir,
-        #{ required => true
-         , default => egress
-         , desc => "The direction of the bridge. Can be one of 'ingress' or 'egress'.</br>"
-            ++ Desc
-         })}.
+    {direction,
+        mk(
+            Dir,
+            #{
+                required => true,
+                default => egress,
+                desc => "The direction of the bridge. Can be one of 'ingress' or 'egress'.</br>" ++
+                    Desc
+            }
+        )}.
 
 %%======================================================================================
 %% For config files
@@ -80,31 +107,49 @@ namespace() -> "bridge".
 roots() -> [bridges].
 
 fields(bridges) ->
-    [{http, mk(hoconsc:map(name, ref(emqx_bridge_http_schema, "config")),
-               #{desc => ?DESC("bridges_http")})}]
-    ++ [{T, mk(hoconsc:map(name, hoconsc:union([ ref(schema_mod(T), "ingress")
-                                               , ref(schema_mod(T), "egress")
-                                               ])),
-               #{desc => ?DESC("bridges_name")})} || T <- ?CONN_TYPES];
-
+    [
+        {http,
+            mk(
+                hoconsc:map(name, ref(emqx_bridge_http_schema, "config")),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("bridges_http")}
+            )}
+    ] ++
+        [
+            {T,
+                mk(
+                    hoconsc:map(
+                        name,
+                        hoconsc:union([
+                            ref(schema_mod(T), "ingress"),
+                            ref(schema_mod(T), "egress")
+                        ])
+                    ),
+                    #{desc => ?DESC("bridges_name")}
+                )}
+         || T <- ?CONN_TYPES
+        ];
 fields("metrics") ->
-    [ {"matched", mk(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_matched")})}
-    , {"success", mk(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_success")})}
-    , {"failed", mk(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_failed")})}
-    , {"rate", mk(float(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_rate")})}
-    , {"rate_max", mk(float(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_rate_max")})}
-    , {"rate_last5m", mk(float(),
-        #{desc => ?DESC("metric_rate_last5m")})}
+    [
+        {"matched", mk(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_matched")})},
+        {"success", mk(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_success")})},
+        {"failed", mk(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_failed")})},
+        {"rate", mk(float(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_rate")})},
+        {"rate_max", mk(float(), #{desc => ?DESC("metric_rate_max")})},
+        {"rate_last5m",
+            mk(
+                float(),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("metric_rate_last5m")}
+            )}
     ];
-
 fields("node_metrics") ->
-    [ node_name()
-    , {"metrics", mk(ref(?MODULE, "metrics"), #{})}
+    [
+        node_name(),
+        {"metrics", mk(ref(?MODULE, "metrics"), #{})}
     ];
-
 fields("node_status") ->
-    [ node_name()
-    , {"status", mk(status(), #{})}
+    [
+        node_name(),
+        {"status", mk(status(), #{})}
     ].
 
 desc(bridges) ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_sup.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_sup.erl
index 0c73ac585..cce3a066b 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_sup.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/emqx_bridge_sup.erl
@@ -27,15 +27,19 @@ start_link() ->
     supervisor:start_link({local, ?SERVER}, ?MODULE, []).
 
 init([]) ->
-    SupFlags = #{strategy => one_for_one,
-                 intensity => 10,
-                 period => 10},
+    SupFlags = #{
+        strategy => one_for_one,
+        intensity => 10,
+        period => 10
+    },
     ChildSpecs = [
-        #{id => emqx_bridge_monitor,
-          start => {emqx_bridge_monitor, start_link, []},
-          restart => permanent,
-          type => worker,
-          modules => [emqx_bridge_monitor]}
+        #{
+            id => emqx_bridge_monitor,
+            start => {emqx_bridge_monitor, start_link, []},
+            restart => permanent,
+            type => worker,
+            modules => [emqx_bridge_monitor]
+        }
     ],
     {ok, {SupFlags, ChildSpecs}}.
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/proto/emqx_bridge_proto_v1.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/proto/emqx_bridge_proto_v1.erl
index 021074a1c..75060c7c1 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/src/proto/emqx_bridge_proto_v1.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/src/proto/emqx_bridge_proto_v1.erl
@@ -18,13 +18,14 @@
 
 -behaviour(emqx_bpapi).
 
--export([ introduced_in/0
+-export([
+    introduced_in/0,
 
-        , list_bridges/1
-        , lookup_from_all_nodes/3
-        , restart_bridges_to_all_nodes/3
-        , stop_bridges_to_all_nodes/3
-        ]).
+    list_bridges/1,
+    lookup_from_all_nodes/3,
+    restart_bridges_to_all_nodes/3,
+    stop_bridges_to_all_nodes/3
+]).
 
 -include_lib("emqx/include/bpapi.hrl").
 
@@ -40,19 +41,34 @@ list_bridges(Node) ->
 -type key() :: atom() | binary() | [byte()].
 
 -spec restart_bridges_to_all_nodes([node()], key(), key()) ->
-        emqx_rpc:erpc_multicall().
+    emqx_rpc:erpc_multicall().
 restart_bridges_to_all_nodes(Nodes, BridgeType, BridgeName) ->
-    erpc:multicall(Nodes, emqx_bridge, restart,
-        [BridgeType, BridgeName], ?TIMEOUT).
+    erpc:multicall(
+        Nodes,
+        emqx_bridge,
+        restart,
+        [BridgeType, BridgeName],
+        ?TIMEOUT
+    ).
 
 -spec stop_bridges_to_all_nodes([node()], key(), key()) ->
-        emqx_rpc:erpc_multicall().
+    emqx_rpc:erpc_multicall().
 stop_bridges_to_all_nodes(Nodes, BridgeType, BridgeName) ->
-    erpc:multicall(Nodes, emqx_bridge, stop,
-        [BridgeType, BridgeName], ?TIMEOUT).
+    erpc:multicall(
+        Nodes,
+        emqx_bridge,
+        stop,
+        [BridgeType, BridgeName],
+        ?TIMEOUT
+    ).
 
 -spec lookup_from_all_nodes([node()], key(), key()) ->
-        emqx_rpc:erpc_multicall().
+    emqx_rpc:erpc_multicall().
 lookup_from_all_nodes(Nodes, BridgeType, BridgeName) ->
-    erpc:multicall(Nodes, emqx_bridge_api, lookup_from_local_node,
-        [BridgeType, BridgeName], ?TIMEOUT).
+    erpc:multicall(
+        Nodes,
+        emqx_bridge_api,
+        lookup_from_local_node,
+        [BridgeType, BridgeName],
+        ?TIMEOUT
+    ).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_SUITE.erl
index 9aa98de7c..d49c907b7 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_SUITE.erl
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 -include_lib("snabbkaffe/include/snabbkaffe.hrl").
 
 all() ->
-     emqx_common_test_helpers:all(?MODULE).
+    emqx_common_test_helpers:all(?MODULE).
 
 init_per_suite(Config) ->
     %% to avoid inter-suite dependencies
@@ -32,8 +32,12 @@ init_per_suite(Config) ->
     Config.
 
 end_per_suite(_Config) ->
-    emqx_common_test_helpers:stop_apps([emqx, emqx_bridge,
-                                        emqx_resource, emqx_connector]).
+    emqx_common_test_helpers:stop_apps([
+        emqx,
+        emqx_bridge,
+        emqx_resource,
+        emqx_connector
+    ]).
 
 init_per_testcase(t_get_basic_usage_info_1, Config) ->
     setup_fake_telemetry_data(),
@@ -43,13 +47,15 @@ init_per_testcase(_TestCase, Config) ->
 
 end_per_testcase(t_get_basic_usage_info_1, _Config) ->
     lists:foreach(
-      fun({BridgeType, BridgeName}) ->
-              ok = emqx_bridge:remove(BridgeType, BridgeName)
-      end,
-      [ {http, <<"basic_usage_info_http">>}
-      , {http, <<"basic_usage_info_http_disabled">>}
-      , {mqtt, <<"basic_usage_info_mqtt">>}
-      ]),
+        fun({BridgeType, BridgeName}) ->
+            ok = emqx_bridge:remove(BridgeType, BridgeName)
+        end,
+        [
+            {http, <<"basic_usage_info_http">>},
+            {http, <<"basic_usage_info_http_disabled">>},
+            {mqtt, <<"basic_usage_info_mqtt">>}
+        ]
+    ),
     ok = emqx_config:delete_override_conf_files(),
     ok = emqx_config:put([bridges], #{}),
     ok = emqx_config:put_raw([bridges], #{}),
@@ -59,53 +65,68 @@ end_per_testcase(_TestCase, _Config) ->
 
 t_get_basic_usage_info_0(_Config) ->
     ?assertEqual(
-       #{ num_bridges => 0
-        , count_by_type => #{}
+        #{
+            num_bridges => 0,
+            count_by_type => #{}
         },
-       emqx_bridge:get_basic_usage_info()).
+        emqx_bridge:get_basic_usage_info()
+    ).
 
 t_get_basic_usage_info_1(_Config) ->
     BasicUsageInfo = emqx_bridge:get_basic_usage_info(),
     ?assertEqual(
-       #{ num_bridges => 2
-        , count_by_type => #{ http => 1
-                            , mqtt => 1
-                            }
+        #{
+            num_bridges => 2,
+            count_by_type => #{
+                http => 1,
+                mqtt => 1
+            }
         },
-       BasicUsageInfo).
+        BasicUsageInfo
+    ).
 
 setup_fake_telemetry_data() ->
     ConnectorConf =
-        #{<<"connectors">> =>
-              #{<<"mqtt">> => #{<<"my_mqtt_connector">> =>
-                 #{ server => "127.0.0.1:1883" }}}},
-    MQTTConfig = #{ connector => <<"mqtt:my_mqtt_connector">>
-                  , enable => true
-                  , direction => ingress
-                  , remote_topic => <<"aws/#">>
-                  , remote_qos => 1
-                  },
-    HTTPConfig = #{ url => <<"http://localhost:9901/messages/${topic}">>
-                  , enable => true
-                  , direction => egress
-                  , local_topic => "emqx_http/#"
-                  , method => post
-                  , body => <<"${payload}">>
-                  , headers => #{}
-                  , request_timeout => "15s"
-                  },
-    Conf =
-        #{ <<"bridges">> =>
-               #{ <<"http">> =>
-                      #{ <<"basic_usage_info_http">> => HTTPConfig
-                       , <<"basic_usage_info_http_disabled">> =>
-                             HTTPConfig#{enable => false}
-                       }
-                , <<"mqtt">> =>
-                      #{ <<"basic_usage_info_mqtt">> => MQTTConfig
-                       }
+        #{
+            <<"connectors">> =>
+                #{
+                    <<"mqtt">> => #{
+                        <<"my_mqtt_connector">> =>
+                            #{server => "127.0.0.1:1883"}
+                    }
                 }
-         },
+        },
+    MQTTConfig = #{
+        connector => <<"mqtt:my_mqtt_connector">>,
+        enable => true,
+        direction => ingress,
+        remote_topic => <<"aws/#">>,
+        remote_qos => 1
+    },
+    HTTPConfig = #{
+        url => <<"http://localhost:9901/messages/${topic}">>,
+        enable => true,
+        direction => egress,
+        local_topic => "emqx_http/#",
+        method => post,
+        body => <<"${payload}">>,
+        headers => #{},
+        request_timeout => "15s"
+    },
+    Conf =
+        #{
+            <<"bridges">> =>
+                #{
+                    <<"http">> =>
+                        #{
+                            <<"basic_usage_info_http">> => HTTPConfig,
+                            <<"basic_usage_info_http_disabled">> =>
+                                HTTPConfig#{enable => false}
+                        },
+                    <<"mqtt">> =>
+                        #{<<"basic_usage_info_mqtt">> => MQTTConfig}
+                }
+        },
     ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:load_config(emqx_connector_schema, ConnectorConf),
     ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:load_config(emqx_bridge_schema, Conf),
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_api_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_api_SUITE.erl
index 5fea93a94..5142ee5c1 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_api_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_bridge/test/emqx_bridge_api_SUITE.erl
@@ -25,11 +25,15 @@
 -define(CONF_DEFAULT, <<"bridges: {}">>).
 -define(BRIDGE_TYPE, <<"http">>).
 -define(BRIDGE_NAME, <<"test_bridge">>).
--define(URL(PORT, PATH), list_to_binary(
-    io_lib:format("http://localhost:~s/~s",
-                  [integer_to_list(PORT), PATH]))).
--define(HTTP_BRIDGE(URL, TYPE, NAME),
-#{
+-define(URL(PORT, PATH),
+    list_to_binary(
+        io_lib:format(
+            "http://localhost:~s/~s",
+            [integer_to_list(PORT), PATH]
+        )
+    )
+).
+-define(HTTP_BRIDGE(URL, TYPE, NAME), #{
     <<"type">> => TYPE,
     <<"name">> => NAME,
     <<"url">> => URL,
@@ -40,7 +44,6 @@
     <<"headers">> => #{
         <<"content-type">> => <<"application/json">>
     }
-
 }).
 
 all() ->
@@ -50,15 +53,17 @@ groups() ->
     [].
 
 suite() ->
-	[{timetrap,{seconds,60}}].
+    [{timetrap, {seconds, 60}}].
 
 init_per_suite(Config) ->
     _ = application:load(emqx_conf),
     %% some testcases (may from other app) already get emqx_connector started
     _ = application:stop(emqx_resource),
     _ = application:stop(emqx_connector),
-    ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:start_apps([emqx_bridge, emqx_dashboard],
-            fun set_special_configs/1),
+    ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:start_apps(
+        [emqx_bridge, emqx_dashboard],
+        fun set_special_configs/1
+    ),
     ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:load_config(emqx_bridge_schema, ?CONF_DEFAULT),
     Config.
 
@@ -79,9 +84,12 @@ end_per_testcase(_, _Config) ->
     ok.
 
 clear_resources() ->
-    lists:foreach(fun(#{type := Type, name := Name}) ->
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(#{type := Type, name := Name}) ->
             ok = emqx_bridge:remove(Type, Name)
-        end, emqx_bridge:list()).
+        end,
+        emqx_bridge:list()
+    ).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% HTTP server for testing
@@ -95,12 +103,12 @@ start_http_server(HandleFun) ->
     end),
     receive
         {port, Port} -> Port
-    after
-        2000 -> error({timeout, start_http_server})
+    after 2000 -> error({timeout, start_http_server})
     end.
 
 listen_on_random_port() ->
-    Min = 1024, Max = 65000,
+    Min = 1024,
+    Max = 65000,
     Port = rand:uniform(Max - Min) + Min,
     case gen_tcp:listen(Port, [{active, false}, {reuseaddr, true}, binary]) of
         {ok, Sock} -> {Port, Sock};
@@ -109,16 +117,18 @@ listen_on_random_port() ->
 
 loop(Sock, HandleFun, Parent) ->
     {ok, Conn} = gen_tcp:accept(Sock),
-    Handler = spawn(fun () -> HandleFun(Conn, Parent) end),
+    Handler = spawn(fun() -> HandleFun(Conn, Parent) end),
     gen_tcp:controlling_process(Conn, Handler),
     loop(Sock, HandleFun, Parent).
 
 make_response(CodeStr, Str) ->
     B = iolist_to_binary(Str),
     iolist_to_binary(
-      io_lib:fwrite(
-         "HTTP/1.0 ~s\r\nContent-Type: text/html\r\nContent-Length: ~p\r\n\r\n~s",
-         [CodeStr, size(B), B])).
+        io_lib:fwrite(
+            "HTTP/1.0 ~s\r\nContent-Type: text/html\r\nContent-Length: ~p\r\n\r\n~s",
+            [CodeStr, size(B), B]
+        )
+    ).
 
 handle_fun_200_ok(Conn, Parent) ->
     case gen_tcp:recv(Conn, 0) of
@@ -151,18 +161,22 @@ t_http_crud_apis(_) ->
     %% then we add a http bridge, using POST
     %% POST /bridges/ will create a bridge
     URL1 = ?URL(Port, "path1"),
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
-        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL1, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
+        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL1, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)
+    ),
 
     %ct:pal("---bridge: ~p", [Bridge]),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME
-     , <<"status">> := _
-     , <<"node_status">> := [_|_]
-     , <<"metrics">> := _
-     , <<"node_metrics">> := [_|_]
-     , <<"url">> := URL1
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME,
+        <<"status">> := _,
+        <<"node_status">> := [_ | _],
+        <<"metrics">> := _,
+        <<"node_metrics">> := [_ | _],
+        <<"url">> := URL1
+    } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
 
     BridgeID = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME),
     %% send an message to emqx and the message should be forwarded to the HTTP server
@@ -170,49 +184,70 @@ t_http_crud_apis(_) ->
     emqx:publish(emqx_message:make(<<"emqx_http/1">>, Body)),
     ?assert(
         receive
-            {http_server, received, #{method := <<"POST">>, path := <<"/path1">>,
-                    body := Body}} ->
+            {http_server, received, #{
+                method := <<"POST">>,
+                path := <<"/path1">>,
+                body := Body
+            }} ->
                 true;
             Msg ->
                 ct:pal("error: http got unexpected request: ~p", [Msg]),
                 false
         after 100 ->
             false
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
     %% update the request-path of the bridge
     URL2 = ?URL(Port, "path2"),
-    {ok, 200, Bridge2} = request(put, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]),
-                                 ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL2, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE
-                  , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME
-                  , <<"status">> := _
-                  , <<"node_status">> := [_|_]
-                  , <<"metrics">> := _
-                  , <<"node_metrics">> := [_|_]
-                  , <<"url">> := URL2
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge2)),
+    {ok, 200, Bridge2} = request(
+        put,
+        uri(["bridges", BridgeID]),
+        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL2, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME,
+            <<"status">> := _,
+            <<"node_status">> := [_ | _],
+            <<"metrics">> := _,
+            <<"node_metrics">> := [_ | _],
+            <<"url">> := URL2
+        },
+        jsx:decode(Bridge2)
+    ),
 
     %% list all bridges again, assert Bridge2 is in it
     {ok, 200, Bridge2Str} = request(get, uri(["bridges"]), []),
-    ?assertMatch([#{ <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE
-                   , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME
-                   , <<"status">> := _
-                   , <<"node_status">> := [_|_]
-                   , <<"metrics">> := _
-                   , <<"node_metrics">> := [_|_]
-                   , <<"url">> := URL2
-                   }], jsx:decode(Bridge2Str)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        [
+            #{
+                <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE,
+                <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME,
+                <<"status">> := _,
+                <<"node_status">> := [_ | _],
+                <<"metrics">> := _,
+                <<"node_metrics">> := [_ | _],
+                <<"url">> := URL2
+            }
+        ],
+        jsx:decode(Bridge2Str)
+    ),
 
     %% get the bridge by id
     {ok, 200, Bridge3Str} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE
-                  , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME
-                  , <<"status">> := _
-                  , <<"node_status">> := [_|_]
-                  , <<"metrics">> := _
-                  , <<"node_metrics">> := [_|_]
-                  , <<"url">> := URL2
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge3Str)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME,
+            <<"status">> := _,
+            <<"node_status">> := [_ | _],
+            <<"metrics">> := _,
+            <<"node_metrics">> := [_ | _],
+            <<"url">> := URL2
+        },
+        jsx:decode(Bridge3Str)
+    ),
 
     %% send an message to emqx again, check the path has been changed
     emqx:publish(emqx_message:make(<<"emqx_http/1">>, Body)),
@@ -225,25 +260,35 @@ t_http_crud_apis(_) ->
                 false
         after 100 ->
             false
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
 
     %% delete the bridge
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
     {ok, 200, <<"[]">>} = request(get, uri(["bridges"]), []),
 
     %% update a deleted bridge returns an error
-    {ok, 404, ErrMsg2} = request(put, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]),
-                                 ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL2, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)),
+    {ok, 404, ErrMsg2} = request(
+        put,
+        uri(["bridges", BridgeID]),
+        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL2, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)
+    ),
     ?assertMatch(
-        #{ <<"code">> := _
-         , <<"message">> := <<"bridge not found">>
-         }, jsx:decode(ErrMsg2)),
+        #{
+            <<"code">> := _,
+            <<"message">> := <<"bridge not found">>
+        },
+        jsx:decode(ErrMsg2)
+    ),
     ok.
 
 t_start_stop_bridges(_) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun(Type) ->
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(Type) ->
             do_start_stop_bridges(Type)
-        end, [node, cluster]).
+        end,
+        [node, cluster]
+    ).
 
 do_start_stop_bridges(Type) ->
     %% assert we there's no bridges at first
@@ -251,40 +296,40 @@ do_start_stop_bridges(Type) ->
 
     Port = start_http_server(fun handle_fun_200_ok/2),
     URL1 = ?URL(Port, "abc"),
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
-        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL1, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
+        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL1, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)
+    ),
     %ct:pal("the bridge ==== ~p", [Bridge]),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME
-     , <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-     , <<"node_status">> := [_|_]
-     , <<"metrics">> := _
-     , <<"node_metrics">> := [_|_]
-     , <<"url">> := URL1
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME,
+        <<"status">> := <<"connected">>,
+        <<"node_status">> := [_ | _],
+        <<"metrics">> := _,
+        <<"node_metrics">> := [_ | _],
+        <<"url">> := URL1
+    } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeID = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME),
     %% stop it
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(Type, stop, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     {ok, 200, Bridge2} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"disconnected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge2)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"disconnected">>}, jsx:decode(Bridge2)),
     %% start again
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(Type, restart, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     {ok, 200, Bridge3} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge3)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"connected">>}, jsx:decode(Bridge3)),
     %% restart an already started bridge
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(Type, restart, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     {ok, 200, Bridge3} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge3)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"connected">>}, jsx:decode(Bridge3)),
     %% stop it again
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(Type, stop, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     %% restart a stopped bridge
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(Type, restart, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     {ok, 200, Bridge4} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge4)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"connected">>}, jsx:decode(Bridge4)),
     %% delete the bridge
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
     {ok, 200, <<"[]">>} = request(get, uri(["bridges"]), []).
@@ -295,33 +340,34 @@ t_enable_disable_bridges(_) ->
 
     Port = start_http_server(fun handle_fun_200_ok/2),
     URL1 = ?URL(Port, "abc"),
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
-        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL1, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
+        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL1, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)
+    ),
     %ct:pal("the bridge ==== ~p", [Bridge]),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME
-     , <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-     , <<"node_status">> := [_|_]
-     , <<"metrics">> := _
-     , <<"node_metrics">> := [_|_]
-     , <<"url">> := URL1
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME,
+        <<"status">> := <<"connected">>,
+        <<"node_status">> := [_ | _],
+        <<"metrics">> := _,
+        <<"node_metrics">> := [_ | _],
+        <<"url">> := URL1
+    } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeID = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME),
     %% disable it
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(cluster, disable, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     {ok, 200, Bridge2} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"disconnected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge2)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"disconnected">>}, jsx:decode(Bridge2)),
     %% enable again
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(cluster, enable, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     {ok, 200, Bridge3} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge3)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"connected">>}, jsx:decode(Bridge3)),
     %% enable an already started bridge
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(cluster, enable, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     {ok, 200, Bridge3} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge3)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"connected">>}, jsx:decode(Bridge3)),
     %% disable it again
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(cluster, disable, BridgeID), <<"">>),
 
@@ -331,8 +377,7 @@ t_enable_disable_bridges(_) ->
     %% enable a stopped bridge
     {ok, 200, <<>>} = request(post, operation_path(cluster, enable, BridgeID), <<"">>),
     {ok, 200, Bridge4} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(Bridge4)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"connected">>}, jsx:decode(Bridge4)),
     %% delete the bridge
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeID]), []),
     {ok, 200, <<"[]">>} = request(get, uri(["bridges"]), []).
@@ -343,17 +388,21 @@ t_reset_bridges(_) ->
 
     Port = start_http_server(fun handle_fun_200_ok/2),
     URL1 = ?URL(Port, "abc"),
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
-        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL1, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
+        ?HTTP_BRIDGE(URL1, ?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME)
+    ),
     %ct:pal("the bridge ==== ~p", [Bridge]),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME
-     , <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-     , <<"node_status">> := [_|_]
-     , <<"metrics">> := _
-     , <<"node_metrics">> := [_|_]
-     , <<"url">> := URL1
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?BRIDGE_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME,
+        <<"status">> := <<"connected">>,
+        <<"node_status">> := [_ | _],
+        <<"metrics">> := _,
+        <<"node_metrics">> := [_ | _],
+        <<"url">> := URL1
+    } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeID = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?BRIDGE_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME),
     {ok, 200, <<"Reset success">>} = request(put, uri(["bridges", BridgeID, "reset_metrics"]), []),
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/include/emqx_connector.hrl b/apps/emqx_connector/include/emqx_connector.hrl
index f0e07166d..ec7c2cd5e 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/include/emqx_connector.hrl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/include/emqx_connector.hrl
@@ -24,13 +24,16 @@
 -define(REDIS_DEFAULT_PORT, 6379).
 -define(PGSQL_DEFAULT_PORT, 5432).
 
--define(SERVERS_DESC, "A Node list for Cluster to connect to. The nodes should be separated with commas, such as: `Node[,Node].`
-For each Node should be: ").
+-define(SERVERS_DESC,
+    "A Node list for Cluster to connect to. The nodes should be separated with commas, such as: `Node[,Node].`\n"
+    "For each Node should be: "
+).
 
--define(SERVER_DESC(TYPE, DEFAULT_PORT), "
-The IPv4 or IPv6 address or the hostname to connect to.</br>
-A host entry has the following form: `Host[:Port]`.</br>
-The " ++ TYPE ++ " default port " ++ DEFAULT_PORT ++ " is used if `[:Port]` is not specified."
+-define(SERVER_DESC(TYPE, DEFAULT_PORT),
+    "\n"
+    "The IPv4 or IPv6 address or the hostname to connect to.</br>\n"
+    "A host entry has the following form: `Host[:Port]`.</br>\n"
+    "The " ++ TYPE ++ " default port " ++ DEFAULT_PORT ++ " is used if `[:Port]` is not specified."
 ).
 
 -define(THROW_ERROR(Str), erlang:throw({error, Str})).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/rebar.config b/apps/emqx_connector/rebar.config
index 5467c5261..a6fd0c77e 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/rebar.config
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/rebar.config
@@ -1,30 +1,32 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
 
 {erl_opts, [
-  nowarn_unused_import,
-  debug_info
+    nowarn_unused_import,
+    debug_info
 ]}.
 
 {deps, [
-  {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}},
-  {eldap2, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/eldap2", {tag, "v0.2.2"}}},
-  {mysql, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/mysql-otp", {tag, "1.7.1"}}},
-  {epgsql, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/epgsql", {tag, "4.7-emqx.2"}}},
-  %% NOTE: mind poolboy version when updating mongodb-erlang version
-  {mongodb, {git,"https://github.com/emqx/mongodb-erlang", {tag, "v3.0.13"}}},
-  %% NOTE: mind poolboy version when updating eredis_cluster version
-  {eredis_cluster, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/eredis_cluster", {tag, "0.7.1"}}},
-  %% mongodb-erlang uses a special fork https://github.com/comtihon/poolboy.git
-  %% (which has overflow_ttl feature added).
-  %% However, it references `{branch, "master}` (commit 9c06a9a on 2021-04-07).
-  %% By accident, We have always been using the upstream fork due to
-  %% eredis_cluster's dependency getting resolved earlier.
-  %% Here we pin 1.5.2 to avoid surprises in the future.
-  {poolboy, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/poolboy.git", {tag, "1.5.2"}}},
-  {emqtt, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/emqtt", {tag, "1.5.0"}}}
+    {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}},
+    {eldap2, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/eldap2", {tag, "v0.2.2"}}},
+    {mysql, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/mysql-otp", {tag, "1.7.1"}}},
+    {epgsql, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/epgsql", {tag, "4.7-emqx.2"}}},
+    %% NOTE: mind poolboy version when updating mongodb-erlang version
+    {mongodb, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/mongodb-erlang", {tag, "v3.0.13"}}},
+    %% NOTE: mind poolboy version when updating eredis_cluster version
+    {eredis_cluster, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/eredis_cluster", {tag, "0.7.1"}}},
+    %% mongodb-erlang uses a special fork https://github.com/comtihon/poolboy.git
+    %% (which has overflow_ttl feature added).
+    %% However, it references `{branch, "master}` (commit 9c06a9a on 2021-04-07).
+    %% By accident, We have always been using the upstream fork due to
+    %% eredis_cluster's dependency getting resolved earlier.
+    %% Here we pin 1.5.2 to avoid surprises in the future.
+    {poolboy, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/poolboy.git", {tag, "1.5.2"}}},
+    {emqtt, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/emqtt", {tag, "1.5.0"}}}
 ]}.
 
 {shell, [
-  % {config, "config/sys.config"},
+    % {config, "config/sys.config"},
     {apps, [emqx_connector]}
 ]}.
+
+{project_plugins, [erlfmt]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector.app.src b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector.app.src
index d83d16764..fd804f6c5 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector.app.src
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector.app.src
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
-{application, emqx_connector,
- [{description, "An OTP application"},
-  {vsn, "0.1.1"},
-  {registered, []},
-  {mod, {emqx_connector_app, []}},
-  {applications,
-   [kernel,
-    stdlib,
-    ecpool,
-    emqx_resource,
-    eredis_cluster,
-    eredis,
-    epgsql,
-    eldap2,
-    mysql,
-    mongodb,
-    ehttpc,
-    emqx,
-    emqtt
-   ]},
-  {env,[]},
-  {modules, []},
+{application, emqx_connector, [
+    {description, "An OTP application"},
+    {vsn, "0.1.1"},
+    {registered, []},
+    {mod, {emqx_connector_app, []}},
+    {applications, [
+        kernel,
+        stdlib,
+        ecpool,
+        emqx_resource,
+        eredis_cluster,
+        eredis,
+        epgsql,
+        eldap2,
+        mysql,
+        mongodb,
+        ehttpc,
+        emqx,
+        emqtt
+    ]},
+    {env, []},
+    {modules, []},
 
-  {licenses, ["Apache 2.0"]},
-  {links, []}
- ]}.
+    {licenses, ["Apache 2.0"]},
+    {links, []}
+]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector.erl
index fbb89e8e7..aefff666a 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector.erl
@@ -15,24 +15,27 @@
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 -module(emqx_connector).
 
--export([ config_key_path/0
-        , pre_config_update/3
-        , post_config_update/5
-        ]).
+-export([
+    config_key_path/0,
+    pre_config_update/3,
+    post_config_update/5
+]).
 
--export([ parse_connector_id/1
-        , connector_id/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    parse_connector_id/1,
+    connector_id/2
+]).
 
--export([ list_raw/0
-        , lookup_raw/1
-        , lookup_raw/2
-        , create_dry_run/2
-        , update/2
-        , update/3
-        , delete/1
-        , delete/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    list_raw/0,
+    lookup_raw/1,
+    lookup_raw/2,
+    create_dry_run/2,
+    update/2,
+    update/3,
+    delete/1,
+    delete/2
+]).
 
 config_key_path() ->
     [connectors].
@@ -53,19 +56,27 @@ post_config_update([connectors, Type, Name] = Path, '$remove', _, OldConf, _AppE
             throw({dependency_bridges_exist, emqx_bridge:bridge_id(BType, BName)})
         end),
         _ = emqx_connector_ssl:clear_certs(filename:join(Path), OldConf)
-    catch throw:Error -> {error, Error}
+    catch
+        throw:Error -> {error, Error}
     end;
 post_config_update([connectors, Type, Name], _Req, NewConf, OldConf, _AppEnvs) ->
     ConnId = connector_id(Type, Name),
-    foreach_linked_bridges(ConnId,
+    foreach_linked_bridges(
+        ConnId,
         fun(#{type := BType, name := BName}) ->
             BridgeConf = emqx:get_config([bridges, BType, BName]),
-            case emqx_bridge:update(BType, BName, {BridgeConf#{connector => OldConf},
-                    BridgeConf#{connector => NewConf}}) of
+            case
+                emqx_bridge:update(
+                    BType,
+                    BName,
+                    {BridgeConf#{connector => OldConf}, BridgeConf#{connector => NewConf}}
+                )
+            of
                 ok -> ok;
                 {error, Reason} -> error({update_bridge_error, Reason})
             end
-        end).
+        end
+    ).
 
 connector_id(Type0, Name0) ->
     Type = bin(Type0),
@@ -80,13 +91,22 @@ parse_connector_id(ConnectorId) ->
 
 list_raw() ->
     case get_raw_connector_conf() of
-        not_found -> [];
+        not_found ->
+            [];
         Config ->
-            lists:foldl(fun({Type, NameAndConf}, Connectors) ->
-                lists:foldl(fun({Name, RawConf}, Acc) ->
-                        [RawConf#{<<"type">> => Type, <<"name">> => Name} | Acc]
-                    end, Connectors, maps:to_list(NameAndConf))
-            end, [], maps:to_list(Config))
+            lists:foldl(
+                fun({Type, NameAndConf}, Connectors) ->
+                    lists:foldl(
+                        fun({Name, RawConf}, Acc) ->
+                            [RawConf#{<<"type">> => Type, <<"name">> => Name} | Acc]
+                        end,
+                        Connectors,
+                        maps:to_list(NameAndConf)
+                    )
+                end,
+                [],
+                maps:to_list(Config)
+            )
     end.
 
 lookup_raw(Id) when is_binary(Id) ->
@@ -96,7 +116,8 @@ lookup_raw(Id) when is_binary(Id) ->
 lookup_raw(Type, Name) ->
     Path = [bin(P) || P <- [Type, Name]],
     case get_raw_connector_conf() of
-        not_found -> {error, not_found};
+        not_found ->
+            {error, not_found};
         Conf ->
             case emqx_map_lib:deep_get(Path, Conf, not_found) of
                 not_found -> {error, not_found};
@@ -123,7 +144,8 @@ delete(Type, Name) ->
 
 get_raw_connector_conf() ->
     case emqx:get_raw_config(config_key_path(), not_found) of
-        not_found -> not_found;
+        not_found ->
+            not_found;
         RawConf ->
             #{<<"connectors">> := Conf} =
                 emqx_config:fill_defaults(#{<<"connectors">> => RawConf}),
@@ -135,8 +157,12 @@ bin(Str) when is_list(Str) -> list_to_binary(Str);
 bin(Atom) when is_atom(Atom) -> atom_to_binary(Atom, utf8).
 
 foreach_linked_bridges(ConnId, Do) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun
-        (#{raw_config := #{<<"connector">> := ConnId0}} = Bridge) when ConnId0 == ConnId ->
-            Do(Bridge);
-        (_) -> ok
-    end, emqx_bridge:list()).
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun
+            (#{raw_config := #{<<"connector">> := ConnId0}} = Bridge) when ConnId0 == ConnId ->
+                Do(Bridge);
+            (_) ->
+                ok
+        end,
+        emqx_bridge:list()
+    ).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_api.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_api.erl
index 4aa710c79..8fb4f596d 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_api.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_api.erl
@@ -40,9 +40,14 @@
             EXPR
     catch
         error:{invalid_connector_id, Id0} ->
-            {400, #{code => 'INVALID_ID', message => <<"invalid_connector_id: ", Id0/binary,
-                ". Connector Ids must be of format {type}:{name}">>}}
-    end).
+            {400, #{
+                code => 'INVALID_ID',
+                message =>
+                    <<"invalid_connector_id: ", Id0/binary,
+                        ". Connector Ids must be of format {type}:{name}">>
+            }}
+    end
+).
 
 namespace() -> "connector".
 
@@ -58,21 +63,25 @@ error_schema(Codes, Message) when is_binary(Message) ->
 
 put_request_body_schema() ->
     emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_examples(
-        emqx_connector_schema:put_request(), connector_info_examples(put)).
+        emqx_connector_schema:put_request(), connector_info_examples(put)
+    ).
 
 post_request_body_schema() ->
     emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_examples(
-        emqx_connector_schema:post_request(), connector_info_examples(post)).
+        emqx_connector_schema:post_request(), connector_info_examples(post)
+    ).
 
 get_response_body_schema() ->
     emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_examples(
-        emqx_connector_schema:get_response(), connector_info_examples(get)).
+        emqx_connector_schema:get_response(), connector_info_examples(get)
+    ).
 
 connector_info_array_example(Method) ->
     [Config || #{value := Config} <- maps:values(connector_info_examples(Method))].
 
 connector_info_examples(Method) ->
-    lists:foldl(fun(Type, Acc) ->
+    lists:foldl(
+        fun(Type, Acc) ->
             SType = atom_to_list(Type),
             maps:merge(Acc, #{
                 Type => #{
@@ -80,11 +89,16 @@ connector_info_examples(Method) ->
                     value => info_example(Type, Method)
                 }
             })
-        end, #{}, ?CONN_TYPES).
+        end,
+        #{},
+        ?CONN_TYPES
+    ).
 
 info_example(Type, Method) ->
-    maps:merge(info_example_basic(Type),
-               method_example(Type, Method)).
+    maps:merge(
+        info_example_basic(Type),
+        method_example(Type, Method)
+    ).
 
 method_example(Type, Method) when Method == get; Method == post ->
     SType = atom_to_list(Type),
@@ -115,11 +129,17 @@ info_example_basic(mqtt) ->
     }.
 
 param_path_id() ->
-    [{id, mk(binary(),
-        #{ in => path
-         , example => <<"mqtt:my_mqtt_connector">>
-         , desc => ?DESC("id")
-         })}].
+    [
+        {id,
+            mk(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    in => path,
+                    example => <<"mqtt:my_mqtt_connector">>,
+                    desc => ?DESC("id")
+                }
+            )}
+    ].
 
 schema("/connectors_test") ->
     #{
@@ -135,7 +155,6 @@ schema("/connectors_test") ->
             }
         }
     };
-
 schema("/connectors") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/connectors',
@@ -145,8 +164,9 @@ schema("/connectors") ->
             summary => <<"List connectors">>,
             responses => #{
                 200 => emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_example(
-                            array(emqx_connector_schema:get_response()),
-                            connector_info_array_example(get))
+                    array(emqx_connector_schema:get_response()),
+                    connector_info_array_example(get)
+                )
             }
         },
         post => #{
@@ -160,7 +180,6 @@ schema("/connectors") ->
             }
         }
     };
-
 schema("/connectors/:id") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/connectors/:id',
@@ -185,7 +204,8 @@ schema("/connectors/:id") ->
                 200 => get_response_body_schema(),
                 404 => error_schema(['NOT_FOUND'], "Connector not found"),
                 400 => error_schema(['INVALID_ID'], "Bad connector ID")
-            }},
+            }
+        },
         delete => #{
             tags => [<<"connectors">>],
             desc => ?DESC("conn_id_delete"),
@@ -196,7 +216,8 @@ schema("/connectors/:id") ->
                 403 => error_schema(['DEPENDENCY_EXISTS'], "Cannot remove dependent connector"),
                 404 => error_schema(['NOT_FOUND'], "Delete failed, not found"),
                 400 => error_schema(['INVALID_ID'], "Bad connector ID")
-            }}
+            }
+        }
     }.
 
 '/connectors_test'(post, #{body := #{<<"type">> := ConnType} = Params}) ->
@@ -209,67 +230,83 @@ schema("/connectors/:id") ->
 
 '/connectors'(get, _Request) ->
     {200, [format_resp(Conn) || Conn <- emqx_connector:list_raw()]};
-
 '/connectors'(post, #{body := #{<<"type">> := ConnType, <<"name">> := ConnName} = Params}) ->
     case emqx_connector:lookup_raw(ConnType, ConnName) of
         {ok, _} ->
             {400, error_msg('ALREADY_EXISTS', <<"connector already exists">>)};
         {error, not_found} ->
-            case emqx_connector:update(ConnType, ConnName,
-                    filter_out_request_body(Params)) of
+            case
+                emqx_connector:update(
+                    ConnType,
+                    ConnName,
+                    filter_out_request_body(Params)
+                )
+            of
                 {ok, #{raw_config := RawConf}} ->
-                    {201, format_resp(RawConf#{<<"type">> => ConnType,
-                                               <<"name">> => ConnName})};
+                    {201,
+                        format_resp(RawConf#{
+                            <<"type">> => ConnType,
+                            <<"name">> => ConnName
+                        })};
                 {error, Error} ->
                     {400, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', Error)}
             end
     end;
-
 '/connectors'(post, _) ->
     {400, error_msg('BAD_REQUEST', <<"missing some required fields: [name, type]">>)}.
 
 '/connectors/:id'(get, #{bindings := #{id := Id}}) ->
-    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id,
+    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
+        Id,
         case emqx_connector:lookup_raw(ConnType, ConnName) of
             {ok, Conf} ->
                 {200, format_resp(Conf)};
             {error, not_found} ->
                 {404, error_msg('NOT_FOUND', <<"connector not found">>)}
-        end);
-
+        end
+    );
 '/connectors/:id'(put, #{bindings := #{id := Id}, body := Params0}) ->
     Params = filter_out_request_body(Params0),
-    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id,
+    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
+        Id,
         case emqx_connector:lookup_raw(ConnType, ConnName) of
             {ok, _} ->
                 case emqx_connector:update(ConnType, ConnName, Params) of
                     {ok, #{raw_config := RawConf}} ->
-                        {200, format_resp(RawConf#{<<"type">> => ConnType,
-                                                   <<"name">> => ConnName})};
+                        {200,
+                            format_resp(RawConf#{
+                                <<"type">> => ConnType,
+                                <<"name">> => ConnName
+                            })};
                     {error, Error} ->
                         {500, error_msg('INTERNAL_ERROR', Error)}
                 end;
             {error, not_found} ->
                 {404, error_msg('NOT_FOUND', <<"connector not found">>)}
-        end);
-
+        end
+    );
 '/connectors/:id'(delete, #{bindings := #{id := Id}}) ->
-    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(Id,
+    ?TRY_PARSE_ID(
+        Id,
         case emqx_connector:lookup_raw(ConnType, ConnName) of
             {ok, _} ->
                 case emqx_connector:delete(ConnType, ConnName) of
                     {ok, _} ->
                         {204};
                     {error, {post_config_update, _, {dependency_bridges_exist, BridgeID}}} ->
-                        {403, error_msg('DEPENDENCY_EXISTS',
-                             <<"Cannot remove the connector as it's in use by a bridge: ",
-                                BridgeID/binary>>)};
+                        {403,
+                            error_msg(
+                                'DEPENDENCY_EXISTS',
+                                <<"Cannot remove the connector as it's in use by a bridge: ",
+                                    BridgeID/binary>>
+                            )};
                     {error, Error} ->
                         {500, error_msg('INTERNAL_ERROR', Error)}
                 end;
             {error, not_found} ->
                 {404, error_msg('NOT_FOUND', <<"connector not found">>)}
-        end).
+        end
+    ).
 
 error_msg(Code, Msg) when is_binary(Msg) ->
     #{code => Code, message => Msg};
@@ -277,8 +314,11 @@ error_msg(Code, Msg) ->
     #{code => Code, message => bin(io_lib:format("~p", [Msg]))}.
 
 format_resp(#{<<"type">> := ConnType, <<"name">> := ConnName} = RawConf) ->
-    NumOfBridges = length(emqx_bridge:list_bridges_by_connector(
-        emqx_connector:connector_id(ConnType, ConnName))),
+    NumOfBridges = length(
+        emqx_bridge:list_bridges_by_connector(
+            emqx_connector:connector_id(ConnType, ConnName)
+        )
+    ),
     RawConf#{
         <<"type">> => ConnType,
         <<"name">> => ConnName,
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_http.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_http.erl
index 641e70959..38ddd2c23 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_http.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_http.erl
@@ -25,32 +25,34 @@
 -behaviour(emqx_resource).
 
 %% callbacks of behaviour emqx_resource
--export([ on_start/2
-        , on_stop/2
-        , on_query/4
-        , on_health_check/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_start/2,
+    on_stop/2,
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 -type url() :: emqx_http_lib:uri_map().
 -reflect_type([url/0]).
 -typerefl_from_string({url/0, emqx_http_lib, uri_parse}).
 
--export([ roots/0
-        , fields/1
-        , desc/1
-        , validations/0
-        , namespace/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    roots/0,
+    fields/1,
+    desc/1,
+    validations/0,
+    namespace/0
+]).
 
--export([ check_ssl_opts/2
-        ]).
+-export([check_ssl_opts/2]).
 
 -type connect_timeout() :: emqx_schema:duration() | infinity.
 -type pool_type() :: random | hash.
 
--reflect_type([ connect_timeout/0
-              , pool_type/0
-              ]).
+-reflect_type([
+    connect_timeout/0,
+    pool_type/0
+]).
 
 %%=====================================================================
 %% Hocon schema
@@ -61,63 +63,96 @@ roots() ->
     fields(config).
 
 fields(config) ->
-    [ {base_url,
-       sc(url(),
-          #{ required => true
-           , validator => fun(#{query := _Query}) ->
+    [
+        {base_url,
+            sc(
+                url(),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    validator => fun
+                        (#{query := _Query}) ->
                             {error, "There must be no query in the base_url"};
-                            (_) -> ok
-                          end
-           , desc => ?DESC("base_url")
-           })}
-    , {connect_timeout,
-        sc(emqx_schema:duration_ms(),
-           #{ default => "15s"
-            , desc => ?DESC("connect_timeout")
-            })}
-    , {max_retries,
-        sc(non_neg_integer(),
-           #{ default => 5
-            , desc => ?DESC("max_retries")
-            })}
-    , {retry_interval,
-        sc(emqx_schema:duration(),
-           #{ default => "1s"
-            , desc => ?DESC("retry_interval")
-            })}
-    , {pool_type,
-        sc(pool_type(),
-           #{ default => random
-            , desc => ?DESC("pool_type")
-            })}
-    , {pool_size,
-        sc(pos_integer(),
-           #{ default => 8
-            , desc => ?DESC("pool_size")
-            })}
-    , {enable_pipelining,
-        sc(boolean(),
-           #{ default => true
-            , desc => ?DESC("enable_pipelining")
-            })}
-    , {request, hoconsc:mk(
-        ref("request"),
-        #{ default => undefined
-         , required => false
-         , desc => ?DESC("request")
-         })}
+                        (_) ->
+                            ok
+                    end,
+                    desc => ?DESC("base_url")
+                }
+            )},
+        {connect_timeout,
+            sc(
+                emqx_schema:duration_ms(),
+                #{
+                    default => "15s",
+                    desc => ?DESC("connect_timeout")
+                }
+            )},
+        {max_retries,
+            sc(
+                non_neg_integer(),
+                #{
+                    default => 5,
+                    desc => ?DESC("max_retries")
+                }
+            )},
+        {retry_interval,
+            sc(
+                emqx_schema:duration(),
+                #{
+                    default => "1s",
+                    desc => ?DESC("retry_interval")
+                }
+            )},
+        {pool_type,
+            sc(
+                pool_type(),
+                #{
+                    default => random,
+                    desc => ?DESC("pool_type")
+                }
+            )},
+        {pool_size,
+            sc(
+                pos_integer(),
+                #{
+                    default => 8,
+                    desc => ?DESC("pool_size")
+                }
+            )},
+        {enable_pipelining,
+            sc(
+                boolean(),
+                #{
+                    default => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC("enable_pipelining")
+                }
+            )},
+        {request,
+            hoconsc:mk(
+                ref("request"),
+                #{
+                    default => undefined,
+                    required => false,
+                    desc => ?DESC("request")
+                }
+            )}
     ] ++ emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields();
-
 fields("request") ->
-    [ {method, hoconsc:mk(hoconsc:enum([post, put, get, delete]), #{required => false, desc => ?DESC("method")})}
-    , {path, hoconsc:mk(binary(), #{required => false, desc => ?DESC("path")})}
-    , {body, hoconsc:mk(binary(), #{required => false, desc => ?DESC("body")})}
-    , {headers, hoconsc:mk(map(), #{required => false, desc => ?DESC("headers")})}
-    , {request_timeout,
-        sc(emqx_schema:duration_ms(),
-           #{ required => false
-            , desc => ?DESC("request_timeout")
-            })}
+    [
+        {method,
+            hoconsc:mk(hoconsc:enum([post, put, get, delete]), #{
+                required => false, desc => ?DESC("method")
+            })},
+        {path, hoconsc:mk(binary(), #{required => false, desc => ?DESC("path")})},
+        {body, hoconsc:mk(binary(), #{required => false, desc => ?DESC("body")})},
+        {headers, hoconsc:mk(map(), #{required => false, desc => ?DESC("headers")})},
+        {request_timeout,
+            sc(
+                emqx_schema:duration_ms(),
+                #{
+                    required => false,
+                    desc => ?DESC("request_timeout")
+                }
+            )}
     ].
 
 desc(config) ->
@@ -128,24 +163,34 @@ desc(_) ->
     undefined.
 
 validations() ->
-    [ {check_ssl_opts, fun check_ssl_opts/1} ].
+    [{check_ssl_opts, fun check_ssl_opts/1}].
 
 sc(Type, Meta) -> hoconsc:mk(Type, Meta).
 ref(Field) -> hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, Field).
 
 %% ===================================================================
 
-on_start(InstId, #{base_url := #{scheme := Scheme,
-                                 host := Host,
-                                 port := Port,
-                                 path := BasePath},
-                   connect_timeout := ConnectTimeout,
-                   max_retries := MaxRetries,
-                   retry_interval := RetryInterval,
-                   pool_type := PoolType,
-                   pool_size := PoolSize} = Config) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "starting_http_connector",
-                  connector => InstId, config => Config}),
+on_start(
+    InstId,
+    #{
+        base_url := #{
+            scheme := Scheme,
+            host := Host,
+            port := Port,
+            path := BasePath
+        },
+        connect_timeout := ConnectTimeout,
+        max_retries := MaxRetries,
+        retry_interval := RetryInterval,
+        pool_type := PoolType,
+        pool_size := PoolSize
+    } = Config
+) ->
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "starting_http_connector",
+        connector => InstId,
+        config => Config
+    }),
     {Transport, TransportOpts} =
         case Scheme of
             http ->
@@ -155,16 +200,18 @@ on_start(InstId, #{base_url := #{scheme := Scheme,
                 {tls, SSLOpts}
         end,
     NTransportOpts = emqx_misc:ipv6_probe(TransportOpts),
-    PoolOpts = [ {host, Host}
-               , {port, Port}
-               , {connect_timeout, ConnectTimeout}
-               , {retry, MaxRetries}
-               , {retry_timeout, RetryInterval}
-               , {keepalive, 30000}
-               , {pool_type, PoolType}
-               , {pool_size, PoolSize}
-               , {transport, Transport}
-               , {transport_opts, NTransportOpts}],
+    PoolOpts = [
+        {host, Host},
+        {port, Port},
+        {connect_timeout, ConnectTimeout},
+        {retry, MaxRetries},
+        {retry_timeout, RetryInterval},
+        {keepalive, 30000},
+        {pool_type, PoolType},
+        {pool_size, PoolSize},
+        {transport, Transport},
+        {transport_opts, NTransportOpts}
+    ],
     PoolName = emqx_plugin_libs_pool:pool_name(InstId),
     State = #{
         pool_name => PoolName,
@@ -177,54 +224,84 @@ on_start(InstId, #{base_url := #{scheme := Scheme,
     case ehttpc_sup:start_pool(PoolName, PoolOpts) of
         {ok, _} -> {ok, State};
         {error, {already_started, _}} -> {ok, State};
-        {error, Reason} ->
-            {error, Reason}
+        {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
     end.
 
 on_stop(InstId, #{pool_name := PoolName}) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "stopping_http_connector",
-                  connector => InstId}),
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "stopping_http_connector",
+        connector => InstId
+    }),
     ehttpc_sup:stop_pool(PoolName).
 
 on_query(InstId, {send_message, Msg}, AfterQuery, State) ->
     case maps:get(request, State, undefined) of
-        undefined -> ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "request_not_found", connector => InstId});
+        undefined ->
+            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "request_not_found", connector => InstId});
         Request ->
-            #{method := Method, path := Path, body := Body, headers := Headers,
-              request_timeout := Timeout} = process_request(Request, Msg),
+            #{
+                method := Method,
+                path := Path,
+                body := Body,
+                headers := Headers,
+                request_timeout := Timeout
+            } = process_request(Request, Msg),
             on_query(InstId, {Method, {Path, Headers, Body}, Timeout}, AfterQuery, State)
     end;
 on_query(InstId, {Method, Request}, AfterQuery, State) ->
     on_query(InstId, {undefined, Method, Request, 5000}, AfterQuery, State);
 on_query(InstId, {Method, Request, Timeout}, AfterQuery, State) ->
     on_query(InstId, {undefined, Method, Request, Timeout}, AfterQuery, State);
-on_query(InstId, {KeyOrNum, Method, Request, Timeout}, AfterQuery,
-        #{pool_name := PoolName, base_path := BasePath} = State) ->
-    ?TRACE("QUERY", "http_connector_received",
-        #{request => Request, connector => InstId, state => State}),
+on_query(
+    InstId,
+    {KeyOrNum, Method, Request, Timeout},
+    AfterQuery,
+    #{pool_name := PoolName, base_path := BasePath} = State
+) ->
+    ?TRACE(
+        "QUERY",
+        "http_connector_received",
+        #{request => Request, connector => InstId, state => State}
+    ),
     NRequest = formalize_request(Method, BasePath, Request),
-    case Result = ehttpc:request(case KeyOrNum of
-                                     undefined -> PoolName;
-                                     _ -> {PoolName, KeyOrNum}
-                                 end, Method, NRequest, Timeout) of
+    case
+        Result = ehttpc:request(
+            case KeyOrNum of
+                undefined -> PoolName;
+                _ -> {PoolName, KeyOrNum}
+            end,
+            Method,
+            NRequest,
+            Timeout
+        )
+    of
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "http_connector_do_reqeust_failed",
-                           request => NRequest, reason => Reason,
-                           connector => InstId}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "http_connector_do_reqeust_failed",
+                request => NRequest,
+                reason => Reason,
+                connector => InstId
+            }),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery);
         {ok, StatusCode, _} when StatusCode >= 200 andalso StatusCode < 300 ->
             emqx_resource:query_success(AfterQuery);
         {ok, StatusCode, _, _} when StatusCode >= 200 andalso StatusCode < 300 ->
             emqx_resource:query_success(AfterQuery);
         {ok, StatusCode, _} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "http connector do request, received error response",
-                           request => NRequest, connector => InstId,
-                           status_code => StatusCode}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "http connector do request, received error response",
+                request => NRequest,
+                connector => InstId,
+                status_code => StatusCode
+            }),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery);
         {ok, StatusCode, _, _} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "http connector do request, received error response",
-                           request => NRequest, connector => InstId,
-                           status_code => StatusCode}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "http connector do request, received error response",
+                request => NRequest,
+                connector => InstId,
+                status_code => StatusCode
+            }),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery)
     end,
     Result.
@@ -232,14 +309,16 @@ on_query(InstId, {KeyOrNum, Method, Request, Timeout}, AfterQuery,
 on_health_check(_InstId, #{host := Host, port := Port, connect_timeout := Timeout} = State) ->
     case do_health_check(Host, Port, Timeout) of
         ok -> {ok, State};
-        {error, Reason} ->
-            {error, {http_health_check_failed, Reason}, State}
+        {error, Reason} -> {error, {http_health_check_failed, Reason}, State}
     end.
 
 do_health_check(Host, Port, Timeout) ->
     case gen_tcp:connect(Host, Port, emqx_misc:ipv6_probe([]), Timeout) of
-        {ok, Sock} -> gen_tcp:close(Sock), ok;
-        {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
+        {ok, Sock} ->
+            gen_tcp:close(Sock),
+            ok;
+        {error, Reason} ->
+            {error, Reason}
     end.
 
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -250,47 +329,64 @@ preprocess_request(undefined) ->
     undefined;
 preprocess_request(Req) when map_size(Req) == 0 ->
     undefined;
-preprocess_request(#{
-            method := Method,
-            path := Path,
-            body := Body,
-            headers := Headers
-        } = Req) ->
-    #{ method => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(bin(Method))
-     , path => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(Path)
-     , body => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(Body)
-     , headers => preproc_headers(Headers)
-     , request_timeout => maps:get(request_timeout, Req, 30000)
-     }.
+preprocess_request(
+    #{
+        method := Method,
+        path := Path,
+        body := Body,
+        headers := Headers
+    } = Req
+) ->
+    #{
+        method => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(bin(Method)),
+        path => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(Path),
+        body => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(Body),
+        headers => preproc_headers(Headers),
+        request_timeout => maps:get(request_timeout, Req, 30000)
+    }.
 
 preproc_headers(Headers) when is_map(Headers) ->
-    maps:fold(fun(K, V, Acc) ->
-            [{
+    maps:fold(
+        fun(K, V, Acc) ->
+            [
+                {
+                    emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(bin(K)),
+                    emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(bin(V))
+                }
+                | Acc
+            ]
+        end,
+        [],
+        Headers
+    );
+preproc_headers(Headers) when is_list(Headers) ->
+    lists:map(
+        fun({K, V}) ->
+            {
                 emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(bin(K)),
                 emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(bin(V))
-            } | Acc]
-        end, [], Headers);
-preproc_headers(Headers) when is_list(Headers) ->
-    lists:map(fun({K, V}) ->
-        {
-            emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(bin(K)),
-            emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(bin(V))
-        }
-              end, Headers).
+            }
+        end,
+        Headers
+    ).
 
-process_request(#{
-            method := MethodTks,
-            path := PathTks,
-            body := BodyTks,
-            headers := HeadersTks,
-            request_timeout := ReqTimeout
-        } = Conf, Msg) ->
-    Conf#{ method => make_method(emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(MethodTks, Msg))
-         , path => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(PathTks, Msg)
-         , body => process_request_body(BodyTks, Msg)
-         , headers => proc_headers(HeadersTks, Msg)
-         , request_timeout => ReqTimeout
-         }.
+process_request(
+    #{
+        method := MethodTks,
+        path := PathTks,
+        body := BodyTks,
+        headers := HeadersTks,
+        request_timeout := ReqTimeout
+    } = Conf,
+    Msg
+) ->
+    Conf#{
+        method => make_method(emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(MethodTks, Msg)),
+        path => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(PathTks, Msg),
+        body => process_request_body(BodyTks, Msg),
+        headers => proc_headers(HeadersTks, Msg),
+        request_timeout => ReqTimeout
+    }.
 
 process_request_body([], Msg) ->
     emqx_json:encode(Msg);
@@ -298,12 +394,15 @@ process_request_body(BodyTks, Msg) ->
     emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(BodyTks, Msg).
 
 proc_headers(HeaderTks, Msg) ->
-    lists:map(fun({K, V}) ->
+    lists:map(
+        fun({K, V}) ->
             {
                 emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(K, Msg),
                 emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(V, Msg)
             }
-              end, HeaderTks).
+        end,
+        HeaderTks
+    ).
 
 make_method(M) when M == <<"POST">>; M == <<"post">> -> post;
 make_method(M) when M == <<"PUT">>; M == <<"put">> -> put;
@@ -315,19 +414,19 @@ check_ssl_opts(Conf) ->
 
 check_ssl_opts(URLFrom, Conf) ->
     #{scheme := Scheme} = hocon_maps:get(URLFrom, Conf),
-    SSL= hocon_maps:get("ssl", Conf),
+    SSL = hocon_maps:get("ssl", Conf),
     case {Scheme, maps:get(enable, SSL, false)} of
         {http, false} -> true;
         {https, true} -> true;
         {_, _} -> false
     end.
 
-formalize_request(Method, BasePath, {Path, Headers, _Body})
-        when Method =:= get; Method =:= delete ->
+formalize_request(Method, BasePath, {Path, Headers, _Body}) when
+    Method =:= get; Method =:= delete
+->
     formalize_request(Method, BasePath, {Path, Headers});
 formalize_request(_Method, BasePath, {Path, Headers, Body}) ->
     {filename:join(BasePath, Path), Headers, Body};
-
 formalize_request(_Method, BasePath, {Path, Headers}) ->
     {filename:join(BasePath, Path), Headers}.
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_ldap.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_ldap.erl
index 918338ea1..25798fae5 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_ldap.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_ldap.erl
@@ -24,11 +24,12 @@
 -behaviour(emqx_resource).
 
 %% callbacks of behaviour emqx_resource
--export([ on_start/2
-        , on_stop/2
-        , on_query/4
-        , on_health_check/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_start/2,
+    on_stop/2,
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 -export([do_health_check/1]).
 
@@ -43,54 +44,84 @@ roots() ->
 fields(_) -> [].
 
 %% ===================================================================
-on_start(InstId, #{servers := Servers0,
-                   port := Port,
-                   bind_dn := BindDn,
-                   bind_password :=  BindPassword,
-                   timeout := Timeout,
-                   pool_size := PoolSize,
-                   auto_reconnect := AutoReconn,
-                   ssl := SSL} = Config) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "starting_ldap_connector",
-                  connector => InstId, config => Config}),
-    Servers = [begin proplists:get_value(host, S) end || S <- Servers0],
-    SslOpts = case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
-                  true ->
-                      [{ssl, true},
-                       {sslopts, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}
-                      ];
-                  false -> [{ssl, false}]
-              end,
-    Opts = [{servers, Servers},
-            {port, Port},
-            {bind_dn, BindDn},
-            {bind_password, BindPassword},
-            {timeout, Timeout},
-            {pool_size, PoolSize},
-            {auto_reconnect, reconn_interval(AutoReconn)},
-            {servers, Servers}],
+on_start(
+    InstId,
+    #{
+        servers := Servers0,
+        port := Port,
+        bind_dn := BindDn,
+        bind_password := BindPassword,
+        timeout := Timeout,
+        pool_size := PoolSize,
+        auto_reconnect := AutoReconn,
+        ssl := SSL
+    } = Config
+) ->
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "starting_ldap_connector",
+        connector => InstId,
+        config => Config
+    }),
+    Servers = [
+        begin
+            proplists:get_value(host, S)
+        end
+     || S <- Servers0
+    ],
+    SslOpts =
+        case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
+            true ->
+                [
+                    {ssl, true},
+                    {sslopts, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}
+                ];
+            false ->
+                [{ssl, false}]
+        end,
+    Opts = [
+        {servers, Servers},
+        {port, Port},
+        {bind_dn, BindDn},
+        {bind_password, BindPassword},
+        {timeout, Timeout},
+        {pool_size, PoolSize},
+        {auto_reconnect, reconn_interval(AutoReconn)},
+        {servers, Servers}
+    ],
     PoolName = emqx_plugin_libs_pool:pool_name(InstId),
     case emqx_plugin_libs_pool:start_pool(PoolName, ?MODULE, Opts ++ SslOpts) of
-        ok              -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName}};
+        ok -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName}};
         {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
     end.
 
 on_stop(InstId, #{poolname := PoolName}) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "stopping_ldap_connector",
-                  connector => InstId}),
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "stopping_ldap_connector",
+        connector => InstId
+    }),
     emqx_plugin_libs_pool:stop_pool(PoolName).
 
 on_query(InstId, {search, Base, Filter, Attributes}, AfterQuery, #{poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
     Request = {Base, Filter, Attributes},
-    ?TRACE("QUERY", "ldap_connector_received",
-        #{request => Request, connector => InstId, state => State}),
-    case Result = ecpool:pick_and_do(
-                    PoolName,
-                    {?MODULE, search, [Base, Filter, Attributes]},
-                    no_handover) of
+    ?TRACE(
+        "QUERY",
+        "ldap_connector_received",
+        #{request => Request, connector => InstId, state => State}
+    ),
+    case
+        Result = ecpool:pick_and_do(
+            PoolName,
+            {?MODULE, search, [Base, Filter, Attributes]},
+            no_handover
+        )
+    of
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "ldap_connector_do_request_failed",
-                request => Request, connector => InstId, reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "ldap_connector_do_request_failed",
+                request => Request,
+                connector => InstId,
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery);
         _ ->
             emqx_resource:query_success(AfterQuery)
@@ -107,38 +138,45 @@ reconn_interval(true) -> 15;
 reconn_interval(false) -> false.
 
 search(Conn, Base, Filter, Attributes) ->
-    eldap2:search(Conn, [{base, Base},
-                         {filter, Filter},
-                         {attributes, Attributes},
-                         {deref, eldap2:'derefFindingBaseObj'()}]).
+    eldap2:search(Conn, [
+        {base, Base},
+        {filter, Filter},
+        {attributes, Attributes},
+        {deref, eldap2:'derefFindingBaseObj'()}
+    ]).
 
 %% ===================================================================
 connect(Opts) ->
-    Servers      = proplists:get_value(servers, Opts, ["localhost"]),
-    Port         = proplists:get_value(port, Opts, 389),
-    Timeout      = proplists:get_value(timeout, Opts, 30),
-    BindDn       = proplists:get_value(bind_dn, Opts),
+    Servers = proplists:get_value(servers, Opts, ["localhost"]),
+    Port = proplists:get_value(port, Opts, 389),
+    Timeout = proplists:get_value(timeout, Opts, 30),
+    BindDn = proplists:get_value(bind_dn, Opts),
     BindPassword = proplists:get_value(bind_password, Opts),
-    SslOpts = case proplists:get_value(ssl, Opts, false) of
-        true ->
-            [{sslopts, proplists:get_value(sslopts, Opts, [])}, {ssl, true}];
-        false ->
-            [{ssl, false}]
-    end,
-    LdapOpts = [{port, Port},
-                {timeout, Timeout}] ++ SslOpts,
+    SslOpts =
+        case proplists:get_value(ssl, Opts, false) of
+            true ->
+                [{sslopts, proplists:get_value(sslopts, Opts, [])}, {ssl, true}];
+            false ->
+                [{ssl, false}]
+        end,
+    LdapOpts =
+        [
+            {port, Port},
+            {timeout, Timeout}
+        ] ++ SslOpts,
     {ok, LDAP} = eldap2:open(Servers, LdapOpts),
     ok = eldap2:simple_bind(LDAP, BindDn, BindPassword),
     {ok, LDAP}.
 
 ldap_fields() ->
-    [ {servers, fun servers/1}
-    , {port, fun port/1}
-    , {pool_size, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:pool_size/1}
-    , {bind_dn, fun bind_dn/1}
-    , {bind_password, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:password/1}
-    , {timeout, fun duration/1}
-    , {auto_reconnect, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:auto_reconnect/1}
+    [
+        {servers, fun servers/1},
+        {port, fun port/1},
+        {pool_size, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:pool_size/1},
+        {bind_dn, fun bind_dn/1},
+        {bind_password, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:password/1},
+        {timeout, fun duration/1},
+        {auto_reconnect, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:auto_reconnect/1}
     ].
 
 servers(type) -> list();
@@ -159,14 +197,18 @@ duration(type) -> emqx_schema:duration_ms();
 duration(_) -> undefined.
 
 to_servers_raw(Servers) ->
-    {ok, lists:map( fun(Server) ->
-                        case string:tokens(Server, ": ") of
-                            [Ip] ->
-                                [{host, Ip}];
-                            [Ip, Port] ->
-                                [{host, Ip}, {port, list_to_integer(Port)}]
-                        end
-                    end, string:tokens(str(Servers), ", "))}.
+    {ok,
+        lists:map(
+            fun(Server) ->
+                case string:tokens(Server, ": ") of
+                    [Ip] ->
+                        [{host, Ip}];
+                    [Ip, Port] ->
+                        [{host, Ip}, {port, list_to_integer(Port)}]
+                end
+            end,
+            string:tokens(str(Servers), ", ")
+        )}.
 
 str(A) when is_atom(A) ->
     atom_to_list(A);
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mongo.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mongo.erl
index d81aa04a4..170fa096b 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mongo.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mongo.erl
@@ -24,11 +24,12 @@
 -behaviour(emqx_resource).
 
 %% callbacks of behaviour emqx_resource
--export([ on_start/2
-        , on_stop/2
-        , on_query/4
-        , on_health_check/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_start/2,
+    on_stop/2,
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 %% ecpool callback
 -export([connect/1]).
@@ -40,57 +41,73 @@
 -define(HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT, 10000).
 
 %% mongo servers don't need parse
--define( MONGO_HOST_OPTIONS
-       , #{ host_type => hostname
-          , default_port => ?MONGO_DEFAULT_PORT}).
+-define(MONGO_HOST_OPTIONS, #{
+    host_type => hostname,
+    default_port => ?MONGO_DEFAULT_PORT
+}).
 
 %%=====================================================================
 roots() ->
-    [ {config, #{type => hoconsc:union(
-                           [ hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, single)
-                           , hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, rs)
-                           , hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, sharded)
-                           ])}}
+    [
+        {config, #{
+            type => hoconsc:union(
+                [
+                    hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, single),
+                    hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, rs),
+                    hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, sharded)
+                ]
+            )
+        }}
     ].
 
 fields(single) ->
-    [ {mongo_type, #{type => single,
-                     default => single,
-                     required => true,
-                     desc => ?DESC("single_mongo_type")}}
-    , {server, fun server/1}
-    , {w_mode, fun w_mode/1}
+    [
+        {mongo_type, #{
+            type => single,
+            default => single,
+            required => true,
+            desc => ?DESC("single_mongo_type")
+        }},
+        {server, fun server/1},
+        {w_mode, fun w_mode/1}
     ] ++ mongo_fields();
 fields(rs) ->
-    [ {mongo_type, #{type => rs,
-                     default => rs,
-                     required => true,
-                     desc => ?DESC("rs_mongo_type")}}
-    , {servers, fun servers/1}
-    , {w_mode, fun w_mode/1}
-    , {r_mode, fun r_mode/1}
-    , {replica_set_name, fun replica_set_name/1}
+    [
+        {mongo_type, #{
+            type => rs,
+            default => rs,
+            required => true,
+            desc => ?DESC("rs_mongo_type")
+        }},
+        {servers, fun servers/1},
+        {w_mode, fun w_mode/1},
+        {r_mode, fun r_mode/1},
+        {replica_set_name, fun replica_set_name/1}
     ] ++ mongo_fields();
 fields(sharded) ->
-    [ {mongo_type, #{type => sharded,
-                     default => sharded,
-                     required => true,
-                     desc => ?DESC("sharded_mongo_type")}}
-    , {servers, fun servers/1}
-    , {w_mode, fun w_mode/1}
+    [
+        {mongo_type, #{
+            type => sharded,
+            default => sharded,
+            required => true,
+            desc => ?DESC("sharded_mongo_type")
+        }},
+        {servers, fun servers/1},
+        {w_mode, fun w_mode/1}
     ] ++ mongo_fields();
 fields(topology) ->
-    [ {pool_size, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:pool_size/1}
-    , {max_overflow, fun max_overflow/1}
-    , {overflow_ttl, fun duration/1}
-    , {overflow_check_period, fun duration/1}
-    , {local_threshold_ms, fun duration/1}
-    , {connect_timeout_ms, fun duration/1}
-    , {socket_timeout_ms, fun duration/1}
-    , {server_selection_timeout_ms, fun duration/1}
-    , {wait_queue_timeout_ms, fun duration/1}
-    , {heartbeat_frequency_ms, fun duration/1}
-    , {min_heartbeat_frequency_ms, fun duration/1}
+    [
+        {pool_size, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:pool_size/1},
+        {max_overflow, fun max_overflow/1},
+        {overflow_ttl, fun duration/1},
+        {overflow_check_period, fun duration/1},
+        {local_threshold_ms, fun duration/1},
+        {connect_timeout_ms, fun duration/1},
+        {socket_timeout_ms, fun duration/1},
+        {server_selection_timeout_ms, fun duration/1},
+        {wait_queue_timeout_ms, fun duration/1},
+        {heartbeat_frequency_ms, fun duration/1},
+        {min_heartbeat_frequency_ms, fun duration/1}
     ].
 
 desc(single) ->
@@ -105,69 +122,96 @@ desc(_) ->
     undefined.
 
 mongo_fields() ->
-    [ {srv_record, fun srv_record/1}
-    , {pool_size, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:pool_size/1}
-    , {username, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:username/1}
-    , {password, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:password/1}
-    , {auth_source, #{ type => binary()
-                     , required => false
-                     , desc => ?DESC("auth_source")
-                     }}
-    , {database, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:database/1}
-    , {topology, #{type => hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, topology), required => false}}
+    [
+        {srv_record, fun srv_record/1},
+        {pool_size, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:pool_size/1},
+        {username, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:username/1},
+        {password, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:password/1},
+        {auth_source, #{
+            type => binary(),
+            required => false,
+            desc => ?DESC("auth_source")
+        }},
+        {database, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:database/1},
+        {topology, #{type => hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, topology), required => false}}
     ] ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields().
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields().
 
 %% ===================================================================
 
-on_start(InstId, Config = #{mongo_type := Type,
-                            pool_size := PoolSize,
-                            ssl := SSL}) ->
-    Msg = case Type of
-              single -> "starting_mongodb_single_connector";
-              rs -> "starting_mongodb_replica_set_connector";
-              sharded -> "starting_mongodb_sharded_connector"
-          end,
+on_start(
+    InstId,
+    Config = #{
+        mongo_type := Type,
+        pool_size := PoolSize,
+        ssl := SSL
+    }
+) ->
+    Msg =
+        case Type of
+            single -> "starting_mongodb_single_connector";
+            rs -> "starting_mongodb_replica_set_connector";
+            sharded -> "starting_mongodb_sharded_connector"
+        end,
     ?SLOG(info, #{msg => Msg, connector => InstId, config => Config}),
     NConfig = #{hosts := Hosts} = may_parse_srv_and_txt_records(Config),
-    SslOpts = case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
-                  true ->
-                      [{ssl, true},
-                       {ssl_opts, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}
-                      ];
-                  false -> [{ssl, false}]
-              end,
+    SslOpts =
+        case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
+            true ->
+                [
+                    {ssl, true},
+                    {ssl_opts, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}
+                ];
+            false ->
+                [{ssl, false}]
+        end,
     Topology = maps:get(topology, NConfig, #{}),
-    Opts = [{mongo_type, init_type(NConfig)},
-            {hosts, Hosts},
-            {pool_size, PoolSize},
-            {options, init_topology_options(maps:to_list(Topology), [])},
-            {worker_options, init_worker_options(maps:to_list(NConfig), SslOpts)}],
+    Opts = [
+        {mongo_type, init_type(NConfig)},
+        {hosts, Hosts},
+        {pool_size, PoolSize},
+        {options, init_topology_options(maps:to_list(Topology), [])},
+        {worker_options, init_worker_options(maps:to_list(NConfig), SslOpts)}
+    ],
     PoolName = emqx_plugin_libs_pool:pool_name(InstId),
     case emqx_plugin_libs_pool:start_pool(PoolName, ?MODULE, Opts) of
-        ok              -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName, type => Type}};
+        ok -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName, type => Type}};
         {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
     end.
 
 on_stop(InstId, #{poolname := PoolName}) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "stopping_mongodb_connector",
-                  connector => InstId}),
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "stopping_mongodb_connector",
+        connector => InstId
+    }),
     emqx_plugin_libs_pool:stop_pool(PoolName).
 
-on_query(InstId,
-         {Action, Collection, Selector, Projector},
-         AfterQuery,
-         #{poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
+on_query(
+    InstId,
+    {Action, Collection, Selector, Projector},
+    AfterQuery,
+    #{poolname := PoolName} = State
+) ->
     Request = {Action, Collection, Selector, Projector},
-    ?TRACE("QUERY", "mongodb_connector_received",
-        #{request => Request, connector => InstId, state => State}),
-    case ecpool:pick_and_do(PoolName,
-                            {?MODULE, mongo_query, [Action, Collection, Selector, Projector]},
-                            no_handover) of
+    ?TRACE(
+        "QUERY",
+        "mongodb_connector_received",
+        #{request => Request, connector => InstId, state => State}
+    ),
+    case
+        ecpool:pick_and_do(
+            PoolName,
+            {?MODULE, mongo_query, [Action, Collection, Selector, Projector]},
+            no_handover
+        )
+    of
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "mongodb_connector_do_query_failed",
-                request => Request, reason => Reason,
-                connector => InstId}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "mongodb_connector_do_query_failed",
+                request => Request,
+                reason => Reason,
+                connector => InstId
+            }),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery),
             {error, Reason};
         {ok, Cursor} when is_pid(Cursor) ->
@@ -182,12 +226,16 @@ on_query(InstId,
 on_health_check(InstId, #{poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
     case health_check(PoolName) of
         true ->
-            ?tp(debug, emqx_connector_mongo_health_check, #{instance_id => InstId,
-                                                            status => ok}),
+            ?tp(debug, emqx_connector_mongo_health_check, #{
+                instance_id => InstId,
+                status => ok
+            }),
             {ok, State};
         false ->
-            ?tp(warning, emqx_connector_mongo_health_check, #{instance_id => InstId,
-                                                              status => failed}),
+            ?tp(warning, emqx_connector_mongo_health_check, #{
+                instance_id => InstId,
+                status => failed
+            }),
             {error, health_check_failed, State}
     end.
 
@@ -204,36 +252,43 @@ check_worker_health(Worker) ->
             %% we don't care if this returns something or not, we just to test the connection
             try do_test_query(Conn) of
                 {error, Reason} ->
-                    ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "mongo_connection_health_check_error",
-                                     worker => Worker,
-                                     reason => Reason}),
+                    ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                        msg => "mongo_connection_health_check_error",
+                        worker => Worker,
+                        reason => Reason
+                    }),
                     false;
                 _ ->
                     true
             catch
                 Class:Error ->
-                    ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "mongo_connection_health_check_exception",
-                                     worker => Worker,
-                                     class => Class,
-                                     error => Error}),
+                    ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                        msg => "mongo_connection_health_check_exception",
+                        worker => Worker,
+                        class => Class,
+                        error => Error
+                    }),
                     false
             end;
         _ ->
-            ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "mongo_connection_health_check_error",
-                             worker => Worker,
-                             reason => worker_not_found}),
+            ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                msg => "mongo_connection_health_check_error",
+                worker => Worker,
+                reason => worker_not_found
+            }),
             false
     end.
 
 do_test_query(Conn) ->
     mongoc:transaction_query(
-      Conn,
-      fun(Conf = #{pool := Worker}) ->
-              Query = mongoc:find_one_query(Conf, <<"foo">>, #{}, #{}, 0),
-              mc_worker_api:find_one(Worker, Query)
-      end,
-      #{},
-      ?HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT).
+        Conn,
+        fun(Conf = #{pool := Worker}) ->
+            Query = mongoc:find_one_query(Conf, <<"foo">>, #{}, #{}, 0),
+            mc_worker_api:find_one(Worker, Query)
+        end,
+        #{},
+        ?HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT
+    ).
 
 connect(Opts) ->
     Type = proplists:get_value(mongo_type, Opts, single),
@@ -244,10 +299,8 @@ connect(Opts) ->
 
 mongo_query(Conn, find, Collection, Selector, Projector) ->
     mongo_api:find(Conn, Collection, Selector, Projector);
-
 mongo_query(Conn, find_one, Collection, Selector, Projector) ->
     mongo_api:find_one(Conn, Collection, Selector, Projector);
-
 %% Todo xxx
 mongo_query(_Conn, _Action, _Collection, _Selector, _Projector) ->
     ok.
@@ -298,7 +351,8 @@ init_worker_options([{r_mode, V} | R], Acc) ->
     init_worker_options(R, [{r_mode, V} | Acc]);
 init_worker_options([_ | R], Acc) ->
     init_worker_options(R, Acc);
-init_worker_options([], Acc) -> Acc.
+init_worker_options([], Acc) ->
+    Acc.
 
 %% ===================================================================
 %% Schema funcs
@@ -356,59 +410,76 @@ may_parse_srv_and_txt_records(#{server := Server} = Config) ->
 may_parse_srv_and_txt_records(Config) ->
     may_parse_srv_and_txt_records_(Config).
 
-may_parse_srv_and_txt_records_(#{mongo_type := Type,
-                                 srv_record := false,
-                                 servers := Servers} = Config) ->
+may_parse_srv_and_txt_records_(
+    #{
+        mongo_type := Type,
+        srv_record := false,
+        servers := Servers
+    } = Config
+) ->
     case Type =:= rs andalso maps:is_key(replica_set_name, Config) =:= false of
         true ->
             error({missing_parameter, replica_set_name});
         false ->
             Config#{hosts => servers_to_bin(Servers)}
     end;
-may_parse_srv_and_txt_records_(#{mongo_type := Type,
-                                 srv_record := true,
-                                 servers := Servers} = Config) ->
+may_parse_srv_and_txt_records_(
+    #{
+        mongo_type := Type,
+        srv_record := true,
+        servers := Servers
+    } = Config
+) ->
     Hosts = parse_srv_records(Type, Servers),
     ExtraOpts = parse_txt_records(Type, Servers),
     maps:merge(Config#{hosts => Hosts}, ExtraOpts).
 
 parse_srv_records(Type, Servers) ->
     Fun = fun(AccIn, {IpOrHost, _Port}) ->
-                  case inet_res:lookup("_mongodb._tcp."
-                                       ++ ip_or_host_to_string(IpOrHost), in, srv) of
-                      [] ->
-                          error(service_not_found);
-                      Services ->
-                          [ [server_to_bin({Host, Port}) || {_, _, Port, Host} <- Services]
-                          | AccIn]
-                  end
-          end,
+        case
+            inet_res:lookup(
+                "_mongodb._tcp." ++
+                    ip_or_host_to_string(IpOrHost),
+                in,
+                srv
+            )
+        of
+            [] ->
+                error(service_not_found);
+            Services ->
+                [
+                    [server_to_bin({Host, Port}) || {_, _, Port, Host} <- Services]
+                    | AccIn
+                ]
+        end
+    end,
     Res = lists:foldl(Fun, [], Servers),
     case Type of
         single -> lists:nth(1, Res);
-        _      -> Res
+        _ -> Res
     end.
 
 parse_txt_records(Type, Servers) ->
-    Fields = case Type of
-                 rs -> ["authSource", "replicaSet"];
-                 _ -> ["authSource"]
-             end,
+    Fields =
+        case Type of
+            rs -> ["authSource", "replicaSet"];
+            _ -> ["authSource"]
+        end,
     Fun = fun(AccIn, {IpOrHost, _Port}) ->
-                  case inet_res:lookup(IpOrHost, in, txt) of
-                      [] ->
-                          #{};
-                      [[QueryString]] ->
-                          case uri_string:dissect_query(QueryString) of
-                              {error, _, _} ->
-                                  error({invalid_txt_record, invalid_query_string});
-                              Options ->
-                                  maps:merge(AccIn, take_and_convert(Fields, Options))
-                          end;
-                      _ ->
-                          error({invalid_txt_record, multiple_records})
-                  end
-          end,
+        case inet_res:lookup(IpOrHost, in, txt) of
+            [] ->
+                #{};
+            [[QueryString]] ->
+                case uri_string:dissect_query(QueryString) of
+                    {error, _, _} ->
+                        error({invalid_txt_record, invalid_query_string});
+                    Options ->
+                        maps:merge(AccIn, take_and_convert(Fields, Options))
+                end;
+            _ ->
+                error({invalid_txt_record, multiple_records})
+        end
+    end,
     lists:foldl(Fun, #{}, Servers).
 
 take_and_convert(Fields, Options) ->
@@ -430,8 +501,8 @@ take_and_convert([Field | More], Options, Acc) ->
             take_and_convert(More, Options, Acc)
     end.
 
--spec ip_or_host_to_string(binary() | string() | tuple())
-      -> string().
+-spec ip_or_host_to_string(binary() | string() | tuple()) ->
+    string().
 ip_or_host_to_string(Ip) when is_tuple(Ip) ->
     inet:ntoa(Ip);
 ip_or_host_to_string(Host) ->
@@ -448,18 +519,20 @@ server_to_bin({IpOrHost, Port}) ->
 %% ===================================================================
 %% typereflt funcs
 
--spec to_server_raw(string())
-      -> {string(), pos_integer()}.
+-spec to_server_raw(string()) ->
+    {string(), pos_integer()}.
 to_server_raw(Server) ->
     emqx_connector_schema_lib:parse_server(Server, ?MONGO_HOST_OPTIONS).
 
--spec to_servers_raw(string())
-      -> [{string(), pos_integer()}].
+-spec to_servers_raw(string()) ->
+    [{string(), pos_integer()}].
 to_servers_raw(Servers) ->
-    lists:map( fun(Server) ->
-                   emqx_connector_schema_lib:parse_server(Server, ?MONGO_HOST_OPTIONS)
-               end
-             , string:tokens(str(Servers), ", ")).
+    lists:map(
+        fun(Server) ->
+            emqx_connector_schema_lib:parse_server(Server, ?MONGO_HOST_OPTIONS)
+        end,
+        string:tokens(str(Servers), ", ")
+    ).
 
 str(A) when is_atom(A) ->
     atom_to_list(A);
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mqtt.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mqtt.erl
index d59cdf239..5f228027f 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mqtt.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mqtt.erl
@@ -23,28 +23,32 @@
 -behaviour(emqx_resource).
 
 %% API and callbacks for supervisor
--export([ start_link/0
-        , init/1
-        , create_bridge/1
-        , drop_bridge/1
-        , bridges/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start_link/0,
+    init/1,
+    create_bridge/1,
+    drop_bridge/1,
+    bridges/0
+]).
 
 -export([on_message_received/3]).
 
 %% callbacks of behaviour emqx_resource
--export([ on_start/2
-        , on_stop/2
-        , on_query/4
-        , on_health_check/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_start/2,
+    on_stop/2,
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 -behaviour(hocon_schema).
 
 -import(hoconsc, [mk/2]).
 
--export([ roots/0
-        , fields/1]).
+-export([
+    roots/0,
+    fields/1
+]).
 
 %%=====================================================================
 %% Hocon schema
@@ -53,25 +57,34 @@ roots() ->
 
 fields("config") ->
     emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:fields("config");
-
 fields("get") ->
-    [ {num_of_bridges, mk(integer(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("num_of_bridges")
-         })}
+    [
+        {num_of_bridges,
+            mk(
+                integer(),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("num_of_bridges")}
+            )}
     ] ++ fields("post");
-
 fields("put") ->
     emqx_connector_mqtt_schema:fields("connector");
-
 fields("post") ->
-    [ {type, mk(mqtt,
-        #{ required => true
-         , desc => ?DESC("type")
-         })}
-    , {name, mk(binary(),
-        #{ required => true
-         , desc => ?DESC("name")
-         })}
+    [
+        {type,
+            mk(
+                mqtt,
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC("type")
+                }
+            )},
+        {name,
+            mk(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC("name")
+                }
+            )}
     ] ++ fields("put").
 
 %% ===================================================================
@@ -80,23 +93,29 @@ start_link() ->
     supervisor:start_link({local, ?MODULE}, ?MODULE, []).
 
 init([]) ->
-    SupFlag = #{strategy => one_for_one,
-                intensity => 100,
-                period => 10},
+    SupFlag = #{
+        strategy => one_for_one,
+        intensity => 100,
+        period => 10
+    },
     {ok, {SupFlag, []}}.
 
 bridge_spec(Config) ->
-    #{id => maps:get(name, Config),
-      start => {emqx_connector_mqtt_worker, start_link, [Config]},
-      restart => permanent,
-      shutdown => 5000,
-      type => worker,
-      modules => [emqx_connector_mqtt_worker]}.
+    #{
+        id => maps:get(name, Config),
+        start => {emqx_connector_mqtt_worker, start_link, [Config]},
+        restart => permanent,
+        shutdown => 5000,
+        type => worker,
+        modules => [emqx_connector_mqtt_worker]
+    }.
 
--spec(bridges() -> [{node(), map()}]).
+-spec bridges() -> [{node(), map()}].
 bridges() ->
-    [{Name, emqx_connector_mqtt_worker:status(Name)}
-     || {Name, _Pid, _, _} <- supervisor:which_children(?MODULE)].
+    [
+        {Name, emqx_connector_mqtt_worker:status(Name)}
+     || {Name, _Pid, _, _} <- supervisor:which_children(?MODULE)
+    ].
 
 create_bridge(Config) ->
     supervisor:start_child(?MODULE, bridge_spec(Config)).
@@ -121,8 +140,11 @@ on_message_received(Msg, HookPoint, InstId) ->
 %% ===================================================================
 on_start(InstId, Conf) ->
     InstanceId = binary_to_atom(InstId, utf8),
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "starting_mqtt_connector",
-                  connector => InstanceId, config => Conf}),
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "starting_mqtt_connector",
+        connector => InstanceId,
+        config => Conf
+    }),
     BasicConf = basic_config(Conf),
     BridgeConf = BasicConf#{
         name => InstanceId,
@@ -142,19 +164,25 @@ on_start(InstId, Conf) ->
     end.
 
 on_stop(_InstId, #{name := InstanceId}) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "stopping_mqtt_connector",
-                  connector => InstanceId}),
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "stopping_mqtt_connector",
+        connector => InstanceId
+    }),
     case ?MODULE:drop_bridge(InstanceId) of
-        ok -> ok;
-        {error, not_found} -> ok;
+        ok ->
+            ok;
+        {error, not_found} ->
+            ok;
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "stop_mqtt_connector",
-                connector => InstanceId, reason => Reason})
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "stop_mqtt_connector",
+                connector => InstanceId,
+                reason => Reason
+            })
     end.
 
 on_query(_InstId, {message_received, _Msg}, AfterQuery, _State) ->
     emqx_resource:query_success(AfterQuery);
-
 on_query(_InstId, {send_message, Msg}, AfterQuery, #{name := InstanceId}) ->
     ?TRACE("QUERY", "send_msg_to_remote_node", #{message => Msg, connector => InstanceId}),
     emqx_connector_mqtt_worker:send_to_remote(InstanceId, Msg),
@@ -178,7 +206,8 @@ make_sub_confs(undefined, _) ->
     undefined;
 make_sub_confs(SubRemoteConf, InstId) ->
     case maps:take(hookpoint, SubRemoteConf) of
-        error -> SubRemoteConf;
+        error ->
+            SubRemoteConf;
         {HookPoint, SubConf} ->
             MFA = {?MODULE, on_message_received, [HookPoint, InstId]},
             SubConf#{on_message_received => MFA}
@@ -192,22 +221,24 @@ make_forward_confs(FrowardConf) ->
     FrowardConf.
 
 basic_config(#{
-        server := Server,
-        reconnect_interval := ReconnIntv,
-        proto_ver := ProtoVer,
-        username := User,
-        password := Password,
-        clean_start := CleanStart,
-        keepalive := KeepAlive,
-        retry_interval := RetryIntv,
-        max_inflight := MaxInflight,
-        replayq := ReplayQ,
-        ssl := #{enable := EnableSsl} = Ssl}) ->
+    server := Server,
+    reconnect_interval := ReconnIntv,
+    proto_ver := ProtoVer,
+    username := User,
+    password := Password,
+    clean_start := CleanStart,
+    keepalive := KeepAlive,
+    retry_interval := RetryIntv,
+    max_inflight := MaxInflight,
+    replayq := ReplayQ,
+    ssl := #{enable := EnableSsl} = Ssl
+}) ->
     #{
         replayq => ReplayQ,
         %% connection opts
         server => Server,
-        connect_timeout => 30, %% 30s
+        %% 30s
+        connect_timeout => 30,
         reconnect_interval => ReconnIntv,
         proto_ver => ProtoVer,
         bridge_mode => true,
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mysql.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mysql.erl
index 7a5ff9130..5e42a2ee2 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mysql.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_mysql.erl
@@ -23,11 +23,12 @@
 -behaviour(emqx_resource).
 
 %% callbacks of behaviour emqx_resource
--export([ on_start/2
-        , on_stop/2
-        , on_query/4
-        , on_health_check/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_start/2,
+    on_stop/2,
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 %% ecpool connect & reconnect
 -export([connect/1, prepare_sql_to_conn/2]).
@@ -38,9 +39,10 @@
 
 -export([do_health_check/1]).
 
--define( MYSQL_HOST_OPTIONS
-       , #{ host_type => inet_addr
-          , default_port => ?MYSQL_DEFAULT_PORT}).
+-define(MYSQL_HOST_OPTIONS, #{
+    host_type => inet_addr,
+    default_port => ?MYSQL_DEFAULT_PORT
+}).
 
 %%=====================================================================
 %% Hocon schema
@@ -48,11 +50,10 @@ roots() ->
     [{config, #{type => hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, config)}}].
 
 fields(config) ->
-    [ {server, fun server/1}
-    ] ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:relational_db_fields() ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields() ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:prepare_statement_fields().
+    [{server, fun server/1}] ++
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:relational_db_fields() ++
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields() ++
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:prepare_statement_fields().
 
 server(type) -> emqx_schema:ip_port();
 server(required) -> true;
@@ -62,47 +63,64 @@ server(desc) -> ?DESC("server");
 server(_) -> undefined.
 
 %% ===================================================================
-on_start(InstId, #{server := {Host, Port},
-                   database := DB,
-                   username := User,
-                   password := Password,
-                   auto_reconnect := AutoReconn,
-                   pool_size := PoolSize,
-                   ssl := SSL } = Config) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "starting_mysql_connector",
-                  connector => InstId, config => Config}),
-    SslOpts = case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
-                  true ->
-                      [{ssl, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}];
-                  false ->
-                      []
-              end,
-    Options = [{host, Host},
-               {port, Port},
-               {user, User},
-               {password, Password},
-               {database, DB},
-               {auto_reconnect, reconn_interval(AutoReconn)},
-               {pool_size, PoolSize}],
+on_start(
+    InstId,
+    #{
+        server := {Host, Port},
+        database := DB,
+        username := User,
+        password := Password,
+        auto_reconnect := AutoReconn,
+        pool_size := PoolSize,
+        ssl := SSL
+    } = Config
+) ->
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "starting_mysql_connector",
+        connector => InstId,
+        config => Config
+    }),
+    SslOpts =
+        case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
+            true ->
+                [{ssl, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}];
+            false ->
+                []
+        end,
+    Options = [
+        {host, Host},
+        {port, Port},
+        {user, User},
+        {password, Password},
+        {database, DB},
+        {auto_reconnect, reconn_interval(AutoReconn)},
+        {pool_size, PoolSize}
+    ],
     PoolName = emqx_plugin_libs_pool:pool_name(InstId),
     Prepares = maps:get(prepare_statement, Config, #{}),
     State = init_prepare(#{poolname => PoolName, prepare_statement => Prepares}),
     case emqx_plugin_libs_pool:start_pool(PoolName, ?MODULE, Options ++ SslOpts) of
-        ok              -> {ok, State};
+        ok -> {ok, State};
         {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
     end.
 
 on_stop(InstId, #{poolname := PoolName}) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "stopping_mysql_connector",
-                  connector => InstId}),
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "stopping_mysql_connector",
+        connector => InstId
+    }),
     emqx_plugin_libs_pool:stop_pool(PoolName).
 
 on_query(InstId, {Type, SQLOrKey}, AfterQuery, State) ->
     on_query(InstId, {Type, SQLOrKey, [], default_timeout}, AfterQuery, State);
 on_query(InstId, {Type, SQLOrKey, Params}, AfterQuery, State) ->
     on_query(InstId, {Type, SQLOrKey, Params, default_timeout}, AfterQuery, State);
-on_query(InstId, {Type, SQLOrKey, Params, Timeout}, AfterQuery,
-  #{poolname := PoolName, prepare_statement := Prepares} = State) ->
+on_query(
+    InstId,
+    {Type, SQLOrKey, Params, Timeout},
+    AfterQuery,
+    #{poolname := PoolName, prepare_statement := Prepares} = State
+) ->
     LogMeta = #{connector => InstId, sql => SQLOrKey, state => State},
     ?TRACE("QUERY", "mysql_connector_received", LogMeta),
     Worker = ecpool:get_client(PoolName),
@@ -111,28 +129,36 @@ on_query(InstId, {Type, SQLOrKey, Params, Timeout}, AfterQuery,
     Result = erlang:apply(mysql, MySqlFunction, [Conn, SQLOrKey, Params, Timeout]),
     case Result of
         {error, disconnected} ->
-            ?SLOG(error,
-                LogMeta#{msg => "mysql_connector_do_sql_query_failed", reason => disconnected}),
+            ?SLOG(
+                error,
+                LogMeta#{msg => "mysql_connector_do_sql_query_failed", reason => disconnected}
+            ),
             %% kill the poll worker to trigger reconnection
             _ = exit(Conn, restart),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery),
             Result;
         {error, not_prepared} ->
-            ?SLOG(warning,
-                LogMeta#{msg => "mysql_connector_prepare_query_failed", reason => not_prepared}),
+            ?SLOG(
+                warning,
+                LogMeta#{msg => "mysql_connector_prepare_query_failed", reason => not_prepared}
+            ),
             case prepare_sql(Prepares, PoolName) of
                 ok ->
                     %% not return result, next loop will try again
                     on_query(InstId, {Type, SQLOrKey, Params, Timeout}, AfterQuery, State);
                 {error, Reason} ->
-                    ?SLOG(error,
-                        LogMeta#{msg => "mysql_connector_do_prepare_failed", reason => Reason}),
+                    ?SLOG(
+                        error,
+                        LogMeta#{msg => "mysql_connector_do_prepare_failed", reason => Reason}
+                    ),
                     emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery),
                     {error, Reason}
             end;
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error,
-            LogMeta#{msg => "mysql_connector_do_sql_query_failed", reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(
+                error,
+                LogMeta#{msg => "mysql_connector_do_sql_query_failed", reason => Reason}
+            ),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery),
             Result;
         _ ->
@@ -147,7 +173,7 @@ on_health_check(_InstId, #{poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
     case emqx_plugin_libs_pool:health_check(PoolName, fun ?MODULE:do_health_check/1, State) of
         {ok, State} ->
             case do_health_check_prepares(State) of
-                ok->
+                ok ->
                     {ok, State};
                 {ok, NState} ->
                     {ok, NState};
@@ -161,7 +187,7 @@ on_health_check(_InstId, #{poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
 do_health_check(Conn) ->
     ok == element(1, mysql:query(Conn, <<"SELECT count(1) AS T">>)).
 
-do_health_check_prepares(#{prepare_statement := Prepares})when is_map(Prepares) ->
+do_health_check_prepares(#{prepare_statement := Prepares}) when is_map(Prepares) ->
     ok;
 do_health_check_prepares(State = #{poolname := PoolName, prepare_statement := {error, Prepares}}) ->
     %% retry to prepare
@@ -180,8 +206,8 @@ reconn_interval(false) -> false.
 connect(Options) ->
     mysql:start_link(Options).
 
--spec to_server(string())
-      -> {inet:ip_address() | inet:hostname(), pos_integer()}.
+-spec to_server(string()) ->
+    {inet:ip_address() | inet:hostname(), pos_integer()}.
 to_server(Str) ->
     emqx_connector_schema_lib:parse_server(Str, ?MYSQL_HOST_OPTIONS).
 
@@ -215,20 +241,27 @@ prepare_sql(Prepares, PoolName) ->
 
 do_prepare_sql(Prepares, PoolName) ->
     Conns =
-        [begin
-            {ok, Conn} = ecpool_worker:client(Worker),
-            Conn
-         end || {_Name, Worker} <- ecpool:workers(PoolName)],
+        [
+            begin
+                {ok, Conn} = ecpool_worker:client(Worker),
+                Conn
+            end
+         || {_Name, Worker} <- ecpool:workers(PoolName)
+        ],
     prepare_sql_to_conn_list(Conns, Prepares).
 
-prepare_sql_to_conn_list([], _PrepareList) -> ok;
+prepare_sql_to_conn_list([], _PrepareList) ->
+    ok;
 prepare_sql_to_conn_list([Conn | ConnList], PrepareList) ->
     case prepare_sql_to_conn(Conn, PrepareList) of
         ok ->
             prepare_sql_to_conn_list(ConnList, PrepareList);
         {error, R} ->
             %% rollback
-            Fun = fun({Key, _}) -> _ = unprepare_sql_to_conn(Conn, Key), ok end,
+            Fun = fun({Key, _}) ->
+                _ = unprepare_sql_to_conn(Conn, Key),
+                ok
+            end,
             lists:foreach(Fun, PrepareList),
             {error, R}
     end.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_pgsql.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_pgsql.erl
index d7b6c1b14..00ec31849 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_pgsql.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_pgsql.erl
@@ -26,24 +26,26 @@
 -behaviour(emqx_resource).
 
 %% callbacks of behaviour emqx_resource
--export([ on_start/2
-        , on_stop/2
-        , on_query/4
-        , on_health_check/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_start/2,
+    on_stop/2,
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 -export([connect/1]).
 
--export([ query/3
-        , prepared_query/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    query/3,
+    prepared_query/3
+]).
 
 -export([do_health_check/1]).
 
--define( PGSQL_HOST_OPTIONS
-       , #{ host_type => inet_addr
-          , default_port => ?PGSQL_DEFAULT_PORT}).
-
+-define(PGSQL_HOST_OPTIONS, #{
+    host_type => inet_addr,
+    default_port => ?PGSQL_DEFAULT_PORT
+}).
 
 %%=====================================================================
 
@@ -52,9 +54,9 @@ roots() ->
 
 fields(config) ->
     [{server, fun server/1}] ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:relational_db_fields() ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields() ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:prepare_statement_fields().
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:relational_db_fields() ++
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields() ++
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:prepare_statement_fields().
 
 server(type) -> emqx_schema:ip_port();
 server(required) -> true;
@@ -64,52 +66,73 @@ server(desc) -> ?DESC("server");
 server(_) -> undefined.
 
 %% ===================================================================
-on_start(InstId, #{server := {Host, Port},
-                   database := DB,
-                   username := User,
-                   password := Password,
-                   auto_reconnect := AutoReconn,
-                   pool_size := PoolSize,
-                   ssl := SSL} = Config) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "starting_postgresql_connector",
-                  connector => InstId, config => Config}),
-    SslOpts = case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
-                  true ->
-                      [{ssl, true},
-                       {ssl_opts, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}];
-                  false ->
-                      [{ssl, false}]
-              end,
-    Options = [{host, Host},
-               {port, Port},
-               {username, User},
-               {password, Password},
-               {database, DB},
-               {auto_reconnect, reconn_interval(AutoReconn)},
-               {pool_size, PoolSize},
-               {prepare_statement, maps:to_list(maps:get(prepare_statement, Config, #{}))}],
+on_start(
+    InstId,
+    #{
+        server := {Host, Port},
+        database := DB,
+        username := User,
+        password := Password,
+        auto_reconnect := AutoReconn,
+        pool_size := PoolSize,
+        ssl := SSL
+    } = Config
+) ->
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "starting_postgresql_connector",
+        connector => InstId,
+        config => Config
+    }),
+    SslOpts =
+        case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
+            true ->
+                [
+                    {ssl, true},
+                    {ssl_opts, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}
+                ];
+            false ->
+                [{ssl, false}]
+        end,
+    Options = [
+        {host, Host},
+        {port, Port},
+        {username, User},
+        {password, Password},
+        {database, DB},
+        {auto_reconnect, reconn_interval(AutoReconn)},
+        {pool_size, PoolSize},
+        {prepare_statement, maps:to_list(maps:get(prepare_statement, Config, #{}))}
+    ],
     PoolName = emqx_plugin_libs_pool:pool_name(InstId),
     case emqx_plugin_libs_pool:start_pool(PoolName, ?MODULE, Options ++ SslOpts) of
-        ok              -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName}};
+        ok -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName}};
         {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
     end.
 
 on_stop(InstId, #{poolname := PoolName}) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "stopping postgresql connector",
-                  connector => InstId}),
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "stopping postgresql connector",
+        connector => InstId
+    }),
     emqx_plugin_libs_pool:stop_pool(PoolName).
 
 on_query(InstId, {Type, NameOrSQL}, AfterQuery, #{poolname := _PoolName} = State) ->
     on_query(InstId, {Type, NameOrSQL, []}, AfterQuery, State);
-
 on_query(InstId, {Type, NameOrSQL, Params}, AfterQuery, #{poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
-    ?SLOG(debug, #{msg => "postgresql connector received sql query",
-        connector => InstId, sql => NameOrSQL, state => State}),
+    ?SLOG(debug, #{
+        msg => "postgresql connector received sql query",
+        connector => InstId,
+        sql => NameOrSQL,
+        state => State
+    }),
     case Result = ecpool:pick_and_do(PoolName, {?MODULE, Type, [NameOrSQL, Params]}, no_handover) of
         {error, Reason} ->
             ?SLOG(error, #{
                 msg => "postgresql connector do sql query failed",
-                connector => InstId, sql => NameOrSQL, reason => Reason}),
+                connector => InstId,
+                sql => NameOrSQL,
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterQuery);
         _ ->
             emqx_resource:query_success(AfterQuery)
@@ -127,7 +150,7 @@ reconn_interval(true) -> 15;
 reconn_interval(false) -> false.
 
 connect(Opts) ->
-    Host     = proplists:get_value(host, Opts),
+    Host = proplists:get_value(host, Opts),
     Username = proplists:get_value(username, Opts),
     Password = proplists:get_value(password, Opts),
     PrepareStatement = proplists:get_value(prepare_statement, Opts),
@@ -177,7 +200,7 @@ conn_opts([_Opt | Opts], Acc) ->
 %% ===================================================================
 %% typereflt funcs
 
--spec to_server(string())
-      -> {inet:ip_address() | inet:hostname(), pos_integer()}.
+-spec to_server(string()) ->
+    {inet:ip_address() | inet:hostname(), pos_integer()}.
 to_server(Str) ->
     emqx_connector_schema_lib:parse_server(Str, ?PGSQL_HOST_OPTIONS).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_redis.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_redis.erl
index 78607aac0..189d5e8c2 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_redis.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_redis.erl
@@ -25,11 +25,12 @@
 -behaviour(emqx_resource).
 
 %% callbacks of behaviour emqx_resource
--export([ on_start/2
-        , on_stop/2
-        , on_query/4
-        , on_health_check/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_start/2,
+    on_stop/2,
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 -export([do_health_check/1]).
 
@@ -38,50 +39,59 @@
 -export([cmd/3]).
 
 %% redis host don't need parse
--define( REDIS_HOST_OPTIONS
-       , #{ host_type => hostname
-          , default_port => ?REDIS_DEFAULT_PORT}).
-
+-define(REDIS_HOST_OPTIONS, #{
+    host_type => hostname,
+    default_port => ?REDIS_DEFAULT_PORT
+}).
 
 %%=====================================================================
 roots() ->
-    [ {config, #{type => hoconsc:union(
-                  [ hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, cluster)
-                  , hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, single)
-                  , hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, sentinel)
-                  ])}
-      }
+    [
+        {config, #{
+            type => hoconsc:union(
+                [
+                    hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, cluster),
+                    hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, single),
+                    hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, sentinel)
+                ]
+            )
+        }}
     ].
 
 fields(single) ->
-    [ {server, fun server/1}
-    , {redis_type, #{type => hoconsc:enum([single]),
-                     required => true,
-                     desc => ?DESC("single")
-                    }}
+    [
+        {server, fun server/1},
+        {redis_type, #{
+            type => hoconsc:enum([single]),
+            required => true,
+            desc => ?DESC("single")
+        }}
     ] ++
-    redis_fields() ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields();
+        redis_fields() ++
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields();
 fields(cluster) ->
-    [ {servers, fun servers/1}
-    , {redis_type, #{type => hoconsc:enum([cluster]),
-                     required => true,
-                     desc => ?DESC("cluster")
-                    }}
+    [
+        {servers, fun servers/1},
+        {redis_type, #{
+            type => hoconsc:enum([cluster]),
+            required => true,
+            desc => ?DESC("cluster")
+        }}
     ] ++
-    redis_fields() ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields();
+        redis_fields() ++
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields();
 fields(sentinel) ->
-    [ {servers, fun servers/1}
-    , {redis_type, #{type => hoconsc:enum([sentinel]),
-                     required => true,
-                     desc => ?DESC("sentinel")
-                    }}
-    , {sentinel, #{type => string(), desc => ?DESC("sentinel_desc")
-                  }}
+    [
+        {servers, fun servers/1},
+        {redis_type, #{
+            type => hoconsc:enum([sentinel]),
+            required => true,
+            desc => ?DESC("sentinel")
+        }},
+        {sentinel, #{type => string(), desc => ?DESC("sentinel_desc")}}
     ] ++
-    redis_fields() ++
-    emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields().
+        redis_fields() ++
+        emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields().
 
 server(type) -> emqx_schema:ip_port();
 server(required) -> true;
@@ -98,62 +108,89 @@ servers(desc) -> ?DESC("servers");
 servers(_) -> undefined.
 
 %% ===================================================================
-on_start(InstId, #{redis_type := Type,
-                   database := Database,
-                   pool_size := PoolSize,
-                   auto_reconnect := AutoReconn,
-                   ssl := SSL } = Config) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "starting_redis_connector",
-                  connector => InstId, config => Config}),
-    Servers = case Type of
-                single -> [{servers, [maps:get(server, Config)]}];
-                _ ->[{servers, maps:get(servers, Config)}]
-              end,
-    Opts = [{pool_size, PoolSize},
+on_start(
+    InstId,
+    #{
+        redis_type := Type,
+        database := Database,
+        pool_size := PoolSize,
+        auto_reconnect := AutoReconn,
+        ssl := SSL
+    } = Config
+) ->
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "starting_redis_connector",
+        connector => InstId,
+        config => Config
+    }),
+    Servers =
+        case Type of
+            single -> [{servers, [maps:get(server, Config)]}];
+            _ -> [{servers, maps:get(servers, Config)}]
+        end,
+    Opts =
+        [
+            {pool_size, PoolSize},
             {database, Database},
             {password, maps:get(password, Config, "")},
             {auto_reconnect, reconn_interval(AutoReconn)}
-           ] ++ Servers,
-    Options = case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
-                  true ->
-                      [{ssl, true},
-                       {ssl_options, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}];
-                  false -> [{ssl, false}]
-              end ++ [{sentinel, maps:get(sentinel, Config, undefined)}],
+        ] ++ Servers,
+    Options =
+        case maps:get(enable, SSL) of
+            true ->
+                [
+                    {ssl, true},
+                    {ssl_options, emqx_tls_lib:to_client_opts(SSL)}
+                ];
+            false ->
+                [{ssl, false}]
+        end ++ [{sentinel, maps:get(sentinel, Config, undefined)}],
     PoolName = emqx_plugin_libs_pool:pool_name(InstId),
     case Type of
         cluster ->
             case eredis_cluster:start_pool(PoolName, Opts ++ [{options, Options}]) of
-                {ok, _}         -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName, type => Type}};
-                {ok, _, _}      -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName, type => Type}};
+                {ok, _} -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName, type => Type}};
+                {ok, _, _} -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName, type => Type}};
                 {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
             end;
         _ ->
-            case emqx_plugin_libs_pool:start_pool(PoolName, ?MODULE, Opts ++ [{options, Options}]) of
-                ok              -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName, type => Type}};
+            case
+                emqx_plugin_libs_pool:start_pool(PoolName, ?MODULE, Opts ++ [{options, Options}])
+            of
+                ok -> {ok, #{poolname => PoolName, type => Type}};
                 {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
             end
     end.
 
 on_stop(InstId, #{poolname := PoolName, type := Type}) ->
-    ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "stopping_redis_connector",
-                  connector => InstId}),
+    ?SLOG(info, #{
+        msg => "stopping_redis_connector",
+        connector => InstId
+    }),
     case Type of
         cluster -> eredis_cluster:stop_pool(PoolName);
         _ -> emqx_plugin_libs_pool:stop_pool(PoolName)
     end.
 
 on_query(InstId, {cmd, Command}, AfterCommand, #{poolname := PoolName, type := Type} = State) ->
-    ?TRACE("QUERY", "redis_connector_received",
-        #{connector => InstId, sql => Command, state => State}),
-    Result = case Type of
-                 cluster -> eredis_cluster:q(PoolName, Command);
-                 _ -> ecpool:pick_and_do(PoolName, {?MODULE, cmd, [Type, Command]}, no_handover)
-             end,
+    ?TRACE(
+        "QUERY",
+        "redis_connector_received",
+        #{connector => InstId, sql => Command, state => State}
+    ),
+    Result =
+        case Type of
+            cluster -> eredis_cluster:q(PoolName, Command);
+            _ -> ecpool:pick_and_do(PoolName, {?MODULE, cmd, [Type, Command]}, no_handover)
+        end,
     case Result of
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "redis_connector_do_cmd_query_failed",
-                connector => InstId, sql => Command, reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "redis_connector_do_cmd_query_failed",
+                connector => InstId,
+                sql => Command,
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             emqx_resource:query_failed(AfterCommand);
         _ ->
             emqx_resource:query_success(AfterCommand)
@@ -161,14 +198,19 @@ on_query(InstId, {cmd, Command}, AfterCommand, #{poolname := PoolName, type := T
     Result.
 
 extract_eredis_cluster_workers(PoolName) ->
-    lists:flatten([gen_server:call(PoolPid, get_all_workers) ||
-                             PoolPid <- eredis_cluster_monitor:get_all_pools(PoolName)]).
+    lists:flatten([
+        gen_server:call(PoolPid, get_all_workers)
+     || PoolPid <- eredis_cluster_monitor:get_all_pools(PoolName)
+    ]).
 
 eredis_cluster_workers_exist_and_are_connected(Workers) ->
-    length(Workers) > 0 andalso lists:all(
-        fun({_, Pid, _, _}) ->
-            eredis_cluster_pool_worker:is_connected(Pid) =:= true
-        end, Workers).
+    length(Workers) > 0 andalso
+        lists:all(
+            fun({_, Pid, _, _}) ->
+                eredis_cluster_pool_worker:is_connected(Pid) =:= true
+            end,
+            Workers
+        ).
 
 on_health_check(_InstId, #{type := cluster, poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
     case eredis_cluster:pool_exists(PoolName) of
@@ -178,12 +220,9 @@ on_health_check(_InstId, #{type := cluster, poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
                 true -> {ok, State};
                 false -> {error, health_check_failed, State}
             end;
-
         false ->
             {error, health_check_failed, State}
     end;
-
-
 on_health_check(_InstId, #{poolname := PoolName} = State) ->
     emqx_plugin_libs_pool:health_check(PoolName, fun ?MODULE:do_health_check/1, State).
 
@@ -206,28 +245,32 @@ connect(Opts) ->
     eredis:start_link(Opts).
 
 redis_fields() ->
-    [ {pool_size, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:pool_size/1}
-    , {password, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:password/1}
-    , {database, #{type => integer(),
-                   default => 0,
-                   required => true,
-                   desc => ?DESC("database")
-                  }}
-    , {auto_reconnect, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:auto_reconnect/1}
+    [
+        {pool_size, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:pool_size/1},
+        {password, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:password/1},
+        {database, #{
+            type => integer(),
+            default => 0,
+            required => true,
+            desc => ?DESC("database")
+        }},
+        {auto_reconnect, fun emqx_connector_schema_lib:auto_reconnect/1}
     ].
 
--spec to_server_raw(string())
-      -> {string(), pos_integer()}.
+-spec to_server_raw(string()) ->
+    {string(), pos_integer()}.
 to_server_raw(Server) ->
     emqx_connector_schema_lib:parse_server(Server, ?REDIS_HOST_OPTIONS).
 
--spec to_servers_raw(string())
-      -> [{string(), pos_integer()}].
+-spec to_servers_raw(string()) ->
+    [{string(), pos_integer()}].
 to_servers_raw(Servers) ->
-    lists:map( fun(Server) ->
-                   emqx_connector_schema_lib:parse_server(Server, ?REDIS_HOST_OPTIONS)
-               end
-             , string:tokens(str(Servers), ", ")).
+    lists:map(
+        fun(Server) ->
+            emqx_connector_schema_lib:parse_server(Server, ?REDIS_HOST_OPTIONS)
+        end,
+        string:tokens(str(Servers), ", ")
+    ).
 
 str(A) when is_atom(A) ->
     atom_to_list(A);
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_schema.erl
index 2b1d026b1..27f982e74 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_schema.erl
@@ -24,10 +24,11 @@
 
 -export([namespace/0, roots/0, fields/1, desc/1]).
 
--export([ get_response/0
-        , put_request/0
-        , post_request/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    get_response/0,
+    put_request/0,
+    post_request/0
+]).
 
 %% the config for http bridges do not need connectors
 -define(CONN_TYPES, [mqtt]).
@@ -55,18 +56,25 @@ namespace() -> connector.
 
 roots() -> ["connectors"].
 
-fields(connectors) -> fields("connectors");
+fields(connectors) ->
+    fields("connectors");
 fields("connectors") ->
-    [ {mqtt,
-       mk(hoconsc:map(name,
-            hoconsc:union([ ref(emqx_connector_mqtt_schema, "connector")
-                          ])),
-          #{ desc => ?DESC("mqtt")
-          })}
+    [
+        {mqtt,
+            mk(
+                hoconsc:map(
+                    name,
+                    hoconsc:union([ref(emqx_connector_mqtt_schema, "connector")])
+                ),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("mqtt")}
+            )}
     ].
 
-desc(Record) when Record =:= connectors;
-                  Record =:= "connectors" -> ?DESC("desc_connector");
+desc(Record) when
+    Record =:= connectors;
+    Record =:= "connectors"
+->
+    ?DESC("desc_connector");
 desc(_) ->
     undefined.
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_schema_lib.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_schema_lib.erl
index 8600253c6..86b12dcf3 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_schema_lib.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_schema_lib.erl
@@ -19,32 +19,36 @@
 -include_lib("typerefl/include/types.hrl").
 -include_lib("hocon/include/hoconsc.hrl").
 
--export([ relational_db_fields/0
-        , ssl_fields/0
-        , prepare_statement_fields/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    relational_db_fields/0,
+    ssl_fields/0,
+    prepare_statement_fields/0
+]).
 
--export([ ip_port_to_string/1
-        , parse_server/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    ip_port_to_string/1,
+    parse_server/2
+]).
 
--export([ pool_size/1
-        , database/1
-        , username/1
-        , password/1
-        , auto_reconnect/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    pool_size/1,
+    database/1,
+    username/1,
+    password/1,
+    auto_reconnect/1
+]).
 
 -type database() :: binary().
 -type pool_size() :: pos_integer().
 -type username() :: binary().
 -type password() :: binary().
 
--reflect_type([ database/0
-              , pool_size/0
-              , username/0
-              , password/0
-              ]).
+-reflect_type([
+    database/0,
+    pool_size/0,
+    username/0,
+    password/0
+]).
 
 -export([roots/0, fields/1]).
 
@@ -53,24 +57,25 @@ roots() -> [].
 fields(_) -> [].
 
 ssl_fields() ->
-    [ {ssl, #{type => hoconsc:ref(emqx_schema, "ssl_client_opts"),
-              default => #{<<"enable">> => false},
-              desc => ?DESC("ssl")
-             }
-      }
+    [
+        {ssl, #{
+            type => hoconsc:ref(emqx_schema, "ssl_client_opts"),
+            default => #{<<"enable">> => false},
+            desc => ?DESC("ssl")
+        }}
     ].
 
 relational_db_fields() ->
-    [ {database, fun database/1}
-    , {pool_size, fun pool_size/1}
-    , {username, fun username/1}
-    , {password, fun password/1}
-    , {auto_reconnect, fun auto_reconnect/1}
+    [
+        {database, fun database/1},
+        {pool_size, fun pool_size/1},
+        {username, fun username/1},
+        {password, fun password/1},
+        {auto_reconnect, fun auto_reconnect/1}
     ].
 
 prepare_statement_fields() ->
-    [ {prepare_statement, fun prepare_statement/1}
-    ].
+    [{prepare_statement, fun prepare_statement/1}].
 
 prepare_statement(type) -> map();
 prepare_statement(desc) -> ?DESC("prepare_statement");
@@ -113,16 +118,16 @@ parse_server(Str, #{host_type := inet_addr, default_port := DefaultPort}) ->
     try string:tokens(str(Str), ": ") of
         [Ip, Port] ->
             case parse_ip(Ip) of
-                {ok, R}    -> {R, list_to_integer(Port)}
+                {ok, R} -> {R, list_to_integer(Port)}
             end;
         [Ip] ->
             case parse_ip(Ip) of
-                {ok, R}    -> {R, DefaultPort}
+                {ok, R} -> {R, DefaultPort}
             end;
         _ ->
             ?THROW_ERROR("Bad server schema.")
     catch
-        error : Reason ->
+        error:Reason ->
             ?THROW_ERROR(Reason)
     end;
 parse_server(Str, #{host_type := hostname, default_port := DefaultPort}) ->
@@ -134,7 +139,7 @@ parse_server(Str, #{host_type := hostname, default_port := DefaultPort}) ->
         _ ->
             ?THROW_ERROR("Bad server schema.")
     catch
-        error : Reason ->
+        error:Reason ->
             ?THROW_ERROR(Reason)
     end;
 parse_server(_, _) ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_ssl.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_ssl.erl
index 02d9a4070..131b6cbd8 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_ssl.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_ssl.erl
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Copyright (c) 2020-2022 EMQ Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
 %%
@@ -17,9 +16,10 @@
 
 -module(emqx_connector_ssl).
 
--export([ convert_certs/2
-        , clear_certs/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    convert_certs/2,
+    clear_certs/2
+]).
 
 convert_certs(RltvDir, NewConfig) ->
     NewSSL = drop_invalid_certs(maps:get(<<"ssl">>, NewConfig, undefined)),
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ new_ssl_config(Config, SSL) -> Config#{<<"ssl">> => SSL}.
 drop_invalid_certs(undefined) -> undefined;
 drop_invalid_certs(SSL) -> emqx_tls_lib:drop_invalid_certs(SSL).
 
-map_get_oneof([], _Map, Default) -> Default;
+map_get_oneof([], _Map, Default) ->
+    Default;
 map_get_oneof([Key | Keys], Map, Default) ->
     case maps:find(Key, Map) of
         error ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_sup.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_sup.erl
index 0824a68bf..29fc5b4b5 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_sup.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/emqx_connector_sup.erl
@@ -27,20 +27,24 @@ start_link() ->
     supervisor:start_link({local, ?SERVER}, ?MODULE, []).
 
 init([]) ->
-    SupFlags = #{strategy => one_for_all,
-                 intensity => 5,
-                 period => 20},
+    SupFlags = #{
+        strategy => one_for_all,
+        intensity => 5,
+        period => 20
+    },
     ChildSpecs = [
         child_spec(emqx_connector_mqtt)
     ],
     {ok, {SupFlags, ChildSpecs}}.
 
 child_spec(Mod) ->
-    #{id => Mod,
-      start => {Mod, start_link, []},
-      restart => permanent,
-      shutdown => 3000,
-      type => supervisor,
-      modules => [Mod]}.
+    #{
+        id => Mod,
+        start => {Mod, start_link, []},
+        restart => permanent,
+        shutdown => 3000,
+        type => supervisor,
+        modules => [Mod]
+    }.
 
 %% internal functions
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_mod.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_mod.erl
index 1a9c55ced..2f4f61043 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_mod.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_mod.erl
@@ -18,21 +18,24 @@
 
 -module(emqx_connector_mqtt_mod).
 
--export([ start/1
-        , send/2
-        , stop/1
-        , ping/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start/1,
+    send/2,
+    stop/1,
+    ping/1
+]).
 
--export([ ensure_subscribed/3
-        , ensure_unsubscribed/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    ensure_subscribed/3,
+    ensure_unsubscribed/2
+]).
 
 %% callbacks for emqtt
--export([ handle_puback/2
-        , handle_publish/3
-        , handle_disconnected/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    handle_puback/2,
+    handle_publish/3,
+    handle_disconnected/2
+]).
 
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/emqx_mqtt.hrl").
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ start(Config) ->
                         ok = sub_remote_topics(Pid, Subscriptions),
                         {ok, #{client_pid => Pid, subscriptions => Subscriptions}}
                     catch
-                        throw : Reason ->
+                        throw:Reason ->
                             ok = stop(#{client_pid => Pid}),
                             {error, error_reason(Reason, ServerStr)}
                     end;
@@ -90,13 +93,14 @@ stop(#{client_pid := Pid}) ->
 
 ping(undefined) ->
     pang;
-
 ping(#{client_pid := Pid}) ->
     emqtt:ping(Pid).
 
-ensure_subscribed(#{client_pid := Pid, subscriptions := Subs} = Conn, Topic, QoS) when is_pid(Pid) ->
+ensure_subscribed(#{client_pid := Pid, subscriptions := Subs} = Conn, Topic, QoS) when
+    is_pid(Pid)
+->
     case emqtt:subscribe(Pid, Topic, QoS) of
-        {ok, _, _} -> Conn#{subscriptions => [{Topic, QoS}|Subs]};
+        {ok, _, _} -> Conn#{subscriptions => [{Topic, QoS} | Subs]};
         Error -> {error, Error}
     end;
 ensure_subscribed(_Conn, _Topic, _QoS) ->
@@ -120,15 +124,14 @@ safe_stop(Pid, StopF, Timeout) ->
     try
         StopF()
     catch
-        _ : _ ->
+        _:_ ->
             ok
     end,
     receive
         {'DOWN', MRef, _, _, _} ->
             ok
-    after
-        Timeout ->
-            exit(Pid, kill)
+    after Timeout ->
+        exit(Pid, kill)
     end.
 
 send(Conn, Msgs) ->
@@ -157,26 +160,38 @@ send(#{client_pid := ClientPid} = Conn, [Msg | Rest], PktIds) ->
             {error, Reason}
     end.
 
-handle_puback(#{packet_id := PktId, reason_code := RC}, Parent)
-  when RC =:= ?RC_SUCCESS;
-       RC =:= ?RC_NO_MATCHING_SUBSCRIBERS ->
-    Parent ! {batch_ack, PktId}, ok;
+handle_puback(#{packet_id := PktId, reason_code := RC}, Parent) when
+    RC =:= ?RC_SUCCESS;
+    RC =:= ?RC_NO_MATCHING_SUBSCRIBERS
+->
+    Parent ! {batch_ack, PktId},
+    ok;
 handle_puback(#{packet_id := PktId, reason_code := RC}, _Parent) ->
-    ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "publish_to_remote_node_falied",
-        packet_id => PktId, reason_code => RC}).
+    ?SLOG(warning, #{
+        msg => "publish_to_remote_node_falied",
+        packet_id => PktId,
+        reason_code => RC
+    }).
 
 handle_publish(Msg, undefined, _Opts) ->
-    ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "cannot_publish_to_local_broker_as"
-                          "_'ingress'_is_not_configured",
-                   message => Msg});
+    ?SLOG(error, #{
+        msg =>
+            "cannot_publish_to_local_broker_as"
+            "_'ingress'_is_not_configured",
+        message => Msg
+    });
 handle_publish(#{properties := Props} = Msg0, Vars, Opts) ->
     Msg = format_msg_received(Msg0, Opts),
-    ?SLOG(debug, #{msg => "publish_to_local_broker",
-                   message => Msg, vars => Vars}),
+    ?SLOG(debug, #{
+        msg => "publish_to_local_broker",
+        message => Msg,
+        vars => Vars
+    }),
     case Vars of
         #{on_message_received := {Mod, Func, Args}} ->
             _ = erlang:apply(Mod, Func, [Msg | Args]);
-        _ -> ok
+        _ ->
+            ok
     end,
     maybe_publish_to_local_broker(Msg, Vars, Props).
 
@@ -184,12 +199,14 @@ handle_disconnected(Reason, Parent) ->
     Parent ! {disconnected, self(), Reason}.
 
 make_hdlr(Parent, Vars, Opts) ->
-    #{puback => {fun ?MODULE:handle_puback/2, [Parent]},
-      publish => {fun ?MODULE:handle_publish/3, [Vars, Opts]},
-      disconnected => {fun ?MODULE:handle_disconnected/2, [Parent]}
-     }.
+    #{
+        puback => {fun ?MODULE:handle_puback/2, [Parent]},
+        publish => {fun ?MODULE:handle_publish/3, [Vars, Opts]},
+        disconnected => {fun ?MODULE:handle_disconnected/2, [Parent]}
+    }.
 
-sub_remote_topics(_ClientPid, undefined) -> ok;
+sub_remote_topics(_ClientPid, undefined) ->
+    ok;
 sub_remote_topics(ClientPid, #{remote_topic := FromTopic, remote_qos := QoS}) ->
     case emqtt:subscribe(ClientPid, FromTopic, QoS) of
         {ok, _, _} -> ok;
@@ -199,52 +216,82 @@ sub_remote_topics(ClientPid, #{remote_topic := FromTopic, remote_qos := QoS}) ->
 process_config(Config) ->
     maps:without([conn_type, address, receive_mountpoint, subscriptions, name], Config).
 
-maybe_publish_to_local_broker(#{topic := Topic} = Msg, #{remote_topic := SubTopic} = Vars,
-        Props) ->
+maybe_publish_to_local_broker(
+    #{topic := Topic} = Msg,
+    #{remote_topic := SubTopic} = Vars,
+    Props
+) ->
     case maps:get(local_topic, Vars, undefined) of
         undefined ->
-            ok; %% local topic is not set, discard it
+            %% local topic is not set, discard it
+            ok;
         _ ->
             case emqx_topic:match(Topic, SubTopic) of
                 true ->
-                    _ = emqx_broker:publish(emqx_connector_mqtt_msg:to_broker_msg(Msg, Vars, Props)),
+                    _ = emqx_broker:publish(
+                        emqx_connector_mqtt_msg:to_broker_msg(Msg, Vars, Props)
+                    ),
                     ok;
                 false ->
-                    ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "discard_message_as_topic_not_matched",
-                        message => Msg, subscribed => SubTopic, got_topic => Topic})
+                    ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                        msg => "discard_message_as_topic_not_matched",
+                        message => Msg,
+                        subscribed => SubTopic,
+                        got_topic => Topic
+                    })
             end
     end.
 
-format_msg_received(#{dup := Dup, payload := Payload, properties := Props,
-        qos := QoS, retain := Retain, topic := Topic}, #{server := Server}) ->
-    #{ id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())
-     , server => Server
-     , payload => Payload
-     , topic => Topic
-     , qos => QoS
-     , dup => Dup
-     , retain => Retain
-     , pub_props => printable_maps(Props)
-     , message_received_at => erlang:system_time(millisecond)
-     }.
+format_msg_received(
+    #{
+        dup := Dup,
+        payload := Payload,
+        properties := Props,
+        qos := QoS,
+        retain := Retain,
+        topic := Topic
+    },
+    #{server := Server}
+) ->
+    #{
+        id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen()),
+        server => Server,
+        payload => Payload,
+        topic => Topic,
+        qos => QoS,
+        dup => Dup,
+        retain => Retain,
+        pub_props => printable_maps(Props),
+        message_received_at => erlang:system_time(millisecond)
+    }.
 
-printable_maps(undefined) -> #{};
+printable_maps(undefined) ->
+    #{};
 printable_maps(Headers) ->
     maps:fold(
-        fun ('User-Property', V0, AccIn) when is_list(V0) ->
+        fun
+            ('User-Property', V0, AccIn) when is_list(V0) ->
                 AccIn#{
                     'User-Property' => maps:from_list(V0),
-                    'User-Property-Pairs' => [#{
-                        key => Key,
-                        value => Value
-                     } || {Key, Value} <- V0]
+                    'User-Property-Pairs' => [
+                        #{
+                            key => Key,
+                            value => Value
+                        }
+                     || {Key, Value} <- V0
+                    ]
                 };
-            (K, V0, AccIn) -> AccIn#{K => V0}
-        end, #{}, Headers).
+            (K, V0, AccIn) ->
+                AccIn#{K => V0}
+        end,
+        #{},
+        Headers
+    ).
 
 ip_port_to_server_str(Host, Port) ->
-    HostStr = case inet:ntoa(Host) of
-        {error, einval} -> Host;
-        IPStr -> IPStr
-    end,
+    HostStr =
+        case inet:ntoa(Host) of
+            {error, einval} -> Host;
+            IPStr -> IPStr
+        end,
     list_to_binary(io_lib:format("~s:~w", [HostStr, Port])).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_msg.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_msg.erl
index e8e4580f4..8cc582512 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_msg.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_msg.erl
@@ -16,17 +16,19 @@
 
 -module(emqx_connector_mqtt_msg).
 
--export([ to_binary/1
-        , from_binary/1
-        , make_pub_vars/2
-        , to_remote_msg/2
-        , to_broker_msg/3
-        , estimate_size/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    to_binary/1,
+    from_binary/1,
+    make_pub_vars/2,
+    to_remote_msg/2,
+    to_broker_msg/3,
+    estimate_size/1
+]).
 
--export([ replace_vars_in_str/2
-        , replace_simple_var/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    replace_vars_in_str/2,
+    replace_simple_var/2
+]).
 
 -export_type([msg/0]).
 
@@ -34,7 +36,6 @@
 
 -include_lib("emqtt/include/emqtt.hrl").
 
-
 -type msg() :: emqx_types:message().
 -type exp_msg() :: emqx_types:message() | #mqtt_msg{}.
 
@@ -46,7 +47,8 @@
     payload := binary()
 }.
 
-make_pub_vars(_, undefined) -> undefined;
+make_pub_vars(_, undefined) ->
+    undefined;
 make_pub_vars(Mountpoint, Conf) when is_map(Conf) ->
     Conf#{mountpoint => Mountpoint}.
 
@@ -57,37 +59,56 @@ make_pub_vars(Mountpoint, Conf) when is_map(Conf) ->
 %% Shame that we have to know the callback module here
 %% would be great if we can get rid of #mqtt_msg{} record
 %% and use #message{} in all places.
--spec to_remote_msg(msg() | map(), variables())
-        -> exp_msg().
+-spec to_remote_msg(msg() | map(), variables()) ->
+    exp_msg().
 to_remote_msg(#message{flags = Flags0} = Msg, Vars) ->
     Retain0 = maps:get(retain, Flags0, false),
     MapMsg = maps:put(retain, Retain0, emqx_rule_events:eventmsg_publish(Msg)),
     to_remote_msg(MapMsg, Vars);
-to_remote_msg(MapMsg, #{remote_topic := TopicToken, payload := PayloadToken,
-        remote_qos := QoSToken, retain := RetainToken, mountpoint := Mountpoint}) when is_map(MapMsg) ->
+to_remote_msg(MapMsg, #{
+    remote_topic := TopicToken,
+    payload := PayloadToken,
+    remote_qos := QoSToken,
+    retain := RetainToken,
+    mountpoint := Mountpoint
+}) when is_map(MapMsg) ->
     Topic = replace_vars_in_str(TopicToken, MapMsg),
     Payload = process_payload(PayloadToken, MapMsg),
     QoS = replace_simple_var(QoSToken, MapMsg),
     Retain = replace_simple_var(RetainToken, MapMsg),
-    #mqtt_msg{qos = QoS,
-              retain = Retain,
-              topic = topic(Mountpoint, Topic),
-              props = #{},
-              payload = Payload};
+    #mqtt_msg{
+        qos = QoS,
+        retain = Retain,
+        topic = topic(Mountpoint, Topic),
+        props = #{},
+        payload = Payload
+    };
 to_remote_msg(#message{topic = Topic} = Msg, #{mountpoint := Mountpoint}) ->
     Msg#message{topic = topic(Mountpoint, Topic)}.
 
 %% published from remote node over a MQTT connection
-to_broker_msg(#{dup := Dup} = MapMsg,
-            #{local_topic := TopicToken, payload := PayloadToken,
-              local_qos := QoSToken, retain := RetainToken, mountpoint := Mountpoint}, Props) ->
+to_broker_msg(
+    #{dup := Dup} = MapMsg,
+    #{
+        local_topic := TopicToken,
+        payload := PayloadToken,
+        local_qos := QoSToken,
+        retain := RetainToken,
+        mountpoint := Mountpoint
+    },
+    Props
+) ->
     Topic = replace_vars_in_str(TopicToken, MapMsg),
     Payload = process_payload(PayloadToken, MapMsg),
     QoS = replace_simple_var(QoSToken, MapMsg),
     Retain = replace_simple_var(RetainToken, MapMsg),
-    set_headers(Props,
-        emqx_message:set_flags(#{dup => Dup, retain => Retain},
-            emqx_message:make(bridge, QoS, topic(Mountpoint, Topic), Payload))).
+    set_headers(
+        Props,
+        emqx_message:set_flags(
+            #{dup => Dup, retain => Retain},
+            emqx_message:make(bridge, QoS, topic(Mountpoint, Topic), Payload)
+        )
+    ).
 
 process_payload([], Msg) ->
     emqx_json:encode(Msg);
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_schema.erl
index d913e1ecf..25dc4a50f 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_schema.erl
@@ -21,15 +21,17 @@
 
 -behaviour(hocon_schema).
 
--export([ namespace/0
-        , roots/0
-        , fields/1
-        , desc/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    namespace/0,
+    roots/0,
+    fields/1,
+    desc/1
+]).
 
--export([ ingress_desc/0
-        , egress_desc/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    ingress_desc/0,
+    egress_desc/0
+]).
 
 -import(emqx_schema, [mk_duration/2]).
 
@@ -40,146 +42,210 @@ roots() ->
 
 fields("config") ->
     fields("connector") ++
-    topic_mappings();
-
+        topic_mappings();
 fields("connector") ->
-    [ {mode,
-        sc(hoconsc:enum([cluster_shareload]),
-           #{ default => cluster_shareload
-            , desc => ?DESC("mode")
-            })}
-    , {server,
-        sc(emqx_schema:ip_port(),
-           #{ required => true
-            , desc => ?DESC("server")
-            })}
-    , {reconnect_interval, mk_duration(
-        "Reconnect interval. Delay for the MQTT bridge to retry establishing the connection "
-        "in case of transportation failure.",
-        #{default => "15s"})}
-    , {proto_ver,
-        sc(hoconsc:enum([v3, v4, v5]),
-           #{ default => v4
-            , desc => ?DESC("proto_ver")
-            })}
-    , {username,
-        sc(binary(),
-           #{ default => "emqx"
-            , desc => ?DESC("username")
-            })}
-    , {password,
-        sc(binary(),
-           #{ default => "emqx"
-            , desc => ?DESC("password")
-            })}
-    , {clean_start,
-        sc(boolean(),
-           #{ default => true
-            , desc => ?DESC("clean_start")
-            })}
-    , {keepalive, mk_duration("MQTT Keepalive.", #{default => "300s"})}
-    , {retry_interval, mk_duration(
-        "Message retry interval. Delay for the MQTT bridge to retry sending the QoS1/QoS2 "
-        "messages in case of ACK not received.",
-        #{default => "15s"})}
-    , {max_inflight,
-        sc(non_neg_integer(),
-           #{ default => 32
-            , desc => ?DESC("max_inflight")
-            })}
-    , {replayq,
-        sc(ref("replayq"), #{})}
+    [
+        {mode,
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:enum([cluster_shareload]),
+                #{
+                    default => cluster_shareload,
+                    desc => ?DESC("mode")
+                }
+            )},
+        {server,
+            sc(
+                emqx_schema:ip_port(),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC("server")
+                }
+            )},
+        {reconnect_interval,
+            mk_duration(
+                "Reconnect interval. Delay for the MQTT bridge to retry establishing the connection "
+                "in case of transportation failure.",
+                #{default => "15s"}
+            )},
+        {proto_ver,
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:enum([v3, v4, v5]),
+                #{
+                    default => v4,
+                    desc => ?DESC("proto_ver")
+                }
+            )},
+        {username,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    default => "emqx",
+                    desc => ?DESC("username")
+                }
+            )},
+        {password,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    default => "emqx",
+                    desc => ?DESC("password")
+                }
+            )},
+        {clean_start,
+            sc(
+                boolean(),
+                #{
+                    default => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC("clean_start")
+                }
+            )},
+        {keepalive, mk_duration("MQTT Keepalive.", #{default => "300s"})},
+        {retry_interval,
+            mk_duration(
+                "Message retry interval. Delay for the MQTT bridge to retry sending the QoS1/QoS2 "
+                "messages in case of ACK not received.",
+                #{default => "15s"}
+            )},
+        {max_inflight,
+            sc(
+                non_neg_integer(),
+                #{
+                    default => 32,
+                    desc => ?DESC("max_inflight")
+                }
+            )},
+        {replayq, sc(ref("replayq"), #{})}
     ] ++ emqx_connector_schema_lib:ssl_fields();
-
 fields("ingress") ->
     %% the message maybe subscribed by rules, in this case 'local_topic' is not necessary
-    [ {remote_topic,
-        sc(binary(),
-           #{ required => true
-            , validator => fun emqx_schema:non_empty_string/1
-            , desc => ?DESC("ingress_remote_topic")
-            })}
-    , {remote_qos,
-        sc(qos(),
-           #{ default => 1
-            , desc => ?DESC("ingress_remote_qos")
-            })}
-    , {local_topic,
-        sc(binary(),
-           #{ validator => fun emqx_schema:non_empty_string/1
-            , desc => ?DESC("ingress_local_topic")
-            })}
-    , {local_qos,
-        sc(qos(),
-           #{ default => <<"${qos}">>
-            , desc => ?DESC("ingress_local_qos")
-            })}
-    , {hookpoint,
-        sc(binary(),
-           #{ desc => ?DESC("ingress_hookpoint")
-            })}
+    [
+        {remote_topic,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    validator => fun emqx_schema:non_empty_string/1,
+                    desc => ?DESC("ingress_remote_topic")
+                }
+            )},
+        {remote_qos,
+            sc(
+                qos(),
+                #{
+                    default => 1,
+                    desc => ?DESC("ingress_remote_qos")
+                }
+            )},
+        {local_topic,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    validator => fun emqx_schema:non_empty_string/1,
+                    desc => ?DESC("ingress_local_topic")
+                }
+            )},
+        {local_qos,
+            sc(
+                qos(),
+                #{
+                    default => <<"${qos}">>,
+                    desc => ?DESC("ingress_local_qos")
+                }
+            )},
+        {hookpoint,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("ingress_hookpoint")}
+            )},
 
-    , {retain,
-       sc(hoconsc:union([boolean(), binary()]),
-          #{ default => <<"${retain}">>
-           , desc => ?DESC("retain")
-           })}
+        {retain,
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:union([boolean(), binary()]),
+                #{
+                    default => <<"${retain}">>,
+                    desc => ?DESC("retain")
+                }
+            )},
 
-    , {payload,
-       sc(binary(),
-          #{ default => <<"${payload}">>
-           , desc => ?DESC("payload")
-           })}
+        {payload,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    default => <<"${payload}">>,
+                    desc => ?DESC("payload")
+                }
+            )}
     ];
-
-
 fields("egress") ->
     %% the message maybe sent from rules, in this case 'local_topic' is not necessary
-    [ {local_topic,
-        sc(binary(),
-           #{ desc => ?DESC("egress_local_topic")
-            , validator => fun emqx_schema:non_empty_string/1
-            })}
-    , {remote_topic,
-        sc(binary(),
-           #{ required => true
-            , validator => fun emqx_schema:non_empty_string/1
-            , desc => ?DESC("egress_remote_topic")
-            })}
-    , {remote_qos,
-        sc(qos(),
-           #{ required => true
-            , desc => ?DESC("egress_remote_qos")
-            })}
+    [
+        {local_topic,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("egress_local_topic"),
+                    validator => fun emqx_schema:non_empty_string/1
+                }
+            )},
+        {remote_topic,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    validator => fun emqx_schema:non_empty_string/1,
+                    desc => ?DESC("egress_remote_topic")
+                }
+            )},
+        {remote_qos,
+            sc(
+                qos(),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC("egress_remote_qos")
+                }
+            )},
 
-    , {retain,
-        sc(hoconsc:union([boolean(), binary()]),
-           #{ required => true
-            , desc => ?DESC("retain")
-            })}
+        {retain,
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:union([boolean(), binary()]),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC("retain")
+                }
+            )},
 
-    , {payload,
-        sc(binary(),
-           #{ required => true
-            , desc => ?DESC("payload")
-            })}
+        {payload,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC("payload")
+                }
+            )}
     ];
-
 fields("replayq") ->
-    [ {dir,
-        sc(hoconsc:union([boolean(), string()]),
-           #{ desc => ?DESC("dir")
-            })}
-    , {seg_bytes,
-        sc(emqx_schema:bytesize(),
-           #{ default => "100MB"
-            , desc => ?DESC("seg_bytes")
-            })}
-    , {offload,
-        sc(boolean(),
-           #{ default => false
-            , desc => ?DESC("offload")
-            })}
+    [
+        {dir,
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:union([boolean(), string()]),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("dir")}
+            )},
+        {seg_bytes,
+            sc(
+                emqx_schema:bytesize(),
+                #{
+                    default => "100MB",
+                    desc => ?DESC("seg_bytes")
+                }
+            )},
+        {offload,
+            sc(
+                boolean(),
+                #{
+                    default => false,
+                    desc => ?DESC("offload")
+                }
+            )}
     ].
 
 desc("connector") ->
@@ -194,34 +260,37 @@ desc(_) ->
     undefined.
 
 topic_mappings() ->
-    [ {ingress,
-        sc(ref("ingress"),
-           #{ default => #{}
-            })}
-    , {egress,
-        sc(ref("egress"),
-           #{ default => #{}
-            })}
+    [
+        {ingress,
+            sc(
+                ref("ingress"),
+                #{default => #{}}
+            )},
+        {egress,
+            sc(
+                ref("egress"),
+                #{default => #{}}
+            )}
     ].
 
-ingress_desc() -> "
-The ingress config defines how this bridge receive messages from the remote MQTT broker, and then
-send them to the local broker.</br>
-Template with variables is allowed in 'local_topic', 'remote_qos', 'qos', 'retain',
-'payload'.</br>
-NOTE: if this bridge is used as the input of a rule (emqx rule engine), and also local_topic is
-configured, then messages got from the remote broker will be sent to both the 'local_topic' and
-the rule.
-".
+ingress_desc() ->
+    "\n"
+    "The ingress config defines how this bridge receive messages from the remote MQTT broker, and then\n"
+    "send them to the local broker.</br>\n"
+    "Template with variables is allowed in 'local_topic', 'remote_qos', 'qos', 'retain',\n"
+    "'payload'.</br>\n"
+    "NOTE: if this bridge is used as the input of a rule (emqx rule engine), and also local_topic is\n"
+    "configured, then messages got from the remote broker will be sent to both the 'local_topic' and\n"
+    "the rule.\n".
 
-egress_desc() -> "
-The egress config defines how this bridge forwards messages from the local broker to the remote
-broker.</br>
-Template with variables is allowed in 'remote_topic', 'qos', 'retain', 'payload'.</br>
-NOTE: if this bridge is used as the output of a rule (emqx rule engine), and also local_topic
-is configured, then both the data got from the rule and the MQTT messages that matches
-local_topic will be forwarded.
-".
+egress_desc() ->
+    "\n"
+    "The egress config defines how this bridge forwards messages from the local broker to the remote\n"
+    "broker.</br>\n"
+    "Template with variables is allowed in 'remote_topic', 'qos', 'retain', 'payload'.</br>\n"
+    "NOTE: if this bridge is used as the output of a rule (emqx rule engine), and also local_topic\n"
+    "is configured, then both the data got from the rule and the MQTT messages that matches\n"
+    "local_topic will be forwarded.\n".
 
 qos() ->
     hoconsc:union([emqx_schema:qos(), binary()]).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_worker.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_worker.erl
index 184c112ed..a434dd762 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_worker.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/src/mqtt/emqx_connector_mqtt_worker.erl
@@ -66,43 +66,46 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
 %% APIs
--export([ start_link/1
-        , register_metrics/0
-        , stop/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start_link/1,
+    register_metrics/0,
+    stop/1
+]).
 
 %% gen_statem callbacks
--export([ terminate/3
-        , code_change/4
-        , init/1
-        , callback_mode/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    terminate/3,
+    code_change/4,
+    init/1,
+    callback_mode/0
+]).
 
 %% state functions
--export([ idle/3
-        , connected/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    idle/3,
+    connected/3
+]).
 
 %% management APIs
--export([ ensure_started/1
-        , ensure_stopped/1
-        , status/1
-        , ping/1
-        , send_to_remote/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    ensure_started/1,
+    ensure_stopped/1,
+    status/1,
+    ping/1,
+    send_to_remote/2
+]).
 
--export([ get_forwards/1
-        ]).
+-export([get_forwards/1]).
 
--export([ get_subscriptions/1
-        ]).
+-export([get_subscriptions/1]).
 
 %% Internal
 -export([msg_marshaller/1]).
 
--export_type([ config/0
-             , ack_ref/0
-             ]).
+-export_type([
+    config/0,
+    ack_ref/0
+]).
 
 -type id() :: atom() | string() | pid().
 -type qos() :: emqx_types:qos().
@@ -113,7 +116,6 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/emqx_mqtt.hrl").
 
-
 %% same as default in-flight limit for emqtt
 -define(DEFAULT_INFLIGHT_SIZE, 32).
 -define(DEFAULT_RECONNECT_DELAY_MS, timer:seconds(5)).
@@ -188,8 +190,10 @@ callback_mode() -> [state_functions].
 
 %% @doc Config should be a map().
 init(#{name := Name} = ConnectOpts) ->
-    ?SLOG(debug, #{msg => "starting_bridge_worker",
-                   name => Name}),
+    ?SLOG(debug, #{
+        msg => "starting_bridge_worker",
+        name => Name
+    }),
     erlang:process_flag(trap_exit, true),
     Queue = open_replayq(Name, maps:get(replayq, ConnectOpts, #{})),
     State = init_state(ConnectOpts),
@@ -205,31 +209,44 @@ init_state(Opts) ->
     Mountpoint = maps:get(forward_mountpoint, Opts, undefined),
     MaxInflightSize = maps:get(max_inflight, Opts, ?DEFAULT_INFLIGHT_SIZE),
     Name = maps:get(name, Opts, undefined),
-    #{start_type => StartType,
-      reconnect_interval => ReconnDelayMs,
-      mountpoint => format_mountpoint(Mountpoint),
-      inflight => [],
-      max_inflight => MaxInflightSize,
-      connection => undefined,
-      name => Name}.
+    #{
+        start_type => StartType,
+        reconnect_interval => ReconnDelayMs,
+        mountpoint => format_mountpoint(Mountpoint),
+        inflight => [],
+        max_inflight => MaxInflightSize,
+        connection => undefined,
+        name => Name
+    }.
 
 open_replayq(Name, QCfg) ->
     Dir = maps:get(dir, QCfg, undefined),
     SegBytes = maps:get(seg_bytes, QCfg, ?DEFAULT_SEG_BYTES),
     MaxTotalSize = maps:get(max_total_size, QCfg, ?DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL_SIZE),
-    QueueConfig = case Dir =:= undefined orelse Dir =:= "" of
-        true -> #{mem_only => true};
-        false -> #{dir => filename:join([Dir, node(), Name]),
-                   seg_bytes => SegBytes, max_total_size => MaxTotalSize}
-    end,
-    replayq:open(QueueConfig#{sizer => fun emqx_connector_mqtt_msg:estimate_size/1,
-                              marshaller => fun ?MODULE:msg_marshaller/1}).
+    QueueConfig =
+        case Dir =:= undefined orelse Dir =:= "" of
+            true ->
+                #{mem_only => true};
+            false ->
+                #{
+                    dir => filename:join([Dir, node(), Name]),
+                    seg_bytes => SegBytes,
+                    max_total_size => MaxTotalSize
+                }
+        end,
+    replayq:open(QueueConfig#{
+        sizer => fun emqx_connector_mqtt_msg:estimate_size/1,
+        marshaller => fun ?MODULE:msg_marshaller/1
+    }).
 
 pre_process_opts(#{subscriptions := InConf, forwards := OutConf} = ConnectOpts) ->
-    ConnectOpts#{subscriptions => pre_process_in_out(in, InConf),
-                 forwards => pre_process_in_out(out, OutConf)}.
+    ConnectOpts#{
+        subscriptions => pre_process_in_out(in, InConf),
+        forwards => pre_process_in_out(out, OutConf)
+    }.
 
-pre_process_in_out(_, undefined) -> undefined;
+pre_process_in_out(_, undefined) ->
+    undefined;
 pre_process_in_out(in, Conf) when is_map(Conf) ->
     Conf1 = pre_process_conf(local_topic, Conf),
     Conf2 = pre_process_conf(local_qos, Conf1),
@@ -245,7 +262,8 @@ pre_process_in_out_common(Conf) ->
 
 pre_process_conf(Key, Conf) ->
     case maps:find(Key, Conf) of
-        error -> Conf;
+        error ->
+            Conf;
         {ok, Val} when is_binary(Val) ->
             Conf#{Key => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(Val)};
         {ok, Val} ->
@@ -276,7 +294,6 @@ idle(info, idle, #{start_type := auto} = State) ->
     connecting(State);
 idle(state_timeout, reconnect, State) ->
     connecting(State);
-
 idle(Type, Content, State) ->
     common(idle, Type, Content, State).
 
@@ -298,13 +315,16 @@ connected(state_timeout, connected, #{inflight := Inflight} = State) ->
 connected(internal, maybe_send, State) ->
     {_, NewState} = pop_and_send(State),
     {keep_state, NewState};
-
-connected(info, {disconnected, Conn, Reason},
-          #{connection := Connection, name := Name, reconnect_interval := ReconnectDelayMs} = State) ->
+connected(
+    info,
+    {disconnected, Conn, Reason},
+    #{connection := Connection, name := Name, reconnect_interval := ReconnectDelayMs} = State
+) ->
     ?tp(info, disconnected, #{name => Name, reason => Reason}),
-    case Conn =:= maps:get(client_pid, Connection, undefined)  of
+    case Conn =:= maps:get(client_pid, Connection, undefined) of
         true ->
-            {next_state, idle, State#{connection => undefined}, {state_timeout, ReconnectDelayMs, reconnect}};
+            {next_state, idle, State#{connection => undefined},
+                {state_timeout, ReconnectDelayMs, reconnect}};
         false ->
             keep_state_and_data
     end;
@@ -317,7 +337,7 @@ connected(Type, Content, State) ->
 %% Common handlers
 common(StateName, {call, From}, status, _State) ->
     {keep_state_and_data, [{reply, From, StateName}]};
-common(_StateName, {call, From}, ping, #{connection := Conn} =_State) ->
+common(_StateName, {call, From}, ping, #{connection := Conn} = _State) ->
     Reply = emqx_connector_mqtt_mod:ping(Conn),
     {keep_state_and_data, [{reply, From, Reply}]};
 common(_StateName, {call, From}, ensure_stopped, #{connection := undefined} = _State) ->
@@ -335,27 +355,39 @@ common(_StateName, cast, {send_to_remote, Msg}, #{replayq := Q} = State) ->
     NewQ = replayq:append(Q, [Msg]),
     {keep_state, State#{replayq => NewQ}, {next_event, internal, maybe_send}};
 common(StateName, Type, Content, #{name := Name} = State) ->
-    ?SLOG(notice, #{msg => "bridge_discarded_event",
-        name => Name, type => Type, state_name => StateName,
-        content => Content}),
+    ?SLOG(notice, #{
+        msg => "bridge_discarded_event",
+        name => Name,
+        type => Type,
+        state_name => StateName,
+        content => Content
+    }),
     {keep_state, State}.
 
-do_connect(#{connect_opts := ConnectOpts,
-             inflight := Inflight,
-             name := Name} = State) ->
+do_connect(
+    #{
+        connect_opts := ConnectOpts,
+        inflight := Inflight,
+        name := Name
+    } = State
+) ->
     case emqx_connector_mqtt_mod:start(ConnectOpts) of
         {ok, Conn} ->
             ?tp(info, connected, #{name => Name, inflight => length(Inflight)}),
             {ok, State#{connection => Conn}};
         {error, Reason} ->
             ConnectOpts1 = obfuscate(ConnectOpts),
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "failed_to_connect",
-                config => ConnectOpts1, reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "failed_to_connect",
+                config => ConnectOpts1,
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             {error, Reason, State}
     end.
 
 %% Retry all inflight (previously sent but not acked) batches.
-retry_inflight(State, []) -> {ok, State};
+retry_inflight(State, []) ->
+    {ok, State};
 retry_inflight(State, [#{q_ack_ref := QAckRef, msg := Msg} | Rest] = OldInf) ->
     case do_send(State, QAckRef, Msg) of
         {ok, State1} ->
@@ -386,28 +418,49 @@ pop_and_send_loop(#{replayq := Q} = State, N) ->
     end.
 
 do_send(#{connect_opts := #{forwards := undefined}}, _QAckRef, Msg) ->
-    ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "cannot_forward_messages_to_remote_broker"
-                          "_as_'egress'_is_not_configured",
-                   messages => Msg});
-do_send(#{inflight := Inflight,
-          connection := Connection,
-          mountpoint := Mountpoint,
-          connect_opts := #{forwards := Forwards}} = State, QAckRef, Msg) ->
+    ?SLOG(error, #{
+        msg =>
+            "cannot_forward_messages_to_remote_broker"
+            "_as_'egress'_is_not_configured",
+        messages => Msg
+    });
+do_send(
+    #{
+        inflight := Inflight,
+        connection := Connection,
+        mountpoint := Mountpoint,
+        connect_opts := #{forwards := Forwards}
+    } = State,
+    QAckRef,
+    Msg
+) ->
     Vars = emqx_connector_mqtt_msg:make_pub_vars(Mountpoint, Forwards),
     ExportMsg = fun(Message) ->
-                    emqx_metrics:inc('bridge.mqtt.message_sent_to_remote'),
-                    emqx_connector_mqtt_msg:to_remote_msg(Message, Vars)
-                end,
-    ?SLOG(debug, #{msg => "publish_to_remote_broker",
-        message => Msg, vars => Vars}),
+        emqx_metrics:inc('bridge.mqtt.message_sent_to_remote'),
+        emqx_connector_mqtt_msg:to_remote_msg(Message, Vars)
+    end,
+    ?SLOG(debug, #{
+        msg => "publish_to_remote_broker",
+        message => Msg,
+        vars => Vars
+    }),
     case emqx_connector_mqtt_mod:send(Connection, [ExportMsg(Msg)]) of
         {ok, Refs} ->
-            {ok, State#{inflight := Inflight ++ [#{q_ack_ref => QAckRef,
-                                                   send_ack_ref => map_set(Refs),
-                                                   msg => Msg}]}};
+            {ok, State#{
+                inflight := Inflight ++
+                    [
+                        #{
+                            q_ack_ref => QAckRef,
+                            send_ack_ref => map_set(Refs),
+                            msg => Msg
+                        }
+                    ]
+            }};
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(info, #{msg => "mqtt_bridge_produce_failed",
-                reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(info, #{
+                msg => "mqtt_bridge_produce_failed",
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             {error, State}
     end.
 
@@ -427,8 +480,10 @@ handle_batch_ack(#{inflight := Inflight0, replayq := Q} = State, Ref) ->
     State#{inflight := Inflight}.
 
 do_ack([], Ref) ->
-    ?SLOG(debug, #{msg => "stale_batch_ack_reference",
-                   ref => Ref}),
+    ?SLOG(debug, #{
+        msg => "stale_batch_ack_reference",
+        ref => Ref
+    }),
     [];
 do_ack([#{send_ack_ref := Refs} = First | Rest], Ref) ->
     case maps:is_key(Ref, Refs) of
@@ -443,8 +498,16 @@ do_ack([#{send_ack_ref := Refs} = First | Rest], Ref) ->
 drop_acked_batches(_Q, []) ->
     ?tp(debug, inflight_drained, #{}),
     [];
-drop_acked_batches(Q, [#{send_ack_ref := Refs,
-                         q_ack_ref := QAckRef} | Rest] = All) ->
+drop_acked_batches(
+    Q,
+    [
+        #{
+            send_ack_ref := Refs,
+            q_ack_ref := QAckRef
+        }
+        | Rest
+    ] = All
+) ->
     case maps:size(Refs) of
         0 ->
             %% all messages are acked by bridge target
@@ -475,18 +538,25 @@ format_mountpoint(Prefix) ->
 name(Id) -> list_to_atom(str(Id)).
 
 register_metrics() ->
-    lists:foreach(fun emqx_metrics:ensure/1,
-                  ['bridge.mqtt.message_sent_to_remote',
-                   'bridge.mqtt.message_received_from_remote'
-                  ]).
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun emqx_metrics:ensure/1,
+        [
+            'bridge.mqtt.message_sent_to_remote',
+            'bridge.mqtt.message_received_from_remote'
+        ]
+    ).
 
 obfuscate(Map) ->
-    maps:fold(fun(K, V, Acc) ->
-                      case is_sensitive(K) of
-                          true -> [{K, '***'} | Acc];
-                          false -> [{K, V} | Acc]
-                      end
-              end, [], Map).
+    maps:fold(
+        fun(K, V, Acc) ->
+            case is_sensitive(K) of
+                true -> [{K, '***'} | Acc];
+                false -> [{K, V} | Acc]
+            end
+        end,
+        [],
+        Map
+    ).
 
 is_sensitive(password) -> true;
 is_sensitive(_) -> false.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_api_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_api_SUITE.erl
index 329bfe059..65a965d60 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_api_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_api_SUITE.erl
@@ -26,27 +26,23 @@
 -include("emqx_dashboard/include/emqx_dashboard.hrl").
 
 %% output functions
--export([ inspect/3
-        ]).
+-export([inspect/3]).
 
 -define(BRIDGE_CONF_DEFAULT, <<"bridges: {}">>).
 -define(CONNECTR_TYPE, <<"mqtt">>).
 -define(CONNECTR_NAME, <<"test_connector">>).
 -define(BRIDGE_NAME_INGRESS, <<"ingress_test_bridge">>).
 -define(BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS, <<"egress_test_bridge">>).
--define(MQTT_CONNECTOR(Username),
-#{
+-define(MQTT_CONNECTOR(Username), #{
     <<"server">> => <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>,
     <<"username">> => Username,
     <<"password">> => <<"">>,
     <<"proto_ver">> => <<"v4">>,
     <<"ssl">> => #{<<"enable">> => false}
 }).
--define(MQTT_CONNECTOR2(Server),
-    ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(<<"user1">>)#{<<"server">> => Server}).
+-define(MQTT_CONNECTOR2(Server), ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(<<"user1">>)#{<<"server">> => Server}).
 
--define(MQTT_BRIDGE_INGRESS(ID),
-#{
+-define(MQTT_BRIDGE_INGRESS(ID), #{
     <<"connector">> => ID,
     <<"direction">> => <<"ingress">>,
     <<"remote_topic">> => <<"remote_topic/#">>,
@@ -57,8 +53,7 @@
     <<"retain">> => <<"${retain}">>
 }).
 
--define(MQTT_BRIDGE_EGRESS(ID),
-#{
+-define(MQTT_BRIDGE_EGRESS(ID), #{
     <<"connector">> => ID,
     <<"direction">> => <<"egress">>,
     <<"local_topic">> => <<"local_topic/#">>,
@@ -68,10 +63,14 @@
     <<"retain">> => <<"${retain}">>
 }).
 
--define(metrics(MATCH, SUCC, FAILED, SPEED, SPEED5M, SPEEDMAX),
-    #{<<"matched">> := MATCH, <<"success">> := SUCC,
-      <<"failed">> := FAILED, <<"rate">> := SPEED,
-      <<"rate_last5m">> := SPEED5M, <<"rate_max">> := SPEEDMAX}).
+-define(metrics(MATCH, SUCC, FAILED, SPEED, SPEED5M, SPEEDMAX), #{
+    <<"matched">> := MATCH,
+    <<"success">> := SUCC,
+    <<"failed">> := FAILED,
+    <<"rate">> := SPEED,
+    <<"rate_last5m">> := SPEED5M,
+    <<"rate_max">> := SPEEDMAX
+}).
 
 inspect(Selected, _Envs, _Args) ->
     persistent_term:put(?MODULE, #{inspect => Selected}).
@@ -83,24 +82,37 @@ groups() ->
     [].
 
 suite() ->
-	[{timetrap,{seconds,30}}].
+    [{timetrap, {seconds, 30}}].
 
 init_per_suite(Config) ->
     _ = application:load(emqx_conf),
     %% some testcases (may from other app) already get emqx_connector started
     _ = application:stop(emqx_resource),
     _ = application:stop(emqx_connector),
-    ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:start_apps([emqx_rule_engine, emqx_connector,
-        emqx_bridge, emqx_dashboard], fun set_special_configs/1),
+    ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:start_apps(
+        [
+            emqx_rule_engine,
+            emqx_connector,
+            emqx_bridge,
+            emqx_dashboard
+        ],
+        fun set_special_configs/1
+    ),
     ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:load_config(emqx_connector_schema, <<"connectors: {}">>),
-    ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:load_config(emqx_rule_engine_schema,
-                                              <<"rule_engine {rules {}}">>),
+    ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:load_config(
+        emqx_rule_engine_schema,
+        <<"rule_engine {rules {}}">>
+    ),
     ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:load_config(emqx_bridge_schema, ?BRIDGE_CONF_DEFAULT),
     Config.
 
 end_per_suite(_Config) ->
-    emqx_common_test_helpers:stop_apps([emqx_rule_engine, emqx_connector, emqx_bridge,
-        emqx_dashboard]),
+    emqx_common_test_helpers:stop_apps([
+        emqx_rule_engine,
+        emqx_connector,
+        emqx_bridge,
+        emqx_dashboard
+    ]),
     ok.
 
 set_special_configs(emqx_dashboard) ->
@@ -116,15 +128,24 @@ end_per_testcase(_, _Config) ->
     ok.
 
 clear_resources() ->
-    lists:foreach(fun(#{id := Id}) ->
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(#{id := Id}) ->
             ok = emqx_rule_engine:delete_rule(Id)
-        end, emqx_rule_engine:get_rules()),
-    lists:foreach(fun(#{type := Type, name := Name}) ->
+        end,
+        emqx_rule_engine:get_rules()
+    ),
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(#{type := Type, name := Name}) ->
             ok = emqx_bridge:remove(Type, Name)
-        end, emqx_bridge:list()),
-    lists:foreach(fun(#{<<"type">> := Type, <<"name">> := Name}) ->
+        end,
+        emqx_bridge:list()
+    ),
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(#{<<"type">> := Type, <<"name">> := Name}) ->
             ok = emqx_connector:delete(Type, Name)
-        end, emqx_connector:list_raw()).
+        end,
+        emqx_connector:list_raw()
+    ).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Testcases
@@ -137,103 +158,144 @@ t_mqtt_crud_apis(_) ->
     %% then we add a mqtt connector, using POST
     %% POST /connectors/ will create a connector
     User1 = <<"user1">>,
-    {ok, 400, <<"{\"code\":\"BAD_REQUEST\",\"message\""
-                ":\"missing some required fields: [name, type]\"}">>}
-        = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User1)#{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                               }),
-    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User1)#{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                               , <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                               }),
+    {ok, 400, <<
+        "{\"code\":\"BAD_REQUEST\",\"message\""
+        ":\"missing some required fields: [name, type]\"}"
+    >>} =
+        request(
+            post,
+            uri(["connectors"]),
+            ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User1)#{<<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE}
+        ),
+    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors"]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User1)#{
+            <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
+        }
+    ),
 
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME
-     , <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
-     , <<"username">> := User1
-     , <<"password">> := <<"">>
-     , <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>
-     , <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
-     } = jsx:decode(Connector),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME,
+        <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>,
+        <<"username">> := User1,
+        <<"password">> := <<"">>,
+        <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>,
+        <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
+    } = jsx:decode(Connector),
     ConnctorID = emqx_connector:connector_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?CONNECTR_NAME),
     %% update the request-path of the connector
     User2 = <<"user2">>,
-    {ok, 200, Connector2} = request(put, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
-                                 ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User2)),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                  , <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                  , <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
-                  , <<"username">> := User2
-                  , <<"password">> := <<"">>
-                  , <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>
-                  , <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
-                  }, jsx:decode(Connector2)),
+    {ok, 200, Connector2} = request(
+        put,
+        uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User2)
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME,
+            <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>,
+            <<"username">> := User2,
+            <<"password">> := <<"">>,
+            <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>,
+            <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
+        },
+        jsx:decode(Connector2)
+    ),
 
     %% list all connectors again, assert Connector2 is in it
     {ok, 200, Connector2Str} = request(get, uri(["connectors"]), []),
-    ?assertMatch([#{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                   , <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                   , <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
-                   , <<"username">> := User2
-                   , <<"password">> := <<"">>
-                   , <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>
-                   , <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
-                   }], jsx:decode(Connector2Str)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        [
+            #{
+                <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+                <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME,
+                <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>,
+                <<"username">> := User2,
+                <<"password">> := <<"">>,
+                <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>,
+                <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
+            }
+        ],
+        jsx:decode(Connector2Str)
+    ),
 
     %% get the connector by id
     {ok, 200, Connector3Str} = request(get, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                  , <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                  , <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
-                  , <<"username">> := User2
-                  , <<"password">> := <<"">>
-                  , <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>
-                  , <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
-                  }, jsx:decode(Connector3Str)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME,
+            <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>,
+            <<"username">> := User2,
+            <<"password">> := <<"">>,
+            <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>,
+            <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
+        },
+        jsx:decode(Connector3Str)
+    ),
 
     %% delete the connector
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]), []),
     {ok, 200, <<"[]">>} = request(get, uri(["connectors"]), []),
 
     %% update a deleted connector returns an error
-    {ok, 404, ErrMsg2} = request(put, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
-                                 ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User2)),
+    {ok, 404, ErrMsg2} = request(
+        put,
+        uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User2)
+    ),
     ?assertMatch(
-        #{ <<"code">> := _
-         , <<"message">> := <<"connector not found">>
-         }, jsx:decode(ErrMsg2)),
+        #{
+            <<"code">> := _,
+            <<"message">> := <<"connector not found">>
+        },
+        jsx:decode(ErrMsg2)
+    ),
     ok.
 
 t_mqtt_conn_bridge_ingress(_) ->
     %% then we add a mqtt connector, using POST
     User1 = <<"user1">>,
-    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User1)#{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                               , <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                               }),
+    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors"]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User1)#{
+            <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
+        }
+    ),
 
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME
-     , <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
-     , <<"num_of_bridges">> := 0
-     , <<"username">> := User1
-     , <<"password">> := <<"">>
-     , <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>
-     , <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
-     } = jsx:decode(Connector),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?CONNECTR_NAME,
+        <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>,
+        <<"num_of_bridges">> := 0,
+        <<"username">> := User1,
+        <<"password">> := <<"">>,
+        <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>,
+        <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
+    } = jsx:decode(Connector),
     ConnctorID = emqx_connector:connector_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?CONNECTR_NAME),
     %% ... and a MQTT bridge, using POST
     %% we bind this bridge to the connector created just now
     timer:sleep(50),
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
         ?MQTT_BRIDGE_INGRESS(ConnctorID)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_INGRESS
-        }),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_INGRESS
-     , <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+        }
+    ),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_INGRESS,
+        <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
+    } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeIDIngress = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME_INGRESS),
     wait_for_resource_ready(BridgeIDIngress, 5),
 
@@ -257,12 +319,12 @@ t_mqtt_conn_bridge_ingress(_) ->
                 false
         after 100 ->
             false
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
 
     %% get the connector by id, verify the num_of_bridges now is 1
     {ok, 200, Connector1Str} = request(get, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"num_of_bridges">> := 1
-                  }, jsx:decode(Connector1Str)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"num_of_bridges">> := 1}, jsx:decode(Connector1Str)),
 
     %% delete the bridge
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDIngress]), []),
@@ -276,30 +338,39 @@ t_mqtt_conn_bridge_ingress(_) ->
 t_mqtt_conn_bridge_egress(_) ->
     %% then we add a mqtt connector, using POST
     User1 = <<"user1">>,
-    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User1)#{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                               , <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                               }),
+    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors"]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(User1)#{
+            <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
+        }
+    ),
 
     %ct:pal("---connector: ~p", [Connector]),
-    #{ <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
-     , <<"username">> := User1
-     , <<"password">> := <<"">>
-     , <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>
-     , <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
-     } = jsx:decode(Connector),
+    #{
+        <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>,
+        <<"username">> := User1,
+        <<"password">> := <<"">>,
+        <<"proto_ver">> := <<"v4">>,
+        <<"ssl">> := #{<<"enable">> := false}
+    } = jsx:decode(Connector),
     ConnctorID = emqx_connector:connector_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?CONNECTR_NAME),
     %% ... and a MQTT bridge, using POST
     %% we bind this bridge to the connector created just now
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
         ?MQTT_BRIDGE_EGRESS(ConnctorID)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-        }),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-     , <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+        }
+    ),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS,
+        <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
+    } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeIDEgress = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS),
     wait_for_resource_ready(BridgeIDEgress, 5),
 
@@ -324,14 +395,19 @@ t_mqtt_conn_bridge_egress(_) ->
                 false
         after 100 ->
             false
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
 
     %% verify the metrics of the bridge
     {ok, 200, BridgeStr} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDEgress]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"metrics">> := ?metrics(1, 1, 0, _, _, _)
-                  , <<"node_metrics">> :=
-                      [#{<<"node">> := _, <<"metrics">> := ?metrics(1, 1, 0, _, _, _)}]
-                  }, jsx:decode(BridgeStr)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"metrics">> := ?metrics(1, 1, 0, _, _, _),
+            <<"node_metrics">> :=
+                [#{<<"node">> := _, <<"metrics">> := ?metrics(1, 1, 0, _, _, _)}]
+        },
+        jsx:decode(BridgeStr)
+    ),
 
     %% delete the bridge
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDEgress]), []),
@@ -347,38 +423,50 @@ t_mqtt_conn_bridge_egress(_) ->
 %% - cannot delete a connector that is used by at least one bridge
 t_mqtt_conn_update(_) ->
     %% then we add a mqtt connector, using POST
-    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-                            ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:1883">>)
-                                #{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                                 , <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                                 }),
+    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors"]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:1883">>)#{
+            <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
+        }
+    ),
 
     %ct:pal("---connector: ~p", [Connector]),
-    #{ <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
-     } = jsx:decode(Connector),
+    #{<<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>} = jsx:decode(Connector),
     ConnctorID = emqx_connector:connector_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?CONNECTR_NAME),
     %% ... and a MQTT bridge, using POST
     %% we bind this bridge to the connector created just now
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
         ?MQTT_BRIDGE_EGRESS(ConnctorID)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-        }),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-     , <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+        }
+    ),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS,
+        <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
+    } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeIDEgress = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS),
     wait_for_resource_ready(BridgeIDEgress, 5),
 
     %% Then we try to update 'server' of the connector, to an unavailable IP address
     %% The update OK, we recreate the resource even if the resource is current connected,
     %% and the target resource we're going to update is unavailable.
-    {ok, 200, _} = request(put, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
-                                 ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:2603">>)),
+    {ok, 200, _} = request(
+        put,
+        uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:2603">>)
+    ),
     %% we fix the 'server' parameter to a normal one, it should work
-    {ok, 200, _} = request(put, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
-                                 ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1 : 1883">>)),
+    {ok, 200, _} = request(
+        put,
+        uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1 : 1883">>)
+    ),
     %% delete the bridge
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDEgress]), []),
     {ok, 200, <<"[]">>} = request(get, uri(["bridges"]), []),
@@ -390,40 +478,51 @@ t_mqtt_conn_update(_) ->
 t_mqtt_conn_update2(_) ->
     %% then we add a mqtt connector, using POST
     %% but this connector is point to a unreachable server "2603"
-    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-                            ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:2603">>)
-                                #{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                                 , <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                                 }),
+    {ok, 201, Connector} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors"]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:2603">>)#{
+            <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
+        }
+    ),
 
-    #{ <<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:2603">>
-     } = jsx:decode(Connector),
+    #{<<"server">> := <<"127.0.0.1:2603">>} = jsx:decode(Connector),
     ConnctorID = emqx_connector:connector_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?CONNECTR_NAME),
     %% ... and a MQTT bridge, using POST
     %% we bind this bridge to the connector created just now
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
         ?MQTT_BRIDGE_EGRESS(ConnctorID)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-        }),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-     , <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-     , <<"status">> := <<"disconnected">>
-     , <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+        }
+    ),
+    #{
+        <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+        <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS,
+        <<"status">> := <<"disconnected">>,
+        <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
+    } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeIDEgress = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS),
     %% We try to fix the 'server' parameter, to another unavailable server..
     %% The update should success: we don't check the connectivity of the new config
     %% if the resource is now disconnected.
-    {ok, 200, _} = request(put, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
-                                 ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:2604">>)),
+    {ok, 200, _} = request(
+        put,
+        uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:2604">>)
+    ),
     %% we fix the 'server' parameter to a normal one, it should work
-    {ok, 200, _} = request(put, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
-                                 ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:1883">>)),
+    {ok, 200, _} = request(
+        put,
+        uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:1883">>)
+    ),
     wait_for_resource_ready(BridgeIDEgress, 5),
     {ok, 200, BridgeStr} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDEgress]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"status">> := <<"connected">>
-                  }, jsx:decode(BridgeStr)),
+    ?assertMatch(#{<<"status">> := <<"connected">>}, jsx:decode(BridgeStr)),
     %% delete the bridge
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDEgress]), []),
     {ok, 200, <<"[]">>} = request(get, uri(["bridges"]), []),
@@ -434,21 +533,26 @@ t_mqtt_conn_update2(_) ->
 
 t_mqtt_conn_update3(_) ->
     %% we add a mqtt connector, using POST
-    {ok, 201, _} = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-                            ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:1883">>)
-                                #{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                                 , <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                                 }),
+    {ok, 201, _} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors"]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:1883">>)#{
+            <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
+        }
+    ),
     ConnctorID = emqx_connector:connector_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?CONNECTR_NAME),
     %% ... and a MQTT bridge, using POST
     %% we bind this bridge to the connector created just now
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
         ?MQTT_BRIDGE_EGRESS(ConnctorID)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-        }),
-    #{ <<"connector">> := ConnctorID
-     } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+        }
+    ),
+    #{<<"connector">> := ConnctorID} = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeIDEgress = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS),
     wait_for_resource_ready(BridgeIDEgress, 5),
 
@@ -462,37 +566,54 @@ t_mqtt_conn_update3(_) ->
 t_mqtt_conn_testing(_) ->
     %% APIs for testing the connectivity
     %% then we add a mqtt connector, using POST
-    {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(post, uri(["connectors_test"]),
+    {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors_test"]),
         ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:1883">>)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-        }),
-    {ok, 400, _} = request(post, uri(["connectors_test"]),
+        }
+    ),
+    {ok, 400, _} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors_test"]),
         ?MQTT_CONNECTOR2(<<"127.0.0.1:2883">>)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-        }).
+        }
+    ).
 
 t_ingress_mqtt_bridge_with_rules(_) ->
-    {ok, 201, _} = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(<<"user1">>)#{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                               , <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                               }),
+    {ok, 201, _} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors"]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(<<"user1">>)#{
+            <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
+        }
+    ),
     ConnctorID = emqx_connector:connector_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?CONNECTR_NAME),
 
-    {ok, 201, _} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
+    {ok, 201, _} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
         ?MQTT_BRIDGE_INGRESS(ConnctorID)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_INGRESS
-        }),
+        }
+    ),
     BridgeIDIngress = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME_INGRESS),
 
-    {ok, 201, Rule} = request(post, uri(["rules"]),
-        #{<<"name">> => <<"A rule get messages from a source mqtt bridge">>,
-          <<"enable">> => true,
-          <<"outputs">> => [#{<<"function">> => "emqx_connector_api_SUITE:inspect"}],
-          <<"sql">> => <<"SELECT * from \"$bridges/", BridgeIDIngress/binary, "\"">>
-        }),
+    {ok, 201, Rule} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["rules"]),
+        #{
+            <<"name">> => <<"A rule get messages from a source mqtt bridge">>,
+            <<"enable">> => true,
+            <<"outputs">> => [#{<<"function">> => "emqx_connector_api_SUITE:inspect"}],
+            <<"sql">> => <<"SELECT * from \"$bridges/", BridgeIDIngress/binary, "\"">>
+        }
+    ),
     #{<<"id">> := RuleId} = jsx:decode(Rule),
 
     %% we now test if the bridge works as expected
@@ -517,63 +638,81 @@ t_ingress_mqtt_bridge_with_rules(_) ->
                 false
         after 100 ->
             false
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
     %% and also the rule should be matched, with matched + 1:
     {ok, 200, Rule1} = request(get, uri(["rules", RuleId]), []),
-    #{ <<"id">> := RuleId
-     , <<"metrics">> := #{
-         <<"sql.matched">> := 1,
-         <<"sql.passed">> := 1,
-         <<"sql.failed">> := 0,
-         <<"sql.failed.exception">> := 0,
-         <<"sql.failed.no_result">> := 0,
-         <<"sql.matched.rate">> := _,
-         <<"sql.matched.rate.max">> := _,
-         <<"sql.matched.rate.last5m">> := _,
-         <<"outputs.total">> := 1,
-         <<"outputs.success">> := 1,
-         <<"outputs.failed">> := 0,
-         <<"outputs.failed.out_of_service">> := 0,
-         <<"outputs.failed.unknown">> := 0
-       }
-     } = jsx:decode(Rule1),
+    #{
+        <<"id">> := RuleId,
+        <<"metrics">> := #{
+            <<"sql.matched">> := 1,
+            <<"sql.passed">> := 1,
+            <<"sql.failed">> := 0,
+            <<"sql.failed.exception">> := 0,
+            <<"sql.failed.no_result">> := 0,
+            <<"sql.matched.rate">> := _,
+            <<"sql.matched.rate.max">> := _,
+            <<"sql.matched.rate.last5m">> := _,
+            <<"outputs.total">> := 1,
+            <<"outputs.success">> := 1,
+            <<"outputs.failed">> := 0,
+            <<"outputs.failed.out_of_service">> := 0,
+            <<"outputs.failed.unknown">> := 0
+        }
+    } = jsx:decode(Rule1),
     %% we also check if the outputs of the rule is triggered
-    ?assertMatch(#{inspect := #{
-        event := <<"$bridges/mqtt", _/binary>>,
-        id := MsgId,
-        payload := Payload,
-        topic := RemoteTopic,
-        qos := 0,
-        dup := false,
-        retain := false,
-        pub_props := #{},
-        timestamp := _
-    }} when is_binary(MsgId), persistent_term:get(?MODULE)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            inspect := #{
+                event := <<"$bridges/mqtt", _/binary>>,
+                id := MsgId,
+                payload := Payload,
+                topic := RemoteTopic,
+                qos := 0,
+                dup := false,
+                retain := false,
+                pub_props := #{},
+                timestamp := _
+            }
+        } when is_binary(MsgId),
+        persistent_term:get(?MODULE)
+    ),
 
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["rules", RuleId]), []),
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDIngress]), []),
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["connectors", ConnctorID]), []).
 
 t_egress_mqtt_bridge_with_rules(_) ->
-    {ok, 201, _} = request(post, uri(["connectors"]),
-        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(<<"user1">>)#{ <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE
-                               , <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
-                               }),
+    {ok, 201, _} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["connectors"]),
+        ?MQTT_CONNECTOR(<<"user1">>)#{
+            <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
+            <<"name">> => ?CONNECTR_NAME
+        }
+    ),
     ConnctorID = emqx_connector:connector_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?CONNECTR_NAME),
-    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(post, uri(["bridges"]),
+    {ok, 201, Bridge} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["bridges"]),
         ?MQTT_BRIDGE_EGRESS(ConnctorID)#{
             <<"type">> => ?CONNECTR_TYPE,
             <<"name">> => ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS
-        }),
-    #{ <<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE, <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS } = jsx:decode(Bridge),
+        }
+    ),
+    #{<<"type">> := ?CONNECTR_TYPE, <<"name">> := ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS} = jsx:decode(Bridge),
     BridgeIDEgress = emqx_bridge:bridge_id(?CONNECTR_TYPE, ?BRIDGE_NAME_EGRESS),
 
-    {ok, 201, Rule} = request(post, uri(["rules"]),
-        #{<<"name">> => <<"A rule send messages to a sink mqtt bridge">>,
-          <<"enable">> => true,
-          <<"outputs">> => [BridgeIDEgress],
-          <<"sql">> => <<"SELECT * from \"t/1\"">>
-        }),
+    {ok, 201, Rule} = request(
+        post,
+        uri(["rules"]),
+        #{
+            <<"name">> => <<"A rule send messages to a sink mqtt bridge">>,
+            <<"enable">> => true,
+            <<"outputs">> => [BridgeIDEgress],
+            <<"sql">> => <<"SELECT * from \"t/1\"">>
+        }
+    ),
     #{<<"id">> := RuleId} = jsx:decode(Rule),
 
     %% we now test if the bridge works as expected
@@ -597,7 +736,8 @@ t_egress_mqtt_bridge_with_rules(_) ->
                 false
         after 100 ->
             false
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
     emqx:unsubscribe(RemoteTopic),
 
     %% PUBLISH a message to the rule.
@@ -609,23 +749,24 @@ t_egress_mqtt_bridge_with_rules(_) ->
     wait_for_resource_ready(BridgeIDEgress, 5),
     emqx:publish(emqx_message:make(RuleTopic, Payload2)),
     {ok, 200, Rule1} = request(get, uri(["rules", RuleId]), []),
-    #{ <<"id">> := RuleId
-     , <<"metrics">> := #{
-         <<"sql.matched">> := 1,
-         <<"sql.passed">> := 1,
-         <<"sql.failed">> := 0,
-         <<"sql.failed.exception">> := 0,
-         <<"sql.failed.no_result">> := 0,
-         <<"sql.matched.rate">> := _,
-         <<"sql.matched.rate.max">> := _,
-         <<"sql.matched.rate.last5m">> := _,
-         <<"outputs.total">> := 1,
-         <<"outputs.success">> := 1,
-         <<"outputs.failed">> := 0,
-         <<"outputs.failed.out_of_service">> := 0,
-         <<"outputs.failed.unknown">> := 0
-       }
-     } = jsx:decode(Rule1),
+    #{
+        <<"id">> := RuleId,
+        <<"metrics">> := #{
+            <<"sql.matched">> := 1,
+            <<"sql.passed">> := 1,
+            <<"sql.failed">> := 0,
+            <<"sql.failed.exception">> := 0,
+            <<"sql.failed.no_result">> := 0,
+            <<"sql.matched.rate">> := _,
+            <<"sql.matched.rate.max">> := _,
+            <<"sql.matched.rate.last5m">> := _,
+            <<"outputs.total">> := 1,
+            <<"outputs.success">> := 1,
+            <<"outputs.failed">> := 0,
+            <<"outputs.failed.out_of_service">> := 0,
+            <<"outputs.failed.unknown">> := 0
+        }
+    } = jsx:decode(Rule1),
     %% we should receive a message on the "remote" broker, with specified topic
     ?assert(
         receive
@@ -637,14 +778,19 @@ t_egress_mqtt_bridge_with_rules(_) ->
                 false
         after 100 ->
             false
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
 
     %% verify the metrics of the bridge
     {ok, 200, BridgeStr} = request(get, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDEgress]), []),
-    ?assertMatch(#{ <<"metrics">> := ?metrics(2, 2, 0, _, _, _)
-                  , <<"node_metrics">> :=
-                      [#{<<"node">> := _, <<"metrics">> := ?metrics(2, 2, 0, _, _, _)}]
-                  }, jsx:decode(BridgeStr)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"metrics">> := ?metrics(2, 2, 0, _, _, _),
+            <<"node_metrics">> :=
+                [#{<<"node">> := _, <<"metrics">> := ?metrics(2, 2, 0, _, _, _)}]
+        },
+        jsx:decode(BridgeStr)
+    ),
 
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["rules", RuleId]), []),
     {ok, 204, <<>>} = request(delete, uri(["bridges", BridgeIDEgress]), []),
@@ -658,8 +804,9 @@ wait_for_resource_ready(InstId, 0) ->
     ct:fail(wait_resource_timeout);
 wait_for_resource_ready(InstId, Retry) ->
     case emqx_bridge:lookup(InstId) of
-        {ok, #{resource_data := #{status := connected}}} -> ok;
+        {ok, #{resource_data := #{status := connected}}} ->
+            ok;
         _ ->
             timer:sleep(100),
-            wait_for_resource_ready(InstId, Retry-1)
+            wait_for_resource_ready(InstId, Retry - 1)
     end.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mongo_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mongo_SUITE.erl
index fa24ae724..33a0397de 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mongo_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mongo_SUITE.erl
@@ -65,20 +65,24 @@ t_lifecycle(_Config) ->
 perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     {ok, #{config := CheckedConfig}} =
         emqx_resource:check_config(?MONGO_RESOURCE_MOD, InitialConfig),
-    {ok, #{state := #{poolname := ReturnedPoolName} = State,
-                      status := InitialStatus}}
-                    = emqx_resource:create_local(
-        PoolName,
-        ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-        ?MONGO_RESOURCE_MOD,
-        CheckedConfig,
-        #{}
-    ),
+    {ok, #{
+        state := #{poolname := ReturnedPoolName} = State,
+        status := InitialStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:create_local(
+            PoolName,
+            ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+            ?MONGO_RESOURCE_MOD,
+            CheckedConfig,
+            #{}
+        ),
     ?assertEqual(InitialStatus, connected),
     % Instance should match the state and status of the just started resource
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{state := State,
-                                      status := InitialStatus}}
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{
+        state := State,
+        status := InitialStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     % % Perform query as further check that the resource is working as expected
     ?assertMatch([], emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_find())),
@@ -86,11 +90,13 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:stop(PoolName)),
     % Resource will be listed still, but state will be changed and healthcheck will fail
     % as the worker no longer exists.
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{state := State,
-                                      status := StoppedStatus}}
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{
+        state := State,
+        status := StoppedStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(StoppedStatus, disconnected),
-    ?assertEqual({error,health_check_failed}, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
+    ?assertEqual({error, health_check_failed}, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     % Resource healthcheck shortcuts things by checking ets. Go deeper by checking pool itself.
     ?assertEqual({error, not_found}, ecpool:stop_sup_pool(ReturnedPoolName)),
     % Can call stop/1 again on an already stopped instance
@@ -99,8 +105,8 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:restart(PoolName)),
     % async restart, need to wait resource
     timer:sleep(500),
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{status := InitialStatus}}
-        = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{status := InitialStatus}} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     ?assertMatch([], emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_find())),
     ?assertMatch(undefined, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_find_one())),
@@ -115,12 +121,19 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
 % %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 mongo_config() ->
-    RawConfig = list_to_binary(io_lib:format("""
-    mongo_type = single
-    database = mqtt
-    pool_size = 8
-    server = \"~s:~b\"
-    """, [?MONGO_HOST, ?MONGO_DEFAULT_PORT])),
+    RawConfig = list_to_binary(
+        io_lib:format(
+            ""
+            "\n"
+            "    mongo_type = single\n"
+            "    database = mqtt\n"
+            "    pool_size = 8\n"
+            "    server = \"~s:~b\"\n"
+            "    "
+            "",
+            [?MONGO_HOST, ?MONGO_DEFAULT_PORT]
+        )
+    ),
 
     {ok, Config} = hocon:binary(RawConfig),
     #{<<"config">> => Config}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mqtt_tests.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mqtt_tests.erl
index 550f264d3..2bb9abd84 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mqtt_tests.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mqtt_tests.erl
@@ -22,23 +22,36 @@
 send_and_ack_test() ->
     %% delegate from gen_rpc to rpc for unit test
     meck:new(emqtt, [passthrough, no_history]),
-    meck:expect(emqtt, start_link, 1,
-                fun(_) ->
-                        {ok, spawn_link(fun() -> ok end)}
-                end),
+    meck:expect(
+        emqtt,
+        start_link,
+        1,
+        fun(_) ->
+            {ok, spawn_link(fun() -> ok end)}
+        end
+    ),
     meck:expect(emqtt, connect, 1, {ok, dummy}),
-    meck:expect(emqtt, stop, 1,
-                fun(Pid) -> Pid ! stop end),
-    meck:expect(emqtt, publish, 2,
-                fun(Client, Msg) ->
-                    Client ! {publish, Msg},
-                    {ok, Msg} %% as packet id
-                end),
+    meck:expect(
+        emqtt,
+        stop,
+        1,
+        fun(Pid) -> Pid ! stop end
+    ),
+    meck:expect(
+        emqtt,
+        publish,
+        2,
+        fun(Client, Msg) ->
+            Client ! {publish, Msg},
+            %% as packet id
+            {ok, Msg}
+        end
+    ),
     try
         Max = 1,
         Batch = lists:seq(1, Max),
-        {ok, Conn} = emqx_connector_mqtt_mod:start(#{server => {{127,0,0,1}, 1883}}),
-    %     %% return last packet id as batch reference
+        {ok, Conn} = emqx_connector_mqtt_mod:start(#{server => {{127, 0, 0, 1}, 1883}}),
+        %     %% return last packet id as batch reference
         {ok, _AckRef} = emqx_connector_mqtt_mod:send(Conn, Batch),
 
         ok = emqx_connector_mqtt_mod:stop(Conn)
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mqtt_worker_tests.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mqtt_worker_tests.erl
index cf1a190d4..aff1a92a6 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mqtt_worker_tests.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mqtt_worker_tests.erl
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@
 -define(BRIDGE_NAME, test).
 -define(BRIDGE_REG_NAME, emqx_connector_mqtt_worker_test).
 -define(WAIT(PATTERN, TIMEOUT),
-        receive
-            PATTERN ->
-                ok
-        after
-            TIMEOUT ->
-                error(timeout)
-        end).
+    receive
+        PATTERN ->
+            ok
+    after TIMEOUT ->
+        error(timeout)
+    end
+).
 
 -export([start/1, send/2, stop/1]).
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ manual_start_stop_test() ->
         Ref = make_ref(),
         TestPid = self(),
         BridgeName = manual_start_stop,
-        Config0 = make_config(Ref, TestPid, {ok, #{client_pid =>  TestPid}}),
+        Config0 = make_config(Ref, TestPid, {ok, #{client_pid => TestPid}}),
         Config = Config0#{start_type := manual},
         {ok, Pid} = emqx_connector_mqtt_worker:start_link(Config#{name => BridgeName}),
         %% call ensure_started again should yield the same result
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mysql_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mysql_SUITE.erl
index 29ba2c181..c039da168 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mysql_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_mysql_SUITE.erl
@@ -64,9 +64,11 @@ t_lifecycle(_Config) ->
 
 perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     {ok, #{config := CheckedConfig}} =
-            emqx_resource:check_config(?MYSQL_RESOURCE_MOD, InitialConfig),
-    {ok, #{state := #{poolname := ReturnedPoolName} = State,
-           status := InitialStatus}} = emqx_resource:create_local(
+        emqx_resource:check_config(?MYSQL_RESOURCE_MOD, InitialConfig),
+    {ok, #{
+        state := #{poolname := ReturnedPoolName} = State,
+        status := InitialStatus
+    }} = emqx_resource:create_local(
         PoolName,
         ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP,
         ?MYSQL_RESOURCE_MOD,
@@ -75,23 +77,32 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     ),
     ?assertEqual(InitialStatus, connected),
     % Instance should match the state and status of the just started resource
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{state := State,
-                                     status := InitialStatus}} 
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{
+        state := State,
+        status := InitialStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     % % Perform query as further check that the resource is working as expected
     ?assertMatch({ok, _, [[1]]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_no_params())),
     ?assertMatch({ok, _, [[1]]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_with_params())),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, _, [[1]]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName,
-                                                    test_query_with_params_and_timeout())),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, _, [[1]]},
+        emqx_resource:query(
+            PoolName,
+            test_query_with_params_and_timeout()
+        )
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:stop(PoolName)),
     % Resource will be listed still, but state will be changed and healthcheck will fail
     % as the worker no longer exists.
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{state := State,
-                                      status := StoppedStatus}}
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{
+        state := State,
+        status := StoppedStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(StoppedStatus, disconnected),
-    ?assertEqual({error,health_check_failed}, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
+    ?assertEqual({error, health_check_failed}, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     % Resource healthcheck shortcuts things by checking ets. Go deeper by checking pool itself.
     ?assertEqual({error, not_found}, ecpool:stop_sup_pool(ReturnedPoolName)),
     % Can call stop/1 again on an already stopped instance
@@ -105,8 +116,13 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     ?assertMatch({ok, _, [[1]]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_no_params())),
     ?assertMatch({ok, _, [[1]]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_with_params())),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, _, [[1]]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName,
-                                                     test_query_with_params_and_timeout())),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, _, [[1]]},
+        emqx_resource:query(
+            PoolName,
+            test_query_with_params_and_timeout()
+        )
+    ),
     % Stop and remove the resource in one go.
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:remove_local(PoolName)),
     ?assertEqual({error, not_found}, ecpool:stop_sup_pool(ReturnedPoolName)),
@@ -118,14 +134,21 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
 % %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 mysql_config() ->
-    RawConfig = list_to_binary(io_lib:format("""
-    auto_reconnect = true
-    database = mqtt
-    username= root
-    password = public
-    pool_size = 8
-    server = \"~s:~b\"
-    """, [?MYSQL_HOST, ?MYSQL_DEFAULT_PORT])),
+    RawConfig = list_to_binary(
+        io_lib:format(
+            ""
+            "\n"
+            "    auto_reconnect = true\n"
+            "    database = mqtt\n"
+            "    username= root\n"
+            "    password = public\n"
+            "    pool_size = 8\n"
+            "    server = \"~s:~b\"\n"
+            "    "
+            "",
+            [?MYSQL_HOST, ?MYSQL_DEFAULT_PORT]
+        )
+    ),
 
     {ok, Config} = hocon:binary(RawConfig),
     #{<<"config">> => Config}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_pgsql_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_pgsql_SUITE.erl
index 0252e0816..b7044ea38 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_pgsql_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_pgsql_SUITE.erl
@@ -65,20 +65,24 @@ t_lifecycle(_Config) ->
 perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     {ok, #{config := CheckedConfig}} =
         emqx_resource:check_config(?PGSQL_RESOURCE_MOD, InitialConfig),
-    {ok, #{state := #{poolname := ReturnedPoolName} = State,
-                      status := InitialStatus}}
-                    = emqx_resource:create_local(
-        PoolName,
-        ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-        ?PGSQL_RESOURCE_MOD,
-        CheckedConfig,
-        #{}
-    ),
+    {ok, #{
+        state := #{poolname := ReturnedPoolName} = State,
+        status := InitialStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:create_local(
+            PoolName,
+            ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+            ?PGSQL_RESOURCE_MOD,
+            CheckedConfig,
+            #{}
+        ),
     ?assertEqual(InitialStatus, connected),
     % Instance should match the state and status of the just started resource
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{state := State,
-                                      status := InitialStatus}}
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{
+        state := State,
+        status := InitialStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     % % Perform query as further check that the resource is working as expected
     ?assertMatch({ok, _, [{1}]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_no_params())),
@@ -86,11 +90,13 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:stop(PoolName)),
     % Resource will be listed still, but state will be changed and healthcheck will fail
     % as the worker no longer exists.
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{state := State,
-                                      status := StoppedStatus}}
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{
+        state := State,
+        status := StoppedStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(StoppedStatus, disconnected),
-    ?assertEqual({error,health_check_failed}, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
+    ?assertEqual({error, health_check_failed}, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     % Resource healthcheck shortcuts things by checking ets. Go deeper by checking pool itself.
     ?assertEqual({error, not_found}, ecpool:stop_sup_pool(ReturnedPoolName)),
     % Can call stop/1 again on an already stopped instance
@@ -99,8 +105,8 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:restart(PoolName)),
     % async restart, need to wait resource
     timer:sleep(500),
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{status := InitialStatus}}
-        = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{status := InitialStatus}} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     ?assertMatch({ok, _, [{1}]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_no_params())),
     ?assertMatch({ok, _, [{1}]}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, test_query_with_params())),
@@ -115,14 +121,21 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig) ->
 % %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 pgsql_config() ->
-    RawConfig = list_to_binary(io_lib:format("""
-    auto_reconnect = true
-    database = mqtt
-    username= root
-    password = public
-    pool_size = 8
-    server = \"~s:~b\"
-    """, [?PGSQL_HOST, ?PGSQL_DEFAULT_PORT])),
+    RawConfig = list_to_binary(
+        io_lib:format(
+            ""
+            "\n"
+            "    auto_reconnect = true\n"
+            "    database = mqtt\n"
+            "    username= root\n"
+            "    password = public\n"
+            "    pool_size = 8\n"
+            "    server = \"~s:~b\"\n"
+            "    "
+            "",
+            [?PGSQL_HOST, ?PGSQL_DEFAULT_PORT]
+        )
+    ),
 
     {ok, Config} = hocon:binary(RawConfig),
     #{<<"config">> => Config}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_redis_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_redis_SUITE.erl
index 8e473c397..64dd9e683 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_redis_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_redis_SUITE.erl
@@ -80,8 +80,10 @@ t_sentinel_lifecycle(_Config) ->
 perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig, RedisCommand) ->
     {ok, #{config := CheckedConfig}} =
         emqx_resource:check_config(?REDIS_RESOURCE_MOD, InitialConfig),
-    {ok, #{state := #{poolname := ReturnedPoolName} = State,
-           status := InitialStatus}} = emqx_resource:create_local(
+    {ok, #{
+        state := #{poolname := ReturnedPoolName} = State,
+        status := InitialStatus
+    }} = emqx_resource:create_local(
         PoolName,
         ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP,
         ?REDIS_RESOURCE_MOD,
@@ -90,20 +92,24 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig, RedisCommand) ->
     ),
     ?assertEqual(InitialStatus, connected),
     % Instance should match the state and status of the just started resource
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{state := State,
-                                      status := InitialStatus}}
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{
+        state := State,
+        status := InitialStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     % Perform query as further check that the resource is working as expected
     ?assertEqual({ok, <<"PONG">>}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, {cmd, RedisCommand})),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:stop(PoolName)),
     % Resource will be listed still, but state will be changed and healthcheck will fail
     % as the worker no longer exists.
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{state := State,
-                                      status := StoppedStatus}}
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{
+        state := State,
+        status := StoppedStatus
+    }} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(StoppedStatus, disconnected),
-    ?assertEqual({error,health_check_failed}, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
+    ?assertEqual({error, health_check_failed}, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     % Resource healthcheck shortcuts things by checking ets. Go deeper by checking pool itself.
     ?assertEqual({error, not_found}, ecpool:stop_sup_pool(ReturnedPoolName)),
     % Can call stop/1 again on an already stopped instance
@@ -112,8 +118,8 @@ perform_lifecycle_check(PoolName, InitialConfig, RedisCommand) ->
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:restart(PoolName)),
     % async restart, need to wait resource
     timer:sleep(500),
-    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{status := InitialStatus}}
-                                    = emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
+    {ok, ?CONNECTOR_RESOURCE_GROUP, #{status := InitialStatus}} =
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(PoolName),
     ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_resource:health_check(PoolName)),
     ?assertEqual({ok, <<"PONG">>}, emqx_resource:query(PoolName, {cmd, RedisCommand})),
     % Stop and remove the resource in one go.
@@ -136,14 +142,21 @@ redis_config_sentinel() ->
     redis_config_base("sentinel", "servers").
 
 redis_config_base(Type, ServerKey) ->
-    RawConfig = list_to_binary(io_lib:format("""
-    auto_reconnect = true
-    database = 1
-    pool_size = 8
-    redis_type = ~s
-    password = public
-    ~s = \"~s:~b\"
-    """, [Type, ServerKey, ?REDIS_HOST, ?REDIS_PORT])),
+    RawConfig = list_to_binary(
+        io_lib:format(
+            ""
+            "\n"
+            "    auto_reconnect = true\n"
+            "    database = 1\n"
+            "    pool_size = 8\n"
+            "    redis_type = ~s\n"
+            "    password = public\n"
+            "    ~s = \"~s:~b\"\n"
+            "    "
+            "",
+            [Type, ServerKey, ?REDIS_HOST, ?REDIS_PORT]
+        )
+    ),
 
     {ok, Config} = hocon:binary(RawConfig),
     #{<<"config">> => Config}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_test_helpers.erl b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_test_helpers.erl
index 9e3fc5257..ea3380e85 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_test_helpers.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_connector/test/emqx_connector_test_helpers.erl
@@ -19,10 +19,11 @@
 -include_lib("common_test/include/ct.hrl").
 -include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
 
--export([ check_fields/1
-        , start_apps/1
-        , stop_apps/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    check_fields/1,
+    start_apps/1,
+    stop_apps/1
+]).
 
 check_fields({FieldName, FieldValue}) ->
     ?assert(is_atom(FieldName)),
@@ -30,10 +31,10 @@ check_fields({FieldName, FieldValue}) ->
         is_map(FieldValue) ->
             ct:pal("~p~n", [{FieldName, FieldValue}]),
             ?assert(
-                (maps:is_key(type, FieldValue)
-                    andalso maps:is_key(default, FieldValue))
-                    orelse ((maps:is_key(required, FieldValue)
-                    andalso maps:get(required, FieldValue) =:= false))
+                (maps:is_key(type, FieldValue) andalso
+                    maps:is_key(default, FieldValue)) orelse
+                    (maps:is_key(required, FieldValue) andalso
+                        maps:get(required, FieldValue) =:= false)
             );
         true ->
             ?assert(is_function(FieldValue))
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/rebar.config b/apps/emqx_plugins/rebar.config
index 528efecb6..9f17b7657 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/rebar.config
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/rebar.config
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
 
-{deps, [ {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}}
-       ]}.
+{deps, [{emqx, {path, "../emqx"}}]}.
+
+{project_plugins, [erlfmt]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins.app.src b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins.app.src
index cc5b846b1..1635bb516 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins.app.src
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins.app.src
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
-{application, emqx_plugins,
- [{description, "EMQX Plugin Management"},
-  {vsn, "0.1.0"},
-  {modules, []},
-  {mod, {emqx_plugins_app,[]}},
-  {applications, [kernel,stdlib,emqx]},
-  {env, []}
- ]}.
+{application, emqx_plugins, [
+    {description, "EMQX Plugin Management"},
+    {vsn, "0.1.0"},
+    {modules, []},
+    {mod, {emqx_plugins_app, []}},
+    {applications, [kernel, stdlib, emqx]},
+    {env, []}
+]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins.erl b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins.erl
index 09b7a735e..0376eaf27 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins.erl
@@ -19,35 +19,37 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/emqx.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
--export([ ensure_installed/1
-        , ensure_uninstalled/1
-        , ensure_enabled/1
-        , ensure_enabled/2
-        , ensure_disabled/1
-        , purge/1
-        , delete_package/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    ensure_installed/1,
+    ensure_uninstalled/1,
+    ensure_enabled/1,
+    ensure_enabled/2,
+    ensure_disabled/1,
+    purge/1,
+    delete_package/1
+]).
 
--export([ ensure_started/0
-        , ensure_started/1
-        , ensure_stopped/0
-        , ensure_stopped/1
-        , restart/1
-        , list/0
-        , describe/1
-        , parse_name_vsn/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    ensure_started/0,
+    ensure_started/1,
+    ensure_stopped/0,
+    ensure_stopped/1,
+    restart/1,
+    list/0,
+    describe/1,
+    parse_name_vsn/1
+]).
 
--export([ get_config/2
-        , put_config/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    get_config/2,
+    put_config/2
+]).
 
 %% internal
--export([ do_ensure_started/1
-        ]).
+-export([do_ensure_started/1]).
 -export([
-         install_dir/0
-        ]).
+    install_dir/0
+]).
 
 -ifdef(TEST).
 -compile(export_all).
@@ -58,8 +60,10 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 -include("emqx_plugins.hrl").
 
--type name_vsn() :: binary() | string(). %% "my_plugin-0.1.0"
--type plugin() :: map(). %% the parse result of the JSON info file
+%% "my_plugin-0.1.0"
+-type name_vsn() :: binary() | string().
+%% the parse result of the JSON info file
+-type plugin() :: map().
 -type position() :: no_move | front | rear | {before, name_vsn()} | {behind, name_vsn()}.
 
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -86,22 +90,25 @@ do_ensure_installed(NameVsn) ->
     case erl_tar:extract(TarGz, [{cwd, install_dir()}, compressed]) of
         ok ->
             case read_plugin(NameVsn, #{}) of
-                {ok, _} -> ok;
+                {ok, _} ->
+                    ok;
                 {error, Reason} ->
                     ?SLOG(warning, Reason#{msg => "failed_to_read_after_install"}),
                     _ = ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn),
                     {error, Reason}
             end;
         {error, {_, enoent}} ->
-            {error, #{ reason => "failed_to_extract_plugin_package"
-                     , path => TarGz
-                     , return => not_found
-                     }};
+            {error, #{
+                reason => "failed_to_extract_plugin_package",
+                path => TarGz,
+                return => not_found
+            }};
         {error, Reason} ->
-            {error, #{ reason => "bad_plugin_package"
-                     , path => TarGz
-                     , return => Reason
-                     }}
+            {error, #{
+                reason => "bad_plugin_package",
+                path => TarGz,
+                return => Reason
+            }}
     end.
 
 %% @doc Ensure files and directories for the given plugin are delete.
@@ -110,13 +117,15 @@ do_ensure_installed(NameVsn) ->
 ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn) ->
     case read_plugin(NameVsn, #{}) of
         {ok, #{running_status := RunningSt}} when RunningSt =/= stopped ->
-            {error, #{reason => "bad_plugin_running_status",
-                      hint => "stop_the_plugin_first"
-                     }};
+            {error, #{
+                reason => "bad_plugin_running_status",
+                hint => "stop_the_plugin_first"
+            }};
         {ok, #{config_status := enabled}} ->
-            {error, #{reason => "bad_plugin_config_status",
-                      hint => "disable_the_plugin_first"
-                     }};
+            {error, #{
+                reason => "bad_plugin_config_status",
+                hint => "disable_the_plugin_first"
+            }};
         _ ->
             purge(NameVsn)
     end.
@@ -141,9 +150,10 @@ ensure_state(NameVsn, Position, State) when is_binary(NameVsn) ->
 ensure_state(NameVsn, Position, State) ->
     case read_plugin(NameVsn, #{}) of
         {ok, _} ->
-            Item = #{ name_vsn => NameVsn
-                    , enable => State
-                    },
+            Item = #{
+                name_vsn => NameVsn,
+                enable => State
+            },
             tryit("ensure_state", fun() -> ensure_configured(Item, Position) end);
         {error, Reason} ->
             {error, Reason}
@@ -175,18 +185,19 @@ add_new_configured(Configured, {Action, NameVsn}, Item) ->
     SplitFun = fun(#{name_vsn := Nv}) -> bin(Nv) =/= bin(NameVsn) end,
     {Front, Rear} = lists:splitwith(SplitFun, Configured),
     Rear =:= [] andalso
-        throw(#{error => "position_anchor_plugin_not_configured",
-                hint => "maybe_install_and_configure",
-                name_vsn => NameVsn
-               }),
+        throw(#{
+            error => "position_anchor_plugin_not_configured",
+            hint => "maybe_install_and_configure",
+            name_vsn => NameVsn
+        }),
     case Action of
-        before -> Front ++ [Item | Rear];
+        before ->
+            Front ++ [Item | Rear];
         behind ->
             [Anchor | Rear0] = Rear,
             Front ++ [Anchor, Item | Rear0]
     end.
 
-
 %% @doc Delete the package file.
 -spec delete_package(name_vsn()) -> ok.
 delete_package(NameVsn) ->
@@ -198,9 +209,11 @@ delete_package(NameVsn) ->
         {error, enoent} ->
             ok;
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "failed_to_delete_package_file",
-                           path => File,
-                           reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "failed_to_delete_package_file",
+                path => File,
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             {error, Reason}
     end.
 
@@ -219,9 +232,11 @@ purge(NameVsn) ->
         {error, enoent} ->
             ok;
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "failed_to_purge_plugin_dir",
-                           dir => Dir,
-                           reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "failed_to_purge_plugin_dir",
+                dir => Dir,
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             {error, Reason}
     end.
 
@@ -235,10 +250,13 @@ ensure_started() ->
 -spec ensure_started(name_vsn()) -> ok | {error, term()}.
 ensure_started(NameVsn) ->
     case do_ensure_started(NameVsn) of
-        ok -> ok;
+        ok ->
+            ok;
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(alert, #{msg => "failed_to_start_plugin",
-                           reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(alert, #{
+                msg => "failed_to_start_plugin",
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             {error, Reason}
     end.
 
@@ -250,11 +268,13 @@ ensure_stopped() ->
 %% @doc Stop a plugin from Management API or CLI.
 -spec ensure_stopped(name_vsn()) -> ok | {error, term()}.
 ensure_stopped(NameVsn) ->
-    tryit("stop_plugin",
-          fun() ->
-                  Plugin = do_read_plugin(NameVsn),
-                  ensure_apps_stopped(Plugin)
-          end).
+    tryit(
+        "stop_plugin",
+        fun() ->
+            Plugin = do_read_plugin(NameVsn),
+            ensure_apps_stopped(Plugin)
+        end
+    ).
 
 %% @doc Stop and then start the plugin.
 restart(NameVsn) ->
@@ -269,39 +289,45 @@ restart(NameVsn) ->
 list() ->
     Pattern = filename:join([install_dir(), "*", "release.json"]),
     All = lists:filtermap(
-            fun(JsonFile) ->
-                    case read_plugin({file, JsonFile}, #{}) of
-                        {ok, Info} ->
-                            {true, Info};
-                        {error, Reason} ->
-                            ?SLOG(warning, Reason),
-                            false
-                    end
-            end, filelib:wildcard(Pattern)),
+        fun(JsonFile) ->
+            case read_plugin({file, JsonFile}, #{}) of
+                {ok, Info} ->
+                    {true, Info};
+                {error, Reason} ->
+                    ?SLOG(warning, Reason),
+                    false
+            end
+        end,
+        filelib:wildcard(Pattern)
+    ),
     list(configured(), All).
 
 %% Make sure configured ones are ordered in front.
-list([], All) -> All;
+list([], All) ->
+    All;
 list([#{name_vsn := NameVsn} | Rest], All) ->
     SplitF = fun(#{<<"name">> := Name, <<"rel_vsn">> := Vsn}) ->
-                     bin([Name, "-", Vsn]) =/= bin(NameVsn)
-             end,
+        bin([Name, "-", Vsn]) =/= bin(NameVsn)
+    end,
     case lists:splitwith(SplitF, All) of
         {_, []} ->
-            ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "configured_plugin_not_installed",
-                             name_vsn => NameVsn
-                            }),
+            ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                msg => "configured_plugin_not_installed",
+                name_vsn => NameVsn
+            }),
             list(Rest, All);
         {Front, [I | Rear]} ->
             [I | list(Rest, Front ++ Rear)]
     end.
 
 do_ensure_started(NameVsn) ->
-    tryit("start_plugins",
-          fun() ->
-                  Plugin = do_read_plugin(NameVsn),
-                  ok = load_code_start_apps(NameVsn, Plugin)
-          end).
+    tryit(
+        "start_plugins",
+        fun() ->
+            Plugin = do_read_plugin(NameVsn),
+            ok = load_code_start_apps(NameVsn, Plugin)
+        end
+    ).
 
 %% try the function, catch 'throw' exceptions as normal 'error' return
 %% other exceptions with stacktrace returned.
@@ -309,25 +335,28 @@ tryit(WhichOp, F) ->
     try
         F()
     catch
-        throw : Reason ->
+        throw:Reason ->
             %% thrown exceptions are known errors
             %% translate to a return value without stacktrace
             {error, Reason};
-        error : Reason : Stacktrace ->
+        error:Reason:Stacktrace ->
             %% unexpected errors, log stacktrace
-            ?SLOG(warning, #{ msg => "plugin_op_failed"
-                            , which_op => WhichOp
-                            , exception => Reason
-                            , stacktrace => Stacktrace
-                            }),
+            ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                msg => "plugin_op_failed",
+                which_op => WhichOp,
+                exception => Reason,
+                stacktrace => Stacktrace
+            }),
             {error, {failed, WhichOp}}
     end.
 
 %% read plugin info from the JSON file
 %% returns {ok, Info} or {error, Reason}
 read_plugin(NameVsn, Options) ->
-    tryit("read_plugin_info",
-          fun() -> {ok, do_read_plugin(NameVsn, Options)} end).
+    tryit(
+        "read_plugin_info",
+        fun() -> {ok, do_read_plugin(NameVsn, Options)} end
+    ).
 
 do_read_plugin(Plugin) -> do_read_plugin(Plugin, #{}).
 
@@ -339,10 +368,11 @@ do_read_plugin({file, InfoFile}, Options) ->
             Info1 = plugins_readme(NameVsn, Options, Info0),
             plugin_status(NameVsn, Info1);
         {error, Reason} ->
-            throw(#{error => "bad_info_file",
-                    path => InfoFile,
-                    return => Reason
-                   })
+            throw(#{
+                error => "bad_info_file",
+                path => InfoFile,
+                return => Reason
+            })
     end;
 do_read_plugin(NameVsn, Options) ->
     do_read_plugin({file, info_file(NameVsn)}, Options).
@@ -352,7 +382,8 @@ plugins_readme(NameVsn, #{fill_readme := true}, Info) ->
         {ok, Bin} -> Info#{readme => Bin};
         _ -> Info#{readme => <<>>}
     end;
-plugins_readme(_NameVsn, _Options, Info) -> Info.
+plugins_readme(_NameVsn, _Options, Info) ->
+    Info.
 
 plugin_status(NameVsn, Info) ->
     {AppName, _AppVsn} = parse_name_vsn(NameVsn),
@@ -368,74 +399,91 @@ plugin_status(NameVsn, Info) ->
         end,
     Configured = lists:filtermap(
         fun(#{name_vsn := Nv, enable := St}) ->
-                case bin(Nv) =:= bin(NameVsn) of
-                    true -> {true, St};
-                    false -> false
-                end
-        end, configured()),
-    ConfSt = case Configured of
-                 [] -> not_configured;
-                 [true] -> enabled;
-                 [false] -> disabled
-             end,
-    Info#{ running_status => RunningSt
-         , config_status => ConfSt
+            case bin(Nv) =:= bin(NameVsn) of
+                true -> {true, St};
+                false -> false
+            end
+        end,
+        configured()
+    ),
+    ConfSt =
+        case Configured of
+            [] -> not_configured;
+            [true] -> enabled;
+            [false] -> disabled
+        end,
+    Info#{
+        running_status => RunningSt,
+        config_status => ConfSt
     }.
 
 bin(A) when is_atom(A) -> atom_to_binary(A, utf8);
 bin(L) when is_list(L) -> unicode:characters_to_binary(L, utf8);
 bin(B) when is_binary(B) -> B.
 
-check_plugin(#{ <<"name">> := Name
-              , <<"rel_vsn">> := Vsn
-              , <<"rel_apps">> := Apps
-              , <<"description">> := _
-              } = Info, NameVsn, File) ->
+check_plugin(
+    #{
+        <<"name">> := Name,
+        <<"rel_vsn">> := Vsn,
+        <<"rel_apps">> := Apps,
+        <<"description">> := _
+    } = Info,
+    NameVsn,
+    File
+) ->
     case bin(NameVsn) =:= bin([Name, "-", Vsn]) of
         true ->
             try
-                [_ | _ ] = Apps, %% assert
+                %% assert
+                [_ | _] = Apps,
                 %% validate if the list is all <app>-<vsn> strings
                 lists:foreach(fun parse_name_vsn/1, Apps)
             catch
-                _ : _ ->
-                    throw(#{ error => "bad_rel_apps"
-                           , rel_apps => Apps
-                           , hint => "A non-empty string list of app_name-app_vsn format"
-                           })
+                _:_ ->
+                    throw(#{
+                        error => "bad_rel_apps",
+                        rel_apps => Apps,
+                        hint => "A non-empty string list of app_name-app_vsn format"
+                    })
             end,
             Info;
         false ->
-            throw(#{ error => "name_vsn_mismatch"
-                   , name_vsn => NameVsn
-                   , path => File
-                   , name => Name
-                   , rel_vsn => Vsn
-                   })
+            throw(#{
+                error => "name_vsn_mismatch",
+                name_vsn => NameVsn,
+                path => File,
+                name => Name,
+                rel_vsn => Vsn
+            })
     end;
 check_plugin(_What, NameVsn, File) ->
-    throw(#{ error => "bad_info_file_content"
-           , mandatory_fields => [rel_vsn, name, rel_apps, description]
-           , name_vsn => NameVsn
-           , path => File
-           }).
+    throw(#{
+        error => "bad_info_file_content",
+        mandatory_fields => [rel_vsn, name, rel_apps, description],
+        name_vsn => NameVsn,
+        path => File
+    }).
 
 load_code_start_apps(RelNameVsn, #{<<"rel_apps">> := Apps}) ->
     LibDir = filename:join([install_dir(), RelNameVsn]),
     RunningApps = running_apps(),
     %% load plugin apps and beam code
     AppNames =
-        lists:map(fun(AppNameVsn) ->
-                          {AppName, AppVsn} = parse_name_vsn(AppNameVsn),
-                          EbinDir = filename:join([LibDir, AppNameVsn, "ebin"]),
-                          ok = load_plugin_app(AppName, AppVsn, EbinDir, RunningApps),
-                          AppName
-                  end, Apps),
+        lists:map(
+            fun(AppNameVsn) ->
+                {AppName, AppVsn} = parse_name_vsn(AppNameVsn),
+                EbinDir = filename:join([LibDir, AppNameVsn, "ebin"]),
+                ok = load_plugin_app(AppName, AppVsn, EbinDir, RunningApps),
+                AppName
+            end,
+            Apps
+        ),
     lists:foreach(fun start_app/1, AppNames).
 
 load_plugin_app(AppName, AppVsn, Ebin, RunningApps) ->
     case lists:keyfind(AppName, 1, RunningApps) of
-        false -> do_load_plugin_app(AppName, Ebin);
+        false ->
+            do_load_plugin_app(AppName, Ebin);
         {_, Vsn} ->
             case bin(Vsn) =:= bin(AppVsn) of
                 true ->
@@ -443,10 +491,12 @@ load_plugin_app(AppName, AppVsn, Ebin, RunningApps) ->
                     ok;
                 false ->
                     %% running but a different version
-                    ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "plugin_app_already_running", name => AppName,
-                                     running_vsn => Vsn,
-                                     loading_vsn => AppVsn
-                                    })
+                    ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                        msg => "plugin_app_already_running",
+                        name => AppName,
+                        running_vsn => Vsn,
+                        loading_vsn => AppVsn
+                    })
             end
     end.
 
@@ -457,21 +507,31 @@ do_load_plugin_app(AppName, Ebin) ->
     Modules = filelib:wildcard(filename:join([Ebin, "*.beam"])),
     lists:foreach(
         fun(BeamFile) ->
-                Module = list_to_atom(filename:basename(BeamFile, ".beam")),
-                case code:load_file(Module) of
-                    {module, _} -> ok;
-                    {error, Reason} -> throw(#{error => "failed_to_load_plugin_beam",
-                                               path => BeamFile,
-                                               reason => Reason
-                                              })
-                end
-        end, Modules),
+            Module = list_to_atom(filename:basename(BeamFile, ".beam")),
+            case code:load_file(Module) of
+                {module, _} ->
+                    ok;
+                {error, Reason} ->
+                    throw(#{
+                        error => "failed_to_load_plugin_beam",
+                        path => BeamFile,
+                        reason => Reason
+                    })
+            end
+        end,
+        Modules
+    ),
     case application:load(AppName) of
-        ok -> ok;
-        {error, {already_loaded, _}} -> ok;
-        {error, Reason} -> throw(#{error => "failed_to_load_plugin_app",
-                                   name => AppName,
-                                   reason => Reason})
+        ok ->
+            ok;
+        {error, {already_loaded, _}} ->
+            ok;
+        {error, Reason} ->
+            throw(#{
+                error => "failed_to_load_plugin_app",
+                name => AppName,
+                reason => Reason
+            })
     end.
 
 start_app(App) ->
@@ -484,11 +544,12 @@ start_app(App) ->
             ?SLOG(debug, #{msg => "started_plugin_app", app => App}),
             ok;
         {error, {ErrApp, Reason}} ->
-            throw(#{error => "failed_to_start_plugin_app",
-                    app => App,
-                    err_app => ErrApp,
-                    reason => Reason
-                   })
+            throw(#{
+                error => "failed_to_start_plugin_app",
+                app => App,
+                err_app => ErrApp,
+                reason => Reason
+            })
     end.
 
 %% Stop all apps installed by the plugin package,
@@ -496,18 +557,22 @@ start_app(App) ->
 ensure_apps_stopped(#{<<"rel_apps">> := Apps}) ->
     %% load plugin apps and beam code
     AppsToStop =
-        lists:map(fun(NameVsn) ->
-                          {AppName, _AppVsn} = parse_name_vsn(NameVsn),
-                          AppName
-                  end, Apps),
+        lists:map(
+            fun(NameVsn) ->
+                {AppName, _AppVsn} = parse_name_vsn(NameVsn),
+                AppName
+            end,
+            Apps
+        ),
     case tryit("stop_apps", fun() -> stop_apps(AppsToStop) end) of
         {ok, []} ->
             %% all apps stopped
             ok;
         {ok, Left} ->
-            ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "unabled_to_stop_plugin_apps",
-                             apps => Left
-                            }),
+            ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                msg => "unabled_to_stop_plugin_apps",
+                apps => Left
+            }),
             ok;
         {error, Reason} ->
             {error, Reason}
@@ -516,9 +581,12 @@ ensure_apps_stopped(#{<<"rel_apps">> := Apps}) ->
 stop_apps(Apps) ->
     RunningApps = running_apps(),
     case do_stop_apps(Apps, [], RunningApps) of
-        {ok, []} -> {ok, []}; %% all stopped
-        {ok, Remain} when Remain =:= Apps -> {ok, Apps}; %% no progress
-        {ok, Remain} -> stop_apps(Remain) %% try again
+        %% all stopped
+        {ok, []} -> {ok, []};
+        %% no progress
+        {ok, Remain} when Remain =:= Apps -> {ok, Apps};
+        %% try again
+        {ok, Remain} -> stop_apps(Remain)
     end.
 
 do_stop_apps([], Remain, _AllApps) ->
@@ -553,11 +621,15 @@ unload_moudle_and_app(App) ->
     ok.
 
 is_needed_by_any(AppToStop, RunningApps) ->
-    lists:any(fun({RunningApp, _RunningAppVsn}) ->
-                      is_needed_by(AppToStop, RunningApp)
-              end, RunningApps).
+    lists:any(
+        fun({RunningApp, _RunningAppVsn}) ->
+            is_needed_by(AppToStop, RunningApp)
+        end,
+        RunningApps
+    ).
 
-is_needed_by(AppToStop, AppToStop) -> false;
+is_needed_by(AppToStop, AppToStop) ->
+    false;
 is_needed_by(AppToStop, RunningApp) ->
     case application:get_key(RunningApp, applications) of
         {ok, Deps} -> lists:member(AppToStop, Deps);
@@ -577,7 +649,8 @@ bin_key(Map) when is_map(Map) ->
     maps:fold(fun(K, V, Acc) -> Acc#{bin(K) => V} end, #{}, Map);
 bin_key(List = [#{} | _]) ->
     lists:map(fun(M) -> bin_key(M) end, List);
-bin_key(Term) -> Term.
+bin_key(Term) ->
+    Term.
 
 get_config(Key, Default) when is_atom(Key) ->
     get_config([Key], Default);
@@ -604,8 +677,10 @@ for_plugin(#{name_vsn := NameVsn, enable := true}, Fun) ->
         {error, Reason} -> [{NameVsn, Reason}]
     end;
 for_plugin(#{name_vsn := NameVsn, enable := false}, _Fun) ->
-    ?SLOG(debug, #{msg => "plugin_disabled",
-                   name_vsn => NameVsn}),
+    ?SLOG(debug, #{
+        msg => "plugin_disabled",
+        name_vsn => NameVsn
+    }),
     [].
 
 parse_name_vsn(NameVsn) when is_binary(NameVsn) ->
@@ -627,6 +702,9 @@ readme_file(NameVsn) ->
     filename:join([dir(NameVsn), "README.md"]).
 
 running_apps() ->
-    lists:map(fun({N, _, V}) ->
-                      {N, V}
-              end, application:which_applications(infinity)).
+    lists:map(
+        fun({N, _, V}) ->
+            {N, V}
+        end,
+        application:which_applications(infinity)
+    ).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_app.erl b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_app.erl
index 70fab549f..5d3828fb5 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_app.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_app.erl
@@ -18,12 +18,14 @@
 
 -behaviour(application).
 
--export([ start/2
-        , stop/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start/2,
+    stop/1
+]).
 
 start(_Type, _Args) ->
-    ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_started(), %% load all pre-configured
+    %% load all pre-configured
+    ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_started(),
     {ok, Sup} = emqx_plugins_sup:start_link(),
     {ok, Sup}.
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_cli.erl b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_cli.erl
index 6e9f1dca2..2ea965ce7 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_cli.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_cli.erl
@@ -16,21 +16,23 @@
 
 -module(emqx_plugins_cli).
 
--export([ list/1
-        , describe/2
-        , ensure_installed/2
-        , ensure_uninstalled/2
-        , ensure_started/2
-        , ensure_stopped/2
-        , restart/2
-        , ensure_disabled/2
-        , ensure_enabled/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    list/1,
+    describe/2,
+    ensure_installed/2,
+    ensure_uninstalled/2,
+    ensure_started/2,
+    ensure_stopped/2,
+    restart/2,
+    ensure_disabled/2,
+    ensure_enabled/3
+]).
 
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
 -define(PRINT(EXPR, LOG_FUN),
-        print(NameVsn, fun()-> EXPR end(), LOG_FUN, ?FUNCTION_NAME)).
+    print(NameVsn, fun() -> EXPR end(), LOG_FUN, ?FUNCTION_NAME)
+).
 
 list(LogFun) ->
     LogFun("~ts~n", [to_json(emqx_plugins:list())]).
@@ -43,9 +45,11 @@ describe(NameVsn, LogFun) ->
             %% this should not happen unless the package is manually installed
             %% corrupted packages installed from emqx_plugins:ensure_installed
             %% should not leave behind corrupted files
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "failed_to_describe_plugin",
-                           name_vsn => NameVsn,
-                           cause => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "failed_to_describe_plugin",
+                name_vsn => NameVsn,
+                cause => Reason
+            }),
             %% do nothing to the CLI console
             ok
     end.
@@ -75,14 +79,18 @@ to_json(Input) ->
     emqx_logger_jsonfmt:best_effort_json(Input).
 
 print(NameVsn, Res, LogFun, Action) ->
-    Obj = #{action => Action,
-            name_vsn => NameVsn},
+    Obj = #{
+        action => Action,
+        name_vsn => NameVsn
+    },
     JsonReady =
         case Res of
             ok ->
                 Obj#{result => ok};
             {error, Reason} ->
-                Obj#{result => not_ok,
-                     cause => Reason}
+                Obj#{
+                    result => not_ok,
+                    cause => Reason
+                }
         end,
     LogFun("~ts~n", [to_json(JsonReady)]).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_schema.erl
index eed85558c..ceb8b992f 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_schema.erl
@@ -18,10 +18,11 @@
 
 -behaviour(hocon_schema).
 
--export([ roots/0
-        , fields/1
-        , namespace/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    roots/0,
+    fields/1,
+    namespace/0
+]).
 
 -include_lib("hocon/include/hoconsc.hrl").
 -include("emqx_plugins.hrl").
@@ -31,31 +32,41 @@ namespace() -> "plugin".
 roots() -> [?CONF_ROOT].
 
 fields(?CONF_ROOT) ->
-    #{fields => root_fields(),
-      desc => ?DESC(?CONF_ROOT)
-     };
+    #{
+        fields => root_fields(),
+        desc => ?DESC(?CONF_ROOT)
+    };
 fields(state) ->
-    #{ fields => state_fields(),
-       desc => ?DESC(state)
-     }.
+    #{
+        fields => state_fields(),
+        desc => ?DESC(state)
+    }.
 
 state_fields() ->
-    [ {name_vsn,
-       hoconsc:mk(string(),
-                  #{ desc =>  ?DESC(name_vsn)
-                   , required => true
-                   })}
-    , {enable,
-       hoconsc:mk(boolean(),
-                  #{ desc => ?DESC(enable)
-                   , required => true
-                   })}
+    [
+        {name_vsn,
+            hoconsc:mk(
+                string(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC(name_vsn),
+                    required => true
+                }
+            )},
+        {enable,
+            hoconsc:mk(
+                boolean(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC(enable),
+                    required => true
+                }
+            )}
     ].
 
 root_fields() ->
-    [ {states, fun states/1}
-    , {install_dir, fun install_dir/1}
-    , {check_interval, fun check_interval/1}
+    [
+        {states, fun states/1},
+        {install_dir, fun install_dir/1},
+        {check_interval, fun check_interval/1}
     ].
 
 states(type) -> hoconsc:array(hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, state));
@@ -66,7 +77,8 @@ states(_) -> undefined.
 
 install_dir(type) -> string();
 install_dir(required) -> false;
-install_dir(default) -> "plugins"; %% runner's root dir
+%% runner's root dir
+install_dir(default) -> "plugins";
 install_dir(T) when T =/= desc -> undefined;
 install_dir(desc) -> ?DESC(install_dir).
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_sup.erl b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_sup.erl
index 488372cc6..687e5d39e 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_sup.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/src/emqx_plugins_sup.erl
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ init([]) ->
     %% TODO: Add monitor plugins change.
     Monitor = emqx_plugins_monitor,
     _Children = [
-        #{id => Monitor,
+        #{
+            id => Monitor,
             start => {Monitor, start_link, []},
             restart => permanent,
             shutdown => brutal_kill,
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/test/emqx_plugins_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_plugins/test/emqx_plugins_SUITE.erl
index 00c8b4226..317519124 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/test/emqx_plugins_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/test/emqx_plugins_SUITE.erl
@@ -48,9 +48,12 @@ end_per_suite(Config) ->
 
 init_per_testcase(TestCase, Config) ->
     emqx_plugins:put_configured([]),
-    lists:foreach(fun(#{<<"name">> := Name, <<"rel_vsn">> := Vsn}) ->
-                          emqx_plugins:purge(bin([Name, "-", Vsn]))
-                  end, emqx_plugins:list()),
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(#{<<"name">> := Name, <<"rel_vsn">> := Vsn}) ->
+            emqx_plugins:purge(bin([Name, "-", Vsn]))
+        end,
+        emqx_plugins:list()
+    ),
     ?MODULE:TestCase({init, Config}).
 
 end_per_testcase(TestCase, Config) ->
@@ -59,35 +62,46 @@ end_per_testcase(TestCase, Config) ->
 
 build_demo_plugin_package() ->
     build_demo_plugin_package(
-      #{ target_path => "_build/default/emqx_plugrel"
-       , release_name => "emqx_plugin_template"
-       , git_url => "https://github.com/emqx/emqx-plugin-template.git"
-       , vsn => ?EMQX_PLUGIN_TEMPLATE_VSN
-       , workdir => "demo_src"
-       , shdir => emqx_plugins:install_dir()
-       }).
+        #{
+            target_path => "_build/default/emqx_plugrel",
+            release_name => "emqx_plugin_template",
+            git_url => "https://github.com/emqx/emqx-plugin-template.git",
+            vsn => ?EMQX_PLUGIN_TEMPLATE_VSN,
+            workdir => "demo_src",
+            shdir => emqx_plugins:install_dir()
+        }
+    ).
 
-build_demo_plugin_package(#{ target_path := TargetPath
-                           , release_name := ReleaseName
-                           , git_url := GitUrl
-                           , vsn := PluginVsn
-                           , workdir := DemoWorkDir
-                           , shdir := WorkDir
-                           } = Opts) ->
+build_demo_plugin_package(
+    #{
+        target_path := TargetPath,
+        release_name := ReleaseName,
+        git_url := GitUrl,
+        vsn := PluginVsn,
+        workdir := DemoWorkDir,
+        shdir := WorkDir
+    } = Opts
+) ->
     BuildSh = filename:join([WorkDir, "build-demo-plugin.sh"]),
-    Cmd = string:join([ BuildSh
-                      , PluginVsn
-                      , TargetPath
-                      , ReleaseName
-                      , GitUrl
-                      , DemoWorkDir
-                      ],
-                      " "),
+    Cmd = string:join(
+        [
+            BuildSh,
+            PluginVsn,
+            TargetPath,
+            ReleaseName,
+            GitUrl,
+            DemoWorkDir
+        ],
+        " "
+    ),
     case emqx_run_sh:do(Cmd, [{cd, WorkDir}]) of
         {ok, _} ->
-            Pkg = filename:join([WorkDir, ReleaseName ++ "-" ++
-                                          PluginVsn ++
-                                          ?PACKAGE_SUFFIX]),
+            Pkg = filename:join([
+                WorkDir,
+                ReleaseName ++ "-" ++
+                    PluginVsn ++
+                    ?PACKAGE_SUFFIX
+            ]),
             case filelib:is_regular(Pkg) of
                 true -> Opts#{package => Pkg};
                 false -> error(#{reason => unexpected_build_result, not_found => Pkg})
@@ -104,16 +118,19 @@ bin(B) when is_binary(B) -> B.
 t_demo_install_start_stop_uninstall({init, Config}) ->
     Opts = #{package := Package} = build_demo_plugin_package(),
     NameVsn = filename:basename(Package, ?PACKAGE_SUFFIX),
-    [ {name_vsn, NameVsn}
-    , {plugin_opts, Opts}
-    | Config
+    [
+        {name_vsn, NameVsn},
+        {plugin_opts, Opts}
+        | Config
     ];
-t_demo_install_start_stop_uninstall({'end', _Config}) -> ok;
+t_demo_install_start_stop_uninstall({'end', _Config}) ->
+    ok;
 t_demo_install_start_stop_uninstall(Config) ->
     NameVsn = proplists:get_value(name_vsn, Config),
-    #{ release_name := ReleaseName
-     , vsn := PluginVsn
-     } = proplists:get_value(plugin_opts, Config),
+    #{
+        release_name := ReleaseName,
+        vsn := PluginVsn
+    } = proplists:get_value(plugin_opts, Config),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_installed(NameVsn),
     %% idempotent
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_installed(NameVsn),
@@ -129,8 +146,10 @@ t_demo_install_start_stop_uninstall(Config) ->
     ok = assert_app_running(map_sets, true),
 
     %% running app can not be un-installed
-    ?assertMatch({error, _},
-                 emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, _},
+        emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn)
+    ),
 
     %% stop
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_stopped(NameVsn),
@@ -143,9 +162,15 @@ t_demo_install_start_stop_uninstall(Config) ->
     %% still listed after stopped
     ReleaseNameBin = list_to_binary(ReleaseName),
     PluginVsnBin = list_to_binary(PluginVsn),
-    ?assertMatch([#{<<"name">> := ReleaseNameBin,
-                    <<"rel_vsn">> :=  PluginVsnBin
-                   }], emqx_plugins:list()),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        [
+            #{
+                <<"name">> := ReleaseNameBin,
+                <<"rel_vsn">> := PluginVsnBin
+            }
+        ],
+        emqx_plugins:list()
+    ),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_plugins:list()),
     ok.
@@ -164,23 +189,29 @@ t_position({init, Config}) ->
     #{package := Package} = build_demo_plugin_package(),
     NameVsn = filename:basename(Package, ?PACKAGE_SUFFIX),
     [{name_vsn, NameVsn} | Config];
-t_position({'end', _Config}) -> ok;
+t_position({'end', _Config}) ->
+    ok;
 t_position(Config) ->
     NameVsn = proplists:get_value(name_vsn, Config),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_installed(NameVsn),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_enabled(NameVsn),
-    FakeInfo = "name=position, rel_vsn=\"2\", rel_apps=[\"position-9\"],"
-    "description=\"desc fake position app\"",
+    FakeInfo =
+        "name=position, rel_vsn=\"2\", rel_apps=[\"position-9\"],"
+        "description=\"desc fake position app\"",
     PosApp2 = <<"position-2">>,
     ok = write_info_file(Config, PosApp2, FakeInfo),
     %% fake a disabled plugin in config
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_state(PosApp2, {before, NameVsn}, false),
     ListFun = fun() ->
-        lists:map(fun(
-            #{<<"name">> := Name, <<"rel_vsn">> := Vsn}) ->
-            <<Name/binary, "-", Vsn/binary>>
-                  end, emqx_plugins:list())
-              end,
+        lists:map(
+            fun(
+                #{<<"name">> := Name, <<"rel_vsn">> := Vsn}
+            ) ->
+                <<Name/binary, "-", Vsn/binary>>
+            end,
+            emqx_plugins:list()
+        )
+    end,
     ?assertEqual([PosApp2, list_to_binary(NameVsn)], ListFun()),
     emqx_plugins:ensure_enabled(PosApp2, {behind, NameVsn}),
     ?assertEqual([list_to_binary(NameVsn), PosApp2], ListFun()),
@@ -197,13 +228,15 @@ t_start_restart_and_stop({init, Config}) ->
     #{package := Package} = build_demo_plugin_package(),
     NameVsn = filename:basename(Package, ?PACKAGE_SUFFIX),
     [{name_vsn, NameVsn} | Config];
-t_start_restart_and_stop({'end', _Config}) -> ok;
+t_start_restart_and_stop({'end', _Config}) ->
+    ok;
 t_start_restart_and_stop(Config) ->
     NameVsn = proplists:get_value(name_vsn, Config),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_installed(NameVsn),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_enabled(NameVsn),
-    FakeInfo = "name=bar, rel_vsn=\"2\", rel_apps=[\"bar-9\"],"
-               "description=\"desc bar\"",
+    FakeInfo =
+        "name=bar, rel_vsn=\"2\", rel_apps=[\"bar-9\"],"
+        "description=\"desc bar\"",
     Bar2 = <<"bar-2">>,
     ok = write_info_file(Config, Bar2, FakeInfo),
     %% fake a disabled plugin in config
@@ -216,8 +249,10 @@ t_start_restart_and_stop(Config) ->
     %% fake enable bar-2
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_state(Bar2, rear, true),
     %% should cause an error
-    ?assertError(#{function := _, errors := [_ | _]},
-                 emqx_plugins:ensure_started()),
+    ?assertError(
+        #{function := _, errors := [_ | _]},
+        emqx_plugins:ensure_started()
+    ),
     %% but demo plugin should still be running
     assert_app_running(emqx_plugin_template, true),
 
@@ -255,9 +290,13 @@ t_enable_disable(Config) ->
     ?assertEqual([#{name_vsn => NameVsn, enable => false}], emqx_plugins:configured()),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_enabled(bin(NameVsn)),
     ?assertEqual([#{name_vsn => NameVsn, enable => true}], emqx_plugins:configured()),
-    ?assertMatch({error, #{reason := "bad_plugin_config_status",
-                           hint := "disable_the_plugin_first"
-                          }}, emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, #{
+            reason := "bad_plugin_config_status",
+            hint := "disable_the_plugin_first"
+        }},
+        emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn)
+    ),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_disabled(bin(NameVsn)),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn),
     ?assertMatch({error, _}, emqx_plugins:ensure_enabled(NameVsn)),
@@ -271,20 +310,28 @@ assert_app_running(Name, false) ->
     AllApps = application:which_applications(),
     ?assertEqual(false, lists:keyfind(Name, 1, AllApps)).
 
-t_bad_tar_gz({init, Config}) -> Config;
-t_bad_tar_gz({'end', _Config}) -> ok;
+t_bad_tar_gz({init, Config}) ->
+    Config;
+t_bad_tar_gz({'end', _Config}) ->
+    ok;
 t_bad_tar_gz(Config) ->
     WorkDir = proplists:get_value(data_dir, Config),
     FakeTarTz = filename:join([WorkDir, "fake-vsn.tar.gz"]),
     ok = file:write_file(FakeTarTz, "a\n"),
-    ?assertMatch({error, #{reason := "bad_plugin_package",
-                           return := eof
-                          }},
-                 emqx_plugins:ensure_installed("fake-vsn")),
-    ?assertMatch({error, #{reason := "failed_to_extract_plugin_package",
-                           return := not_found
-                          }},
-                 emqx_plugins:ensure_installed("nonexisting")),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, #{
+            reason := "bad_plugin_package",
+            return := eof
+        }},
+        emqx_plugins:ensure_installed("fake-vsn")
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, #{
+            reason := "failed_to_extract_plugin_package",
+            return := not_found
+        }},
+        emqx_plugins:ensure_installed("nonexisting")
+    ),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_plugins:list()),
     ok = emqx_plugins:delete_package("fake-vsn"),
     %% idempotent
@@ -292,8 +339,10 @@ t_bad_tar_gz(Config) ->
 
 %% create a corrupted .tar.gz
 %% failed install attempts should not leave behind extracted dir
-t_bad_tar_gz2({init, Config}) -> Config;
-t_bad_tar_gz2({'end', _Config}) -> ok;
+t_bad_tar_gz2({init, Config}) ->
+    Config;
+t_bad_tar_gz2({'end', _Config}) ->
+    ok;
 t_bad_tar_gz2(Config) ->
     WorkDir = proplists:get_value(data_dir, Config),
     NameVsn = "foo-0.2",
@@ -310,45 +359,57 @@ t_bad_tar_gz2(Config) ->
     ?assertEqual({error, enoent}, file:read_file_info(emqx_plugins:dir(NameVsn))),
     ok = emqx_plugins:delete_package(NameVsn).
 
-t_bad_info_json({init, Config}) -> Config;
-t_bad_info_json({'end', _}) -> ok;
+t_bad_info_json({init, Config}) ->
+    Config;
+t_bad_info_json({'end', _}) ->
+    ok;
 t_bad_info_json(Config) ->
     NameVsn = "test-2",
     ok = write_info_file(Config, NameVsn, "bad-syntax"),
-    ?assertMatch({error, #{error := "bad_info_file",
-                           return := {parse_error, _}
-                          }},
-                 emqx_plugins:describe(NameVsn)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, #{
+            error := "bad_info_file",
+            return := {parse_error, _}
+        }},
+        emqx_plugins:describe(NameVsn)
+    ),
     ok = write_info_file(Config, NameVsn, "{\"bad\": \"obj\"}"),
-    ?assertMatch({error, #{error := "bad_info_file_content",
-                           mandatory_fields := _
-                          }},
-                 emqx_plugins:describe(NameVsn)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, #{
+            error := "bad_info_file_content",
+            mandatory_fields := _
+        }},
+        emqx_plugins:describe(NameVsn)
+    ),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_plugins:list()),
     emqx_plugins:purge(NameVsn),
     ok.
 
 t_elixir_plugin({init, Config}) ->
     Opts0 =
-        #{ target_path => "_build/prod/plugrelex/elixir_plugin_template"
-         , release_name => "elixir_plugin_template"
-         , git_url => "https://github.com/emqx/emqx-elixir-plugin.git"
-         , vsn => ?EMQX_ELIXIR_PLUGIN_TEMPLATE_VSN
-         , workdir => "demo_src_elixir"
-         , shdir => emqx_plugins:install_dir()
-         },
+        #{
+            target_path => "_build/prod/plugrelex/elixir_plugin_template",
+            release_name => "elixir_plugin_template",
+            git_url => "https://github.com/emqx/emqx-elixir-plugin.git",
+            vsn => ?EMQX_ELIXIR_PLUGIN_TEMPLATE_VSN,
+            workdir => "demo_src_elixir",
+            shdir => emqx_plugins:install_dir()
+        },
     Opts = #{package := Package} = build_demo_plugin_package(Opts0),
     NameVsn = filename:basename(Package, ?PACKAGE_SUFFIX),
-    [ {name_vsn, NameVsn}
-    , {plugin_opts, Opts}
-    | Config
+    [
+        {name_vsn, NameVsn},
+        {plugin_opts, Opts}
+        | Config
     ];
-t_elixir_plugin({'end', _Config}) -> ok;
+t_elixir_plugin({'end', _Config}) ->
+    ok;
 t_elixir_plugin(Config) ->
     NameVsn = proplists:get_value(name_vsn, Config),
-    #{ release_name := ReleaseName
-     , vsn := PluginVsn
-     } = proplists:get_value(plugin_opts, Config),
+    #{
+        release_name := ReleaseName,
+        vsn := PluginVsn
+    } = proplists:get_value(plugin_opts, Config),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_installed(NameVsn),
     %% idempotent
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_installed(NameVsn),
@@ -368,8 +429,10 @@ t_elixir_plugin(Config) ->
     3 = 'Elixir.Kernel':'+'(1, 2),
 
     %% running app can not be un-installed
-    ?assertMatch({error, _},
-                 emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, _},
+        emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn)
+    ),
 
     %% stop
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_stopped(NameVsn),
@@ -382,9 +445,15 @@ t_elixir_plugin(Config) ->
     %% still listed after stopped
     ReleaseNameBin = list_to_binary(ReleaseName),
     PluginVsnBin = list_to_binary(PluginVsn),
-    ?assertMatch([#{<<"name">> := ReleaseNameBin,
-                    <<"rel_vsn">> :=  PluginVsnBin
-                   }], emqx_plugins:list()),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        [
+            #{
+                <<"name">> := ReleaseNameBin,
+                <<"rel_vsn">> := PluginVsnBin
+            }
+        ],
+        emqx_plugins:list()
+    ),
     ok = emqx_plugins:ensure_uninstalled(NameVsn),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_plugins:list()),
     ok.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_plugins/test/emqx_plugins_tests.erl b/apps/emqx_plugins/test/emqx_plugins_tests.erl
index f118cbb28..cda6dbf0f 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_plugins/test/emqx_plugins_tests.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_plugins/test/emqx_plugins_tests.erl
@@ -23,23 +23,26 @@
 
 ensure_configured_test_todo() ->
     meck_emqx(),
-    try test_ensure_configured()
-    after emqx_plugins:put_configured([])
+    try
+        test_ensure_configured()
+    after
+        emqx_plugins:put_configured([])
     end,
     meck:unload(emqx).
 
-
 test_ensure_configured() ->
     ok = emqx_plugins:put_configured([]),
-    P1 =#{name_vsn => "p-1", enable => true},
-    P2 =#{name_vsn => "p-2", enable => true},
-    P3 =#{name_vsn => "p-3", enable => false},
+    P1 = #{name_vsn => "p-1", enable => true},
+    P2 = #{name_vsn => "p-2", enable => true},
+    P3 = #{name_vsn => "p-3", enable => false},
     emqx_plugins:ensure_configured(P1, front),
     emqx_plugins:ensure_configured(P2, {before, <<"p-1">>}),
     emqx_plugins:ensure_configured(P3, {before, <<"p-1">>}),
     ?assertEqual([P2, P3, P1], emqx_plugins:configured()),
-    ?assertThrow(#{error := "position_anchor_plugin_not_configured"},
-                 emqx_plugins:ensure_configured(P3, {before, <<"unknown-x">>})).
+    ?assertThrow(
+        #{error := "position_anchor_plugin_not_configured"},
+        emqx_plugins:ensure_configured(P3, {before, <<"unknown-x">>})
+    ).
 
 read_plugin_test() ->
     meck_emqx(),
@@ -47,16 +50,20 @@ read_plugin_test() ->
         fun(_Dir) ->
             NameVsn = "bar-5",
             InfoFile = emqx_plugins:info_file(NameVsn),
-            FakeInfo = "name=bar, rel_vsn=\"5\", rel_apps=[justname_no_vsn],"
-                       "description=\"desc bar\"",
+            FakeInfo =
+                "name=bar, rel_vsn=\"5\", rel_apps=[justname_no_vsn],"
+                "description=\"desc bar\"",
             try
                 ok = write_file(InfoFile, FakeInfo),
-                ?assertMatch({error, #{error := "bad_rel_apps"}},
-                             emqx_plugins:read_plugin(NameVsn, #{}))
+                ?assertMatch(
+                    {error, #{error := "bad_rel_apps"}},
+                    emqx_plugins:read_plugin(NameVsn, #{})
+                )
             after
                 emqx_plugins:purge(NameVsn)
             end
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
     meck:unload(emqx).
 
 with_rand_install_dir(F) ->
@@ -91,7 +98,8 @@ delete_package_test() ->
             Dir = File,
             ok = filelib:ensure_dir(filename:join([Dir, "foo"])),
             ?assertMatch({error, _}, emqx_plugins:delete_package("a-1"))
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
     meck:unload(emqx).
 
 %% purge plugin's install dir should mostly work and return ok
@@ -110,15 +118,19 @@ purge_test() ->
             %% write a file for the dir path
             ok = file:write_file(Dir, "a"),
             ?assertEqual(ok, emqx_plugins:purge("a-1"))
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
     meck:unload(emqx).
 
 meck_emqx() ->
     meck:new(emqx, [unstick, passthrough]),
-    meck:expect(emqx, update_config,
+    meck:expect(
+        emqx,
+        update_config,
         fun(Path, Values, _Opts) ->
             emqx_config:put(Path, Values)
-        end),
+        end
+    ),
     %meck:expect(emqx, get_config,
     %    fun(KeyPath, Default) ->
     %        Map = emqx:get_raw_config(KeyPath, Default),
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/rebar.config b/apps/emqx_prometheus/rebar.config
index 974192a41..910ee9f82 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/rebar.config
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/rebar.config
@@ -1,23 +1,32 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
 
-{deps,
- [ {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}},
-   %% FIXME: tag this as v3.1.3
-   {prometheus, {git, "https://github.com/deadtrickster/prometheus.erl", {tag, "v4.8.1"}}},
-   {hocon, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/hocon.git", {tag, "0.27.4"}}}
- ]}.
+{deps, [
+    {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}},
+    %% FIXME: tag this as v3.1.3
+    {prometheus, {git, "https://github.com/deadtrickster/prometheus.erl", {tag, "v4.8.1"}}},
+    {hocon, {git, "https://github.com/emqx/hocon.git", {tag, "0.27.4"}}}
+]}.
 
 {edoc_opts, [{preprocess, true}]}.
-{erl_opts, [warn_unused_vars,
-            warn_shadow_vars,
-            warn_unused_import,
-            warn_obsolete_guard,
-            debug_info,
-            {parse_transform}]}.
+{erl_opts, [
+    warn_unused_vars,
+    warn_shadow_vars,
+    warn_unused_import,
+    warn_obsolete_guard,
+    debug_info,
+    {parse_transform}
+]}.
 
-{xref_checks, [undefined_function_calls, undefined_functions,
-               locals_not_used, deprecated_function_calls,
-               warnings_as_errors, deprecated_functions]}.
+{xref_checks, [
+    undefined_function_calls,
+    undefined_functions,
+    locals_not_used,
+    deprecated_function_calls,
+    warnings_as_errors,
+    deprecated_functions
+]}.
 {cover_enabled, true}.
 {cover_opts, [verbose]}.
 {cover_export_enabled, true}.
+
+{project_plugins, [erlfmt]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus.app.src b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus.app.src
index 0edac7b69..de3089524 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus.app.src
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus.app.src
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
-{application, emqx_prometheus,
- [{description, "Prometheus for EMQX"},
-  {vsn, "5.0.0"}, % strict semver, bump manually!
-  {modules, []},
-  {registered, [emqx_prometheus_sup]},
-  {applications, [kernel,stdlib,prometheus,emqx]},
-  {mod, {emqx_prometheus_app,[]}},
-  {env, []},
-  {licenses, ["Apache-2.0"]},
-  {maintainers, ["EMQX Team <contact@emqx.io>"]},
-  {links, [{"Homepage", "https://emqx.io/"},
-           {"Github", "https://github.com/emqx/emqx-prometheus"}
-          ]}
- ]}.
+{application, emqx_prometheus, [
+    {description, "Prometheus for EMQX"},
+    % strict semver, bump manually!
+    {vsn, "5.0.0"},
+    {modules, []},
+    {registered, [emqx_prometheus_sup]},
+    {applications, [kernel, stdlib, prometheus, emqx]},
+    {mod, {emqx_prometheus_app, []}},
+    {env, []},
+    {licenses, ["Apache-2.0"]},
+    {maintainers, ["EMQX Team <contact@emqx.io>"]},
+    {links, [
+        {"Homepage", "https://emqx.io/"},
+        {"Github", "https://github.com/emqx/emqx-prometheus"}
+    ]}
+]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus.erl
index 131e3fc12..4bbfbe524 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus.erl
@@ -28,38 +28,44 @@
 -include_lib("prometheus/include/prometheus_model.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
--import(prometheus_model_helpers,
-        [ create_mf/5
-        , gauge_metric/1
-        , counter_metric/1
-        ]).
+-import(
+    prometheus_model_helpers,
+    [
+        create_mf/5,
+        gauge_metric/1,
+        counter_metric/1
+    ]
+).
 
--export([ update/1
-        , start/0
-        , stop/0
-        , restart/0
-        % for rpc
-        , do_start/0
-        , do_stop/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    update/1,
+    start/0,
+    stop/0,
+    restart/0,
+    % for rpc
+    do_start/0,
+    do_stop/0
+]).
 
 %% APIs
 -export([start_link/1]).
 
 %% gen_server callbacks
--export([ init/1
-        , handle_call/3
-        , handle_cast/2
-        , handle_info/2
-        , code_change/3
-        , terminate/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    init/1,
+    handle_call/3,
+    handle_cast/2,
+    handle_info/2,
+    code_change/3,
+    terminate/2
+]).
 
 %% prometheus_collector callback
--export([ deregister_cleanup/1
-        , collect_mf/2
-        , collect_metrics/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    deregister_cleanup/1,
+    collect_mf/2,
+    collect_metrics/2
+]).
 
 -export([collect/1]).
 
@@ -72,8 +78,13 @@
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% update new config
 update(Config) ->
-    case emqx_conf:update([prometheus], Config,
-                            #{rawconf_with_defaults => true, override_to => cluster}) of
+    case
+        emqx_conf:update(
+            [prometheus],
+            Config,
+            #{rawconf_with_defaults => true, override_to => cluster}
+        )
+    of
         {ok, #{raw_config := NewConfigRows}} ->
             case maps:get(<<"enable">>, Config, true) of
                 true ->
@@ -131,13 +142,12 @@ handle_call(_Msg, _From, State) ->
 handle_cast(_Msg, State) ->
     {noreply, State}.
 
-handle_info({timeout, R, ?TIMER_MSG}, State = #state{timer=R, push_gateway=Uri}) ->
+handle_info({timeout, R, ?TIMER_MSG}, State = #state{timer = R, push_gateway = Uri}) ->
     [Name, Ip] = string:tokens(atom_to_list(node()), "@"),
-    Url = lists:concat([Uri, "/metrics/job/", Name, "/instance/",Name, "~", Ip]),
+    Url = lists:concat([Uri, "/metrics/job/", Name, "/instance/", Name, "~", Ip]),
     Data = prometheus_text_format:format(),
     httpc:request(post, {Url, [], "text/plain", Data}, [{autoredirect, true}], []),
     {noreply, ensure_timer(State)};
-
 handle_info(_Msg, State) ->
     {noreply, State}.
 
@@ -176,14 +186,15 @@ collect(<<"json">>) ->
     Metrics = emqx_metrics:all(),
     Stats = emqx_stats:getstats(),
     VMData = emqx_vm_data(),
-    #{stats => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Stats) || Name <- emqx_stats()]),
-      metrics => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, VMData) || Name <- emqx_vm()]),
-      packets => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_packets()]),
-      messages => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_messages()]),
-      delivery => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_delivery()]),
-      client => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_client()]),
-      session => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_session()])};
-
+    #{
+        stats => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Stats) || Name <- emqx_stats()]),
+        metrics => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, VMData) || Name <- emqx_vm()]),
+        packets => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_packets()]),
+        messages => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_messages()]),
+        delivery => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_delivery()]),
+        client => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_client()]),
+        session => maps:from_list([collect_stats(Name, Metrics) || Name <- emqx_metrics_session()])
+    };
 collect(<<"prometheus">>) ->
     prometheus_text_format:format().
 
@@ -219,13 +230,11 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_connections_count, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('connections.count', Stats));
 emqx_collect(emqx_connections_max, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('connections.max', Stats));
-
 %% sessions
 emqx_collect(emqx_sessions_count, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('sessions.count', Stats));
 emqx_collect(emqx_sessions_max, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('sessions.max', Stats));
-
 %% pub/sub stats
 emqx_collect(emqx_topics_count, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('topics.count', Stats));
@@ -247,13 +256,11 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_subscriptions_shared_count, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('subscriptions.shared.count', Stats));
 emqx_collect(emqx_subscriptions_shared_max, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('subscriptions.shared.max', Stats));
-
 %% retained
 emqx_collect(emqx_retained_count, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('retained.count', Stats));
 emqx_collect(emqx_retained_max, Stats) ->
     gauge_metric(?C('retained.max', Stats));
-
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Metrics - packets & bytes
 
@@ -262,13 +269,11 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_bytes_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('bytes.received', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_bytes_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('bytes.sent', Metrics));
-
 %% received.sent
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.received', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.sent', Metrics));
-
 %% connect
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_connect, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.connect.received', Metrics));
@@ -278,7 +283,6 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_packets_connack_error, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.connack.error', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_connack_auth_error, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.connack.auth_error', Metrics));
-
 %% sub.unsub
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_subscribe_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.subscribe.received', Metrics));
@@ -294,7 +298,6 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_packets_unsubscribe_error, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.unsubscribe.error', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_unsuback_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.unsuback.sent', Metrics));
-
 %% publish.puback
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_publish_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.publish.received', Metrics));
@@ -308,7 +311,6 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_packets_publish_auth_error, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.publish.auth_error', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_publish_dropped, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.publish.dropped', Metrics));
-
 %% puback
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_puback_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.puback.received', Metrics));
@@ -318,7 +320,6 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_packets_puback_inuse, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.puback.inuse', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_puback_missed, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.puback.missed', Metrics));
-
 %% pubrec
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubrec_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubrec.received', Metrics));
@@ -328,7 +329,6 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubrec_inuse, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubrec.inuse', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubrec_missed, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubrec.missed', Metrics));
-
 %% pubrel
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubrel_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubrel.received', Metrics));
@@ -336,7 +336,6 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubrel_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubrel.sent', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubrel_missed, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubrel.missed', Metrics));
-
 %% pubcomp
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubcomp_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubcomp.received', Metrics));
@@ -346,77 +345,59 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubcomp_inuse, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubcomp.inuse', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pubcomp_missed, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pubcomp.missed', Metrics));
-
 %% pingreq
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pingreq_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pingreq.received', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_pingresp_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.pingresp.sent', Metrics));
-
 %% disconnect
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_disconnect_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.disconnect.received', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_disconnect_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.disconnect.sent', Metrics));
-
 %% auth
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_auth_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.auth.received', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_packets_auth_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('packets.auth.sent', Metrics));
-
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Metrics - messages
 
 %% messages
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.received', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.sent', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_qos0_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.qos0.received', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_qos0_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.qos0.sent', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_qos1_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.qos1.received', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_qos1_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.qos1.sent', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_qos2_received, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.qos2.received', Metrics));
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_qos2_sent, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.qos2.sent', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_publish, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.publish', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_dropped, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.dropped', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_dropped_expired, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.dropped.await_pubrel_timeout', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_dropped_no_subscribers, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.dropped.no_subscribers', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_forward, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.forward', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_retained, Metrics) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.retained', Metrics));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_delayed, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.delayed', Stats));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_delivered, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.delivered', Stats));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_messages_acked, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('messages.acked', Stats));
-
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Metrics - delivery
 
@@ -432,7 +413,6 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_delivery_dropped_queue_full, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('delivery.dropped.queue_full', Stats));
 emqx_collect(emqx_delivery_dropped_expired, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('delivery.dropped.expired', Stats));
-
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Metrics - client
 
@@ -450,7 +430,6 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_client_unsubscribe, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('client.unsubscribe', Stats));
 emqx_collect(emqx_client_disconnected, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('client.disconnected', Stats));
-
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Metrics - session
 
@@ -464,31 +443,23 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_session_discarded, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('session.discarded', Stats));
 emqx_collect(emqx_session_terminated, Stats) ->
     counter_metric(?C('session.terminated', Stats));
-
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% VM
 
 emqx_collect(emqx_vm_cpu_use, VMData) ->
     gauge_metric(?C(cpu_use, VMData));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_vm_cpu_idle, VMData) ->
     gauge_metric(?C(cpu_idle, VMData));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_vm_run_queue, VMData) ->
     gauge_metric(?C(run_queue, VMData));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_vm_process_messages_in_queues, VMData) ->
     gauge_metric(?C(process_total_messages, VMData));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_vm_total_memory, VMData) ->
     gauge_metric(?C(total_memory, VMData));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_vm_used_memory, VMData) ->
     gauge_metric(?C(used_memory, VMData));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_cluster_nodes_running, ClusterData) ->
     gauge_metric(?C(nodes_running, ClusterData));
-
 emqx_collect(emqx_cluster_nodes_stopped, ClusterData) ->
     gauge_metric(?C(nodes_stopped, ClusterData)).
 
@@ -497,142 +468,157 @@ emqx_collect(emqx_cluster_nodes_stopped, ClusterData) ->
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 emqx_stats() ->
-    [ emqx_connections_count
-    , emqx_connections_max
-    , emqx_sessions_count
-    , emqx_sessions_max
-    , emqx_topics_count
-    , emqx_topics_max
-    , emqx_suboptions_count
-    , emqx_suboptions_max
-    , emqx_subscribers_count
-    , emqx_subscribers_max
-    , emqx_subscriptions_count
-    , emqx_subscriptions_max
-    , emqx_subscriptions_shared_count
-    , emqx_subscriptions_shared_max
-    , emqx_retained_count
-    , emqx_retained_max
+    [
+        emqx_connections_count,
+        emqx_connections_max,
+        emqx_sessions_count,
+        emqx_sessions_max,
+        emqx_topics_count,
+        emqx_topics_max,
+        emqx_suboptions_count,
+        emqx_suboptions_max,
+        emqx_subscribers_count,
+        emqx_subscribers_max,
+        emqx_subscriptions_count,
+        emqx_subscriptions_max,
+        emqx_subscriptions_shared_count,
+        emqx_subscriptions_shared_max,
+        emqx_retained_count,
+        emqx_retained_max
     ].
 
 emqx_metrics_packets() ->
-    [ emqx_bytes_received
-    , emqx_bytes_sent
-    , emqx_packets_received
-    , emqx_packets_sent
-    , emqx_packets_connect
-    , emqx_packets_connack_sent
-    , emqx_packets_connack_error
-    , emqx_packets_connack_auth_error
-    , emqx_packets_publish_received
-    , emqx_packets_publish_sent
-    , emqx_packets_publish_inuse
-    , emqx_packets_publish_error
-    , emqx_packets_publish_auth_error
-    , emqx_packets_publish_dropped
-    , emqx_packets_puback_received
-    , emqx_packets_puback_sent
-    , emqx_packets_puback_inuse
-    , emqx_packets_puback_missed
-    , emqx_packets_pubrec_received
-    , emqx_packets_pubrec_sent
-    , emqx_packets_pubrec_inuse
-    , emqx_packets_pubrec_missed
-    , emqx_packets_pubrel_received
-    , emqx_packets_pubrel_sent
-    , emqx_packets_pubrel_missed
-    , emqx_packets_pubcomp_received
-    , emqx_packets_pubcomp_sent
-    , emqx_packets_pubcomp_inuse
-    , emqx_packets_pubcomp_missed
-    , emqx_packets_subscribe_received
-    , emqx_packets_subscribe_error
-    , emqx_packets_subscribe_auth_error
-    , emqx_packets_suback_sent
-    , emqx_packets_unsubscribe_received
-    , emqx_packets_unsubscribe_error
-    , emqx_packets_unsuback_sent
-    , emqx_packets_pingreq_received
-    , emqx_packets_pingresp_sent
-    , emqx_packets_disconnect_received
-    , emqx_packets_disconnect_sent
-    , emqx_packets_auth_received
-    , emqx_packets_auth_sent
+    [
+        emqx_bytes_received,
+        emqx_bytes_sent,
+        emqx_packets_received,
+        emqx_packets_sent,
+        emqx_packets_connect,
+        emqx_packets_connack_sent,
+        emqx_packets_connack_error,
+        emqx_packets_connack_auth_error,
+        emqx_packets_publish_received,
+        emqx_packets_publish_sent,
+        emqx_packets_publish_inuse,
+        emqx_packets_publish_error,
+        emqx_packets_publish_auth_error,
+        emqx_packets_publish_dropped,
+        emqx_packets_puback_received,
+        emqx_packets_puback_sent,
+        emqx_packets_puback_inuse,
+        emqx_packets_puback_missed,
+        emqx_packets_pubrec_received,
+        emqx_packets_pubrec_sent,
+        emqx_packets_pubrec_inuse,
+        emqx_packets_pubrec_missed,
+        emqx_packets_pubrel_received,
+        emqx_packets_pubrel_sent,
+        emqx_packets_pubrel_missed,
+        emqx_packets_pubcomp_received,
+        emqx_packets_pubcomp_sent,
+        emqx_packets_pubcomp_inuse,
+        emqx_packets_pubcomp_missed,
+        emqx_packets_subscribe_received,
+        emqx_packets_subscribe_error,
+        emqx_packets_subscribe_auth_error,
+        emqx_packets_suback_sent,
+        emqx_packets_unsubscribe_received,
+        emqx_packets_unsubscribe_error,
+        emqx_packets_unsuback_sent,
+        emqx_packets_pingreq_received,
+        emqx_packets_pingresp_sent,
+        emqx_packets_disconnect_received,
+        emqx_packets_disconnect_sent,
+        emqx_packets_auth_received,
+        emqx_packets_auth_sent
     ].
 
 emqx_metrics_messages() ->
-    [ emqx_messages_received
-    , emqx_messages_sent
-    , emqx_messages_qos0_received
-    , emqx_messages_qos0_sent
-    , emqx_messages_qos1_received
-    , emqx_messages_qos1_sent
-    , emqx_messages_qos2_received
-    , emqx_messages_qos2_sent
-    , emqx_messages_publish
-    , emqx_messages_dropped
-    , emqx_messages_dropped_expired
-    , emqx_messages_dropped_no_subscribers
-    , emqx_messages_forward
-    , emqx_messages_retained
-    , emqx_messages_delayed
-    , emqx_messages_delivered
-    , emqx_messages_acked
+    [
+        emqx_messages_received,
+        emqx_messages_sent,
+        emqx_messages_qos0_received,
+        emqx_messages_qos0_sent,
+        emqx_messages_qos1_received,
+        emqx_messages_qos1_sent,
+        emqx_messages_qos2_received,
+        emqx_messages_qos2_sent,
+        emqx_messages_publish,
+        emqx_messages_dropped,
+        emqx_messages_dropped_expired,
+        emqx_messages_dropped_no_subscribers,
+        emqx_messages_forward,
+        emqx_messages_retained,
+        emqx_messages_delayed,
+        emqx_messages_delivered,
+        emqx_messages_acked
     ].
 
 emqx_metrics_delivery() ->
-    [ emqx_delivery_dropped
-    , emqx_delivery_dropped_no_local
-    , emqx_delivery_dropped_too_large
-    , emqx_delivery_dropped_qos0_msg
-    , emqx_delivery_dropped_queue_full
-    , emqx_delivery_dropped_expired
+    [
+        emqx_delivery_dropped,
+        emqx_delivery_dropped_no_local,
+        emqx_delivery_dropped_too_large,
+        emqx_delivery_dropped_qos0_msg,
+        emqx_delivery_dropped_queue_full,
+        emqx_delivery_dropped_expired
     ].
 
 emqx_metrics_client() ->
-    [ emqx_client_connected
-    , emqx_client_authenticate
-    , emqx_client_auth_anonymous
-    , emqx_client_authorize
-    , emqx_client_subscribe
-    , emqx_client_unsubscribe
-    , emqx_client_disconnected
+    [
+        emqx_client_connected,
+        emqx_client_authenticate,
+        emqx_client_auth_anonymous,
+        emqx_client_authorize,
+        emqx_client_subscribe,
+        emqx_client_unsubscribe,
+        emqx_client_disconnected
     ].
 
 emqx_metrics_session() ->
-    [ emqx_session_created
-    , emqx_session_resumed
-    , emqx_session_takenover
-    , emqx_session_discarded
-    , emqx_session_terminated
+    [
+        emqx_session_created,
+        emqx_session_resumed,
+        emqx_session_takenover,
+        emqx_session_discarded,
+        emqx_session_terminated
     ].
 
 emqx_vm() ->
-    [ emqx_vm_cpu_use
-    , emqx_vm_cpu_idle
-    , emqx_vm_run_queue
-    , emqx_vm_process_messages_in_queues
-    , emqx_vm_total_memory
-    , emqx_vm_used_memory
+    [
+        emqx_vm_cpu_use,
+        emqx_vm_cpu_idle,
+        emqx_vm_run_queue,
+        emqx_vm_process_messages_in_queues,
+        emqx_vm_total_memory,
+        emqx_vm_used_memory
     ].
 
 emqx_vm_data() ->
-    Idle = case cpu_sup:util([detailed]) of
-               {_, 0, 0, _} -> 0; %% Not support for Windows
-               {_Num, _Use, IdleList, _} -> ?C(idle, IdleList)
-           end,
+    Idle =
+        case cpu_sup:util([detailed]) of
+            %% Not support for Windows
+            {_, 0, 0, _} -> 0;
+            {_Num, _Use, IdleList, _} -> ?C(idle, IdleList)
+        end,
     RunQueue = erlang:statistics(run_queue),
-    [{run_queue, RunQueue},
-     {process_total_messages, 0}, %% XXX: Plan removed at v5.0
-     {cpu_idle, Idle},
-     {cpu_use, 100 - Idle}] ++ emqx_vm:mem_info().
+    [
+        {run_queue, RunQueue},
+        %% XXX: Plan removed at v5.0
+        {process_total_messages, 0},
+        {cpu_idle, Idle},
+        {cpu_use, 100 - Idle}
+    ] ++ emqx_vm:mem_info().
 
 emqx_cluster() ->
-    [ emqx_cluster_nodes_running
-    , emqx_cluster_nodes_stopped
+    [
+        emqx_cluster_nodes_running,
+        emqx_cluster_nodes_stopped
     ].
 
 emqx_cluster_data() ->
     #{running_nodes := Running, stopped_nodes := Stopped} = mria_mnesia:cluster_info(),
-    [{nodes_running, length(Running)},
-     {nodes_stopped, length(Stopped)}].
+    [
+        {nodes_running, length(Running)},
+        {nodes_stopped, length(Stopped)}
+    ].
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_api.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_api.erl
index 72611d5cd..01764e1b5 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_api.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_api.erl
@@ -22,14 +22,16 @@
 
 -import(hoconsc, [ref/2]).
 
--export([ api_spec/0
-        , paths/0
-        , schema/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    api_spec/0,
+    paths/0,
+    schema/1
+]).
 
--export([ prometheus/2
-        , stats/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    prometheus/2,
+    stats/2
+]).
 
 -define(SCHEMA_MODULE, emqx_prometheus_schema).
 
@@ -37,32 +39,38 @@ api_spec() ->
     emqx_dashboard_swagger:spec(?MODULE, #{check_schema => true}).
 
 paths() ->
-    [ "/prometheus"
-    , "/prometheus/stats"
+    [
+        "/prometheus",
+        "/prometheus/stats"
     ].
 
 schema("/prometheus") ->
-    #{ 'operationId' => prometheus
-     , get =>
-           #{ description => <<"Get Prometheus config info">>
-            , responses =>
-                  #{200 => prometheus_config_schema()}
+    #{
+        'operationId' => prometheus,
+        get =>
+            #{
+                description => <<"Get Prometheus config info">>,
+                responses =>
+                    #{200 => prometheus_config_schema()}
+            },
+        put =>
+            #{
+                description => <<"Update Prometheus config">>,
+                'requestBody' => prometheus_config_schema(),
+                responses =>
+                    #{200 => prometheus_config_schema()}
             }
-     , put =>
-           #{ description => <<"Update Prometheus config">>
-            , 'requestBody' => prometheus_config_schema()
-            , responses =>
-                  #{200 => prometheus_config_schema()}
-            }
-     };
+    };
 schema("/prometheus/stats") ->
-    #{ 'operationId' => stats
-     , get =>
-           #{ description => <<"Get Prometheus Data">>
-            , responses =>
-                  #{200 => prometheus_data_schema()}
+    #{
+        'operationId' => stats,
+        get =>
+            #{
+                description => <<"Get Prometheus Data">>,
+                responses =>
+                    #{200 => prometheus_data_schema()}
             }
-     }.
+    }.
 
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% API Handler funcs
@@ -70,7 +78,6 @@ schema("/prometheus/stats") ->
 
 prometheus(get, _Params) ->
     {200, emqx:get_raw_config([<<"prometheus">>], #{})};
-
 prometheus(put, #{body := Body}) ->
     case emqx_prometheus:update(Body) of
         {ok, NewConfig} ->
@@ -100,21 +107,25 @@ stats(get, #{headers := Headers}) ->
 
 prometheus_config_schema() ->
     emqx_dashboard_swagger:schema_with_example(
-      ref(?SCHEMA_MODULE, "prometheus"),
-      prometheus_config_example()).
+        ref(?SCHEMA_MODULE, "prometheus"),
+        prometheus_config_example()
+    ).
 
 prometheus_config_example() ->
-    #{ enable => true
-     , interval => "15s"
-     , push_gateway_server => <<"http://127.0.0.1:9091">>
-     }.
+    #{
+        enable => true,
+        interval => "15s",
+        push_gateway_server => <<"http://127.0.0.1:9091">>
+    }.
 
 prometheus_data_schema() ->
-    #{ description => <<"Get Prometheus Data">>
-     , content =>
-           #{ 'application/json' =>
-                  #{schema => #{type => object}}
-            , 'text/plain' =>
-                  #{schema => #{type => string}}
+    #{
+        description => <<"Get Prometheus Data">>,
+        content =>
+            #{
+                'application/json' =>
+                    #{schema => #{type => object}},
+                'text/plain' =>
+                    #{schema => #{type => string}}
             }
-     }.
+    }.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_app.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_app.erl
index 5b34ba1df..b9dd9c466 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_app.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_app.erl
@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@
 -include("emqx_prometheus.hrl").
 
 %% Application callbacks
--export([ start/2
-        , stop/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start/2,
+    stop/1
+]).
 
 start(_StartType, _StartArgs) ->
     {ok, Sup} = emqx_prometheus_sup:start_link(),
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_mria.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_mria.erl
index a79611439..c81e0885e 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_mria.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_mria.erl
@@ -15,9 +15,10 @@
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 -module(emqx_prometheus_mria).
 
--export([deregister_cleanup/1,
-         collect_mf/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    deregister_cleanup/1,
+    collect_mf/2
+]).
 
 -include_lib("prometheus/include/prometheus.hrl").
 
@@ -43,39 +44,45 @@ deregister_cleanup(_) -> ok.
     _Registry :: prometheus_registry:registry(),
     Callback :: prometheus_collector:callback().
 collect_mf(_Registry, Callback) ->
-  case mria_rlog:backend() of
-      rlog ->
-          Metrics = metrics(),
-          _ = [add_metric_family(Metric, Callback) || Metric <- Metrics],
-          ok;
-      mnesia ->
-          ok
-  end.
+    case mria_rlog:backend() of
+        rlog ->
+            Metrics = metrics(),
+            _ = [add_metric_family(Metric, Callback) || Metric <- Metrics],
+            ok;
+        mnesia ->
+            ok
+    end.
 
 add_metric_family({Name, Metrics}, Callback) ->
-    Callback(prometheus_model_helpers:create_mf( ?METRIC_NAME(Name)
-                                               , <<"">>
-                                               , gauge
-                                               , catch_all(Metrics)
-                                               )).
+    Callback(
+        prometheus_model_helpers:create_mf(
+            ?METRIC_NAME(Name),
+            <<"">>,
+            gauge,
+            catch_all(Metrics)
+        )
+    ).
 
 %%====================================================================
 %% Internal functions
 %%====================================================================
 
 metrics() ->
-    Metrics = case mria_rlog:role() of
-                  replicant ->
-                      [lag, bootstrap_time, bootstrap_num_keys, message_queue_len, replayq_len];
-                  core ->
-                      [last_intercepted_trans, weight, replicants, server_mql]
-              end,
+    Metrics =
+        case mria_rlog:role() of
+            replicant ->
+                [lag, bootstrap_time, bootstrap_num_keys, message_queue_len, replayq_len];
+            core ->
+                [last_intercepted_trans, weight, replicants, server_mql]
+        end,
     [{MetricId, fun() -> get_shard_metric(MetricId) end} || MetricId <- Metrics].
 
 get_shard_metric(Metric) ->
     %% TODO: only report shards that are up
-    [{[{shard, Shard}], get_shard_metric(Metric, Shard)} ||
-        Shard <- mria_schema:shards(), Shard =/= undefined].
+    [
+        {[{shard, Shard}], get_shard_metric(Metric, Shard)}
+     || Shard <- mria_schema:shards(), Shard =/= undefined
+    ].
 
 get_shard_metric(replicants, Shard) ->
     length(mria_status:agents(Shard));
@@ -88,6 +95,8 @@ get_shard_metric(Metric, Shard) ->
     end.
 
 catch_all(DataFun) ->
-    try DataFun()
-    catch _:_ -> undefined
+    try
+        DataFun()
+    catch
+        _:_ -> undefined
     end.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_schema.erl
index 98f9a519b..300450260 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_schema.erl
@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@
 
 -behaviour(hocon_schema).
 
--export([ namespace/0
-        , roots/0
-        , fields/1
-        , desc/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    namespace/0,
+    roots/0,
+    fields/1,
+    desc/1
+]).
 
 namespace() -> "prometheus".
 
@@ -32,25 +33,36 @@ roots() -> ["prometheus"].
 
 fields("prometheus") ->
     [
-        {push_gateway_server, sc(string(),
-                               #{ default => "http://127.0.0.1:9091"
-                                , required => true
-                                , desc => ?DESC(push_gateway_server)
-                                })},
-        {interval, sc(emqx_schema:duration_ms(),
-                    #{ default => "15s"
-                     , required => true
-                     , desc => ?DESC(interval)
-                     })},
-        {enable, sc(boolean(),
-                  #{ default => false
-                   , required => true
-                   , desc => ?DESC(enable)
-                   })}
+        {push_gateway_server,
+            sc(
+                string(),
+                #{
+                    default => "http://127.0.0.1:9091",
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC(push_gateway_server)
+                }
+            )},
+        {interval,
+            sc(
+                emqx_schema:duration_ms(),
+                #{
+                    default => "15s",
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC(interval)
+                }
+            )},
+        {enable,
+            sc(
+                boolean(),
+                #{
+                    default => false,
+                    required => true,
+                    desc => ?DESC(enable)
+                }
+            )}
     ].
 
 desc("prometheus") -> ?DESC(prometheus);
-desc(_) ->
-    undefined.
+desc(_) -> undefined.
 
 sc(Type, Meta) -> hoconsc:mk(Type, Meta).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_sup.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_sup.erl
index 3766100d5..65023da14 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_sup.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/emqx_prometheus_sup.erl
@@ -18,21 +18,24 @@
 
 -behaviour(supervisor).
 
--export([ start_link/0
-        , start_child/1
-        , start_child/2
-        , stop_child/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start_link/0,
+    start_child/1,
+    start_child/2,
+    stop_child/1
+]).
 
 -export([init/1]).
 
 %% Helper macro for declaring children of supervisor
--define(CHILD(Mod, Opts), #{id => Mod,
-                            start => {Mod, start_link, [Opts]},
-                            restart => permanent,
-                            shutdown => 5000,
-                            type => worker,
-                            modules => [Mod]}).
+-define(CHILD(Mod, Opts), #{
+    id => Mod,
+    start => {Mod, start_link, [Opts]},
+    restart => permanent,
+    shutdown => 5000,
+    type => worker,
+    modules => [Mod]
+}).
 
 start_link() ->
     supervisor:start_link({local, ?MODULE}, ?MODULE, []).
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ start_child(ChildSpec) when is_map(ChildSpec) ->
 start_child(Mod, Opts) when is_atom(Mod) andalso is_map(Opts) ->
     assert_started(supervisor:start_child(?MODULE, ?CHILD(Mod, Opts))).
 
--spec(stop_child(any()) -> ok | {error, term()}).
+-spec stop_child(any()) -> ok | {error, term()}.
 stop_child(ChildId) ->
     case supervisor:terminate_child(?MODULE, ChildId) of
         ok -> supervisor:delete_child(?MODULE, ChildId);
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/proto/emqx_prometheus_proto_v1.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/proto/emqx_prometheus_proto_v1.erl
index 992c6e22b..c0529cabd 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/proto/emqx_prometheus_proto_v1.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/src/proto/emqx_prometheus_proto_v1.erl
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@
 
 -behaviour(emqx_bpapi).
 
--export([ introduced_in/0
+-export([
+    introduced_in/0,
 
-        , start/1
-        , stop/1
-        ]).
+    start/1,
+    stop/1
+]).
 
 -include_lib("emqx/include/bpapi.hrl").
 
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/test/emqx_prometheus_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/test/emqx_prometheus_SUITE.erl
index f1c4b3800..03e8d6d78 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/test/emqx_prometheus_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/test/emqx_prometheus_SUITE.erl
@@ -22,13 +22,14 @@
 -compile(export_all).
 
 -define(CLUSTER_RPC_SHARD, emqx_cluster_rpc_shard).
--define(CONF_DEFAULT, <<"
-prometheus {
-  push_gateway_server = \"http://127.0.0.1:9091\"
-  interval = \"1s\"
-  enable = true
-}
-">>).
+-define(CONF_DEFAULT,
+    <<"\n"
+    "prometheus {\n"
+    "  push_gateway_server = \"http://127.0.0.1:9091\"\n"
+    "  interval = \"1s\"\n"
+    "  enable = true\n"
+    "}\n">>
+).
 
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Setups
diff --git a/apps/emqx_prometheus/test/emqx_prometheus_api_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_prometheus/test/emqx_prometheus_api_SUITE.erl
index 69836f033..e72d7865a 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_prometheus/test/emqx_prometheus_api_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_prometheus/test/emqx_prometheus_api_SUITE.erl
@@ -67,9 +67,14 @@ t_prometheus_api(_) ->
     {ok, Response} = emqx_mgmt_api_test_util:request_api(get, Path, "", Auth),
 
     Conf = emqx_json:decode(Response, [return_maps]),
-    ?assertMatch(#{<<"push_gateway_server">> := _,
-                   <<"interval">> := _,
-                   <<"enable">> := _}, Conf),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"push_gateway_server">> := _,
+            <<"interval">> := _,
+            <<"enable">> := _
+        },
+        Conf
+    ),
 
     NewConf = Conf#{<<"interval">> := <<"2s">>},
     {ok, Response2} = emqx_mgmt_api_test_util:request_api(put, Path, "", Auth, NewConf),
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/include/emqx_resource.hrl b/apps/emqx_resource/include/emqx_resource.hrl
index fdddcdc87..f10f4b440 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/include/emqx_resource.hrl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/include/emqx_resource.hrl
@@ -30,12 +30,13 @@
 }.
 -type resource_group() :: binary().
 -type create_opts() :: #{
-        health_check_interval => integer(),
-        health_check_timeout => integer(),
-        waiting_connect_complete  => integer()
-    }.
--type after_query() :: {[OnSuccess :: after_query_fun()], [OnFailed :: after_query_fun()]} |
-    undefined.
+    health_check_interval => integer(),
+    health_check_timeout => integer(),
+    waiting_connect_complete => integer()
+}.
+-type after_query() ::
+    {[OnSuccess :: after_query_fun()], [OnFailed :: after_query_fun()]}
+    | undefined.
 
 %% the `after_query_fun()` is mainly for callbacks that increment counters or do some fallback
 %% actions upon query failure
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/include/emqx_resource_utils.hrl b/apps/emqx_resource/include/emqx_resource_utils.hrl
index 8d13036ce..8d94746eb 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/include/emqx_resource_utils.hrl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/include/emqx_resource_utils.hrl
@@ -15,13 +15,17 @@
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 -define(SAFE_CALL(_EXP_),
-        ?SAFE_CALL(_EXP_, ok)).
+    ?SAFE_CALL(_EXP_, ok)
+).
 
 -define(SAFE_CALL(_EXP_, _EXP_ON_FAIL_),
-        fun() ->
-            try (_EXP_)
-            catch _EXCLASS_:_EXCPTION_:_ST_ ->
+    fun() ->
+        try
+            (_EXP_)
+        catch
+            _EXCLASS_:_EXCPTION_:_ST_ ->
                 _EXP_ON_FAIL_,
                 {error, {_EXCLASS_, _EXCPTION_, _ST_}}
-            end
-        end()).
+        end
+    end()
+).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/rebar.config b/apps/emqx_resource/rebar.config
index d5d608a71..e6857829f 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/rebar.config
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/rebar.config
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
 
-{erl_opts, [ debug_info
-           , nowarn_unused_import
-           %, {d, 'RESOURCE_DEBUG'}
-           ]}.
+{erl_opts, [
+    debug_info,
+    nowarn_unused_import
+    %, {d, 'RESOURCE_DEBUG'}
+]}.
 
 {erl_first_files, ["src/emqx_resource_transform.erl"]}.
 
@@ -11,9 +12,11 @@
 
 %% try to override the dialyzer 'race_conditions' defined in the top-level dir,
 %% but it doesn't work
-{dialyzer, [{warnings, [unmatched_returns, error_handling]}
-           ]}.
+{dialyzer, [{warnings, [unmatched_returns, error_handling]}]}.
 
-{deps, [ {jsx, {git, "https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx", {tag, "v3.1.0"}}}
-       , {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}}
-       ]}.
+{deps, [
+    {jsx, {git, "https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx", {tag, "v3.1.0"}}},
+    {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}}
+]}.
+
+{project_plugins, [erlfmt]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource.app.src b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource.app.src
index 9591c5718..56391713f 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource.app.src
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource.app.src
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
-{application, emqx_resource,
- [{description, "An OTP application"},
-  {vsn, "0.1.0"},
-  {registered, []},
-  {mod, {emqx_resource_app, []}},
-  {applications,
-   [kernel,
-    stdlib,
-    gproc,
-    jsx,
-    emqx
-   ]},
-  {env,[]},
-  {modules, []},
+{application, emqx_resource, [
+    {description, "An OTP application"},
+    {vsn, "0.1.0"},
+    {registered, []},
+    {mod, {emqx_resource_app, []}},
+    {applications, [
+        kernel,
+        stdlib,
+        gproc,
+        jsx,
+        emqx
+    ]},
+    {env, []},
+    {modules, []},
 
-  {licenses, ["Apache 2.0"]},
-  {links, []}
- ]}.
+    {licenses, ["Apache 2.0"]},
+    {links, []}
+]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource.erl b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource.erl
index f6bdf55d4..48615a6e3 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource.erl
@@ -25,66 +25,93 @@
 
 %% APIs for behaviour implementations
 
--export([ query_success/1
-        , query_failed/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    query_success/1,
+    query_failed/1
+]).
 
 %% APIs for instances
 
--export([ check_config/2
-        , check_and_create/4
-        , check_and_create/5
-        , check_and_create_local/4
-        , check_and_create_local/5
-        , check_and_recreate/4
-        , check_and_recreate_local/4
-        ]).
+-export([
+    check_config/2,
+    check_and_create/4,
+    check_and_create/5,
+    check_and_create_local/4,
+    check_and_create_local/5,
+    check_and_recreate/4,
+    check_and_recreate_local/4
+]).
 
 %% Sync resource instances and files
 %% provisional solution: rpc:multicall to all the nodes for creating/updating/removing
 %% todo: replicate operations
--export([ create/4 %% store the config and start the instance
-        , create/5
-        , create_local/4
-        , create_local/5
-        , create_dry_run/2 %% run start/2, health_check/2 and stop/1 sequentially
-        , create_dry_run_local/2
-        , recreate/4 %% this will do create_dry_run, stop the old instance and start a new one
-        , recreate_local/4
-        , remove/1 %% remove the config and stop the instance
-        , remove_local/1
-        , reset_metrics/1
-        , reset_metrics_local/1
-        ]).
+
+%% store the config and start the instance
+-export([
+    create/4,
+    create/5,
+    create_local/4,
+    create_local/5,
+    %% run start/2, health_check/2 and stop/1 sequentially
+    create_dry_run/2,
+    create_dry_run_local/2,
+    %% this will do create_dry_run, stop the old instance and start a new one
+    recreate/4,
+    recreate_local/4,
+    %% remove the config and stop the instance
+    remove/1,
+    remove_local/1,
+    reset_metrics/1,
+    reset_metrics_local/1
+]).
 
 %% Calls to the callback module with current resource state
 %% They also save the state after the call finished (except query/2,3).
--export([ restart/1  %% restart the instance.
-        , restart/2
-        , health_check/1 %% verify if the resource is working normally
-        , set_resource_status_connecting/1 %% set resource status to disconnected
-        , stop/1   %% stop the instance
-        , query/2  %% query the instance
-        , query/3  %% query the instance with after_query()
-        ]).
+
+%% restart the instance.
+-export([
+    restart/1,
+    restart/2,
+    %% verify if the resource is working normally
+    health_check/1,
+    %% set resource status to disconnected
+    set_resource_status_connecting/1,
+    %% stop the instance
+    stop/1,
+    %% query the instance
+    query/2,
+    %% query the instance with after_query()
+    query/3
+]).
 
 %% Direct calls to the callback module
--export([ call_start/3  %% start the instance
-        , call_health_check/3 %% verify if the resource is working normally
-        , call_stop/3   %% stop the instance
-        ]).
 
--export([ list_instances/0 %% list all the instances, id only.
-        , list_instances_verbose/0 %% list all the instances
-        , get_instance/1 %% return the data of the instance
-        , list_instances_by_type/1 %% return all the instances of the same resource type
-        , generate_id/1
-        , list_group_instances/1
-        ]).
+%% start the instance
+-export([
+    call_start/3,
+    %% verify if the resource is working normally
+    call_health_check/3,
+    %% stop the instance
+    call_stop/3
+]).
 
--optional_callbacks([ on_query/4
-                    , on_health_check/2
-                    ]).
+%% list all the instances, id only.
+-export([
+    list_instances/0,
+    %% list all the instances
+    list_instances_verbose/0,
+    %% return the data of the instance
+    get_instance/1,
+    %% return all the instances of the same resource type
+    list_instances_by_type/1,
+    generate_id/1,
+    list_group_instances/1
+]).
+
+-optional_callbacks([
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 %% when calling emqx_resource:start/1
 -callback on_start(instance_id(), resource_config()) ->
@@ -98,7 +125,7 @@
 
 %% when calling emqx_resource:health_check/2
 -callback on_health_check(instance_id(), resource_state()) ->
-    {ok, resource_state()} | {error, Reason:: term(), resource_state()}.
+    {ok, resource_state()} | {error, Reason :: term(), resource_state()}.
 
 -spec list_types() -> [module()].
 list_types() ->
@@ -111,24 +138,26 @@ discover_resource_mods() ->
 -spec is_resource_mod(module()) -> boolean().
 is_resource_mod(Module) ->
     Info = Module:module_info(attributes),
-    Behaviour = proplists:get_value(behavior, Info, []) ++
-                    proplists:get_value(behaviour, Info, []),
+    Behaviour =
+        proplists:get_value(behavior, Info, []) ++
+            proplists:get_value(behaviour, Info, []),
     lists:member(?MODULE, Behaviour).
 
 -spec query_success(after_query()) -> ok.
 query_success(undefined) -> ok;
-query_success({OnSucc, _}) ->
-    apply_query_after_calls(OnSucc).
+query_success({OnSucc, _}) -> apply_query_after_calls(OnSucc).
 
 -spec query_failed(after_query()) -> ok.
 query_failed(undefined) -> ok;
-query_failed({_, OnFailed}) ->
-    apply_query_after_calls(OnFailed).
+query_failed({_, OnFailed}) -> apply_query_after_calls(OnFailed).
 
 apply_query_after_calls(Funcs) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun({Fun, Args}) ->
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun({Fun, Args}) ->
             safe_apply(Fun, Args)
-        end, Funcs).
+        end,
+        Funcs
+    ).
 
 %% =================================================================================
 %% APIs for resource instances
@@ -149,11 +178,13 @@ create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts) ->
 create_local(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config) ->
     create_local(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, #{}).
 
--spec create_local(instance_id(),
-                   resource_group(),
-                   resource_type(),
-                   resource_config(),
-                   create_opts()) ->
+-spec create_local(
+    instance_id(),
+    resource_group(),
+    resource_type(),
+    resource_config(),
+    create_opts()
+) ->
     {ok, resource_data() | 'already_created'} | {error, Reason :: term()}.
 create_local(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts) ->
     call_instance(InstId, {create, InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts}).
@@ -206,19 +237,25 @@ query(InstId, Request) ->
 query(InstId, Request, AfterQuery) ->
     case get_instance(InstId) of
         {ok, _Group, #{status := connecting}} ->
-            query_error(connecting, <<"cannot serve query when the resource "
-                "instance is still connecting">>);
+            query_error(connecting, <<
+                "cannot serve query when the resource "
+                "instance is still connecting"
+            >>);
         {ok, _Group, #{status := disconnected}} ->
-            query_error(disconnected, <<"cannot serve query when the resource "
-                "instance is disconnected">>);
+            query_error(disconnected, <<
+                "cannot serve query when the resource "
+                "instance is disconnected"
+            >>);
         {ok, _Group, #{mod := Mod, state := ResourceState, status := connected}} ->
             %% the resource state is readonly to Module:on_query/4
             %% and the `after_query()` functions should be thread safe
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(resource_metrics, InstId, matched),
-            try Mod:on_query(InstId, Request, AfterQuery, ResourceState)
-            catch Err:Reason:ST ->
-                emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(resource_metrics, InstId, exception),
-                erlang:raise(Err, Reason, ST)
+            try
+                Mod:on_query(InstId, Request, AfterQuery, ResourceState)
+            catch
+                Err:Reason:ST ->
+                    emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(resource_metrics, InstId, exception),
+                    erlang:raise(Err, Reason, ST)
             end;
         {error, not_found} ->
             query_error(not_found, <<"the resource id not exists">>)
@@ -258,9 +295,10 @@ list_instances_verbose() ->
 
 -spec list_instances_by_type(module()) -> [instance_id()].
 list_instances_by_type(ResourceType) ->
-    filter_instances(fun(_, RT) when RT =:= ResourceType -> true;
-                        (_, _) -> false
-                     end).
+    filter_instances(fun
+        (_, RT) when RT =:= ResourceType -> true;
+        (_, _) -> false
+    end).
 
 -spec generate_id(term()) -> instance_id().
 generate_id(Name) when is_binary(Name) ->
@@ -276,7 +314,9 @@ call_start(InstId, Mod, Config) ->
     ?SAFE_CALL(Mod:on_start(InstId, Config)).
 
 -spec call_health_check(instance_id(), module(), resource_state()) ->
-    {ok, resource_state()} | {error, Reason:: term()}  | {error, Reason:: term(), resource_state()}.
+    {ok, resource_state()}
+    | {error, Reason :: term()}
+    | {error, Reason :: term(), resource_state()}.
 call_health_check(InstId, Mod, ResourceState) ->
     ?SAFE_CALL(Mod:on_health_check(InstId, ResourceState)).
 
@@ -289,58 +329,82 @@ call_stop(InstId, Mod, ResourceState) ->
 check_config(ResourceType, Conf) ->
     emqx_hocon:check(ResourceType, Conf).
 
--spec check_and_create(instance_id(),
-                       resource_group(),
-                       resource_type(),
-                       raw_resource_config()) ->
+-spec check_and_create(
+    instance_id(),
+    resource_group(),
+    resource_type(),
+    raw_resource_config()
+) ->
     {ok, resource_data() | 'already_created'} | {error, term()}.
 check_and_create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, RawConfig) ->
     check_and_create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, RawConfig, #{}).
 
--spec check_and_create(instance_id(),
-                       resource_group(),
-                       resource_type(),
-                       raw_resource_config(),
-                       create_opts()) ->
+-spec check_and_create(
+    instance_id(),
+    resource_group(),
+    resource_type(),
+    raw_resource_config(),
+    create_opts()
+) ->
     {ok, resource_data() | 'already_created'} | {error, term()}.
 check_and_create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, RawConfig, Opts) ->
-    check_and_do(ResourceType, RawConfig,
-        fun(InstConf) -> create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, InstConf, Opts) end).
+    check_and_do(
+        ResourceType,
+        RawConfig,
+        fun(InstConf) -> create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, InstConf, Opts) end
+    ).
 
--spec check_and_create_local(instance_id(),
-                             resource_group(),
-                             resource_type(),
-                             raw_resource_config()) ->
+-spec check_and_create_local(
+    instance_id(),
+    resource_group(),
+    resource_type(),
+    raw_resource_config()
+) ->
     {ok, resource_data()} | {error, term()}.
 check_and_create_local(InstId, Group, ResourceType, RawConfig) ->
     check_and_create_local(InstId, Group, ResourceType, RawConfig, #{}).
 
--spec check_and_create_local(instance_id(),
-                             resource_group(),
-                             resource_type(),
-                             raw_resource_config(),
-    create_opts()) -> {ok, resource_data()} | {error, term()}.
+-spec check_and_create_local(
+    instance_id(),
+    resource_group(),
+    resource_type(),
+    raw_resource_config(),
+    create_opts()
+) -> {ok, resource_data()} | {error, term()}.
 check_and_create_local(InstId, Group, ResourceType, RawConfig, Opts) ->
-    check_and_do(ResourceType, RawConfig,
-        fun(InstConf) -> create_local(InstId, Group, ResourceType, InstConf, Opts) end).
+    check_and_do(
+        ResourceType,
+        RawConfig,
+        fun(InstConf) -> create_local(InstId, Group, ResourceType, InstConf, Opts) end
+    ).
 
--spec check_and_recreate(instance_id(),
-                         resource_type(),
-                         raw_resource_config(),
-                         create_opts()) ->
+-spec check_and_recreate(
+    instance_id(),
+    resource_type(),
+    raw_resource_config(),
+    create_opts()
+) ->
     {ok, resource_data()} | {error, term()}.
 check_and_recreate(InstId, ResourceType, RawConfig, Opts) ->
-    check_and_do(ResourceType, RawConfig,
-        fun(InstConf) -> recreate(InstId, ResourceType, InstConf, Opts) end).
+    check_and_do(
+        ResourceType,
+        RawConfig,
+        fun(InstConf) -> recreate(InstId, ResourceType, InstConf, Opts) end
+    ).
 
--spec check_and_recreate_local(instance_id(),
-                               resource_type(),
-                               raw_resource_config(),
-                               create_opts()) ->
+-spec check_and_recreate_local(
+    instance_id(),
+    resource_type(),
+    raw_resource_config(),
+    create_opts()
+) ->
     {ok, resource_data()} | {error, term()}.
 check_and_recreate_local(InstId, ResourceType, RawConfig, Opts) ->
-    check_and_do(ResourceType, RawConfig,
-        fun(InstConf) -> recreate_local(InstId, ResourceType, InstConf, Opts) end).
+    check_and_do(
+        ResourceType,
+        RawConfig,
+        fun(InstConf) -> recreate_local(InstId, ResourceType, InstConf, Opts) end
+    ).
 
 check_and_do(ResourceType, RawConfig, Do) when is_function(Do) ->
     case check_config(ResourceType, RawConfig) of
@@ -355,8 +419,7 @@ filter_instances(Filter) ->
 
 inc_metrics_funcs(InstId) ->
     OnFailed = [{fun emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc/3, [resource_metrics, InstId, failed]}],
-    OnSucc = [ {fun emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc/3, [resource_metrics, InstId, success]}
-             ],
+    OnSucc = [{fun emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc/3, [resource_metrics, InstId, success]}],
     {OnSucc, OnFailed}.
 
 call_instance(InstId, Query) ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_health_check.erl b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_health_check.erl
index 0faaebabb..ab74296a5 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_health_check.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_health_check.erl
@@ -15,23 +15,29 @@
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 -module(emqx_resource_health_check).
 
--export([ start_link/3
-        , create_checker/3
-        , delete_checker/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start_link/3,
+    create_checker/3,
+    delete_checker/1
+]).
 
--export([ start_health_check/3
-        , health_check_timeout_checker/4
-        ]).
+-export([
+    start_health_check/3,
+    health_check_timeout_checker/4
+]).
 
 -define(SUP, emqx_resource_health_check_sup).
 -define(ID(NAME), {resource_health_check, NAME}).
 
 child_spec(Name, Sleep, Timeout) ->
-    #{id => ?ID(Name),
-      start => {?MODULE, start_link, [Name, Sleep, Timeout]},
-      restart => transient,
-      shutdown => 5000, type => worker, modules => [?MODULE]}.
+    #{
+        id => ?ID(Name),
+        start => {?MODULE, start_link, [Name, Sleep, Timeout]},
+        restart => transient,
+        shutdown => 5000,
+        type => worker,
+        modules => [?MODULE]
+    }.
 
 start_link(Name, Sleep, Timeout) ->
     Pid = proc_lib:spawn_link(?MODULE, start_health_check, [Name, Sleep, Timeout]),
@@ -42,19 +48,22 @@ create_checker(Name, Sleep, Timeout) ->
 
 create_checker(Name, Sleep, Retry, Timeout) ->
     case supervisor:start_child(?SUP, child_spec(Name, Sleep, Timeout)) of
-        {ok, _} -> ok;
-        {error, already_present} -> ok;
+        {ok, _} ->
+            ok;
+        {error, already_present} ->
+            ok;
         {error, {already_started, _}} when Retry == false ->
             ok = delete_checker(Name),
             create_checker(Name, Sleep, true, Timeout);
-        Error -> Error
+        Error ->
+            Error
     end.
 
 delete_checker(Name) ->
     case supervisor:terminate_child(?SUP, ?ID(Name)) of
         ok -> supervisor:delete_child(?SUP, ?ID(Name));
         Error -> Error
-        end.
+    end.
 
 start_health_check(Name, Sleep, Timeout) ->
     Pid = self(),
@@ -63,13 +72,16 @@ start_health_check(Name, Sleep, Timeout) ->
 
 health_check(Name) ->
     receive
-        {Pid, begin_health_check}  ->
+        {Pid, begin_health_check} ->
             case emqx_resource:health_check(Name) of
                 ok ->
                     emqx_alarm:deactivate(Name);
                 {error, _} ->
-                    emqx_alarm:activate(Name, #{name => Name},
-                        <<Name/binary, " health check failed">>)
+                    emqx_alarm:activate(
+                        Name,
+                        #{name => Name},
+                        <<Name/binary, " health check failed">>
+                    )
             end,
             Pid ! health_check_finish
     end,
@@ -81,8 +93,11 @@ health_check_timeout_checker(Pid, Name, SleepTime, Timeout) ->
     receive
         health_check_finish -> timer:sleep(SleepTime)
     after Timeout ->
-        emqx_alarm:activate(Name, #{name => Name},
-                        <<Name/binary, " health check timeout">>),
+        emqx_alarm:activate(
+            Name,
+            #{name => Name},
+            <<Name/binary, " health check timeout">>
+        ),
         emqx_resource:set_resource_status_connecting(Name),
         receive
             health_check_finish -> timer:sleep(SleepTime)
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_instance.erl b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_instance.erl
index 60b2babe5..97014e413 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_instance.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_instance.erl
@@ -23,25 +23,28 @@
 -export([start_link/2]).
 
 %% load resource instances from *.conf files
--export([ lookup/1
-        , get_metrics/1
-        , reset_metrics/1
-        , list_all/0
-        , list_group/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    lookup/1,
+    get_metrics/1,
+    reset_metrics/1,
+    list_all/0,
+    list_group/1
+]).
 
--export([ hash_call/2
-        , hash_call/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    hash_call/2,
+    hash_call/3
+]).
 
 %% gen_server Callbacks
--export([ init/1
-        , handle_call/3
-        , handle_cast/2
-        , handle_info/2
-        , terminate/2
-        , code_change/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    init/1,
+    handle_call/3,
+    handle_cast/2,
+    handle_info/2,
+    terminate/2,
+    code_change/3
+]).
 
 -record(state, {worker_pool, worker_id}).
 
@@ -52,8 +55,12 @@
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 start_link(Pool, Id) ->
-    gen_server:start_link({local, proc_name(?MODULE, Id)},
-                          ?MODULE, {Pool, Id}, []).
+    gen_server:start_link(
+        {local, proc_name(?MODULE, Id)},
+        ?MODULE,
+        {Pool, Id},
+        []
+    ).
 
 %% call the worker by the hash of resource-instance-id, to make sure we always handle
 %% operations on the same instance in the same worker.
@@ -67,8 +74,7 @@ hash_call(InstId, Request, Timeout) ->
 lookup(InstId) ->
     case ets:lookup(emqx_resource_instance, InstId) of
         [] -> {error, not_found};
-        [{_, Group, Data}] ->
-            {ok, Group, Data#{id => InstId, metrics => get_metrics(InstId)}}
+        [{_, Group, Data}] -> {ok, Group, Data#{id => InstId, metrics => get_metrics(InstId)}}
     end.
 
 make_test_id() ->
@@ -103,39 +109,32 @@ list_group(Group) ->
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 -spec init({atom(), integer()}) ->
-    {ok, State :: state()} | {ok, State :: state(), timeout() | hibernate | {continue, term()}} |
-    {stop, Reason :: term()} | ignore.
+    {ok, State :: state()}
+    | {ok, State :: state(), timeout() | hibernate | {continue, term()}}
+    | {stop, Reason :: term()}
+    | ignore.
 init({Pool, Id}) ->
     true = gproc_pool:connect_worker(Pool, {Pool, Id}),
     {ok, #state{worker_pool = Pool, worker_id = Id}}.
 
 handle_call({create, InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts), State};
-
 handle_call({create_dry_run, ResourceType, Config}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_create_dry_run(ResourceType, Config), State};
-
 handle_call({recreate, InstId, ResourceType, Config, Opts}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_recreate(InstId, ResourceType, Config, Opts), State};
-
 handle_call({reset_metrics, InstId}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_reset_metrics(InstId), State};
-
 handle_call({remove, InstId}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_remove(InstId), State};
-
 handle_call({restart, InstId, Opts}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_restart(InstId, Opts), State};
-
 handle_call({stop, InstId}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_stop(InstId), State};
-
 handle_call({health_check, InstId}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_health_check(InstId), State};
-
 handle_call({set_resource_status_connecting, InstId}, _From, State) ->
     {reply, do_set_resource_status_connecting(InstId), State};
-
 handle_call(Req, _From, State) ->
     logger:error("Received unexpected call: ~p", [Req]),
     {reply, ignored, State}.
@@ -155,14 +154,17 @@ code_change(_OldVsn, State, _Extra) ->
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 %% suppress the race condition check, as these functions are protected in gproc workers
--dialyzer({nowarn_function, [ do_recreate/4
-                            , do_create/5
-                            , do_restart/2
-                            , do_start/5
-                            , do_stop/1
-                            , do_health_check/1
-                            , start_and_check/6
-                            ]}).
+-dialyzer(
+    {nowarn_function, [
+        do_recreate/4,
+        do_create/5,
+        do_restart/2,
+        do_start/5,
+        do_stop/1,
+        do_health_check/1,
+        start_and_check/6
+    ]}
+).
 
 do_recreate(InstId, ResourceType, NewConfig, Opts) ->
     case lookup(InstId) of
@@ -185,10 +187,11 @@ do_wait_for_resource_ready(_InstId, 0) ->
     timeout;
 do_wait_for_resource_ready(InstId, Retry) ->
     case force_lookup(InstId) of
-        #{status := connected} -> ok;
+        #{status := connected} ->
+            ok;
         _ ->
             timer:sleep(100),
-            do_wait_for_resource_ready(InstId, Retry-1)
+            do_wait_for_resource_ready(InstId, Retry - 1)
     end.
 
 do_create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts) ->
@@ -197,8 +200,12 @@ do_create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts) ->
             {ok, already_created};
         {error, not_found} ->
             ok = do_start(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts),
-            ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:create_metrics(resource_metrics, InstId,
-                    [matched, success, failed, exception], [matched]),
+            ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:create_metrics(
+                resource_metrics,
+                InstId,
+                [matched, success, failed, exception],
+                [matched]
+            ),
             {ok, force_lookup(InstId)}
     end.
 
@@ -212,7 +219,8 @@ do_create_dry_run(ResourceType, Config) ->
                         {error, _} = Error -> Error;
                         _ -> ok
                     end;
-                {error, Reason, _} -> {error, Reason}
+                {error, Reason, _} ->
+                    {error, Reason}
             end;
         {error, Reason} ->
             {error, Reason}
@@ -246,13 +254,18 @@ do_restart(InstId, Opts) ->
     end.
 
 do_start(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts) when is_binary(InstId) ->
-    InitData = #{id => InstId, mod => ResourceType, config => Config,
-                 status => connecting, state => undefined},
+    InitData = #{
+        id => InstId,
+        mod => ResourceType,
+        config => Config,
+        status => connecting,
+        state => undefined
+    },
     %% The `emqx_resource:call_start/3` need the instance exist beforehand
     ets:insert(emqx_resource_instance, {InstId, Group, InitData}),
     spawn(fun() ->
-            start_and_check(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts, InitData)
-        end),
+        start_and_check(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts, InitData)
+    end),
     _ = wait_for_resource_ready(InstId, maps:get(wait_for_resource_ready, Opts, 5000)),
     ok.
 
@@ -268,9 +281,11 @@ start_and_check(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts, Data) ->
     end.
 
 create_default_checker(InstId, Opts) ->
-    emqx_resource_health_check:create_checker(InstId,
+    emqx_resource_health_check:create_checker(
+        InstId,
         maps:get(health_check_interval, Opts, 15000),
-        maps:get(health_check_timeout, Opts, 10000)).
+        maps:get(health_check_timeout, Opts, 10000)
+    ).
 
 do_stop(InstId) when is_binary(InstId) ->
     do_with_group_and_instance_data(InstId, fun do_stop/2, []).
@@ -291,18 +306,24 @@ do_health_check(_Group, #{state := undefined}) ->
 do_health_check(Group, #{id := InstId, mod := Mod, state := ResourceState0} = Data) ->
     case emqx_resource:call_health_check(InstId, Mod, ResourceState0) of
         {ok, ResourceState1} ->
-            ets:insert(emqx_resource_instance,
-                {InstId, Group, Data#{status => connected, state => ResourceState1}}),
+            ets:insert(
+                emqx_resource_instance,
+                {InstId, Group, Data#{status => connected, state => ResourceState1}}
+            ),
             ok;
         {error, Reason} ->
             logger:error("health check for ~p failed: ~p", [InstId, Reason]),
-            ets:insert(emqx_resource_instance,
-                {InstId, Group, Data#{status => connecting}}),
+            ets:insert(
+                emqx_resource_instance,
+                {InstId, Group, Data#{status => connecting}}
+            ),
             {error, Reason};
         {error, Reason, ResourceState1} ->
             logger:error("health check for ~p failed: ~p", [InstId, Reason]),
-            ets:insert(emqx_resource_instance,
-                {InstId, Group, Data#{status => connecting, state => ResourceState1}}),
+            ets:insert(
+                emqx_resource_instance,
+                {InstId, Group, Data#{status => connecting, state => ResourceState1}}
+            ),
             {error, Reason}
     end.
 
@@ -311,7 +332,8 @@ do_set_resource_status_connecting(InstId) ->
         {ok, Group, #{id := InstId} = Data} ->
             logger:error("health check for ~p failed: timeout", [InstId]),
             ets:insert(emqx_resource_instance, {InstId, Group, Data#{status => connecting}});
-        Error -> {error, Error}
+        Error ->
+            {error, Error}
     end.
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_sup.erl b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_sup.erl
index a439c76bd..770ca1fed 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_sup.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_sup.erl
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
 -export([init/1]).
 
 -define(RESOURCE_INST_MOD, emqx_resource_instance).
--define(POOL_SIZE, 64). %% set a very large pool size in case all the workers busy
+%% set a very large pool size in case all the workers busy
+-define(POOL_SIZE, 64).
 
 start_link() ->
     supervisor:start_link({local, ?MODULE}, ?MODULE, []).
@@ -40,27 +41,39 @@ init([]) ->
     ResourceInsts = [
         begin
             ensure_pool_worker(Pool, {Pool, Idx}, Idx),
-            #{id => {Mod, Idx},
-              start => {Mod, start_link, [Pool, Idx]},
-              restart => transient,
-              shutdown => 5000, type => worker, modules => [Mod]}
-        end || Idx <- lists:seq(1, ?POOL_SIZE)],
-    HealthCheck = 
-            #{id => emqx_resource_health_check_sup,
-              start => {emqx_resource_health_check_sup, start_link, []},
-              restart => transient,
-              shutdown => infinity, type => supervisor, modules => [emqx_resource_health_check_sup]},
+            #{
+                id => {Mod, Idx},
+                start => {Mod, start_link, [Pool, Idx]},
+                restart => transient,
+                shutdown => 5000,
+                type => worker,
+                modules => [Mod]
+            }
+        end
+     || Idx <- lists:seq(1, ?POOL_SIZE)
+    ],
+    HealthCheck =
+        #{
+            id => emqx_resource_health_check_sup,
+            start => {emqx_resource_health_check_sup, start_link, []},
+            restart => transient,
+            shutdown => infinity,
+            type => supervisor,
+            modules => [emqx_resource_health_check_sup]
+        },
     {ok, {SupFlags, [HealthCheck, Metrics | ResourceInsts]}}.
 
 %% internal functions
 ensure_pool(Pool, Type, Opts) ->
-    try gproc_pool:new(Pool, Type, Opts)
+    try
+        gproc_pool:new(Pool, Type, Opts)
     catch
         error:exists -> ok
     end.
 
 ensure_pool_worker(Pool, Name, Slot) ->
-    try gproc_pool:add_worker(Pool, Name, Slot)
+    try
+        gproc_pool:add_worker(Pool, Name, Slot)
     catch
         error:exists -> ok
     end.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_validator.erl b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_validator.erl
index 4d745d1e3..7623ae7fa 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_validator.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/src/emqx_resource_validator.erl
@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@
 
 -module(emqx_resource_validator).
 
--export([ min/2
-        , max/2
-        , not_empty/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    min/2,
+    max/2,
+    not_empty/1
+]).
 
 max(Type, Max) ->
     limit(Type, '=<', Max).
@@ -28,16 +29,19 @@ min(Type, Min) ->
     limit(Type, '>=', Min).
 
 not_empty(ErrMsg) ->
-    fun(<<>>) -> {error, ErrMsg};
-       (_) -> ok
+    fun
+        (<<>>) -> {error, ErrMsg};
+        (_) -> ok
     end.
 
 limit(Type, Op, Expected) ->
     L = len(Type),
     fun(Value) ->
         Got = L(Value),
-        return(erlang:Op(Got, Expected),
-            err_limit({Type, {Op, Expected}, {got, Got}}))
+        return(
+            erlang:Op(Got, Expected),
+            err_limit({Type, {Op, Expected}, {got, Got}})
+        )
     end.
 
 len(array) -> fun erlang:length/1;
@@ -48,5 +52,4 @@ err_limit({Type, {Op, Expected}, {got, Got}}) ->
     io_lib:format("Expect the ~ts value ~ts ~p but got: ~p", [Type, Op, Expected, Got]).
 
 return(true, _) -> ok;
-return(false, Error) ->
-    {error, Error}.
+return(false, Error) -> {error, Error}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/src/proto/emqx_resource_proto_v1.erl b/apps/emqx_resource/src/proto/emqx_resource_proto_v1.erl
index f39533c82..0aa4fd40b 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/src/proto/emqx_resource_proto_v1.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/src/proto/emqx_resource_proto_v1.erl
@@ -18,52 +18,58 @@
 
 -behaviour(emqx_bpapi).
 
--export([ introduced_in/0
+-export([
+    introduced_in/0,
 
-        , create/5
-        , create_dry_run/2
-        , recreate/4
-        , remove/1
-        , reset_metrics/1
-        ]).
+    create/5,
+    create_dry_run/2,
+    recreate/4,
+    remove/1,
+    reset_metrics/1
+]).
 
 -include_lib("emqx/include/bpapi.hrl").
 
 introduced_in() ->
     "5.0.0".
 
--spec create( emqx_resource:instance_id()
-            , emqx_resource:resource_group()
-            , emqx_resource:resource_type()
-            , emqx_resource:resource_config()
-            , emqx_resource:create_opts()
-            ) ->
-          emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(emqx_resource:resource_data()).
+-spec create(
+    emqx_resource:instance_id(),
+    emqx_resource:resource_group(),
+    emqx_resource:resource_type(),
+    emqx_resource:resource_config(),
+    emqx_resource:create_opts()
+) ->
+    emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(emqx_resource:resource_data()).
 create(InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts) ->
-    emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall(emqx_resource, create_local, [InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts]).
+    emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall(emqx_resource, create_local, [
+        InstId, Group, ResourceType, Config, Opts
+    ]).
 
--spec create_dry_run( emqx_resource:resource_type()
-                    , emqx_resource:resource_config()
-                    ) ->
-          emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(emqx_resource:resource_data()).
+-spec create_dry_run(
+    emqx_resource:resource_type(),
+    emqx_resource:resource_config()
+) ->
+    emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(emqx_resource:resource_data()).
 create_dry_run(ResourceType, Config) ->
     emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall(emqx_resource, create_dry_run_local, [ResourceType, Config]).
 
--spec recreate( emqx_resource:instance_id()
-              , emqx_resource:resource_type()
-              , emqx_resource:resource_config()
-              , emqx_resource:create_opts()
-              ) ->
-          emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(emqx_resource:resource_data()).
+-spec recreate(
+    emqx_resource:instance_id(),
+    emqx_resource:resource_type(),
+    emqx_resource:resource_config(),
+    emqx_resource:create_opts()
+) ->
+    emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(emqx_resource:resource_data()).
 recreate(InstId, ResourceType, Config, Opts) ->
     emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall(emqx_resource, recreate_local, [InstId, ResourceType, Config, Opts]).
 
 -spec remove(emqx_resource:instance_id()) ->
-          emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(ok).
+    emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(ok).
 remove(InstId) ->
     emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall(emqx_resource, remove_local, [InstId]).
 
 -spec reset_metrics(emqx_resource:instance_id()) ->
-          emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(ok).
+    emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(ok).
 reset_metrics(InstId) ->
     emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall(emqx_resource, reset_metrics_local, [InstId]).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/test/emqx_resource_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_resource/test/emqx_resource_SUITE.erl
index 8a952e036..973cf0ab7 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/test/emqx_resource_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/test/emqx_resource_SUITE.erl
@@ -60,22 +60,25 @@ t_check_config(_) ->
 
 t_create_remove(_) ->
     {error, _} = emqx_resource:check_and_create_local(
-                   ?ID,
-                   ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                   ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                   #{unknown => test_resource}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{unknown => test_resource}
+    ),
 
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:create(
-                ?ID,
-                ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => test_resource}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource}
+    ),
 
     emqx_resource:recreate(
-                ?ID,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => test_resource},
-                #{}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource},
+        #{}
+    ),
     #{pid := Pid} = emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state),
 
     ?assert(is_process_alive(Pid)),
@@ -87,22 +90,25 @@ t_create_remove(_) ->
 
 t_create_remove_local(_) ->
     {error, _} = emqx_resource:check_and_create_local(
-                   ?ID,
-                   ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                   ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                   #{unknown => test_resource}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{unknown => test_resource}
+    ),
 
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:create_local(
-                ?ID,
-                ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => test_resource}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource}
+    ),
 
     emqx_resource:recreate_local(
-                ?ID,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => test_resource},
-                #{}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource},
+        #{}
+    ),
     #{pid := Pid} = emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state),
 
     ?assert(is_process_alive(Pid)),
@@ -110,10 +116,11 @@ t_create_remove_local(_) ->
     emqx_resource:set_resource_status_connecting(?ID),
 
     emqx_resource:recreate_local(
-            ?ID,
-            ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-            #{name => test_resource},
-            #{}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource},
+        #{}
+    ),
 
     ok = emqx_resource:remove_local(?ID),
     {error, _} = emqx_resource:remove_local(?ID),
@@ -122,10 +129,11 @@ t_create_remove_local(_) ->
 
 t_query(_) ->
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:create_local(
-                ?ID,
-                ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => test_resource}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource}
+    ),
 
     Pid = self(),
     Success = fun() -> Pid ! success end,
@@ -142,28 +150,32 @@ t_query(_) ->
         ?assert(false)
     end,
 
-    ?assertMatch({error, {emqx_resource, #{reason := not_found}}},
-       emqx_resource:query(<<"unknown">>, get_state)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, {emqx_resource, #{reason := not_found}}},
+        emqx_resource:query(<<"unknown">>, get_state)
+    ),
 
     ok = emqx_resource:remove_local(?ID).
 
 t_healthy_timeout(_) ->
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:create_local(
-                ?ID,
-                ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => <<"test_resource">>},
-                #{health_check_timeout => 200}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => <<"test_resource">>},
+        #{health_check_timeout => 200}
+    ),
     timer:sleep(500),
 
     ok = emqx_resource:remove_local(?ID).
 
 t_healthy(_) ->
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:create_local(
-                ?ID,
-                ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => <<"test_resource">>}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => <<"test_resource">>}
+    ),
     timer:sleep(400),
 
     emqx_resource_health_check:create_checker(?ID, 15000, 10000),
@@ -175,38 +187,44 @@ t_healthy(_) ->
 
     ?assertMatch(
         [#{status := connected}],
-        emqx_resource:list_instances_verbose()),
+        emqx_resource:list_instances_verbose()
+    ),
 
     erlang:exit(Pid, shutdown),
 
     ?assertEqual(
         {error, dead},
-        emqx_resource:health_check(?ID)),
+        emqx_resource:health_check(?ID)
+    ),
 
     ?assertMatch(
         [#{status := connecting}],
-        emqx_resource:list_instances_verbose()),
+        emqx_resource:list_instances_verbose()
+    ),
 
     ok = emqx_resource:remove_local(?ID).
 
 t_stop_start(_) ->
     {error, _} = emqx_resource:check_and_create(
-                   ?ID,
-                   ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                   ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                   #{unknown => test_resource}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{unknown => test_resource}
+    ),
 
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:check_and_create(
-                ?ID,
-                ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{<<"name">> => <<"test_resource">>}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{<<"name">> => <<"test_resource">>}
+    ),
 
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:check_and_recreate(
-                ?ID,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{<<"name">> => <<"test_resource">>},
-                #{}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{<<"name">> => <<"test_resource">>},
+        #{}
+    ),
 
     #{pid := Pid0} = emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state),
 
@@ -216,8 +234,10 @@ t_stop_start(_) ->
 
     ?assertNot(is_process_alive(Pid0)),
 
-    ?assertMatch({error, {emqx_resource, #{reason := disconnected}}},
-        emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, {emqx_resource, #{reason := disconnected}}},
+        emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state)
+    ),
 
     ok = emqx_resource:restart(?ID),
 
@@ -229,22 +249,25 @@ t_stop_start(_) ->
 
 t_stop_start_local(_) ->
     {error, _} = emqx_resource:check_and_create_local(
-                   ?ID,
-                   ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                   ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                   #{unknown => test_resource}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{unknown => test_resource}
+    ),
 
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:check_and_create_local(
-                ?ID,
-                ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{<<"name">> => <<"test_resource">>}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{<<"name">> => <<"test_resource">>}
+    ),
 
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:check_and_recreate_local(
-                ?ID,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{<<"name">> => <<"test_resource">>},
-                #{}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{<<"name">> => <<"test_resource">>},
+        #{}
+    ),
 
     #{pid := Pid0} = emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state),
 
@@ -254,8 +277,10 @@ t_stop_start_local(_) ->
 
     ?assertNot(is_process_alive(Pid0)),
 
-    ?assertMatch({error, {emqx_resource, #{reason := disconnected}}},
-        emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, {emqx_resource, #{reason := disconnected}}},
+        emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state)
+    ),
 
     ok = emqx_resource:restart(?ID),
 
@@ -265,60 +290,73 @@ t_stop_start_local(_) ->
 
 t_list_filter(_) ->
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:create_local(
-                emqx_resource:generate_id(<<"a">>),
-                <<"group1">>,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => a}),
+        emqx_resource:generate_id(<<"a">>),
+        <<"group1">>,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => a}
+    ),
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:create_local(
-                emqx_resource:generate_id(<<"a">>),
-                <<"group2">>,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => grouped_a}),
+        emqx_resource:generate_id(<<"a">>),
+        <<"group2">>,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => grouped_a}
+    ),
 
     [Id1] = emqx_resource:list_group_instances(<<"group1">>),
     ?assertMatch(
         {ok, <<"group1">>, #{config := #{name := a}}},
-        emqx_resource:get_instance(Id1)),
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(Id1)
+    ),
 
     [Id2] = emqx_resource:list_group_instances(<<"group2">>),
     ?assertMatch(
         {ok, <<"group2">>, #{config := #{name := grouped_a}}},
-        emqx_resource:get_instance(Id2)).
+        emqx_resource:get_instance(Id2)
+    ).
 
 t_create_dry_run_local(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(
-       ok,
-       emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(
-         ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-         #{name => test_resource, register => true})),
+        ok,
+        emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(
+            ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+            #{name => test_resource, register => true}
+        )
+    ),
 
     ?assertEqual(undefined, whereis(test_resource)).
 
 t_create_dry_run_local_failed(_) ->
-    {Res, _} = emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                       #{cteate_error => true}),
+    {Res, _} = emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{cteate_error => true}
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(error, Res),
 
-    {Res, _} = emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                       #{name => test_resource, health_check_error => true}),
+    {Res, _} = emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource, health_check_error => true}
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(error, Res),
 
-    {Res, _} = emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                       #{name => test_resource, stop_error => true}),
+    {Res, _} = emqx_resource:create_dry_run_local(
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource, stop_error => true}
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(error, Res).
 
 t_test_func(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(ok, erlang:apply(emqx_resource_validator:not_empty("not_empty"), [<<"someval">>])),
     ?assertEqual(ok, erlang:apply(emqx_resource_validator:min(int, 3), [4])),
-    ?assertEqual(ok, erlang:apply(emqx_resource_validator:max(array, 10), [[a,b,c,d]])),
+    ?assertEqual(ok, erlang:apply(emqx_resource_validator:max(array, 10), [[a, b, c, d]])),
     ?assertEqual(ok, erlang:apply(emqx_resource_validator:max(string, 10), ["less10"])).
 
 t_reset_metrics(_) ->
     {ok, _} = emqx_resource:create(
-                ?ID,
-                ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
-                ?TEST_RESOURCE,
-                #{name => test_resource}),
+        ?ID,
+        ?DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP,
+        ?TEST_RESOURCE,
+        #{name => test_resource}
+    ),
 
     #{pid := Pid} = emqx_resource:query(?ID, get_state),
     emqx_resource:reset_metrics(?ID),
diff --git a/apps/emqx_resource/test/emqx_test_resource.erl b/apps/emqx_resource/test/emqx_test_resource.erl
index c0c4b4ff5..783393e74 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_resource/test/emqx_test_resource.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_resource/test/emqx_test_resource.erl
@@ -21,17 +21,21 @@
 -behaviour(emqx_resource).
 
 %% callbacks of behaviour emqx_resource
--export([ on_start/2
-        , on_stop/2
-        , on_query/4
-        , on_health_check/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_start/2,
+    on_stop/2,
+    on_query/4,
+    on_health_check/2
+]).
 
 %% callbacks for emqx_resource config schema
 -export([roots/0]).
 
-roots() -> [{name, fun name/1},
-            {register, fun register/1}].
+roots() ->
+    [
+        {name, fun name/1},
+        {register, fun register/1}
+    ].
 
 name(type) -> atom();
 name(required) -> true;
@@ -46,21 +50,27 @@ on_start(_InstId, #{create_error := true}) ->
     error("some error");
 on_start(InstId, #{name := Name, stop_error := true} = Opts) ->
     Register = maps:get(register, Opts, false),
-    {ok, #{name => Name,
-           id => InstId,
-           stop_error => true,
-           pid => spawn_dummy_process(Name, Register)}};
+    {ok, #{
+        name => Name,
+        id => InstId,
+        stop_error => true,
+        pid => spawn_dummy_process(Name, Register)
+    }};
 on_start(InstId, #{name := Name, health_check_error := true} = Opts) ->
     Register = maps:get(register, Opts, false),
-    {ok, #{name => Name,
-           id => InstId,
-           health_check_error => true,
-           pid => spawn_dummy_process(Name, Register)}};
+    {ok, #{
+        name => Name,
+        id => InstId,
+        health_check_error => true,
+        pid => spawn_dummy_process(Name, Register)
+    }};
 on_start(InstId, #{name := Name} = Opts) ->
     Register = maps:get(register, Opts, false),
-    {ok, #{name => Name,
-           id => InstId,
-           pid => spawn_dummy_process(Name, Register)}}.
+    {ok, #{
+        name => Name,
+        id => InstId,
+        pid => spawn_dummy_process(Name, Register)
+    }}.
 
 on_stop(_InstId, #{stop_error := true}) ->
     {error, stop_error};
@@ -86,13 +96,15 @@ on_health_check(_InstId, State = #{pid := Pid}) ->
 
 spawn_dummy_process(Name, Register) ->
     spawn(
-      fun() ->
-              true = case Register of
-                         true -> register(Name, self());
-                         _ -> true
-                     end,
-              Ref = make_ref(),
-              receive
-                  Ref -> ok
-              end
-      end).
+        fun() ->
+            true =
+                case Register of
+                    true -> register(Name, self());
+                    _ -> true
+                end,
+            Ref = make_ref(),
+            receive
+                Ref -> ok
+            end
+        end
+    ).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/include/rule_engine.hrl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/include/rule_engine.hrl
index a8b8ae1bb..20c339377 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/include/rule_engine.hrl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/include/rule_engine.hrl
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 -type rule_id() :: binary().
 -type rule_name() :: binary().
 
--type mf() :: {Module::atom(), Fun::atom()}.
+-type mf() :: {Module :: atom(), Fun :: atom()}.
 
 -type hook() :: atom() | 'any'.
 -type topic() :: binary().
@@ -36,60 +36,73 @@
 -type bridge_channel_id() :: binary().
 -type output_fun_args() :: map().
 
--type output() :: #{
-    mod := builtin_output_module() | module(),
-    func := builtin_output_func() | atom(),
-    args => output_fun_args()
-} | bridge_channel_id().
+-type output() ::
+    #{
+        mod := builtin_output_module() | module(),
+        func := builtin_output_func() | atom(),
+        args => output_fun_args()
+    }
+    | bridge_channel_id().
 
 -type rule() ::
-       #{ id := rule_id()
-        , name := binary()
-        , sql := binary()
-        , outputs := [output()]
-        , enable := boolean()
-        , description => binary()
-        , created_at := integer() %% epoch in millisecond precision
-        , updated_at := integer() %% epoch in millisecond precision
-        , from := list(topic())
-        , is_foreach := boolean()
-        , fields := list()
-        , doeach := term()
-        , incase := term()
-        , conditions := tuple()
-        }.
+    #{
+        id := rule_id(),
+        name := binary(),
+        sql := binary(),
+        outputs := [output()],
+        enable := boolean(),
+        description => binary(),
+        %% epoch in millisecond precision
+        created_at := integer(),
+        %% epoch in millisecond precision
+        updated_at := integer(),
+        from := list(topic()),
+        is_foreach := boolean(),
+        fields := list(),
+        doeach := term(),
+        incase := term(),
+        conditions := tuple()
+    }.
 
 %% Arithmetic operators
--define(is_arith(Op), (Op =:= '+' orelse
-                       Op =:= '-' orelse
-                       Op =:= '*' orelse
-                       Op =:= '/' orelse
-                       Op =:= 'div')).
+-define(is_arith(Op),
+    (Op =:= '+' orelse
+        Op =:= '-' orelse
+        Op =:= '*' orelse
+        Op =:= '/' orelse
+        Op =:= 'div')
+).
 
 %% Compare operators
--define(is_comp(Op), (Op =:= '=' orelse
-                      Op =:= '=~' orelse
-                      Op =:= '>' orelse
-                      Op =:= '<' orelse
-                      Op =:= '<=' orelse
-                      Op =:= '>=' orelse
-                      Op =:= '<>' orelse
-                      Op =:= '!=')).
+-define(is_comp(Op),
+    (Op =:= '=' orelse
+        Op =:= '=~' orelse
+        Op =:= '>' orelse
+        Op =:= '<' orelse
+        Op =:= '<=' orelse
+        Op =:= '>=' orelse
+        Op =:= '<>' orelse
+        Op =:= '!=')
+).
 
 %% Logical operators
 -define(is_logical(Op), (Op =:= 'and' orelse Op =:= 'or')).
 
 -define(RAISE(_EXP_, _ERROR_),
-        ?RAISE(_EXP_, _ = do_nothing, _ERROR_)).
+    ?RAISE(_EXP_, _ = do_nothing, _ERROR_)
+).
 
 -define(RAISE(_EXP_, _EXP_ON_FAIL_, _ERROR_),
-        fun() ->
-            try (_EXP_)
-            catch _EXCLASS_:_EXCPTION_:_ST_ ->
+    fun() ->
+        try
+            (_EXP_)
+        catch
+            _EXCLASS_:_EXCPTION_:_ST_ ->
                 _EXP_ON_FAIL_,
                 throw(_ERROR_)
-            end
-        end()).
+        end
+    end()
+).
 
 %% Tables
 -define(RULE_TAB, emqx_rule_engine).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/rebar.config b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/rebar.config
index 72be78a1d..2bc40e977 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/rebar.config
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/rebar.config
@@ -1,28 +1,35 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
 
-{deps, [ {emqx, {path, "../emqx"}}
-       ]}.
+{deps, [{emqx, {path, "../emqx"}}]}.
 
-{erl_opts, [warn_unused_vars,
-            warn_shadow_vars,
-            warn_unused_import,
-            warn_obsolete_guard,
-            no_debug_info,
-            compressed, %% for edge
-            {parse_transform}
-           ]}.
+{erl_opts, [
+    warn_unused_vars,
+    warn_shadow_vars,
+    warn_unused_import,
+    warn_obsolete_guard,
+    no_debug_info,
+    %% for edge
+    compressed,
+    {parse_transform}
+]}.
 
 {overrides, [{add, [{erl_opts, [no_debug_info, compressed]}]}]}.
 
 {edoc_opts, [{preprocess, true}]}.
 
-{xref_checks, [undefined_function_calls, undefined_functions,
-               locals_not_used, deprecated_function_calls,
-               warnings_as_errors, deprecated_functions
-              ]}.
+{xref_checks, [
+    undefined_function_calls,
+    undefined_functions,
+    locals_not_used,
+    deprecated_function_calls,
+    warnings_as_errors,
+    deprecated_functions
+]}.
 
 {cover_enabled, true}.
 {cover_opts, [verbose]}.
 {cover_export_enabled, true}.
 
 {plugins, [rebar3_proper]}.
+
+{project_plugins, [erlfmt]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_api_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_api_schema.erl
index 9997043ff..2623dd0a7 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_api_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_api_schema.erl
@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@
 -include_lib("hocon/include/hoconsc.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
--export([ check_params/2
-        ]).
+-export([check_params/2]).
 
 -export([roots/0, fields/1]).
 
@@ -20,10 +19,11 @@ check_params(Params, Tag) ->
     try hocon_tconf:check_plain(?MODULE, #{BTag => Params}, Opts, [Tag]) of
         #{Tag := Checked} -> {ok, Checked}
     catch
-        throw : Reason ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "check_rule_params_failed",
-                           reason => Reason
-                          }),
+        throw:Reason ->
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "check_rule_params_failed",
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             {error, Reason}
     end.
 
@@ -31,226 +31,285 @@ check_params(Params, Tag) ->
 %% Hocon Schema Definitions
 
 roots() ->
-    [ {"rule_creation", sc(ref("rule_creation"), #{desc => ?DESC("root_rule_creation")})}
-    , {"rule_info", sc(ref("rule_info"), #{desc => ?DESC("root_rule_info")})}
-    , {"rule_events", sc(ref("rule_events"), #{desc => ?DESC("root_rule_events")})}
-    , {"rule_test", sc(ref("rule_test"), #{desc => ?DESC("root_rule_test")})}
+    [
+        {"rule_creation", sc(ref("rule_creation"), #{desc => ?DESC("root_rule_creation")})},
+        {"rule_info", sc(ref("rule_info"), #{desc => ?DESC("root_rule_info")})},
+        {"rule_events", sc(ref("rule_events"), #{desc => ?DESC("root_rule_events")})},
+        {"rule_test", sc(ref("rule_test"), #{desc => ?DESC("root_rule_test")})}
     ].
 
 fields("rule_creation") ->
     emqx_rule_engine_schema:fields("rules");
-
 fields("rule_info") ->
-    [ rule_id()
-    , {"metrics", sc(ref("metrics"), #{desc => ?DESC("ri_metrics")})}
-    , {"node_metrics", sc(hoconsc:array(ref("node_metrics")),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("ri_node_metrics")
-         })}
-    , {"from", sc(hoconsc:array(binary()),
-        #{desc => ?DESC("ri_from"), example => "t/#"})}
-    , {"created_at", sc(binary(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("ri_created_at")
-         , example => "2021-12-01T15:00:43.153+08:00"
-         })}
+    [
+        rule_id(),
+        {"metrics", sc(ref("metrics"), #{desc => ?DESC("ri_metrics")})},
+        {"node_metrics",
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:array(ref("node_metrics")),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("ri_node_metrics")}
+            )},
+        {"from",
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:array(binary()),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("ri_from"), example => "t/#"}
+            )},
+        {"created_at",
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("ri_created_at"),
+                    example => "2021-12-01T15:00:43.153+08:00"
+                }
+            )}
     ] ++ fields("rule_creation");
-
 %% TODO: we can delete this API if the Dashboard not depends on it
 fields("rule_events") ->
-    ETopics = [binary_to_atom(emqx_rule_events:event_topic(E)) || E <- emqx_rule_events:event_names()],
-    [ {"event", sc(hoconsc:enum(ETopics), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_event"), required => true})}
-    , {"title", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_title"), example => "some title"})}
-    , {"description", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_description"), example => "some desc"})}
-    , {"columns", sc(map(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_columns")})}
-    , {"test_columns", sc(map(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_test_columns")})}
-    , {"sql_example", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_sql_example")})}
+    ETopics = [
+        binary_to_atom(emqx_rule_events:event_topic(E))
+     || E <- emqx_rule_events:event_names()
+    ],
+    [
+        {"event", sc(hoconsc:enum(ETopics), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_event"), required => true})},
+        {"title", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_title"), example => "some title"})},
+        {"description", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_description"), example => "some desc"})},
+        {"columns", sc(map(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_columns")})},
+        {"test_columns", sc(map(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_test_columns")})},
+        {"sql_example", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("rs_sql_example")})}
     ];
-
 fields("rule_test") ->
-    [ {"context", sc(hoconsc:union([ ref("ctx_pub")
-                                   , ref("ctx_sub")
-                                   , ref("ctx_unsub")
-                                   , ref("ctx_delivered")
-                                   , ref("ctx_acked")
-                                   , ref("ctx_dropped")
-                                   , ref("ctx_connected")
-                                   , ref("ctx_disconnected")
-                                   , ref("ctx_connack")
-                                   , ref("ctx_check_authz_complete")
-                                   , ref("ctx_bridge_mqtt")
-                                   ]),
-        #{desc => ?DESC("test_context"),
-          default => #{}})}
-    , {"sql", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("test_sql"), required => true})}
+    [
+        {"context",
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:union([
+                    ref("ctx_pub"),
+                    ref("ctx_sub"),
+                    ref("ctx_unsub"),
+                    ref("ctx_delivered"),
+                    ref("ctx_acked"),
+                    ref("ctx_dropped"),
+                    ref("ctx_connected"),
+                    ref("ctx_disconnected"),
+                    ref("ctx_connack"),
+                    ref("ctx_check_authz_complete"),
+                    ref("ctx_bridge_mqtt")
+                ]),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("test_context"),
+                    default => #{}
+                }
+            )},
+        {"sql", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("test_sql"), required => true})}
     ];
-
 fields("metrics") ->
-    [ {"sql.matched", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
-            desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_matched")
-        })}
-    , {"sql.matched.rate", sc(float(), #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_matched_rate") })}
-    , {"sql.matched.rate.max", sc(float(), #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_matched_rate_max") })}
-    , {"sql.matched.rate.last5m", sc(float(),
-            #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_matched_rate_last5m") })}
-    , {"sql.passed", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_passed") })}
-    , {"sql.failed", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_failed") })}
-    , {"sql.failed.exception", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
-            desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_failed_exception")
-        })}
-    , {"sql.failed.unknown", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
-            desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_failed_unknown")
-        })}
-    , {"outputs.total", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
-            desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_total")
-        })}
-    , {"outputs.success", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
-            desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_success")
-        })}
-    , {"outputs.failed", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
-            desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_failed")
-        })}
-    , {"outputs.failed.out_of_service", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
-            desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_failed_out_of_service")
-        })}
-    , {"outputs.failed.unknown", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
-            desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_failed_unknown")
-        })}
+    [
+        {"sql.matched",
+            sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_matched")
+            })},
+        {"sql.matched.rate", sc(float(), #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_matched_rate")})},
+        {"sql.matched.rate.max", sc(float(), #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_matched_rate_max")})},
+        {"sql.matched.rate.last5m",
+            sc(
+                float(),
+                #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_matched_rate_last5m")}
+            )},
+        {"sql.passed", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_passed")})},
+        {"sql.failed", sc(non_neg_integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_failed")})},
+        {"sql.failed.exception",
+            sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_failed_exception")
+            })},
+        {"sql.failed.unknown",
+            sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("metrics_sql_failed_unknown")
+            })},
+        {"outputs.total",
+            sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_total")
+            })},
+        {"outputs.success",
+            sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_success")
+            })},
+        {"outputs.failed",
+            sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_failed")
+            })},
+        {"outputs.failed.out_of_service",
+            sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_failed_out_of_service")
+            })},
+        {"outputs.failed.unknown",
+            sc(non_neg_integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("metrics_outputs_failed_unknown")
+            })}
     ];
-
 fields("node_metrics") ->
-    [ {"node", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("node_node"), example => "emqx@127.0.0.1"})}
-    ] ++ fields("metrics");
-
+    [{"node", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("node_node"), example => "emqx@127.0.0.1"})}] ++
+        fields("metrics");
 fields("ctx_pub") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc(message_publish, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"id", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_id")})}
-    , {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})}
-    , {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})}
-    , {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})}
-    , {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})}
-    , {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})}
-    , {"publish_received_at", sc(integer(), #{
-        desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type", sc(message_publish, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"id", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_id")})},
+        {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})},
+        {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})},
+        {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})},
+        {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})},
+        {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})},
+        {"publish_received_at",
+            sc(integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")
+            })}
     ] ++ [qos()];
-
 fields("ctx_sub") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc(session_subscribed, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})}
-    , {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})}
-    , {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})}
-    , {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})}
-    , {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})}
-    , {"publish_received_at", sc(integer(), #{
-        desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type",
+            sc(session_subscribed, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})},
+        {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})},
+        {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})},
+        {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})},
+        {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})},
+        {"publish_received_at",
+            sc(integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")
+            })}
     ] ++ [qos()];
-
 fields("ctx_unsub") ->
-    [{"event_type", sc(session_unsubscribed, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}] ++
-    proplists:delete("event_type", fields("ctx_sub"));
-
+    [
+        {"event_type",
+            sc(session_unsubscribed, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
+    ] ++
+        proplists:delete("event_type", fields("ctx_sub"));
 fields("ctx_delivered") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc(message_delivered, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"id", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_id")})}
-    , {"from_clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_from_clientid")})}
-    , {"from_username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_from_username")})}
-    , {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})}
-    , {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})}
-    , {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})}
-    , {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})}
-    , {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})}
-    , {"publish_received_at", sc(integer(), #{
-        desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type",
+            sc(message_delivered, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"id", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_id")})},
+        {"from_clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_from_clientid")})},
+        {"from_username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_from_username")})},
+        {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})},
+        {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})},
+        {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})},
+        {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})},
+        {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})},
+        {"publish_received_at",
+            sc(integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")
+            })}
     ] ++ [qos()];
-
 fields("ctx_acked") ->
     [{"event_type", sc(message_acked, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}] ++
-    proplists:delete("event_type", fields("ctx_delivered"));
-
+        proplists:delete("event_type", fields("ctx_delivered"));
 fields("ctx_dropped") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc(message_dropped, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"id", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_id")})}
-    , {"reason", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_ctx_dropped")})}
-    , {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})}
-    , {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})}
-    , {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})}
-    , {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})}
-    , {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})}
-    , {"publish_received_at", sc(integer(), #{
-        desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type", sc(message_dropped, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"id", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_id")})},
+        {"reason", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_ctx_dropped")})},
+        {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})},
+        {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})},
+        {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})},
+        {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})},
+        {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})},
+        {"publish_received_at",
+            sc(integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")
+            })}
     ] ++ [qos()];
-
 fields("ctx_connected") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc(client_connected, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})}
-    , {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})}
-    , {"mountpoint", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_mountpoint")})}
-    , {"peername", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peername")})}
-    , {"sockname", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_sockname")})}
-    , {"proto_name", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_proto_name")})}
-    , {"proto_ver", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_proto_ver")})}
-    , {"keepalive", sc(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_keepalive")})}
-    , {"clean_start", sc(boolean(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clean_start"), default => true})}
-    , {"expiry_interval", sc(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_expiry_interval")})}
-    , {"is_bridge", sc(boolean(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_is_bridge"), default => false})}
-    , {"connected_at", sc(integer(), #{
-        desc => ?DESC("event_connected_at")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type",
+            sc(client_connected, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})},
+        {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})},
+        {"mountpoint", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_mountpoint")})},
+        {"peername", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peername")})},
+        {"sockname", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_sockname")})},
+        {"proto_name", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_proto_name")})},
+        {"proto_ver", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_proto_ver")})},
+        {"keepalive", sc(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_keepalive")})},
+        {"clean_start", sc(boolean(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clean_start"), default => true})},
+        {"expiry_interval", sc(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_expiry_interval")})},
+        {"is_bridge", sc(boolean(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_is_bridge"), default => false})},
+        {"connected_at",
+            sc(integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("event_connected_at")
+            })}
     ];
-
 fields("ctx_disconnected") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc(client_disconnected, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})}
-    , {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})}
-    , {"reason", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_ctx_disconnected_reason")})}
-    , {"peername", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peername")})}
-    , {"sockname", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_sockname")})}
-    , {"disconnected_at", sc(integer(), #{
-        desc => ?DESC("event_ctx_disconnected_da")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type",
+            sc(client_disconnected, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})},
+        {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})},
+        {"reason", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_ctx_disconnected_reason")})},
+        {"peername", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peername")})},
+        {"sockname", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_sockname")})},
+        {"disconnected_at",
+            sc(integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("event_ctx_disconnected_da")
+            })}
     ];
-
 fields("ctx_connack") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc(client_connack, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"reason_code", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_ctx_connack_reason_code")})}
-    , {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})}
-    , {"clean_start", sc(boolean(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clean_start"), default => true})}
-    , {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})}
-    , {"peername", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peername")})}
-    , {"sockname", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_sockname")})}
-    , {"proto_name", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_proto_name")})}
-    , {"proto_ver", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_proto_ver")})}
-    , {"keepalive", sc(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_keepalive")})}
-    , {"expiry_interval", sc(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_expiry_interval")})}
-    , {"connected_at", sc(integer(), #{
-        desc => ?DESC("event_connected_at")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type", sc(client_connack, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"reason_code", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_ctx_connack_reason_code")})},
+        {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})},
+        {"clean_start", sc(boolean(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clean_start"), default => true})},
+        {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})},
+        {"peername", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peername")})},
+        {"sockname", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_sockname")})},
+        {"proto_name", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_proto_name")})},
+        {"proto_ver", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_proto_ver")})},
+        {"keepalive", sc(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_keepalive")})},
+        {"expiry_interval", sc(integer(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_expiry_interval")})},
+        {"connected_at",
+            sc(integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("event_connected_at")
+            })}
     ];
 fields("ctx_check_authz_complete") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc(client_check_authz_complete, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})}
-    , {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})}
-    , {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})}
-    , {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})}
-    , {"action", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_action")})}
-    , {"authz_source", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_authz_source")})}
-    , {"result", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_result")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type",
+            sc(client_check_authz_complete, #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"clientid", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_clientid")})},
+        {"username", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_username")})},
+        {"peerhost", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_peerhost")})},
+        {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})},
+        {"action", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_action")})},
+        {"authz_source", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_authz_source")})},
+        {"result", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_result")})}
     ];
 fields("ctx_bridge_mqtt") ->
-    [ {"event_type", sc('$bridges/mqtt:*', #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})}
-    , {"id", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_id")})}
-    , {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})}
-    , {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})}
-    , {"server", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_server")})}
-    , {"dup", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_dup")})}
-    , {"retain", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_retain")})}
-    , {"message_received_at", sc(integer(), #{
-        desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")})}
+    [
+        {"event_type",
+            sc('$bridges/mqtt:*', #{desc => ?DESC("event_event_type"), required => true})},
+        {"id", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_id")})},
+        {"payload", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_payload")})},
+        {"topic", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_topic")})},
+        {"server", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_server")})},
+        {"dup", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_dup")})},
+        {"retain", sc(binary(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_retain")})},
+        {"message_received_at",
+            sc(integer(), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("event_publish_received_at")
+            })}
     ] ++ [qos()].
 
 qos() ->
     {"qos", sc(emqx_schema:qos(), #{desc => ?DESC("event_qos")})}.
 
 rule_id() ->
-    {"id", sc(binary(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("rule_id"), required => true
-         , example => "293fb66f"
-         })}.
+    {"id",
+        sc(
+            binary(),
+            #{
+                desc => ?DESC("rule_id"),
+                required => true,
+                example => "293fb66f"
+            }
+        )}.
 
 sc(Type, Meta) -> hoconsc:mk(Type, Meta).
 ref(Field) -> hoconsc:ref(?MODULE, Field).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_date.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_date.erl
index a06571b64..83056754b 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_date.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_date.erl
@@ -18,19 +18,27 @@
 
 -export([date/3, date/4, parse_date/4]).
 
--export([ is_int_char/1
-        , is_symbol_char/1
-        , is_m_char/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    is_int_char/1,
+    is_symbol_char/1,
+    is_m_char/1
+]).
 
 -record(result, {
-       year     = "1970" :: string() %%year()
-     , month    = "1" :: string() %%month()
-     , day      = "1" :: string() %%day()
-     , hour     = "0" :: string() %%hour()
-     , minute   = "0" :: string() %%minute() %% epoch in millisecond precision
-     , second   = "0" :: string() %%second() %% epoch in millisecond precision
-     , zone     = "+00:00" :: string() %%integer() %% zone maybe some value
+    %%year()
+    year = "1970" :: string(),
+    %%month()
+    month = "1" :: string(),
+    %%day()
+    day = "1" :: string(),
+    %%hour()
+    hour = "0" :: string(),
+    %%minute() %% epoch in millisecond precision
+    minute = "0" :: string(),
+    %%second() %% epoch in millisecond precision
+    second = "0" :: string(),
+    %%integer() %% zone maybe some value
+    zone = "+00:00" :: string()
 }).
 
 %% -type time_unit() :: 'microsecond'
@@ -42,43 +50,59 @@ date(TimeUnit, Offset, FormatString) ->
     date(TimeUnit, Offset, FormatString, erlang:system_time(TimeUnit)).
 
 date(TimeUnit, Offset, FormatString, TimeEpoch) ->
-    [Head|Other] = string:split(FormatString, "%", all),
+    [Head | Other] = string:split(FormatString, "%", all),
     R = create_tag([{st, Head}], Other),
-    Res = lists:map(fun(Expr) ->
-              eval_tag(rmap(make_time(TimeUnit, Offset, TimeEpoch)), Expr) end, R),
+    Res = lists:map(
+        fun(Expr) ->
+            eval_tag(rmap(make_time(TimeUnit, Offset, TimeEpoch)), Expr)
+        end,
+        R
+    ),
     lists:concat(Res).
 
 parse_date(TimeUnit, Offset, FormatString, InputString) ->
-    [Head|Other] = string:split(FormatString, "%", all),
+    [Head | Other] = string:split(FormatString, "%", all),
     R = create_tag([{st, Head}], Other),
-    IsZ = fun(V) -> case V of
-                     {tag, $Z} -> true;
-                     _ -> false
-                    end end,
+    IsZ = fun(V) ->
+        case V of
+            {tag, $Z} -> true;
+            _ -> false
+        end
+    end,
     R1 = lists:filter(IsZ, R),
     IfFun = fun(Con, A, B) ->
-                case Con of
-                   [] -> A;
-                   _ -> B
-                end end,
+        case Con of
+            [] -> A;
+            _ -> B
+        end
+    end,
     Res = parse_input(FormatString, InputString),
-    Str = Res#result.year ++ "-"
-        ++ Res#result.month ++ "-"
-        ++ Res#result.day ++ "T"
-        ++ Res#result.hour ++ ":"
-        ++ Res#result.minute ++ ":"
-        ++ Res#result.second ++
-        IfFun(R1, Offset, Res#result.zone),
+    Str =
+        Res#result.year ++ "-" ++
+            Res#result.month ++ "-" ++
+            Res#result.day ++ "T" ++
+            Res#result.hour ++ ":" ++
+            Res#result.minute ++ ":" ++
+            Res#result.second ++
+            IfFun(R1, Offset, Res#result.zone),
     calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(Str, [{unit, TimeUnit}]).
 
-mlist(R)->
-    [ {$H, R#result.hour}    %% %H	Shows hour in 24-hour format [15]
-    , {$M, R#result.minute}  %% %M	Displays minutes [00-59]
-    , {$S, R#result.second}  %% %S	Displays seconds [00-59]
-    , {$y, R#result.year}    %% %y	Displays year YYYY [2021]
-    , {$m, R#result.month}   %% %m	Displays the number of the month [01-12]
-    , {$d, R#result.day}     %% %d	Displays the number of the month [01-12]
-    , {$Z, R#result.zone}    %% %Z	Displays Time zone
+mlist(R) ->
+    %% %H	Shows hour in 24-hour format [15]
+    [
+        {$H, R#result.hour},
+        %% %M	Displays minutes [00-59]
+        {$M, R#result.minute},
+        %% %S	Displays seconds [00-59]
+        {$S, R#result.second},
+        %% %y	Displays year YYYY [2021]
+        {$y, R#result.year},
+        %% %m	Displays the number of the month [01-12]
+        {$m, R#result.month},
+        %% %d	Displays the number of the month [01-12]
+        {$d, R#result.day},
+        %% %Z	Displays Time zone
+        {$Z, R#result.zone}
     ].
 
 rmap(Result) ->
@@ -88,69 +112,95 @@ support_char() -> "HMSymdZ".
 
 create_tag(Head, []) ->
     Head;
-create_tag(Head, [Val1|RVal]) ->
+create_tag(Head, [Val1 | RVal]) ->
     case Val1 of
-        [] -> create_tag(Head ++ [{st, [$%]}], RVal);
-        [H| Other] ->
+        [] ->
+            create_tag(Head ++ [{st, [$%]}], RVal);
+        [H | Other] ->
             case lists:member(H, support_char()) of
                 true -> create_tag(Head ++ [{tag, H}, {st, Other}], RVal);
-                false -> create_tag(Head ++ [{st, [$%|Val1]}], RVal)
+                false -> create_tag(Head ++ [{st, [$% | Val1]}], RVal)
             end
     end.
 
-eval_tag(_,{st, Str}) ->
+eval_tag(_, {st, Str}) ->
     Str;
-eval_tag(Map,{tag, Char}) ->
+eval_tag(Map, {tag, Char}) ->
     maps:get(Char, Map, "undefined").
 
 %% make_time(TimeUnit, Offset) ->
 %%     make_time(TimeUnit, Offset, erlang:system_time(TimeUnit)).
 make_time(TimeUnit, Offset, TimeEpoch) ->
-    Res = calendar:system_time_to_rfc3339(TimeEpoch,
-                                         [{unit, TimeUnit}, {offset, Offset}]),
-    [Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, $-, Mon1, Mon2, $-, D1, D2, _T,
-     H1, H2, $:, Min1, Min2, $:, S1, S2 | TimeStr] = Res,
+    Res = calendar:system_time_to_rfc3339(
+        TimeEpoch,
+        [{unit, TimeUnit}, {offset, Offset}]
+    ),
+    [
+        Y1,
+        Y2,
+        Y3,
+        Y4,
+        $-,
+        Mon1,
+        Mon2,
+        $-,
+        D1,
+        D2,
+        _T,
+        H1,
+        H2,
+        $:,
+        Min1,
+        Min2,
+        $:,
+        S1,
+        S2
+        | TimeStr
+    ] = Res,
     IsFractionChar = fun(C) -> C >= $0 andalso C =< $9 orelse C =:= $. end,
     {FractionStr, UtcOffset} = lists:splitwith(IsFractionChar, TimeStr),
     #result{
-         year = [Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4]
-       , month = [Mon1, Mon2]
-       , day = [D1, D2]
-       , hour = [H1, H2]
-       , minute = [Min1, Min2]
-       , second = [S1, S2] ++ FractionStr
-       , zone = UtcOffset
-      }.
-
+        year = [Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4],
+        month = [Mon1, Mon2],
+        day = [D1, D2],
+        hour = [H1, H2],
+        minute = [Min1, Min2],
+        second = [S1, S2] ++ FractionStr,
+        zone = UtcOffset
+    }.
 
 is_int_char(C) ->
-    C >= $0 andalso C =< $9 .
+    C >= $0 andalso C =< $9.
 is_symbol_char(C) ->
-    C =:= $- orelse C =:= $+ .
+    C =:= $- orelse C =:= $+.
 is_m_char(C) ->
     C =:= $:.
 
-parse_char_with_fun(_, []) -> error(null_input);
-parse_char_with_fun(ValidFun, [C|Other]) ->
-    Res = case erlang:is_function(ValidFun) of
-              true -> ValidFun(C);
-              false -> erlang:apply(emqx_rule_date, ValidFun, [C])
-          end,
+parse_char_with_fun(_, []) ->
+    error(null_input);
+parse_char_with_fun(ValidFun, [C | Other]) ->
+    Res =
+        case erlang:is_function(ValidFun) of
+            true -> ValidFun(C);
+            false -> erlang:apply(emqx_rule_date, ValidFun, [C])
+        end,
     case Res of
         true -> {C, Other};
-        false -> error({unexpected,[C|Other]})
+        false -> error({unexpected, [C | Other]})
     end.
-parse_string([], Input) -> {[], Input};
-parse_string([C|Other], Input) ->
+parse_string([], Input) ->
+    {[], Input};
+parse_string([C | Other], Input) ->
     {C1, Input1} = parse_char_with_fun(fun(V) -> V =:= C end, Input),
     {Res, Input2} = parse_string(Other, Input1),
-    {[C1|Res], Input2}.
+    {[C1 | Res], Input2}.
 
-parse_times(0, _, Input) -> {[], Input};
+parse_times(0, _, Input) ->
+    {[], Input};
 parse_times(Times, Fun, Input) ->
     {C1, Input1} = parse_char_with_fun(Fun, Input),
     {Res, Input2} = parse_times((Times - 1), Fun, Input1),
-    {[C1|Res], Input2}.
+    {[C1 | Res], Input2}.
 
 parse_int_times(Times, Input) ->
     parse_times(Times, is_int_char, Input).
@@ -162,33 +212,42 @@ parse_fraction(Input) ->
 parse_second(Input) ->
     {M, Input1} = parse_int_times(2, Input),
     {M1, Input2} = parse_fraction(Input1),
-    {M++M1, Input2}.
+    {M ++ M1, Input2}.
 
 parse_zone(Input) ->
     {S, Input1} = parse_char_with_fun(is_symbol_char, Input),
     {M, Input2} = parse_int_times(2, Input1),
     {C, Input3} = parse_char_with_fun(is_m_char, Input2),
     {V, Input4} = parse_int_times(2, Input3),
-    {[S|M++[C|V]], Input4}.
+    {[S | M ++ [C | V]], Input4}.
 
-mlist1()->
+mlist1() ->
     maps:from_list(
-      [ {$H, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(2, Input) end}    %% %H	Shows hour in 24-hour format [15]
-      , {$M, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(2, Input) end}  %% %M	Displays minutes [00-59]
-      , {$S, fun(Input) -> parse_second(Input) end}  %% %S	Displays seconds [00-59]
-      , {$y, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(4, Input) end}    %% %y	Displays year YYYY [2021]
-      , {$m, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(2, Input) end}   %% %m	Displays the number of the month [01-12]
-      , {$d, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(2, Input) end}     %% %d	Displays the number of the month [01-12]
-      , {$Z, fun(Input) -> parse_zone(Input) end}    %% %Z	Displays Time zone
-      ]).
+        %% %H	Shows hour in 24-hour format [15]
+        [
+            {$H, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(2, Input) end},
+            %% %M	Displays minutes [00-59]
+            {$M, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(2, Input) end},
+            %% %S	Displays seconds [00-59]
+            {$S, fun(Input) -> parse_second(Input) end},
+            %% %y	Displays year YYYY [2021]
+            {$y, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(4, Input) end},
+            %% %m	Displays the number of the month [01-12]
+            {$m, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(2, Input) end},
+            %% %d	Displays the number of the month [01-12]
+            {$d, fun(Input) -> parse_int_times(2, Input) end},
+            %% %Z	Displays Time zone
+            {$Z, fun(Input) -> parse_zone(Input) end}
+        ]
+    ).
 
-update_result($H, Res, Str) -> Res#result{hour=Str};
-update_result($M, Res, Str) -> Res#result{minute=Str};
-update_result($S, Res, Str) -> Res#result{second=Str};
-update_result($y, Res, Str) -> Res#result{year=Str};
-update_result($m, Res, Str) -> Res#result{month=Str};
-update_result($d, Res, Str) -> Res#result{day=Str};
-update_result($Z, Res, Str) -> Res#result{zone=Str}.
+update_result($H, Res, Str) -> Res#result{hour = Str};
+update_result($M, Res, Str) -> Res#result{minute = Str};
+update_result($S, Res, Str) -> Res#result{second = Str};
+update_result($y, Res, Str) -> Res#result{year = Str};
+update_result($m, Res, Str) -> Res#result{month = Str};
+update_result($d, Res, Str) -> Res#result{day = Str};
+update_result($Z, Res, Str) -> Res#result{zone = Str}.
 
 parse_tag(Res, {st, St}, InputString) ->
     {_A, B} = parse_string(St, InputString),
@@ -199,12 +258,13 @@ parse_tag(Res, {tag, St}, InputString) ->
     NRes = update_result(St, Res, A),
     {NRes, B}.
 
-parse_tags(Res, [], _) -> Res;
-parse_tags(Res, [Tag|Others], InputString) ->
+parse_tags(Res, [], _) ->
+    Res;
+parse_tags(Res, [Tag | Others], InputString) ->
     {NRes, B} = parse_tag(Res, Tag, InputString),
     parse_tags(NRes, Others, B).
 
 parse_input(FormatString, InputString) ->
-    [Head|Other] = string:split(FormatString, "%", all),
+    [Head | Other] = string:split(FormatString, "%", all),
     R = create_tag([{st, Head}], Other),
     parse_tags(#result{}, R, InputString).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.app.src b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.app.src
index bec85690f..ef6665e76 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.app.src
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.app.src
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 %% -*- mode: erlang -*-
-{application, emqx_rule_engine,
- [{description, "EMQX Rule Engine"},
-  {vsn, "5.0.0"}, % strict semver, bump manually!
-  {modules, []},
-  {registered, [emqx_rule_engine_sup, emqx_rule_engine]},
-  {applications, [kernel,stdlib,rulesql,getopt]},
-  {mod, {emqx_rule_engine_app, []}},
-  {env, []},
-  {licenses, ["Apache-2.0"]},
-  {maintainers, ["EMQX Team <contact@emqx.io>"]},
-  {links, [{"Homepage", "https://emqx.io/"},
-           {"Github", "https://github.com/emqx/emqx-rule-engine"}
-          ]}
- ]}.
+{application, emqx_rule_engine, [
+    {description, "EMQX Rule Engine"},
+    % strict semver, bump manually!
+    {vsn, "5.0.0"},
+    {modules, []},
+    {registered, [emqx_rule_engine_sup, emqx_rule_engine]},
+    {applications, [kernel, stdlib, rulesql, getopt]},
+    {mod, {emqx_rule_engine_app, []}},
+    {env, []},
+    {licenses, ["Apache-2.0"]},
+    {maintainers, ["EMQX Team <contact@emqx.io>"]},
+    {links, [
+        {"Homepage", "https://emqx.io/"},
+        {"Github", "https://github.com/emqx/emqx-rule-engine"}
+    ]}
+]}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.erl
index 597daa378..b08964646 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine.erl
@@ -25,51 +25,56 @@
 
 -export([start_link/0]).
 
--export([ post_config_update/5
-        , config_key_path/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    post_config_update/5,
+    config_key_path/0
+]).
 
 %% Rule Management
 
--export([ load_rules/0
-        ]).
+-export([load_rules/0]).
 
--export([ create_rule/1
-        , insert_rule/1
-        , update_rule/1
-        , delete_rule/1
-        , get_rule/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    create_rule/1,
+    insert_rule/1,
+    update_rule/1,
+    delete_rule/1,
+    get_rule/1
+]).
 
--export([ get_rules/0
-        , get_rules_for_topic/1
-        , get_rules_with_same_event/1
-        , get_rules_ordered_by_ts/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    get_rules/0,
+    get_rules_for_topic/1,
+    get_rules_with_same_event/1,
+    get_rules_ordered_by_ts/0
+]).
 
 %% exported for cluster_call
--export([ do_delete_rule/1
-        , do_insert_rule/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    do_delete_rule/1,
+    do_insert_rule/1
+]).
 
--export([ load_hooks_for_rule/1
-        , unload_hooks_for_rule/1
-        , maybe_add_metrics_for_rule/1
-        , clear_metrics_for_rule/1
-        , reset_metrics_for_rule/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    load_hooks_for_rule/1,
+    unload_hooks_for_rule/1,
+    maybe_add_metrics_for_rule/1,
+    clear_metrics_for_rule/1,
+    reset_metrics_for_rule/1
+]).
 
 %% exported for `emqx_telemetry'
 -export([get_basic_usage_info/0]).
 
 %% gen_server Callbacks
--export([ init/1
-        , handle_call/3
-        , handle_cast/2
-        , handle_info/2
-        , terminate/2
-        , code_change/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    init/1,
+    handle_call/3,
+    handle_cast/2,
+    handle_info/2,
+    terminate/2,
+    code_change/3
+]).
 
 -define(RULE_ENGINE, ?MODULE).
 
@@ -77,24 +82,25 @@
 
 %% NOTE: This order cannot be changed! This is to make the metric working during relup.
 %% Append elements to this list to add new metrics.
--define(METRICS, [ 'sql.matched'
-                 , 'sql.passed'
-                 , 'sql.failed'
-                 , 'sql.failed.exception'
-                 , 'sql.failed.no_result'
-                 , 'outputs.total'
-                 , 'outputs.success'
-                 , 'outputs.failed'
-                 , 'outputs.failed.out_of_service'
-                 , 'outputs.failed.unknown'
-                ]).
+-define(METRICS, [
+    'sql.matched',
+    'sql.passed',
+    'sql.failed',
+    'sql.failed.exception',
+    'sql.failed.no_result',
+    'outputs.total',
+    'outputs.success',
+    'outputs.failed',
+    'outputs.failed.out_of_service',
+    'outputs.failed.unknown'
+]).
 
 -define(RATE_METRICS, ['sql.matched']).
 
 config_key_path() ->
     [rule_engine, rules].
 
--spec(start_link() -> {ok, pid()} | ignore | {error, Reason :: term()}).
+-spec start_link() -> {ok, pid()} | ignore | {error, Reason :: term()}.
 start_link() ->
     gen_server:start_link({local, ?RULE_ENGINE}, ?MODULE, [], []).
 
@@ -102,17 +108,26 @@ start_link() ->
 %% The config handler for emqx_rule_engine
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 post_config_update(_, _Req, NewRules, OldRules, _AppEnvs) ->
-    #{added := Added, removed := Removed, changed := Updated}
-        = emqx_map_lib:diff_maps(NewRules, OldRules),
-    maps_foreach(fun({Id, {_Old, New}}) ->
+    #{added := Added, removed := Removed, changed := Updated} =
+        emqx_map_lib:diff_maps(NewRules, OldRules),
+    maps_foreach(
+        fun({Id, {_Old, New}}) ->
             {ok, _} = update_rule(New#{id => bin(Id)})
-        end, Updated),
-    maps_foreach(fun({Id, _Rule}) ->
+        end,
+        Updated
+    ),
+    maps_foreach(
+        fun({Id, _Rule}) ->
             ok = delete_rule(bin(Id))
-        end, Removed),
-    maps_foreach(fun({Id, Rule}) ->
+        end,
+        Removed
+    ),
+    maps_foreach(
+        fun({Id, Rule}) ->
             {ok, _} = create_rule(Rule#{id => bin(Id)})
-        end, Added),
+        end,
+        Added
+    ),
     {ok, get_rules()}.
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -121,9 +136,12 @@ post_config_update(_, _Req, NewRules, OldRules, _AppEnvs) ->
 
 -spec load_rules() -> ok.
 load_rules() ->
-    maps_foreach(fun({Id, Rule}) ->
+    maps_foreach(
+        fun({Id, Rule}) ->
             {ok, _} = create_rule(Rule#{id => bin(Id)})
-        end, emqx:get_config([rule_engine, rules], #{})).
+        end,
+        emqx:get_config([rule_engine, rules], #{})
+    ).
 
 -spec create_rule(map()) -> {ok, rule()} | {error, term()}.
 create_rule(Params = #{id := RuleId}) when is_binary(RuleId) ->
@@ -141,11 +159,11 @@ update_rule(Params = #{id := RuleId}) when is_binary(RuleId) ->
             parse_and_insert(Params, CreatedAt)
     end.
 
--spec(delete_rule(RuleId :: rule_id()) -> ok).
+-spec delete_rule(RuleId :: rule_id()) -> ok.
 delete_rule(RuleId) when is_binary(RuleId) ->
     gen_server:call(?RULE_ENGINE, {delete_rule, RuleId}, ?T_CALL).
 
--spec(insert_rule(Rule :: rule()) -> ok).
+-spec insert_rule(Rule :: rule()) -> ok.
 insert_rule(Rule) ->
     gen_server:call(?RULE_ENGINE, {insert_rule, Rule}, ?T_CALL).
 
@@ -153,30 +171,39 @@ insert_rule(Rule) ->
 %% Rule Management
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
--spec(get_rules() -> [rule()]).
+-spec get_rules() -> [rule()].
 get_rules() ->
     get_all_records(?RULE_TAB).
 
 get_rules_ordered_by_ts() ->
-    lists:sort(fun(#{created_at := CreatedA}, #{created_at := CreatedB}) ->
+    lists:sort(
+        fun(#{created_at := CreatedA}, #{created_at := CreatedB}) ->
             CreatedA =< CreatedB
-        end, get_rules()).
+        end,
+        get_rules()
+    ).
 
--spec(get_rules_for_topic(Topic :: binary()) -> [rule()]).
+-spec get_rules_for_topic(Topic :: binary()) -> [rule()].
 get_rules_for_topic(Topic) ->
-    [Rule || Rule = #{from := From} <- get_rules(),
-             emqx_plugin_libs_rule:can_topic_match_oneof(Topic, From)].
+    [
+        Rule
+     || Rule = #{from := From} <- get_rules(),
+        emqx_plugin_libs_rule:can_topic_match_oneof(Topic, From)
+    ].
 
--spec(get_rules_with_same_event(Topic :: binary()) -> [rule()]).
+-spec get_rules_with_same_event(Topic :: binary()) -> [rule()].
 get_rules_with_same_event(Topic) ->
     EventName = emqx_rule_events:event_name(Topic),
-    [Rule || Rule = #{from := From} <- get_rules(),
-             lists:any(fun(T) -> is_of_event_name(EventName, T) end, From)].
+    [
+        Rule
+     || Rule = #{from := From} <- get_rules(),
+        lists:any(fun(T) -> is_of_event_name(EventName, T) end, From)
+    ].
 
 is_of_event_name(EventName, Topic) ->
     EventName =:= emqx_rule_events:event_name(Topic).
 
--spec(get_rule(Id :: rule_id()) -> {ok, rule()} | not_found).
+-spec get_rule(Id :: rule_id()) -> {ok, rule()} | not_found.
 get_rule(Id) ->
     case ets:lookup(?RULE_TAB, Id) of
         [{Id, Rule}] -> {ok, Rule#{id => Id}};
@@ -188,7 +215,8 @@ load_hooks_for_rule(#{from := Topics}) ->
 
 maybe_add_metrics_for_rule(Id) ->
     case emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:has_metrics(rule_metrics, Id) of
-        true -> ok;
+        true ->
+            ok;
         false ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:create_metrics(rule_metrics, Id, ?METRICS, ?RATE_METRICS)
     end.
@@ -196,86 +224,101 @@ maybe_add_metrics_for_rule(Id) ->
 clear_metrics_for_rule(Id) ->
     ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:clear_metrics(rule_metrics, Id).
 
--spec(reset_metrics_for_rule(rule_id()) -> ok).
+-spec reset_metrics_for_rule(rule_id()) -> ok.
 reset_metrics_for_rule(Id) ->
     emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:reset_metrics(rule_metrics, Id).
 
 unload_hooks_for_rule(#{id := Id, from := Topics}) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun(Topic) ->
-        case get_rules_with_same_event(Topic) of
-            [#{id := Id0}] when Id0 == Id -> %% we are now deleting the last rule
-                emqx_rule_events:unload(Topic);
-            _ -> ok
-        end
-    end, Topics).
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(Topic) ->
+            case get_rules_with_same_event(Topic) of
+                %% we are now deleting the last rule
+                [#{id := Id0}] when Id0 == Id ->
+                    emqx_rule_events:unload(Topic);
+                _ ->
+                    ok
+            end
+        end,
+        Topics
+    ).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Telemetry helper functions
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
--spec get_basic_usage_info() -> #{ num_rules => non_neg_integer()
-                                 , referenced_bridges =>
-                                       #{ BridgeType => non_neg_integer()
-                                        }
-                                 }
-              when BridgeType :: atom().
+-spec get_basic_usage_info() ->
+    #{
+        num_rules => non_neg_integer(),
+        referenced_bridges =>
+            #{BridgeType => non_neg_integer()}
+    }
+when
+    BridgeType :: atom().
 get_basic_usage_info() ->
     try
         Rules = get_rules(),
         EnabledRules =
             lists:filter(
-              fun(#{enable := Enabled}) -> Enabled end,
-              Rules),
+                fun(#{enable := Enabled}) -> Enabled end,
+                Rules
+            ),
         NumRules = length(EnabledRules),
         ReferencedBridges =
             lists:foldl(
-              fun(#{outputs := Outputs}, Acc) ->
-                      BridgeIDs = lists:filter(fun is_binary/1, Outputs),
-                      tally_referenced_bridges(BridgeIDs, Acc)
-              end,
-              #{},
-              EnabledRules),
-        #{ num_rules => NumRules
-         , referenced_bridges => ReferencedBridges
-         }
+                fun(#{outputs := Outputs}, Acc) ->
+                    BridgeIDs = lists:filter(fun is_binary/1, Outputs),
+                    tally_referenced_bridges(BridgeIDs, Acc)
+                end,
+                #{},
+                EnabledRules
+            ),
+        #{
+            num_rules => NumRules,
+            referenced_bridges => ReferencedBridges
+        }
     catch
         _:_ ->
-            #{ num_rules => 0
-             , referenced_bridges => #{}
-             }
+            #{
+                num_rules => 0,
+                referenced_bridges => #{}
+            }
     end.
 
-
 tally_referenced_bridges(BridgeIDs, Acc0) ->
     lists:foldl(
-     fun(BridgeID, Acc) ->
-             {BridgeType, _BridgeName} = emqx_bridge:parse_bridge_id(BridgeID),
-             maps:update_with(
-               BridgeType,
-               fun(X) -> X + 1 end,
-               1,
-               Acc)
-     end,
-     Acc0,
-     BridgeIDs).
+        fun(BridgeID, Acc) ->
+            {BridgeType, _BridgeName} = emqx_bridge:parse_bridge_id(BridgeID),
+            maps:update_with(
+                BridgeType,
+                fun(X) -> X + 1 end,
+                1,
+                Acc
+            )
+        end,
+        Acc0,
+        BridgeIDs
+    ).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% gen_server callbacks
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 init([]) ->
-    _TableId = ets:new(?KV_TAB, [named_table, set, public, {write_concurrency, true},
-                                 {read_concurrency, true}]),
+    _TableId = ets:new(?KV_TAB, [
+        named_table,
+        set,
+        public,
+        {write_concurrency, true},
+        {read_concurrency, true}
+    ]),
     {ok, #{}}.
 
 handle_call({insert_rule, Rule}, _From, State) ->
     do_insert_rule(Rule),
     {reply, ok, State};
-
 handle_call({delete_rule, Rule}, _From, State) ->
     do_delete_rule(Rule),
     {reply, ok, State};
-
 handle_call(Req, _From, State) ->
     ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "unexpected_call", request => Req}),
     {reply, ignored, State}.
@@ -321,7 +364,8 @@ parse_and_insert(Params = #{id := RuleId, sql := Sql, outputs := Outputs}, Creat
             },
             ok = insert_rule(Rule),
             {ok, Rule};
-        {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
+        {error, Reason} ->
+            {error, Reason}
     end.
 
 do_insert_rule(#{id := Id} = Rule) ->
@@ -337,7 +381,8 @@ do_delete_rule(RuleId) ->
             ok = clear_metrics_for_rule(RuleId),
             true = ets:delete(?RULE_TAB, RuleId),
             ok;
-        not_found -> ok
+        not_found ->
+            ok
     end.
 
 parse_outputs(Outputs) ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_api.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_api.erl
index 7d2e34f5b..32b098311 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_api.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_api.erl
@@ -32,20 +32,33 @@
 -export(['/rule_events'/2, '/rule_test'/2, '/rules'/2, '/rules/:id'/2, '/rules/:id/reset_metrics'/2]).
 
 -define(ERR_NO_RULE(ID), list_to_binary(io_lib:format("Rule ~ts Not Found", [(ID)]))).
--define(ERR_BADARGS(REASON),
-        begin
-            R0 = err_msg(REASON),
-            <<"Bad Arguments: ", R0/binary>>
-        end).
+-define(ERR_BADARGS(REASON), begin
+    R0 = err_msg(REASON),
+    <<"Bad Arguments: ", R0/binary>>
+end).
 -define(CHECK_PARAMS(PARAMS, TAG, EXPR),
     case emqx_rule_api_schema:check_params(PARAMS, TAG) of
         {ok, CheckedParams} ->
             EXPR;
         {error, REASON} ->
             {400, #{code => 'BAD_REQUEST', message => ?ERR_BADARGS(REASON)}}
-    end).
--define(METRICS(MATCH, PASS, FAIL, FAIL_EX, FAIL_NORES, O_TOTAL, O_FAIL, O_FAIL_OOS,
-        O_FAIL_UNKNOWN, O_SUCC, RATE, RATE_MAX, RATE_5),
+    end
+).
+-define(METRICS(
+    MATCH,
+    PASS,
+    FAIL,
+    FAIL_EX,
+    FAIL_NORES,
+    O_TOTAL,
+    O_FAIL,
+    O_FAIL_OOS,
+    O_FAIL_UNKNOWN,
+    O_SUCC,
+    RATE,
+    RATE_MAX,
+    RATE_5
+),
     #{
         'sql.matched' => MATCH,
         'sql.passed' => PASS,
@@ -60,9 +73,23 @@
         'sql.matched.rate' => RATE,
         'sql.matched.rate.max' => RATE_MAX,
         'sql.matched.rate.last5m' => RATE_5
-    }).
--define(metrics(MATCH, PASS, FAIL, FAIL_EX, FAIL_NORES, O_TOTAL, O_FAIL, O_FAIL_OOS,
-        O_FAIL_UNKNOWN, O_SUCC, RATE, RATE_MAX, RATE_5),
+    }
+).
+-define(metrics(
+    MATCH,
+    PASS,
+    FAIL,
+    FAIL_EX,
+    FAIL_NORES,
+    O_TOTAL,
+    O_FAIL,
+    O_FAIL_OOS,
+    O_FAIL_UNKNOWN,
+    O_SUCC,
+    RATE,
+    RATE_MAX,
+    RATE_5
+),
     #{
         'sql.matched' := MATCH,
         'sql.passed' := PASS,
@@ -77,7 +104,8 @@
         'sql.matched.rate' := RATE,
         'sql.matched.rate.max' := RATE_MAX,
         'sql.matched.rate.last5m' := RATE_5
-    }).
+    }
+).
 
 namespace() -> "rule".
 
@@ -107,7 +135,8 @@ schema("/rules") ->
             summary => <<"List Rules">>,
             responses => #{
                 200 => mk(array(rule_info_schema()), #{desc => ?DESC("desc9")})
-            }},
+            }
+        },
         post => #{
             tags => [<<"rules">>],
             description => ?DESC("api2"),
@@ -116,9 +145,9 @@ schema("/rules") ->
             responses => #{
                 400 => error_schema('BAD_REQUEST', "Invalid Parameters"),
                 201 => rule_info_schema()
-            }}
+            }
+        }
     };
-
 schema("/rule_events") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/rule_events',
@@ -131,7 +160,6 @@ schema("/rule_events") ->
             }
         }
     };
-
 schema("/rules/:id") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/rules/:id',
@@ -166,7 +194,6 @@ schema("/rules/:id") ->
             }
         }
     };
-
 schema("/rules/:id/reset_metrics") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/rules/:id/reset_metrics',
@@ -181,7 +208,6 @@ schema("/rules/:id/reset_metrics") ->
             }
         }
     };
-
 schema("/rule_test") ->
     #{
         'operationId' => '/rule_test',
@@ -206,7 +232,7 @@ param_path_id() ->
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 %% To get around the hocon bug, we replace crlf with spaces
-replace_sql_clrf(#{ <<"sql">> := SQL } = Params) ->
+replace_sql_clrf(#{<<"sql">> := SQL} = Params) ->
     NewSQL = re:replace(SQL, "[\r\n]", " ", [{return, binary}, global]),
     Params#{<<"sql">> => NewSQL}.
 
@@ -216,7 +242,6 @@ replace_sql_clrf(#{ <<"sql">> := SQL } = Params) ->
 '/rules'(get, _Params) ->
     Records = emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_ordered_by_ts(),
     {200, format_rule_resp(Records)};
-
 '/rules'(post, #{body := Params0}) ->
     case maps:get(<<"id">>, Params0, list_to_binary(emqx_misc:gen_id(8))) of
         <<>> ->
@@ -233,20 +258,29 @@ replace_sql_clrf(#{ <<"sql">> := SQL } = Params) ->
                             [Rule] = get_one_rule(AllRules, Id),
                             {201, format_rule_resp(Rule)};
                         {error, Reason} ->
-                            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "create_rule_failed",
-                                        id => Id, reason => Reason}),
+                            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                                msg => "create_rule_failed",
+                                id => Id,
+                                reason => Reason
+                            }),
                             {400, #{code => 'BAD_REQUEST', message => ?ERR_BADARGS(Reason)}}
                     end
             end
     end.
 
 '/rule_test'(post, #{body := Params}) ->
-    ?CHECK_PARAMS(Params, rule_test, case emqx_rule_sqltester:test(CheckedParams) of
-        {ok, Result} -> {200, Result};
-        {error, {parse_error, Reason}} ->
-            {400, #{code => 'BAD_REQUEST', message => err_msg(Reason)}};
-        {error, nomatch} -> {412, #{code => 'NOT_MATCH', message => <<"SQL Not Match">>}}
-    end).
+    ?CHECK_PARAMS(
+        Params,
+        rule_test,
+        case emqx_rule_sqltester:test(CheckedParams) of
+            {ok, Result} ->
+                {200, Result};
+            {error, {parse_error, Reason}} ->
+                {400, #{code => 'BAD_REQUEST', message => err_msg(Reason)}};
+            {error, nomatch} ->
+                {412, #{code => 'NOT_MATCH', message => <<"SQL Not Match">>}}
+        end
+    ).
 
 '/rules/:id'(get, #{bindings := #{id := Id}}) ->
     case emqx_rule_engine:get_rule(Id) of
@@ -255,7 +289,6 @@ replace_sql_clrf(#{ <<"sql">> := SQL } = Params) ->
         not_found ->
             {404, #{code => 'NOT_FOUND', message => <<"Rule Id Not Found">>}}
     end;
-
 '/rules/:id'(put, #{bindings := #{id := Id}, body := Params0}) ->
     Params = filter_out_request_body(Params0),
     ConfPath = emqx_rule_engine:config_key_path() ++ [Id],
@@ -264,25 +297,35 @@ replace_sql_clrf(#{ <<"sql">> := SQL } = Params) ->
             [Rule] = get_one_rule(AllRules, Id),
             {200, format_rule_resp(Rule)};
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "update_rule_failed",
-                           id => Id, reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "update_rule_failed",
+                id => Id,
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             {400, #{code => 'BAD_REQUEST', message => ?ERR_BADARGS(Reason)}}
     end;
-
 '/rules/:id'(delete, #{bindings := #{id := Id}}) ->
     ConfPath = emqx_rule_engine:config_key_path() ++ [Id],
     case emqx_conf:remove(ConfPath, #{override_to => cluster}) of
-        {ok, _} -> {204};
+        {ok, _} ->
+            {204};
         {error, Reason} ->
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "delete_rule_failed",
-                           id => Id, reason => Reason}),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "delete_rule_failed",
+                id => Id,
+                reason => Reason
+            }),
             {500, #{code => 'INTERNAL_ERROR', message => ?ERR_BADARGS(Reason)}}
     end.
 '/rules/:id/reset_metrics'(put, #{bindings := #{id := RuleId}}) ->
     case emqx_rule_engine_proto_v1:reset_metrics(RuleId) of
-        {ok, _TxnId, _Result} -> {200, <<"Reset Success">>};
-        Failed -> {400, #{code => 'BAD_REQUEST',
-                          message => err_msg(Failed)}}
+        {ok, _TxnId, _Result} ->
+            {200, <<"Reset Success">>};
+        Failed ->
+            {400, #{
+                code => 'BAD_REQUEST',
+                message => err_msg(Failed)
+            }}
     end.
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -292,29 +335,31 @@ replace_sql_clrf(#{ <<"sql">> := SQL } = Params) ->
 err_msg(Msg) ->
     list_to_binary(io_lib:format("~0p", [Msg])).
 
-
 format_rule_resp(Rules) when is_list(Rules) ->
     [format_rule_resp(R) || R <- Rules];
-
-format_rule_resp(#{ id := Id, name := Name,
-                    created_at := CreatedAt,
-                    from := Topics,
-                    outputs := Output,
-                    sql := SQL,
-                    enable := Enable,
-                    description := Descr}) ->
+format_rule_resp(#{
+    id := Id,
+    name := Name,
+    created_at := CreatedAt,
+    from := Topics,
+    outputs := Output,
+    sql := SQL,
+    enable := Enable,
+    description := Descr
+}) ->
     NodeMetrics = get_rule_metrics(Id),
-    #{id => Id,
-      name => Name,
-      from => Topics,
-      outputs => format_output(Output),
-      sql => SQL,
-      metrics => aggregate_metrics(NodeMetrics),
-      node_metrics => NodeMetrics,
-      enable => Enable,
-      created_at => format_datetime(CreatedAt, millisecond),
-      description => Descr
-     }.
+    #{
+        id => Id,
+        name => Name,
+        from => Topics,
+        outputs => format_output(Output),
+        sql => SQL,
+        metrics => aggregate_metrics(NodeMetrics),
+        node_metrics => NodeMetrics,
+        enable => Enable,
+        created_at => format_datetime(CreatedAt, millisecond),
+        description => Descr
+    }.
 
 format_datetime(Timestamp, Unit) ->
     list_to_binary(calendar:system_time_to_rfc3339(Timestamp, [{unit, Unit}])).
@@ -323,62 +368,133 @@ format_output(Outputs) ->
     [do_format_output(Out) || Out <- Outputs].
 
 do_format_output(#{mod := Mod, func := Func, args := Args}) ->
-    #{function => printable_function_name(Mod, Func),
-      args => maps:remove(preprocessed_tmpl, Args)};
+    #{
+        function => printable_function_name(Mod, Func),
+        args => maps:remove(preprocessed_tmpl, Args)
+    };
 do_format_output(BridgeChannelId) when is_binary(BridgeChannelId) ->
     BridgeChannelId.
 
 printable_function_name(emqx_rule_outputs, Func) ->
     Func;
 printable_function_name(Mod, Func) ->
-    list_to_binary(lists:concat([Mod,":",Func])).
+    list_to_binary(lists:concat([Mod, ":", Func])).
 
 get_rule_metrics(Id) ->
-    Format = fun (Node, #{
+    Format = fun(
+        Node,
+        #{
             counters :=
-                #{'sql.matched' := Matched, 'sql.passed' := Passed, 'sql.failed' := Failed,
-                 'sql.failed.exception' := FailedEx,
-                 'sql.failed.no_result' := FailedNoRes,
-                 'outputs.total' := OTotal,
-                 'outputs.failed' := OFailed,
-                 'outputs.failed.out_of_service' := OFailedOOS,
-                 'outputs.failed.unknown' := OFailedUnknown,
-                 'outputs.success' := OFailedSucc
-                 },
+                #{
+                    'sql.matched' := Matched,
+                    'sql.passed' := Passed,
+                    'sql.failed' := Failed,
+                    'sql.failed.exception' := FailedEx,
+                    'sql.failed.no_result' := FailedNoRes,
+                    'outputs.total' := OTotal,
+                    'outputs.failed' := OFailed,
+                    'outputs.failed.out_of_service' := OFailedOOS,
+                    'outputs.failed.unknown' := OFailedUnknown,
+                    'outputs.success' := OFailedSucc
+                },
             rate :=
-                #{'sql.matched' :=
-                    #{current := Current, max := Max, last5m := Last5M}
-                 }}) ->
-        #{ metrics => ?METRICS(Matched, Passed, Failed, FailedEx, FailedNoRes,
-            OTotal, OFailed, OFailedOOS, OFailedUnknown, OFailedSucc, Current, Max, Last5M)
-         , node => Node
-         }
+                #{
+                    'sql.matched' :=
+                        #{current := Current, max := Max, last5m := Last5M}
+                }
+        }
+    ) ->
+        #{
+            metrics => ?METRICS(
+                Matched,
+                Passed,
+                Failed,
+                FailedEx,
+                FailedNoRes,
+                OTotal,
+                OFailed,
+                OFailedOOS,
+                OFailedUnknown,
+                OFailedSucc,
+                Current,
+                Max,
+                Last5M
+            ),
+            node => Node
+        }
     end,
-    [Format(Node, emqx_plugin_libs_proto_v1:get_metrics(Node, rule_metrics, Id))
-     || Node <- mria_mnesia:running_nodes()].
+    [
+        Format(Node, emqx_plugin_libs_proto_v1:get_metrics(Node, rule_metrics, Id))
+     || Node <- mria_mnesia:running_nodes()
+    ].
 
 aggregate_metrics(AllMetrics) ->
     InitMetrics = ?METRICS(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
-    lists:foldl(fun
-        (#{metrics := ?metrics(Match1, Passed1, Failed1, FailedEx1, FailedNoRes1,
-             OTotal1, OFailed1, OFailedOOS1, OFailedUnknown1, OFailedSucc1,
-             Rate1, RateMax1, Rate5m1)},
-          ?metrics(Match0, Passed0, Failed0, FailedEx0, FailedNoRes0,
-             OTotal0, OFailed0, OFailedOOS0, OFailedUnknown0, OFailedSucc0,
-             Rate0, RateMax0, Rate5m0)) ->
-        ?METRICS(Match1 + Match0, Passed1 + Passed0, Failed1 + Failed0,
-             FailedEx1 + FailedEx0, FailedNoRes1 + FailedNoRes0,
-             OTotal1 + OTotal0, OFailed1 + OFailed0,
-             OFailedOOS1 + OFailedOOS0,
-             OFailedUnknown1 + OFailedUnknown0,
-             OFailedSucc1 + OFailedSucc0,
-             Rate1 + Rate0, RateMax1 + RateMax0, Rate5m1 + Rate5m0)
-        end, InitMetrics, AllMetrics).
+    lists:foldl(
+        fun(
+            #{
+                metrics := ?metrics(
+                    Match1,
+                    Passed1,
+                    Failed1,
+                    FailedEx1,
+                    FailedNoRes1,
+                    OTotal1,
+                    OFailed1,
+                    OFailedOOS1,
+                    OFailedUnknown1,
+                    OFailedSucc1,
+                    Rate1,
+                    RateMax1,
+                    Rate5m1
+                )
+            },
+            ?metrics(
+                Match0,
+                Passed0,
+                Failed0,
+                FailedEx0,
+                FailedNoRes0,
+                OTotal0,
+                OFailed0,
+                OFailedOOS0,
+                OFailedUnknown0,
+                OFailedSucc0,
+                Rate0,
+                RateMax0,
+                Rate5m0
+            )
+        ) ->
+            ?METRICS(
+                Match1 + Match0,
+                Passed1 + Passed0,
+                Failed1 + Failed0,
+                FailedEx1 + FailedEx0,
+                FailedNoRes1 + FailedNoRes0,
+                OTotal1 + OTotal0,
+                OFailed1 + OFailed0,
+                OFailedOOS1 + OFailedOOS0,
+                OFailedUnknown1 + OFailedUnknown0,
+                OFailedSucc1 + OFailedSucc0,
+                Rate1 + Rate0,
+                RateMax1 + RateMax0,
+                Rate5m1 + Rate5m0
+            )
+        end,
+        InitMetrics,
+        AllMetrics
+    ).
 
 get_one_rule(AllRules, Id) ->
     [R || R = #{id := Id0} <- AllRules, Id0 == Id].
 
 filter_out_request_body(Conf) ->
-    ExtraConfs = [<<"id">>, <<"status">>, <<"node_status">>, <<"node_metrics">>,
-        <<"metrics">>, <<"node">>],
+    ExtraConfs = [
+        <<"id">>,
+        <<"status">>,
+        <<"node_status">>,
+        <<"node_metrics">>,
+        <<"metrics">>,
+        <<"node">>
+    ],
     maps:without(ExtraConfs, Conf).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_schema.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_schema.erl
index 005d78c7f..fd4cb8e6e 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_schema.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_schema.erl
@@ -21,96 +21,140 @@
 
 -behaviour(hocon_schema).
 
--export([ namespace/0
-        , roots/0
-        , fields/1
-        , desc/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    namespace/0,
+    roots/0,
+    fields/1,
+    desc/1
+]).
 
--export([ validate_sql/1
-        ]).
+-export([validate_sql/1]).
 
 namespace() -> rule_engine.
 
 roots() -> ["rule_engine"].
 
 fields("rule_engine") ->
-    [ {ignore_sys_message, sc(boolean(), #{default => true, desc => ?DESC("rule_engine_ignore_sys_message")
-    })}
-    , {rules, sc(hoconsc:map("id", ref("rules")), #{desc => ?DESC("rule_engine_rules"), default => #{}})}
+    [
+        {ignore_sys_message,
+            sc(boolean(), #{default => true, desc => ?DESC("rule_engine_ignore_sys_message")})},
+        {rules,
+            sc(hoconsc:map("id", ref("rules")), #{
+                desc => ?DESC("rule_engine_rules"), default => #{}
+            })}
     ];
-
 fields("rules") ->
-    [ rule_name()
-    , {"sql", sc(binary(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("rules_sql")
-         , example => "SELECT * FROM \"test/topic\" WHERE payload.x = 1"
-         , required => true
-         , validator => fun ?MODULE:validate_sql/1
-         })}
-    , {"outputs", sc(hoconsc:array(hoconsc:union(outputs())),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("rules_outputs")
-        , default => []
-        , example => [
-            <<"http:my_http_bridge">>,
-            #{function => republish, args => #{
-                topic => <<"t/1">>, payload => <<"${payload}">>}},
-            #{function => console}
-          ]
-        })}
-    , {"enable", sc(boolean(), #{desc => ?DESC("rules_enable"), default => true})}
-    , {"description", sc(binary(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("rules_description")
-         , example => "Some description"
-         , default => <<>>
-         })}
+    [
+        rule_name(),
+        {"sql",
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("rules_sql"),
+                    example => "SELECT * FROM \"test/topic\" WHERE payload.x = 1",
+                    required => true,
+                    validator => fun ?MODULE:validate_sql/1
+                }
+            )},
+        {"outputs",
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:array(hoconsc:union(outputs())),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("rules_outputs"),
+                    default => [],
+                    example => [
+                        <<"http:my_http_bridge">>,
+                        #{
+                            function => republish,
+                            args => #{
+                                topic => <<"t/1">>, payload => <<"${payload}">>
+                            }
+                        },
+                        #{function => console}
+                    ]
+                }
+            )},
+        {"enable", sc(boolean(), #{desc => ?DESC("rules_enable"), default => true})},
+        {"description",
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("rules_description"),
+                    example => "Some description",
+                    default => <<>>
+                }
+            )}
     ];
-
 fields("builtin_output_republish") ->
-    [ {function, sc(republish, #{desc => ?DESC("republish_function")})}
-    , {args, sc(ref("republish_args"), #{default => #{}})}
+    [
+        {function, sc(republish, #{desc => ?DESC("republish_function")})},
+        {args, sc(ref("republish_args"), #{default => #{}})}
     ];
-
 fields("builtin_output_console") ->
-    [ {function, sc(console, #{desc => ?DESC("console_function")})}
-    %% we may support some args for the console output in the future
-    %, {args, sc(map(), #{desc => "The arguments of the built-in 'console' output",
-    %    default => #{}})}
+    [
+        {function, sc(console, #{desc => ?DESC("console_function")})}
+        %% we may support some args for the console output in the future
+        %, {args, sc(map(), #{desc => "The arguments of the built-in 'console' output",
+        %    default => #{}})}
     ];
-
 fields("user_provided_function") ->
-    [ {function, sc(binary(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("user_provided_function_function")
-         , required => true
-         , example => "module:function"
-        })}
-    , {args, sc(map(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("user_provided_function_args")
-         , default => #{}
-         })}
+    [
+        {function,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("user_provided_function_function"),
+                    required => true,
+                    example => "module:function"
+                }
+            )},
+        {args,
+            sc(
+                map(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("user_provided_function_args"),
+                    default => #{}
+                }
+            )}
     ];
-
 fields("republish_args") ->
-    [ {topic, sc(binary(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("republish_args_topic")
-          , required => true
-          , example => <<"a/1">>
-          })}
-    , {qos, sc(qos(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("republish_args_qos")
-         , default => <<"${qos}">>
-         , example => <<"${qos}">>
-         })}
-    , {retain, sc(hoconsc:union([binary(), boolean()]),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("republish_args_retain")
-        , default => <<"${retain}">>
-        , example => <<"${retain}">>
-        })}
-    , {payload, sc(binary(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("republish_args_payload")
-         , default => <<"${payload}">>
-         , example => <<"${payload}">>
-         })}
+    [
+        {topic,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("republish_args_topic"),
+                    required => true,
+                    example => <<"a/1">>
+                }
+            )},
+        {qos,
+            sc(
+                qos(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("republish_args_qos"),
+                    default => <<"${qos}">>,
+                    example => <<"${qos}">>
+                }
+            )},
+        {retain,
+            sc(
+                hoconsc:union([binary(), boolean()]),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("republish_args_retain"),
+                    default => <<"${retain}">>,
+                    example => <<"${retain}">>
+                }
+            )},
+        {payload,
+            sc(
+                binary(),
+                #{
+                    desc => ?DESC("republish_args_payload"),
+                    default => <<"${payload}">>,
+                    example => <<"${payload}">>
+                }
+            )}
     ].
 
 desc("rule_engine") ->
@@ -129,18 +173,23 @@ desc(_) ->
     undefined.
 
 rule_name() ->
-    {"name", sc(binary(),
-        #{ desc => ?DESC("rules_name")
-         , default => ""
-         , required => true
-         , example => "foo"
-         })}.
+    {"name",
+        sc(
+            binary(),
+            #{
+                desc => ?DESC("rules_name"),
+                default => "",
+                required => true,
+                example => "foo"
+            }
+        )}.
 
 outputs() ->
-    [ binary()
-    , ref("builtin_output_republish")
-    , ref("builtin_output_console")
-    , ref("user_provided_function")
+    [
+        binary(),
+        ref("builtin_output_republish"),
+        ref("builtin_output_console"),
+        ref("user_provided_function")
     ].
 
 qos() ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_sup.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_sup.erl
index 033e8f04f..621766945 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_sup.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_engine_sup.erl
@@ -28,11 +28,13 @@ start_link() ->
     supervisor:start_link({local, ?MODULE}, ?MODULE, []).
 
 init([]) ->
-    Registry = #{id => emqx_rule_engine,
-                 start => {emqx_rule_engine, start_link, []},
-                 restart => permanent,
-                 shutdown => 5000,
-                 type => worker,
-                 modules => [emqx_rule_engine]},
+    Registry = #{
+        id => emqx_rule_engine,
+        start => {emqx_rule_engine, start_link, []},
+        restart => permanent,
+        shutdown => 5000,
+        type => worker,
+        modules => [emqx_rule_engine]
+    },
     Metrics = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:child_spec(rule_metrics),
     {ok, {{one_for_one, 10, 10}, [Registry, Metrics]}}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_events.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_events.erl
index 91c90f3e2..3070c054e 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_events.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_events.erl
@@ -20,72 +20,82 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/emqx.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
+-export([
+    reload/0,
+    load/1,
+    unload/0,
+    unload/1,
+    event_names/0,
+    event_name/1,
+    event_topic/1,
+    eventmsg_publish/1
+]).
 
--export([ reload/0
-        , load/1
-        , unload/0
-        , unload/1
-        , event_names/0
-        , event_name/1
-        , event_topic/1
-        , eventmsg_publish/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    on_client_connected/3,
+    on_client_disconnected/4,
+    on_client_connack/4,
+    on_client_check_authz_complete/6,
+    on_session_subscribed/4,
+    on_session_unsubscribed/4,
+    on_message_publish/2,
+    on_message_dropped/4,
+    on_message_delivered/3,
+    on_message_acked/3,
+    on_delivery_dropped/4,
+    on_bridge_message_received/2
+]).
 
--export([ on_client_connected/3
-        , on_client_disconnected/4
-        , on_client_connack/4
-        , on_client_check_authz_complete/6
-        , on_session_subscribed/4
-        , on_session_unsubscribed/4
-        , on_message_publish/2
-        , on_message_dropped/4
-        , on_message_delivered/3
-        , on_message_acked/3
-        , on_delivery_dropped/4
-        , on_bridge_message_received/2
-        ]).
-
--export([ event_info/0
-        , columns/1
-        , columns_with_exam/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    event_info/0,
+    columns/1,
+    columns_with_exam/1
+]).
 
 -ifdef(TEST).
--export([ reason/1
-        , hook_fun/1
-        , printable_maps/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    reason/1,
+    hook_fun/1,
+    printable_maps/1
+]).
 -endif.
 
 -elvis([{elvis_style, dont_repeat_yourself, disable}]).
 
 event_names() ->
-    [ 'client.connected'
-    , 'client.disconnected'
-    , 'client.connack'
-    , 'client.check_authz_complete'
-    , 'session.subscribed'
-    , 'session.unsubscribed'
-    , 'message.publish'
-    , 'message.delivered'
-    , 'message.acked'
-    , 'message.dropped'
-    , 'delivery.dropped'
+    [
+        'client.connected',
+        'client.disconnected',
+        'client.connack',
+        'client.check_authz_complete',
+        'session.subscribed',
+        'session.unsubscribed',
+        'message.publish',
+        'message.delivered',
+        'message.acked',
+        'message.dropped',
+        'delivery.dropped'
     ].
 
 reload() ->
-    lists:foreach(fun(Rule) ->
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(Rule) ->
             ok = emqx_rule_engine:load_hooks_for_rule(Rule)
-        end, emqx_rule_engine:get_rules()).
+        end,
+        emqx_rule_engine:get_rules()
+    ).
 
 load(Topic) ->
     HookPoint = event_name(Topic),
     emqx_hooks:put(HookPoint, {?MODULE, hook_fun(HookPoint), [#{event_topic => Topic}]}).
 
 unload() ->
-    lists:foreach(fun(HookPoint) ->
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(HookPoint) ->
             emqx_hooks:del(HookPoint, {?MODULE, hook_fun(HookPoint)})
-        end, event_names()).
+        end,
+        event_names()
+    ).
 
 unload(Topic) ->
     HookPoint = event_name(Topic),
@@ -96,7 +106,8 @@ unload(Topic) ->
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 on_message_publish(Message = #message{topic = Topic}, _Env) ->
     case ignore_sys_message(Message) of
-        true -> ok;
+        true ->
+            ok;
         false ->
             case emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_for_topic(Topic) of
                 [] -> ok;
@@ -109,70 +120,108 @@ on_bridge_message_received(Message, Env = #{event_topic := BridgeTopic}) ->
     apply_event(BridgeTopic, fun() -> with_basic_columns(BridgeTopic, Message) end, Env).
 
 on_client_connected(ClientInfo, ConnInfo, Env) ->
-    apply_event('client.connected',
-        fun() -> eventmsg_connected(ClientInfo, ConnInfo) end, Env).
+    apply_event(
+        'client.connected',
+        fun() -> eventmsg_connected(ClientInfo, ConnInfo) end,
+        Env
+    ).
 
 on_client_connack(ConnInfo, Reason, _, Env) ->
-    apply_event('client.connack',
-                          fun() -> eventmsg_connack(ConnInfo, Reason) end, Env).
+    apply_event(
+        'client.connack',
+        fun() -> eventmsg_connack(ConnInfo, Reason) end,
+        Env
+    ).
 
 on_client_check_authz_complete(ClientInfo, PubSub, Topic, Result, AuthzSource, Env) ->
-    apply_event('client.check_authz_complete',
-                          fun() -> eventmsg_check_authz_complete(ClientInfo,
-                                                               PubSub,
-                                                               Topic,
-                                                               Result,
-                                                               AuthzSource) end, Env).
+    apply_event(
+        'client.check_authz_complete',
+        fun() ->
+            eventmsg_check_authz_complete(
+                ClientInfo,
+                PubSub,
+                Topic,
+                Result,
+                AuthzSource
+            )
+        end,
+        Env
+    ).
 
 on_client_disconnected(ClientInfo, Reason, ConnInfo, Env) ->
-    apply_event('client.disconnected',
-        fun() -> eventmsg_disconnected(ClientInfo, ConnInfo, Reason) end, Env).
+    apply_event(
+        'client.disconnected',
+        fun() -> eventmsg_disconnected(ClientInfo, ConnInfo, Reason) end,
+        Env
+    ).
 
 on_session_subscribed(ClientInfo, Topic, SubOpts, Env) ->
-    apply_event('session.subscribed',
+    apply_event(
+        'session.subscribed',
         fun() ->
             eventmsg_sub_or_unsub('session.subscribed', ClientInfo, Topic, SubOpts)
-        end, Env).
+        end,
+        Env
+    ).
 
 on_session_unsubscribed(ClientInfo, Topic, SubOpts, Env) ->
-    apply_event('session.unsubscribed',
+    apply_event(
+        'session.unsubscribed',
         fun() ->
             eventmsg_sub_or_unsub('session.unsubscribed', ClientInfo, Topic, SubOpts)
-        end, Env).
+        end,
+        Env
+    ).
 
 on_message_dropped(Message, _, Reason, Env) ->
     case ignore_sys_message(Message) of
-        true -> ok;
+        true ->
+            ok;
         false ->
-            apply_event('message.dropped',
-                fun() -> eventmsg_dropped(Message, Reason) end, Env)
+            apply_event(
+                'message.dropped',
+                fun() -> eventmsg_dropped(Message, Reason) end,
+                Env
+            )
     end,
     {ok, Message}.
 
 on_message_delivered(ClientInfo, Message, Env) ->
     case ignore_sys_message(Message) of
-        true -> ok;
+        true ->
+            ok;
         false ->
-            apply_event('message.delivered',
-                fun() -> eventmsg_delivered(ClientInfo, Message) end, Env)
+            apply_event(
+                'message.delivered',
+                fun() -> eventmsg_delivered(ClientInfo, Message) end,
+                Env
+            )
     end,
     {ok, Message}.
 
 on_message_acked(ClientInfo, Message, Env) ->
     case ignore_sys_message(Message) of
-        true -> ok;
+        true ->
+            ok;
         false ->
-            apply_event('message.acked',
-                fun() -> eventmsg_acked(ClientInfo, Message) end, Env)
+            apply_event(
+                'message.acked',
+                fun() -> eventmsg_acked(ClientInfo, Message) end,
+                Env
+            )
     end,
     {ok, Message}.
 
 on_delivery_dropped(ClientInfo, Message, Reason, Env) ->
     case ignore_sys_message(Message) of
-        true -> ok;
+        true ->
+            ok;
         false ->
-            apply_event('delivery.dropped',
-                fun() -> eventmsg_delivery_dropped(ClientInfo, Message, Reason) end, Env)
+            apply_event(
+                'delivery.dropped',
+                fun() -> eventmsg_delivery_dropped(ClientInfo, Message, Reason) end,
+                Env
+            )
     end,
     {ok, Message}.
 
@@ -180,235 +229,335 @@ on_delivery_dropped(ClientInfo, Message, Reason, Env) ->
 %% Event Messages
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-eventmsg_publish(Message = #message{id = Id, from = ClientId, qos = QoS, flags = Flags,
-    topic = Topic, headers = Headers, payload = Payload, timestamp = Timestamp}) ->
-    with_basic_columns('message.publish',
-        #{id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
-          clientid => ClientId,
-          username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
-          payload => Payload,
-          peerhost => ntoa(emqx_message:get_header(peerhost, Message, undefined)),
-          topic => Topic,
-          qos => QoS,
-          flags => Flags,
-          pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
-          %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
-          headers => printable_maps(Headers),
-          publish_received_at => Timestamp
-        }).
+eventmsg_publish(
+    Message = #message{
+        id = Id,
+        from = ClientId,
+        qos = QoS,
+        flags = Flags,
+        topic = Topic,
+        headers = Headers,
+        payload = Payload,
+        timestamp = Timestamp
+    }
+) ->
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'message.publish',
+        #{
+            id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
+            clientid => ClientId,
+            username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
+            payload => Payload,
+            peerhost => ntoa(emqx_message:get_header(peerhost, Message, undefined)),
+            topic => Topic,
+            qos => QoS,
+            flags => Flags,
+            pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
+            %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
+            headers => printable_maps(Headers),
+            publish_received_at => Timestamp
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_connected(_ClientInfo = #{
-                    clientid := ClientId,
-                    username := Username,
-                    is_bridge := IsBridge,
-                    mountpoint := Mountpoint
-                   },
-                   ConnInfo = #{
-                    peername := PeerName,
-                    sockname := SockName,
-                    clean_start := CleanStart,
-                    proto_name := ProtoName,
-                    proto_ver := ProtoVer,
-                    connected_at := ConnectedAt
-                   }) ->
+eventmsg_connected(
+    _ClientInfo = #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        is_bridge := IsBridge,
+        mountpoint := Mountpoint
+    },
+    ConnInfo = #{
+        peername := PeerName,
+        sockname := SockName,
+        clean_start := CleanStart,
+        proto_name := ProtoName,
+        proto_ver := ProtoVer,
+        connected_at := ConnectedAt
+    }
+) ->
     Keepalive = maps:get(keepalive, ConnInfo, 0),
     ConnProps = maps:get(conn_props, ConnInfo, #{}),
     RcvMax = maps:get(receive_maximum, ConnInfo, 0),
     ExpiryInterval = maps:get(expiry_interval, ConnInfo, 0),
-    with_basic_columns('client.connected',
-        #{clientid => ClientId,
-          username => Username,
-          mountpoint => Mountpoint,
-          peername => ntoa(PeerName),
-          sockname => ntoa(SockName),
-          proto_name => ProtoName,
-          proto_ver => ProtoVer,
-          keepalive => Keepalive,
-          clean_start => CleanStart,
-          receive_maximum => RcvMax,
-          expiry_interval => ExpiryInterval div 1000,
-          is_bridge => IsBridge,
-          conn_props => printable_maps(ConnProps),
-          connected_at => ConnectedAt
-        }).
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'client.connected',
+        #{
+            clientid => ClientId,
+            username => Username,
+            mountpoint => Mountpoint,
+            peername => ntoa(PeerName),
+            sockname => ntoa(SockName),
+            proto_name => ProtoName,
+            proto_ver => ProtoVer,
+            keepalive => Keepalive,
+            clean_start => CleanStart,
+            receive_maximum => RcvMax,
+            expiry_interval => ExpiryInterval div 1000,
+            is_bridge => IsBridge,
+            conn_props => printable_maps(ConnProps),
+            connected_at => ConnectedAt
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_disconnected(_ClientInfo = #{
-                       clientid := ClientId,
-                       username := Username
-                      },
-                      ConnInfo = #{
-                        peername := PeerName,
-                        sockname := SockName,
-                        disconnected_at := DisconnectedAt
-                      }, Reason) ->
-    with_basic_columns('client.disconnected',
-        #{reason => reason(Reason),
-          clientid => ClientId,
-          username => Username,
-          peername => ntoa(PeerName),
-          sockname => ntoa(SockName),
-          disconn_props => printable_maps(maps:get(disconn_props, ConnInfo, #{})),
-          disconnected_at => DisconnectedAt
-        }).
+eventmsg_disconnected(
+    _ClientInfo = #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username
+    },
+    ConnInfo = #{
+        peername := PeerName,
+        sockname := SockName,
+        disconnected_at := DisconnectedAt
+    },
+    Reason
+) ->
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'client.disconnected',
+        #{
+            reason => reason(Reason),
+            clientid => ClientId,
+            username => Username,
+            peername => ntoa(PeerName),
+            sockname => ntoa(SockName),
+            disconn_props => printable_maps(maps:get(disconn_props, ConnInfo, #{})),
+            disconnected_at => DisconnectedAt
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_connack(ConnInfo = #{
-                    clientid := ClientId,
-                    clean_start := CleanStart,
-                    username := Username,
-                    peername := PeerName,
-                    sockname := SockName,
-                    proto_name := ProtoName,
-                    proto_ver := ProtoVer
-                   }, Reason) ->
+eventmsg_connack(
+    ConnInfo = #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        clean_start := CleanStart,
+        username := Username,
+        peername := PeerName,
+        sockname := SockName,
+        proto_name := ProtoName,
+        proto_ver := ProtoVer
+    },
+    Reason
+) ->
     Keepalive = maps:get(keepalive, ConnInfo, 0),
     ConnProps = maps:get(conn_props, ConnInfo, #{}),
     ExpiryInterval = maps:get(expiry_interval, ConnInfo, 0),
-    with_basic_columns('client.connack',
-        #{reason_code => reason(Reason),
-          clientid => ClientId,
-          clean_start => CleanStart,
-          username => Username,
-          peername => ntoa(PeerName),
-          sockname => ntoa(SockName),
-          proto_name => ProtoName,
-          proto_ver => ProtoVer,
-          keepalive => Keepalive,
-          expiry_interval => ExpiryInterval,
-          conn_props => printable_maps(ConnProps)
-        }).
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'client.connack',
+        #{
+            reason_code => reason(Reason),
+            clientid => ClientId,
+            clean_start => CleanStart,
+            username => Username,
+            peername => ntoa(PeerName),
+            sockname => ntoa(SockName),
+            proto_name => ProtoName,
+            proto_ver => ProtoVer,
+            keepalive => Keepalive,
+            expiry_interval => ExpiryInterval,
+            conn_props => printable_maps(ConnProps)
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_check_authz_complete(_ClientInfo = #{
-                                            clientid := ClientId,
-                                            username := Username,
-                                            peerhost := PeerHost
-                                           }, PubSub, Topic, Result, AuthzSource) ->
-    with_basic_columns('client.check_authz_complete',
-                       #{clientid => ClientId,
-                         username => Username,
-                         peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
-                         topic    => Topic,
-                         action   => PubSub,
-                         authz_source => AuthzSource,
-                         result   => Result
-                        }).
+eventmsg_check_authz_complete(
+    _ClientInfo = #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        peerhost := PeerHost
+    },
+    PubSub,
+    Topic,
+    Result,
+    AuthzSource
+) ->
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'client.check_authz_complete',
+        #{
+            clientid => ClientId,
+            username => Username,
+            peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
+            topic => Topic,
+            action => PubSub,
+            authz_source => AuthzSource,
+            result => Result
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_sub_or_unsub(Event, _ClientInfo = #{
-                    clientid := ClientId,
-                    username := Username,
-                    peerhost := PeerHost
-                   }, Topic, SubOpts = #{qos := QoS}) ->
+eventmsg_sub_or_unsub(
+    Event,
+    _ClientInfo = #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        peerhost := PeerHost
+    },
+    Topic,
+    SubOpts = #{qos := QoS}
+) ->
     PropKey = sub_unsub_prop_key(Event),
-    with_basic_columns(Event,
-        #{clientid => ClientId,
-          username => Username,
-          peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
-          PropKey => printable_maps(maps:get(PropKey, SubOpts, #{})),
-          topic => Topic,
-          qos => QoS
-        }).
+    with_basic_columns(
+        Event,
+        #{
+            clientid => ClientId,
+            username => Username,
+            peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
+            PropKey => printable_maps(maps:get(PropKey, SubOpts, #{})),
+            topic => Topic,
+            qos => QoS
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_dropped(Message = #message{id = Id, from = ClientId, qos = QoS, flags = Flags,
-    topic = Topic, headers = Headers, payload = Payload, timestamp = Timestamp}, Reason) ->
-    with_basic_columns('message.dropped',
-        #{id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
-          reason => Reason,
-          clientid => ClientId,
-          username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
-          payload => Payload,
-          peerhost => ntoa(emqx_message:get_header(peerhost, Message, undefined)),
-          topic => Topic,
-          qos => QoS,
-          flags => Flags,
-          %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
-          headers => printable_maps(Headers),
-          pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
-          publish_received_at => Timestamp
-        }).
+eventmsg_dropped(
+    Message = #message{
+        id = Id,
+        from = ClientId,
+        qos = QoS,
+        flags = Flags,
+        topic = Topic,
+        headers = Headers,
+        payload = Payload,
+        timestamp = Timestamp
+    },
+    Reason
+) ->
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'message.dropped',
+        #{
+            id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
+            reason => Reason,
+            clientid => ClientId,
+            username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
+            payload => Payload,
+            peerhost => ntoa(emqx_message:get_header(peerhost, Message, undefined)),
+            topic => Topic,
+            qos => QoS,
+            flags => Flags,
+            %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
+            headers => printable_maps(Headers),
+            pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
+            publish_received_at => Timestamp
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_delivered(_ClientInfo = #{
-                    peerhost := PeerHost,
-                    clientid := ReceiverCId,
-                    username := ReceiverUsername
-                  }, Message = #message{id = Id, from = ClientId, qos = QoS, flags = Flags,
-                       topic = Topic, headers = Headers, payload = Payload,
-                       timestamp = Timestamp}) ->
-    with_basic_columns('message.delivered',
-        #{id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
-          from_clientid => ClientId,
-          from_username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
-          clientid => ReceiverCId,
-          username => ReceiverUsername,
-          payload => Payload,
-          peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
-          topic => Topic,
-          qos => QoS,
-          flags => Flags,
-          %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
-          headers => printable_maps(Headers),
-          pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
-          publish_received_at => Timestamp
-        }).
+eventmsg_delivered(
+    _ClientInfo = #{
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        clientid := ReceiverCId,
+        username := ReceiverUsername
+    },
+    Message = #message{
+        id = Id,
+        from = ClientId,
+        qos = QoS,
+        flags = Flags,
+        topic = Topic,
+        headers = Headers,
+        payload = Payload,
+        timestamp = Timestamp
+    }
+) ->
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'message.delivered',
+        #{
+            id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
+            from_clientid => ClientId,
+            from_username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
+            clientid => ReceiverCId,
+            username => ReceiverUsername,
+            payload => Payload,
+            peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
+            topic => Topic,
+            qos => QoS,
+            flags => Flags,
+            %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
+            headers => printable_maps(Headers),
+            pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
+            publish_received_at => Timestamp
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_acked(_ClientInfo = #{
-                    peerhost := PeerHost,
-                    clientid := ReceiverCId,
-                    username := ReceiverUsername
-                  },
-               Message = #message{id = Id, from = ClientId, qos = QoS, flags = Flags,
-                   topic = Topic, headers = Headers, payload = Payload,
-                   timestamp = Timestamp}) ->
-    with_basic_columns('message.acked',
-        #{id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
-          from_clientid => ClientId,
-          from_username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
-          clientid => ReceiverCId,
-          username => ReceiverUsername,
-          payload => Payload,
-          peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
-          topic => Topic,
-          qos => QoS,
-          flags => Flags,
-          %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
-          headers => printable_maps(Headers),
-          pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
-          puback_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(puback_props, Message, #{})),
-          publish_received_at => Timestamp
-        }).
+eventmsg_acked(
+    _ClientInfo = #{
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        clientid := ReceiverCId,
+        username := ReceiverUsername
+    },
+    Message = #message{
+        id = Id,
+        from = ClientId,
+        qos = QoS,
+        flags = Flags,
+        topic = Topic,
+        headers = Headers,
+        payload = Payload,
+        timestamp = Timestamp
+    }
+) ->
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'message.acked',
+        #{
+            id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
+            from_clientid => ClientId,
+            from_username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
+            clientid => ReceiverCId,
+            username => ReceiverUsername,
+            payload => Payload,
+            peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
+            topic => Topic,
+            qos => QoS,
+            flags => Flags,
+            %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
+            headers => printable_maps(Headers),
+            pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
+            puback_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(puback_props, Message, #{})),
+            publish_received_at => Timestamp
+        }
+    ).
 
-eventmsg_delivery_dropped(_ClientInfo = #{
-            peerhost := PeerHost,
-            clientid := ReceiverCId,
-            username := ReceiverUsername
-        },
-        Message = #message{id = Id, from = ClientId, qos = QoS, flags = Flags, topic = Topic,
-            headers = Headers, payload = Payload, timestamp = Timestamp},
-        Reason) ->
-    with_basic_columns('delivery.dropped',
-        #{id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
-        reason => Reason,
-        from_clientid => ClientId,
-        from_username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
-        clientid => ReceiverCId,
-        username => ReceiverUsername,
-        payload => Payload,
-        peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
-        topic => Topic,
-        qos => QoS,
-        flags => Flags,
-        %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
-        headers => printable_maps(Headers),
-        pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
-        publish_received_at => Timestamp
-        }).
+eventmsg_delivery_dropped(
+    _ClientInfo = #{
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        clientid := ReceiverCId,
+        username := ReceiverUsername
+    },
+    Message = #message{
+        id = Id,
+        from = ClientId,
+        qos = QoS,
+        flags = Flags,
+        topic = Topic,
+        headers = Headers,
+        payload = Payload,
+        timestamp = Timestamp
+    },
+    Reason
+) ->
+    with_basic_columns(
+        'delivery.dropped',
+        #{
+            id => emqx_guid:to_hexstr(Id),
+            reason => Reason,
+            from_clientid => ClientId,
+            from_username => emqx_message:get_header(username, Message, undefined),
+            clientid => ReceiverCId,
+            username => ReceiverUsername,
+            payload => Payload,
+            peerhost => ntoa(PeerHost),
+            topic => Topic,
+            qos => QoS,
+            flags => Flags,
+            %% the column 'headers' will be removed in the next major release
+            headers => printable_maps(Headers),
+            pub_props => printable_maps(emqx_message:get_header(properties, Message, #{})),
+            publish_received_at => Timestamp
+        }
+    ).
 
 sub_unsub_prop_key('session.subscribed') -> sub_props;
 sub_unsub_prop_key('session.unsubscribed') -> unsub_props.
 
 with_basic_columns(EventName, Data) when is_map(Data) ->
-    Data#{event => EventName,
-          timestamp => erlang:system_time(millisecond),
-          node => node()
-        }.
+    Data#{
+        event => EventName,
+        timestamp => erlang:system_time(millisecond),
+        node => node()
+    }.
 
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% rules applying
@@ -416,7 +565,8 @@ with_basic_columns(EventName, Data) when is_map(Data) ->
 apply_event(EventName, GenEventMsg, _Env) ->
     EventTopic = event_topic(EventName),
     case emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_for_topic(EventTopic) of
-        [] -> ok;
+        [] ->
+            ok;
         Rules ->
             %% delay the generating of eventmsg after we have found some rules to apply
             emqx_rule_runtime:apply_rules(Rules, GenEventMsg())
@@ -429,18 +579,19 @@ columns(Event) ->
     [Key || {Key, _ExampleVal} <- columns_with_exam(Event)].
 
 event_info() ->
-    [ event_info_message_publish()
-    , event_info_message_deliver()
-    , event_info_message_acked()
-    , event_info_message_dropped()
-    , event_info_client_connected()
-    , event_info_client_disconnected()
-    , event_info_client_connack()
-    , event_info_client_check_authz_complete()
-    , event_info_session_subscribed()
-    , event_info_session_unsubscribed()
-    , event_info_delivery_dropped()
-    , event_info_bridge_mqtt()
+    [
+        event_info_message_publish(),
+        event_info_message_deliver(),
+        event_info_message_acked(),
+        event_info_message_dropped(),
+        event_info_client_connected(),
+        event_info_client_disconnected(),
+        event_info_client_connack(),
+        event_info_client_check_authz_complete(),
+        event_info_session_subscribed(),
+        event_info_session_unsubscribed(),
+        event_info_delivery_dropped(),
+        event_info_bridge_mqtt()
     ].
 
 event_info_message_publish() ->
@@ -469,7 +620,7 @@ event_info_message_dropped() ->
         'message.dropped',
         {<<"message routing-drop">>, <<"消息转发丢弃"/utf8>>},
         {<<"messages are discarded during routing, usually because there are no subscribers">>,
-         <<"消息在转发的过程中被丢弃，一般是由于没有订阅者"/utf8>>},
+            <<"消息在转发的过程中被丢弃，一般是由于没有订阅者"/utf8>>},
         <<"SELECT * FROM \"$events/message_dropped\" WHERE topic =~ 't/#'">>
     ).
 event_info_delivery_dropped() ->
@@ -477,7 +628,7 @@ event_info_delivery_dropped() ->
         'delivery.dropped',
         {<<"message delivery-drop">>, <<"消息投递丢弃"/utf8>>},
         {<<"messages are discarded during delivery, i.e. because the message queue is full">>,
-         <<"消息在投递的过程中被丢弃，比如由于消息队列已满"/utf8>>},
+            <<"消息在投递的过程中被丢弃，比如由于消息队列已满"/utf8>>},
         <<"SELECT * FROM \"$events/delivery_dropped\" WHERE topic =~ 't/#'">>
     ).
 event_info_client_connected() ->
@@ -496,18 +647,18 @@ event_info_client_disconnected() ->
     ).
 event_info_client_connack() ->
     event_info_common(
-      'client.connack',
-      {<<"client connack">>, <<"连接确认"/utf8>>},
-      {<<"client connack">>, <<"连接确认"/utf8>>},
-      <<"SELECT * FROM \"$events/client_connack\"">>
-     ).
+        'client.connack',
+        {<<"client connack">>, <<"连接确认"/utf8>>},
+        {<<"client connack">>, <<"连接确认"/utf8>>},
+        <<"SELECT * FROM \"$events/client_connack\"">>
+    ).
 event_info_client_check_authz_complete() ->
     event_info_common(
-      'client.check_authz_complete',
-      {<<"client check authz complete">>, <<"鉴权结果"/utf8>>},
-      {<<"client check authz complete">>, <<"鉴权结果"/utf8>>},
-      <<"SELECT * FROM \"$events/client_check_authz_complete\"">>
-     ).
+        'client.check_authz_complete',
+        {<<"client check authz complete">>, <<"鉴权结果"/utf8>>},
+        {<<"client check authz complete">>, <<"鉴权结果"/utf8>>},
+        <<"SELECT * FROM \"$events/client_check_authz_complete\"">>
+    ).
 event_info_session_subscribed() ->
     event_info_common(
         'session.subscribed',
@@ -522,7 +673,7 @@ event_info_session_unsubscribed() ->
         {<<"session unsubscribed">>, <<"会话取消订阅完成"/utf8>>},
         <<"SELECT * FROM \"$events/session_unsubscribed\" WHERE topic =~ 't/#'">>
     ).
-event_info_bridge_mqtt()->
+event_info_bridge_mqtt() ->
     event_info_common(
         <<"$bridges/mqtt:*">>,
         {<<"MQTT bridge message">>, <<"MQTT 桥接消息"/utf8>>},
@@ -531,239 +682,255 @@ event_info_bridge_mqtt()->
     ).
 
 event_info_common(Event, {TitleEN, TitleZH}, {DescrEN, DescrZH}, SqlExam) ->
-    #{event => event_topic(Event),
-      title => #{en => TitleEN, zh => TitleZH},
-      description => #{en => DescrEN, zh => DescrZH},
-      test_columns => test_columns(Event),
-      columns => columns(Event),
-      sql_example => SqlExam
+    #{
+        event => event_topic(Event),
+        title => #{en => TitleEN, zh => TitleZH},
+        description => #{en => DescrEN, zh => DescrZH},
+        test_columns => test_columns(Event),
+        columns => columns(Event),
+        sql_example => SqlExam
     }.
 
 test_columns('message.dropped') ->
-    [ {<<"reason">>, [<<"no_subscribers">>, <<"the reason of dropping">>]}
-    ] ++ test_columns('message.publish');
+    [{<<"reason">>, [<<"no_subscribers">>, <<"the reason of dropping">>]}] ++
+        test_columns('message.publish');
 test_columns('message.publish') ->
-    [ {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid of the sender">>]}
-    , {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username of the sender">>]}
-    , {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/a">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]}
-    , {<<"qos">>, [1, <<"the QoS of the MQTT message">>]}
-    , {<<"payload">>, [<<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>, <<"the payload of the MQTT message">>]}
+    [
+        {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid of the sender">>]},
+        {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username of the sender">>]},
+        {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/a">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]},
+        {<<"qos">>, [1, <<"the QoS of the MQTT message">>]},
+        {<<"payload">>, [<<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>, <<"the payload of the MQTT message">>]}
     ];
 test_columns('delivery.dropped') ->
-    [ {<<"reason">>, [<<"queue_full">>, <<"the reason of dropping">>]}
-    ] ++ test_columns('message.delivered');
+    [{<<"reason">>, [<<"queue_full">>, <<"the reason of dropping">>]}] ++
+        test_columns('message.delivered');
 test_columns('message.acked') ->
     test_columns('message.delivered');
 test_columns('message.delivered') ->
-    [ {<<"from_clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx_1">>, <<"the clientid of the sender">>]}
-    , {<<"from_username">>, [<<"u_emqx_1">>, <<"the username of the sender">>]}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx_2">>, <<"the clientid of the receiver">>]}
-    , {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx_2">>, <<"the username of the receiver">>]}
-    , {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/a">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]}
-    , {<<"qos">>, [1, <<"the QoS of the MQTT message">>]}
-    , {<<"payload">>, [<<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>, <<"the payload of the MQTT message">>]}
+    [
+        {<<"from_clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx_1">>, <<"the clientid of the sender">>]},
+        {<<"from_username">>, [<<"u_emqx_1">>, <<"the username of the sender">>]},
+        {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx_2">>, <<"the clientid of the receiver">>]},
+        {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx_2">>, <<"the username of the receiver">>]},
+        {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/a">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]},
+        {<<"qos">>, [1, <<"the QoS of the MQTT message">>]},
+        {<<"payload">>, [<<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>, <<"the payload of the MQTT message">>]}
     ];
 test_columns('client.connected') ->
-    [ {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"peername">>, [<<"127.0.0.1:52918">>, <<"the IP address and port of the client">>]}
+    [
+        {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]},
+        {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]},
+        {<<"peername">>, [<<"127.0.0.1:52918">>, <<"the IP address and port of the client">>]}
     ];
 test_columns('client.disconnected') ->
-    [ {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"reason">>, [<<"normal">>, <<"the reason for shutdown">>]}
+    [
+        {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]},
+        {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]},
+        {<<"reason">>, [<<"normal">>, <<"the reason for shutdown">>]}
     ];
 test_columns('client.connack') ->
-    [ {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"reason_code">>, [<<"sucess">>, <<"the reason code">>]}
+    [
+        {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]},
+        {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]},
+        {<<"reason_code">>, [<<"sucess">>, <<"the reason code">>]}
     ];
 test_columns('client.check_authz_complete') ->
-    [ {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"topic">>,    [<<"t/1">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]}
-    , {<<"action">>,   [<<"publish">>, <<"the action of publish or subscribe">>]}
-    , {<<"result">>,   [<<"allow">>,<<"the authz check complete result">>]}
+    [
+        {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]},
+        {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]},
+        {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/1">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]},
+        {<<"action">>, [<<"publish">>, <<"the action of publish or subscribe">>]},
+        {<<"result">>, [<<"allow">>, <<"the authz check complete result">>]}
     ];
 test_columns('session.unsubscribed') ->
     test_columns('session.subscribed');
 test_columns('session.subscribed') ->
-    [ {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]}
-    , {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/a">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]}
-    , {<<"qos">>, [1, <<"the QoS of the MQTT message">>]}
+    [
+        {<<"clientid">>, [<<"c_emqx">>, <<"the clientid if the client">>]},
+        {<<"username">>, [<<"u_emqx">>, <<"the username if the client">>]},
+        {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/a">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]},
+        {<<"qos">>, [1, <<"the QoS of the MQTT message">>]}
     ];
 test_columns(<<"$bridges/mqtt", _/binary>>) ->
-    [ {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/a">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]}
-    , {<<"qos">>, [1, <<"the QoS of the MQTT message">>]}
-    , {<<"payload">>, [<<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>, <<"the payload of the MQTT message">>]}
+    [
+        {<<"topic">>, [<<"t/a">>, <<"the topic of the MQTT message">>]},
+        {<<"qos">>, [1, <<"the QoS of the MQTT message">>]},
+        {<<"payload">>, [<<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>, <<"the payload of the MQTT message">>]}
     ].
 
 columns_with_exam('message.publish') ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, 'message.publish'}
-    , {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>}
-    , {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>}
-    , {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>}
-    , {<<"qos">>, 1}
-    , {<<"flags">>, #{}}
-    , {<<"headers">>, undefined}
-    , {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , columns_example_props(pub_props)
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, 'message.publish'},
+        {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>},
+        {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>},
+        {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>},
+        {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>},
+        {<<"qos">>, 1},
+        {<<"flags">>, #{}},
+        {<<"headers">>, undefined},
+        {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        columns_example_props(pub_props),
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ];
 columns_with_exam('message.delivered') ->
     columns_message_ack_delivered('message.delivered');
 columns_with_exam('message.acked') ->
-    [ columns_example_props(puback_props)
-    ] ++
-    columns_message_ack_delivered('message.acked');
+    [columns_example_props(puback_props)] ++
+        columns_message_ack_delivered('message.acked');
 columns_with_exam('message.dropped') ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, 'message.dropped'}
-    , {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())}
-    , {<<"reason">>, no_subscribers}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>}
-    , {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>}
-    , {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>}
-    , {<<"qos">>, 1}
-    , {<<"flags">>, #{}}
-    , {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , columns_example_props(pub_props)
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, 'message.dropped'},
+        {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())},
+        {<<"reason">>, no_subscribers},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>},
+        {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>},
+        {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>},
+        {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>},
+        {<<"qos">>, 1},
+        {<<"flags">>, #{}},
+        {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        columns_example_props(pub_props),
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ];
 columns_with_exam('delivery.dropped') ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, 'delivery.dropped'}
-    , {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())}
-    , {<<"reason">>, queue_full}
-    , {<<"from_clientid">>, <<"c_emqx_1">>}
-    , {<<"from_username">>, <<"u_emqx_1">>}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx_2">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx_2">>}
-    , {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>}
-    , {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>}
-    , {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>}
-    , {<<"qos">>, 1}
-    , {<<"flags">>, #{}}
-    , columns_example_props(pub_props)
-    , {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, 'delivery.dropped'},
+        {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())},
+        {<<"reason">>, queue_full},
+        {<<"from_clientid">>, <<"c_emqx_1">>},
+        {<<"from_username">>, <<"u_emqx_1">>},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx_2">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx_2">>},
+        {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>},
+        {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>},
+        {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>},
+        {<<"qos">>, 1},
+        {<<"flags">>, #{}},
+        columns_example_props(pub_props),
+        {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ];
 columns_with_exam('client.connected') ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, 'client.connected'}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"mountpoint">>, undefined}
-    , {<<"peername">>, <<"192.168.0.10:56431">>}
-    , {<<"sockname">>, <<"0.0.0.0:1883">>}
-    , {<<"proto_name">>, <<"MQTT">>}
-    , {<<"proto_ver">>, 5}
-    , {<<"keepalive">>, 60}
-    , {<<"clean_start">>, true}
-    , {<<"expiry_interval">>, 3600}
-    , {<<"is_bridge">>, false}
-    , columns_example_props(conn_props)
-    , {<<"connected_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, 'client.connected'},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>},
+        {<<"mountpoint">>, undefined},
+        {<<"peername">>, <<"192.168.0.10:56431">>},
+        {<<"sockname">>, <<"0.0.0.0:1883">>},
+        {<<"proto_name">>, <<"MQTT">>},
+        {<<"proto_ver">>, 5},
+        {<<"keepalive">>, 60},
+        {<<"clean_start">>, true},
+        {<<"expiry_interval">>, 3600},
+        {<<"is_bridge">>, false},
+        columns_example_props(conn_props),
+        {<<"connected_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ];
 columns_with_exam('client.disconnected') ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, 'client.disconnected'}
-    , {<<"reason">>, normal}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"peername">>, <<"192.168.0.10:56431">>}
-    , {<<"sockname">>, <<"0.0.0.0:1883">>}
-    , columns_example_props(disconn_props)
-    , {<<"disconnected_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, 'client.disconnected'},
+        {<<"reason">>, normal},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>},
+        {<<"peername">>, <<"192.168.0.10:56431">>},
+        {<<"sockname">>, <<"0.0.0.0:1883">>},
+        columns_example_props(disconn_props),
+        {<<"disconnected_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ];
 columns_with_exam('client.connack') ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, 'client.connected'}
-    , {<<"reason_code">>, success}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"peername">>, <<"192.168.0.10:56431">>}
-    , {<<"sockname">>, <<"0.0.0.0:1883">>}
-    , {<<"proto_name">>, <<"MQTT">>}
-    , {<<"proto_ver">>, 5}
-    , {<<"keepalive">>, 60}
-    , {<<"clean_start">>, true}
-    , {<<"expiry_interval">>, 3600}
-    , {<<"connected_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , columns_example_props(conn_props)
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, 'client.connected'},
+        {<<"reason_code">>, success},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>},
+        {<<"peername">>, <<"192.168.0.10:56431">>},
+        {<<"sockname">>, <<"0.0.0.0:1883">>},
+        {<<"proto_name">>, <<"MQTT">>},
+        {<<"proto_ver">>, 5},
+        {<<"keepalive">>, 60},
+        {<<"clean_start">>, true},
+        {<<"expiry_interval">>, 3600},
+        {<<"connected_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        columns_example_props(conn_props),
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ];
 columns_with_exam('client.check_authz_complete') ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, 'client.check_authz_complete'}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>}
-    , {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>}
-    , {<<"action">>, <<"publish">>}
-    , {<<"authz_source">>, <<"cache">>}
-    , {<<"result">>, <<"allow">>}
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, 'client.check_authz_complete'},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>},
+        {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>},
+        {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>},
+        {<<"action">>, <<"publish">>},
+        {<<"authz_source">>, <<"cache">>},
+        {<<"result">>, <<"allow">>},
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ];
 columns_with_exam('session.subscribed') ->
-    [ columns_example_props(sub_props)
-    ] ++ columns_message_sub_unsub('session.subscribed');
+    [columns_example_props(sub_props)] ++ columns_message_sub_unsub('session.subscribed');
 columns_with_exam('session.unsubscribed') ->
-    [ columns_example_props(unsub_props)
-    ] ++ columns_message_sub_unsub('session.unsubscribed');
+    [columns_example_props(unsub_props)] ++ columns_message_sub_unsub('session.unsubscribed');
 columns_with_exam(<<"$bridges/mqtt", _/binary>> = EventName) ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, EventName}
-    , {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())}
-    , {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>}
-    , {<<"server">>, <<"192.168.0.10:1883">>}
-    , {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>}
-    , {<<"qos">>, 1}
-    , {<<"dup">>, false}
-    , {<<"retain">>, false}
-    , columns_example_props(pub_props)
-    %% the time that we receiced the message from remote broker
-    , {<<"message_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    %% the time that the rule is triggered
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, EventName},
+        {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())},
+        {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>},
+        {<<"server">>, <<"192.168.0.10:1883">>},
+        {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>},
+        {<<"qos">>, 1},
+        {<<"dup">>, false},
+        {<<"retain">>, false},
+        columns_example_props(pub_props),
+        %% the time that we receiced the message from remote broker
+        {<<"message_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        %% the time that the rule is triggered
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ].
 
 columns_message_sub_unsub(EventName) ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, EventName}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>}
-    , {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>}
-    , {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>}
-    , {<<"qos">>, 1}
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, EventName},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx">>},
+        {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>},
+        {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>},
+        {<<"qos">>, 1},
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ].
 
 columns_message_ack_delivered(EventName) ->
-    [ {<<"event">>, EventName}
-    , {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())}
-    , {<<"from_clientid">>, <<"c_emqx_1">>}
-    , {<<"from_username">>, <<"u_emqx_1">>}
-    , {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx_2">>}
-    , {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx_2">>}
-    , {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>}
-    , {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>}
-    , {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>}
-    , {<<"qos">>, 1}
-    , {<<"flags">>, #{}}
-    , {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , columns_example_props(pub_props)
-    , {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)}
-    , {<<"node">>, node()}
+    [
+        {<<"event">>, EventName},
+        {<<"id">>, emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_guid:gen())},
+        {<<"from_clientid">>, <<"c_emqx_1">>},
+        {<<"from_username">>, <<"u_emqx_1">>},
+        {<<"clientid">>, <<"c_emqx_2">>},
+        {<<"username">>, <<"u_emqx_2">>},
+        {<<"payload">>, <<"{\"msg\": \"hello\"}">>},
+        {<<"peerhost">>, <<"192.168.0.10">>},
+        {<<"topic">>, <<"t/a">>},
+        {<<"qos">>, 1},
+        {<<"flags">>, #{}},
+        {<<"publish_received_at">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        columns_example_props(pub_props),
+        {<<"timestamp">>, erlang:system_time(millisecond)},
+        {<<"node">>, node()}
     ].
 
 columns_example_props(PropType) ->
@@ -777,21 +944,23 @@ columns_example_props(PropType) ->
     {PropType, maps:merge(Props, UserProps)}.
 
 columns_example_props_specific(pub_props) ->
-    #{ 'Payload-Format-Indicator' => 0
-     , 'Message-Expiry-Interval' => 30
-     };
+    #{
+        'Payload-Format-Indicator' => 0,
+        'Message-Expiry-Interval' => 30
+    };
 columns_example_props_specific(puback_props) ->
-    #{ 'Reason-String' => <<"OK">>
-     };
+    #{'Reason-String' => <<"OK">>};
 columns_example_props_specific(conn_props) ->
-    #{ 'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 7200
-     , 'Receive-Maximum' => 32
-     };
+    #{
+        'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 7200,
+        'Receive-Maximum' => 32
+    };
 columns_example_props_specific(disconn_props) ->
-    #{ 'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 7200
-     , 'Reason-String' => <<"Redirect to another server">>
-     , 'Server Reference' => <<"192.168.22.129">>
-     };
+    #{
+        'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 7200,
+        'Reason-String' => <<"Redirect to another server">>,
+        'Server Reference' => <<"192.168.22.129">>
+    };
 columns_example_props_specific(sub_props) ->
     #{};
 columns_example_props_specific(unsub_props) ->
@@ -817,19 +986,15 @@ reason({Error, _}) when is_atom(Error) -> Error;
 reason(_) -> internal_error.
 
 ntoa(undefined) -> undefined;
-ntoa({IpAddr, Port}) ->
-    iolist_to_binary([inet:ntoa(IpAddr), ":", integer_to_list(Port)]);
-ntoa(IpAddr) ->
-    iolist_to_binary(inet:ntoa(IpAddr)).
+ntoa({IpAddr, Port}) -> iolist_to_binary([inet:ntoa(IpAddr), ":", integer_to_list(Port)]);
+ntoa(IpAddr) -> iolist_to_binary(inet:ntoa(IpAddr)).
 
 event_name(<<"$events/client_connected", _/binary>>) -> 'client.connected';
 event_name(<<"$events/client_disconnected", _/binary>>) -> 'client.disconnected';
 event_name(<<"$events/client_connack", _/binary>>) -> 'client.connack';
-event_name(<<"$events/client_check_authz_complete", _/binary>>) ->
-    'client.check_authz_complete';
+event_name(<<"$events/client_check_authz_complete", _/binary>>) -> 'client.check_authz_complete';
 event_name(<<"$events/session_subscribed", _/binary>>) -> 'session.subscribed';
-event_name(<<"$events/session_unsubscribed", _/binary>>) ->
-    'session.unsubscribed';
+event_name(<<"$events/session_unsubscribed", _/binary>>) -> 'session.unsubscribed';
 event_name(<<"$events/message_delivered", _/binary>>) -> 'message.delivered';
 event_name(<<"$events/message_acked", _/binary>>) -> 'message.acked';
 event_name(<<"$events/message_dropped", _/binary>>) -> 'message.dropped';
@@ -840,8 +1005,7 @@ event_name(_) -> 'message.publish'.
 event_topic('client.connected') -> <<"$events/client_connected">>;
 event_topic('client.disconnected') -> <<"$events/client_disconnected">>;
 event_topic('client.connack') -> <<"$events/client_connack">>;
-event_topic('client.check_authz_complete') ->
-    <<"$events/client_check_authz_complete">>;
+event_topic('client.check_authz_complete') -> <<"$events/client_check_authz_complete">>;
 event_topic('session.subscribed') -> <<"$events/session_subscribed">>;
 event_topic('session.unsubscribed') -> <<"$events/session_unsubscribed">>;
 event_topic('message.delivered') -> <<"$events/message_delivered">>;
@@ -851,10 +1015,12 @@ event_topic('delivery.dropped') -> <<"$events/delivery_dropped">>;
 event_topic('message.publish') -> <<"$events/message_publish">>;
 event_topic(<<"$bridges/", _/binary>> = Topic) -> Topic.
 
-printable_maps(undefined) -> #{};
+printable_maps(undefined) ->
+    #{};
 printable_maps(Headers) ->
     maps:fold(
-        fun (K, V0, AccIn) when K =:= peerhost; K =:= peername; K =:= sockname ->
+        fun
+            (K, V0, AccIn) when K =:= peerhost; K =:= peername; K =:= sockname ->
                 AccIn#{K => ntoa(V0)};
             ('User-Property', V0, AccIn) when is_list(V0) ->
                 AccIn#{
@@ -863,15 +1029,22 @@ printable_maps(Headers) ->
                     %% However, this does not allow duplicate property keys. To allow
                     %% duplicate keys, we have to use the 'User-Property-Pairs' field instead.
                     'User-Property' => maps:from_list(V0),
-                    'User-Property-Pairs' => [#{
-                        key => Key,
-                        value => Value
-                     } || {Key, Value} <- V0]
+                    'User-Property-Pairs' => [
+                        #{
+                            key => Key,
+                            value => Value
+                        }
+                     || {Key, Value} <- V0
+                    ]
                 };
-            (K, V0, AccIn) -> AccIn#{K => V0}
-        end, #{}, Headers).
+            (K, V0, AccIn) ->
+                AccIn#{K => V0}
+        end,
+        #{},
+        Headers
+    ).
 
 ignore_sys_message(#message{flags = Flags}) ->
     ConfigRootKey = emqx_rule_engine_schema:namespace(),
     maps:get(sys, Flags, false) andalso
-      emqx:get_config([ConfigRootKey, ignore_sys_message]).
+        emqx:get_config([ConfigRootKey, ignore_sys_message]).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_funcs.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_funcs.erl
index e7f5da52f..1c887327c 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_funcs.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_funcs.erl
@@ -21,257 +21,303 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
 %% IoT Funcs
--export([ msgid/0
-        , qos/0
-        , flags/0
-        , flag/1
-        , topic/0
-        , topic/1
-        , clientid/0
-        , clientip/0
-        , peerhost/0
-        , username/0
-        , payload/0
-        , payload/1
-        , contains_topic/2
-        , contains_topic/3
-        , contains_topic_match/2
-        , contains_topic_match/3
-        , null/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    msgid/0,
+    qos/0,
+    flags/0,
+    flag/1,
+    topic/0,
+    topic/1,
+    clientid/0,
+    clientip/0,
+    peerhost/0,
+    username/0,
+    payload/0,
+    payload/1,
+    contains_topic/2,
+    contains_topic/3,
+    contains_topic_match/2,
+    contains_topic_match/3,
+    null/0
+]).
 
 %% Arithmetic Funcs
--export([ '+'/2
-        , '-'/2
-        , '*'/2
-        , '/'/2
-        , 'div'/2
-        , mod/2
-        , eq/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    '+'/2,
+    '-'/2,
+    '*'/2,
+    '/'/2,
+    'div'/2,
+    mod/2,
+    eq/2
+]).
 
 %% Math Funcs
--export([ abs/1
-        , acos/1
-        , acosh/1
-        , asin/1
-        , asinh/1
-        , atan/1
-        , atanh/1
-        , ceil/1
-        , cos/1
-        , cosh/1
-        , exp/1
-        , floor/1
-        , fmod/2
-        , log/1
-        , log10/1
-        , log2/1
-        , power/2
-        , round/1
-        , sin/1
-        , sinh/1
-        , sqrt/1
-        , tan/1
-        , tanh/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    abs/1,
+    acos/1,
+    acosh/1,
+    asin/1,
+    asinh/1,
+    atan/1,
+    atanh/1,
+    ceil/1,
+    cos/1,
+    cosh/1,
+    exp/1,
+    floor/1,
+    fmod/2,
+    log/1,
+    log10/1,
+    log2/1,
+    power/2,
+    round/1,
+    sin/1,
+    sinh/1,
+    sqrt/1,
+    tan/1,
+    tanh/1
+]).
 
 %% Bits Funcs
--export([ bitnot/1
-        , bitand/2
-        , bitor/2
-        , bitxor/2
-        , bitsl/2
-        , bitsr/2
-        , bitsize/1
-        , subbits/2
-        , subbits/3
-        , subbits/6
-        ]).
+-export([
+    bitnot/1,
+    bitand/2,
+    bitor/2,
+    bitxor/2,
+    bitsl/2,
+    bitsr/2,
+    bitsize/1,
+    subbits/2,
+    subbits/3,
+    subbits/6
+]).
 
 %% Data Type Conversion
--export([ str/1
-        , str_utf8/1
-        , bool/1
-        , int/1
-        , float/1
-        , float/2
-        , map/1
-        , bin2hexstr/1
-        , hexstr2bin/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    str/1,
+    str_utf8/1,
+    bool/1,
+    int/1,
+    float/1,
+    float/2,
+    map/1,
+    bin2hexstr/1,
+    hexstr2bin/1
+]).
 
 %% Data Type Validation Funcs
--export([ is_null/1
-        , is_not_null/1
-        , is_str/1
-        , is_bool/1
-        , is_int/1
-        , is_float/1
-        , is_num/1
-        , is_map/1
-        , is_array/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    is_null/1,
+    is_not_null/1,
+    is_str/1,
+    is_bool/1,
+    is_int/1,
+    is_float/1,
+    is_num/1,
+    is_map/1,
+    is_array/1
+]).
 
 %% String Funcs
--export([ lower/1
-        , ltrim/1
-        , reverse/1
-        , rtrim/1
-        , strlen/1
-        , substr/2
-        , substr/3
-        , trim/1
-        , upper/1
-        , split/2
-        , split/3
-        , concat/2
-        , tokens/2
-        , tokens/3
-        , sprintf_s/2
-        , pad/2
-        , pad/3
-        , pad/4
-        , replace/3
-        , replace/4
-        , regex_match/2
-        , regex_replace/3
-        , ascii/1
-        , find/2
-        , find/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    lower/1,
+    ltrim/1,
+    reverse/1,
+    rtrim/1,
+    strlen/1,
+    substr/2,
+    substr/3,
+    trim/1,
+    upper/1,
+    split/2,
+    split/3,
+    concat/2,
+    tokens/2,
+    tokens/3,
+    sprintf_s/2,
+    pad/2,
+    pad/3,
+    pad/4,
+    replace/3,
+    replace/4,
+    regex_match/2,
+    regex_replace/3,
+    ascii/1,
+    find/2,
+    find/3
+]).
 
 %% Map Funcs
--export([ map_new/0
-        ]).
+-export([map_new/0]).
 
--export([ map_get/2
-        , map_get/3
-        , map_put/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    map_get/2,
+    map_get/3,
+    map_put/3
+]).
 
 %% For backward compatibility
--export([ mget/2
-        , mget/3
-        , mput/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    mget/2,
+    mget/3,
+    mput/3
+]).
 
 %% Array Funcs
--export([ nth/2
-        , length/1
-        , sublist/2
-        , sublist/3
-        , first/1
-        , last/1
-        , contains/2
-        ]).
+-export([
+    nth/2,
+    length/1,
+    sublist/2,
+    sublist/3,
+    first/1,
+    last/1,
+    contains/2
+]).
 
 %% Hash Funcs
--export([ md5/1
-        , sha/1
-        , sha256/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    md5/1,
+    sha/1,
+    sha256/1
+]).
 
 %% Data encode and decode
--export([ base64_encode/1
-        , base64_decode/1
-        , json_decode/1
-        , json_encode/1
-        , term_decode/1
-        , term_encode/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    base64_encode/1,
+    base64_decode/1,
+    json_decode/1,
+    json_encode/1,
+    term_decode/1,
+    term_encode/1
+]).
 
 %% Date functions
--export([ now_rfc3339/0
-        , now_rfc3339/1
-        , unix_ts_to_rfc3339/1
-        , unix_ts_to_rfc3339/2
-        , rfc3339_to_unix_ts/1
-        , rfc3339_to_unix_ts/2
-        , now_timestamp/0
-        , now_timestamp/1
-        , format_date/3
-        , format_date/4
-        , date_to_unix_ts/4
-        ]).
+-export([
+    now_rfc3339/0,
+    now_rfc3339/1,
+    unix_ts_to_rfc3339/1,
+    unix_ts_to_rfc3339/2,
+    rfc3339_to_unix_ts/1,
+    rfc3339_to_unix_ts/2,
+    now_timestamp/0,
+    now_timestamp/1,
+    format_date/3,
+    format_date/4,
+    date_to_unix_ts/4
+]).
 
 %% Proc Dict Func
- -export([ proc_dict_get/1
-         , proc_dict_put/2
-         , proc_dict_del/1
-         , kv_store_get/1
-         , kv_store_get/2
-         , kv_store_put/2
-         , kv_store_del/1
-         ]).
+-export([
+    proc_dict_get/1,
+    proc_dict_put/2,
+    proc_dict_del/1,
+    kv_store_get/1,
+    kv_store_get/2,
+    kv_store_put/2,
+    kv_store_del/1
+]).
 
 -export(['$handle_undefined_function'/2]).
 
--compile({no_auto_import,
-          [ abs/1
-          , ceil/1
-          , floor/1
-          , round/1
-          , map_get/2
-          ]}).
+-compile(
+    {no_auto_import, [
+        abs/1,
+        ceil/1,
+        floor/1,
+        round/1,
+        map_get/2
+    ]}
+).
 
 -define(is_var(X), is_binary(X)).
 
 %% @doc "msgid()" Func
 msgid() ->
-    fun(#{id := MsgId}) -> MsgId; (_) -> undefined end.
+    fun
+        (#{id := MsgId}) -> MsgId;
+        (_) -> undefined
+    end.
 
 %% @doc "qos()" Func
 qos() ->
-    fun(#{qos := QoS}) -> QoS; (_) -> undefined end.
+    fun
+        (#{qos := QoS}) -> QoS;
+        (_) -> undefined
+    end.
 
 %% @doc "topic()" Func
 topic() ->
-    fun(#{topic := Topic}) -> Topic; (_) -> undefined end.
+    fun
+        (#{topic := Topic}) -> Topic;
+        (_) -> undefined
+    end.
 
 %% @doc "topic(N)" Func
 topic(I) when is_integer(I) ->
-    fun(#{topic := Topic}) ->
+    fun
+        (#{topic := Topic}) ->
             lists:nth(I, emqx_topic:tokens(Topic));
-       (_) -> undefined
+        (_) ->
+            undefined
     end.
 
 %% @doc "flags()" Func
 flags() ->
-    fun(#{flags := Flags}) -> Flags; (_) -> #{} end.
+    fun
+        (#{flags := Flags}) -> Flags;
+        (_) -> #{}
+    end.
 
 %% @doc "flags(Name)" Func
 flag(Name) ->
-    fun(#{flags := Flags}) -> emqx_rule_maps:nested_get({var,Name}, Flags); (_) -> undefined end.
+    fun
+        (#{flags := Flags}) -> emqx_rule_maps:nested_get({var, Name}, Flags);
+        (_) -> undefined
+    end.
 
 %% @doc "clientid()" Func
 clientid() ->
-    fun(#{from := ClientId}) -> ClientId; (_) -> undefined end.
+    fun
+        (#{from := ClientId}) -> ClientId;
+        (_) -> undefined
+    end.
 
 %% @doc "username()" Func
 username() ->
-    fun(#{username := Username}) -> Username; (_) -> undefined end.
+    fun
+        (#{username := Username}) -> Username;
+        (_) -> undefined
+    end.
 
 %% @doc "clientip()" Func
 clientip() ->
     peerhost().
 
 peerhost() ->
-    fun(#{peerhost := Addr}) -> Addr; (_) -> undefined end.
+    fun
+        (#{peerhost := Addr}) -> Addr;
+        (_) -> undefined
+    end.
 
 payload() ->
-    fun(#{payload := Payload}) -> Payload; (_) -> undefined end.
+    fun
+        (#{payload := Payload}) -> Payload;
+        (_) -> undefined
+    end.
 
 payload(Path) ->
-    fun(#{payload := Payload}) when erlang:is_map(Payload) ->
+    fun
+        (#{payload := Payload}) when erlang:is_map(Payload) ->
             emqx_rule_maps:nested_get(map_path(Path), Payload);
-       (_) -> undefined
+        (_) ->
+            undefined
     end.
 
 %% @doc Check if a topic_filter contains a specific topic
 %% TopicFilters = [{<<"t/a">>, #{qos => 0}].
--spec(contains_topic(emqx_types:topic_filters(), emqx_types:topic())
-        -> true | false).
+-spec contains_topic(emqx_types:topic_filters(), emqx_types:topic()) ->
+    true | false.
 contains_topic(TopicFilters, Topic) ->
     case find_topic_filter(Topic, TopicFilters, fun eq/2) of
         not_found -> false;
@@ -283,8 +329,8 @@ contains_topic(TopicFilters, Topic, QoS) ->
         _ -> false
     end.
 
--spec(contains_topic_match(emqx_types:topic_filters(), emqx_types:topic())
-        -> true | false).
+-spec contains_topic_match(emqx_types:topic_filters(), emqx_types:topic()) ->
+    true | false.
 contains_topic_match(TopicFilters, Topic) ->
     case find_topic_filter(Topic, TopicFilters, fun emqx_topic:match/2) of
         not_found -> false;
@@ -298,10 +344,13 @@ contains_topic_match(TopicFilters, Topic, QoS) ->
 
 find_topic_filter(Filter, TopicFilters, Func) ->
     try
-        [case Func(Topic, Filter) of
-            true -> throw(Result);
-            false -> ok
-         end || Result = #{topic := Topic} <- TopicFilters],
+        [
+            case Func(Topic, Filter) of
+                true -> throw(Result);
+                false -> ok
+            end
+         || Result = #{topic := Topic} <- TopicFilters
+        ],
         not_found
     catch
         throw:Result -> Result
@@ -317,7 +366,6 @@ null() ->
 %% plus 2 numbers
 '+'(X, Y) when is_number(X), is_number(Y) ->
     X + Y;
-
 %% string concatenation
 %% this requires one of the arguments is string, the other argument will be converted
 %% to string automatically (implicit conversion)
@@ -355,7 +403,7 @@ acos(N) when is_number(N) ->
 acosh(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:acosh(N).
 
-asin(N) when is_number(N)->
+asin(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:asin(N).
 
 asinh(N) when is_number(N) ->
@@ -364,19 +412,19 @@ asinh(N) when is_number(N) ->
 atan(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:atan(N).
 
-atanh(N) when is_number(N)->
+atanh(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:atanh(N).
 
 ceil(N) when is_number(N) ->
     erlang:ceil(N).
 
-cos(N) when is_number(N)->
+cos(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:cos(N).
 
 cosh(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:cosh(N).
 
-exp(N) when is_number(N)->
+exp(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:exp(N).
 
 floor(N) when is_number(N) ->
@@ -391,7 +439,7 @@ log(N) when is_number(N) ->
 log10(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:log10(N).
 
-log2(N) when is_number(N)->
+log2(N) when is_number(N) ->
     math:log2(N).
 
 power(X, Y) when is_number(X), is_number(Y) ->
@@ -446,7 +494,9 @@ subbits(Bits, Len) when is_integer(Len), is_bitstring(Bits) ->
 subbits(Bits, Start, Len) when is_integer(Start), is_integer(Len), is_bitstring(Bits) ->
     get_subbits(Bits, Start, Len, <<"integer">>, <<"unsigned">>, <<"big">>).
 
-subbits(Bits, Start, Len, Type, Signedness, Endianness) when is_integer(Start), is_integer(Len), is_bitstring(Bits) ->
+subbits(Bits, Start, Len, Type, Signedness, Endianness) when
+    is_integer(Start), is_integer(Len), is_bitstring(Bits)
+->
     get_subbits(Bits, Start, Len, Type, Signedness, Endianness).
 
 get_subbits(Bits, Start, Len, Type, Signedness, Endianness) ->
@@ -455,7 +505,8 @@ get_subbits(Bits, Start, Len, Type, Signedness, Endianness) ->
         <<_:Begin, Rem/bits>> when Rem =/= <<>> ->
             Sz = bit_size(Rem),
             do_get_subbits(Rem, Sz, Len, Type, Signedness, Endianness);
-        _ -> undefined
+        _ ->
+            undefined
     end.
 
 -define(match_bits(Bits0, Pattern, ElesePattern),
@@ -464,46 +515,80 @@ get_subbits(Bits, Start, Len, Type, Signedness, Endianness) ->
             SubBits;
         ElesePattern ->
             SubBits
-    end).
+    end
+).
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"integer">>, <<"unsigned">>, <<"big">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/integer-unsigned-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/integer-unsigned-big-unit:1>>);
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/integer-unsigned-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/integer-unsigned-big-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"float">>, <<"unsigned">>, <<"big">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/float-unsigned-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/float-unsigned-big-unit:1>>);
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/float-unsigned-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/float-unsigned-big-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"bits">>, <<"unsigned">>, <<"big">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/bits-unsigned-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/bits-unsigned-big-unit:1>>);
-
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/bits-unsigned-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/bits-unsigned-big-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"integer">>, <<"signed">>, <<"big">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/integer-signed-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/integer-signed-big-unit:1>>);
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/integer-signed-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/integer-signed-big-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"float">>, <<"signed">>, <<"big">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/float-signed-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/float-signed-big-unit:1>>);
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/float-signed-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/float-signed-big-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"bits">>, <<"signed">>, <<"big">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/bits-signed-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/bits-signed-big-unit:1>>);
-
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/bits-signed-big-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/bits-signed-big-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"integer">>, <<"unsigned">>, <<"little">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/integer-unsigned-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/integer-unsigned-little-unit:1>>);
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/integer-unsigned-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/integer-unsigned-little-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"float">>, <<"unsigned">>, <<"little">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/float-unsigned-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/float-unsigned-little-unit:1>>);
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/float-unsigned-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/float-unsigned-little-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"bits">>, <<"unsigned">>, <<"little">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/bits-unsigned-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/bits-unsigned-little-unit:1>>);
-
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/bits-unsigned-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/bits-unsigned-little-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"integer">>, <<"signed">>, <<"little">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/integer-signed-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/integer-signed-little-unit:1>>);
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/integer-signed-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/integer-signed-little-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"float">>, <<"signed">>, <<"little">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/float-signed-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/float-signed-little-unit:1>>);
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/float-signed-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/float-signed-little-unit:1>>
+    );
 do_get_subbits(Bits, Sz, Len, <<"bits">>, <<"signed">>, <<"little">>) ->
-    ?match_bits(Bits, <<SubBits:Len/bits-signed-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
-                      <<SubBits:Sz/bits-signed-little-unit:1>>).
+    ?match_bits(
+        Bits,
+        <<SubBits:Len/bits-signed-little-unit:1, _/bits>>,
+        <<SubBits:Sz/bits-signed-little-unit:1>>
+    ).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Data Type Conversion Funcs
@@ -590,9 +675,11 @@ strlen(S) when is_binary(S) ->
 substr(S, Start) when is_binary(S), is_integer(Start) ->
     string:slice(S, Start).
 
-substr(S, Start, Length) when is_binary(S),
-                              is_integer(Start),
-                              is_integer(Length) ->
+substr(S, Start, Length) when
+    is_binary(S),
+    is_integer(Start),
+    is_integer(Length)
+->
     string:slice(S, Start, Length).
 
 trim(S) when is_binary(S) ->
@@ -601,26 +688,28 @@ trim(S) when is_binary(S) ->
 upper(S) when is_binary(S) ->
     string:uppercase(S).
 
-split(S, P) when is_binary(S),is_binary(P) ->
+split(S, P) when is_binary(S), is_binary(P) ->
     [R || R <- string:split(S, P, all), R =/= <<>> andalso R =/= ""].
 
 split(S, P, <<"notrim">>) ->
     string:split(S, P, all);
-
 split(S, P, <<"leading_notrim">>) ->
     string:split(S, P, leading);
-split(S, P, <<"leading">>) when is_binary(S),is_binary(P) ->
+split(S, P, <<"leading">>) when is_binary(S), is_binary(P) ->
     [R || R <- string:split(S, P, leading), R =/= <<>> andalso R =/= ""];
 split(S, P, <<"trailing_notrim">>) ->
     string:split(S, P, trailing);
-split(S, P, <<"trailing">>) when is_binary(S),is_binary(P) ->
+split(S, P, <<"trailing">>) when is_binary(S), is_binary(P) ->
     [R || R <- string:split(S, P, trailing), R =/= <<>> andalso R =/= ""].
 
 tokens(S, Separators) ->
     [list_to_binary(R) || R <- string:lexemes(binary_to_list(S), binary_to_list(Separators))].
 
 tokens(S, Separators, <<"nocrlf">>) ->
-    [list_to_binary(R) || R <- string:lexemes(binary_to_list(S), binary_to_list(Separators) ++ [$\r,$\n,[$\r,$\n]])].
+    [
+        list_to_binary(R)
+     || R <- string:lexemes(binary_to_list(S), binary_to_list(Separators) ++ [$\r, $\n, [$\r, $\n]])
+    ].
 
 %% implicit convert args to strings, and then do concatenation
 concat(S1, S2) ->
@@ -634,21 +723,17 @@ pad(S, Len) when is_binary(S), is_integer(Len) ->
 
 pad(S, Len, <<"trailing">>) when is_binary(S), is_integer(Len) ->
     iolist_to_binary(string:pad(S, Len, trailing));
-
 pad(S, Len, <<"both">>) when is_binary(S), is_integer(Len) ->
     iolist_to_binary(string:pad(S, Len, both));
-
 pad(S, Len, <<"leading">>) when is_binary(S), is_integer(Len) ->
     iolist_to_binary(string:pad(S, Len, leading)).
 
 pad(S, Len, <<"trailing">>, Char) when is_binary(S), is_integer(Len), is_binary(Char) ->
     Chars = unicode:characters_to_list(Char, utf8),
     iolist_to_binary(string:pad(S, Len, trailing, Chars));
-
 pad(S, Len, <<"both">>, Char) when is_binary(S), is_integer(Len), is_binary(Char) ->
     Chars = unicode:characters_to_list(Char, utf8),
     iolist_to_binary(string:pad(S, Len, both, Chars));
-
 pad(S, Len, <<"leading">>, Char) when is_binary(S), is_integer(Len), is_binary(Char) ->
     Chars = unicode:characters_to_list(Char, utf8),
     iolist_to_binary(string:pad(S, Len, leading, Chars)).
@@ -658,24 +743,24 @@ replace(SrcStr, P, RepStr) when is_binary(SrcStr), is_binary(P), is_binary(RepSt
 
 replace(SrcStr, P, RepStr, <<"all">>) when is_binary(SrcStr), is_binary(P), is_binary(RepStr) ->
     iolist_to_binary(string:replace(SrcStr, P, RepStr, all));
-
-replace(SrcStr, P, RepStr, <<"trailing">>) when is_binary(SrcStr), is_binary(P), is_binary(RepStr) ->
+replace(SrcStr, P, RepStr, <<"trailing">>) when
+    is_binary(SrcStr), is_binary(P), is_binary(RepStr)
+->
     iolist_to_binary(string:replace(SrcStr, P, RepStr, trailing));
-
 replace(SrcStr, P, RepStr, <<"leading">>) when is_binary(SrcStr), is_binary(P), is_binary(RepStr) ->
     iolist_to_binary(string:replace(SrcStr, P, RepStr, leading)).
 
 regex_match(Str, RE) ->
-    case re:run(Str, RE, [global,{capture,none}]) of
+    case re:run(Str, RE, [global, {capture, none}]) of
         match -> true;
         nomatch -> false
     end.
 
 regex_replace(SrcStr, RE, RepStr) ->
-    re:replace(SrcStr, RE, RepStr, [global, {return,binary}]).
+    re:replace(SrcStr, RE, RepStr, [global, {return, binary}]).
 
 ascii(Char) when is_binary(Char) ->
-    [FirstC| _] = binary_to_list(Char),
+    [FirstC | _] = binary_to_list(Char),
     FirstC.
 
 find(S, P) when is_binary(S), is_binary(P) ->
@@ -683,7 +768,6 @@ find(S, P) when is_binary(S), is_binary(P) ->
 
 find(S, P, <<"trailing">>) when is_binary(S), is_binary(P) ->
     find_s(S, P, trailing);
-
 find(S, P, <<"leading">>) when is_binary(S), is_binary(P) ->
     find_s(S, P, leading).
 
@@ -735,7 +819,8 @@ mget(Key, Map) ->
 
 mget(Key, Map, Default) ->
     case maps:find(Key, Map) of
-        {ok, Val} -> Val;
+        {ok, Val} ->
+            Val;
         error when is_atom(Key) ->
             %% the map may have an equivalent binary-form key
             BinKey = emqx_plugin_libs_rule:bin(Key),
@@ -744,14 +829,16 @@ mget(Key, Map, Default) ->
                 error -> Default
             end;
         error when is_binary(Key) ->
-            try %% the map may have an equivalent atom-form key
+            %% the map may have an equivalent atom-form key
+            try
                 AtomKey = list_to_existing_atom(binary_to_list(Key)),
                 case maps:find(AtomKey, Map) of
                     {ok, Val} -> Val;
                     error -> Default
                 end
-            catch error:badarg ->
-                Default
+            catch
+                error:badarg ->
+                    Default
             end;
         error ->
             Default
@@ -759,7 +846,8 @@ mget(Key, Map, Default) ->
 
 mput(Key, Val, Map) ->
     case maps:find(Key, Map) of
-        {ok, _} -> maps:put(Key, Val, Map);
+        {ok, _} ->
+            maps:put(Key, Val, Map);
         error when is_atom(Key) ->
             %% the map may have an equivalent binary-form key
             BinKey = emqx_plugin_libs_rule:bin(Key),
@@ -768,14 +856,16 @@ mput(Key, Val, Map) ->
                 error -> maps:put(Key, Val, Map)
             end;
         error when is_binary(Key) ->
-            try %% the map may have an equivalent atom-form key
+            %% the map may have an equivalent atom-form key
+            try
                 AtomKey = list_to_existing_atom(binary_to_list(Key)),
                 case maps:find(AtomKey, Map) of
                     {ok, _} -> maps:put(AtomKey, Val, Map);
                     error -> maps:put(Key, Val, Map)
                 end
-            catch error:badarg ->
-                maps:put(Key, Val, Map)
+            catch
+                error:badarg ->
+                    maps:put(Key, Val, Map)
             end;
         error ->
             maps:put(Key, Val, Map)
@@ -863,14 +953,18 @@ unix_ts_to_rfc3339(Epoch) ->
 unix_ts_to_rfc3339(Epoch, Unit) when is_integer(Epoch) ->
     emqx_plugin_libs_rule:bin(
         calendar:system_time_to_rfc3339(
-            Epoch, [{unit, time_unit(Unit)}])).
+            Epoch, [{unit, time_unit(Unit)}]
+        )
+    ).
 
 rfc3339_to_unix_ts(DateTime) ->
     rfc3339_to_unix_ts(DateTime, <<"second">>).
 
 rfc3339_to_unix_ts(DateTime, Unit) when is_binary(DateTime) ->
-    calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(binary_to_list(DateTime),
-        [{unit, time_unit(Unit)}]).
+    calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(
+        binary_to_list(DateTime),
+        [{unit, time_unit(Unit)}]
+    ).
 
 now_timestamp() ->
     erlang:system_time(second).
@@ -885,22 +979,30 @@ time_unit(<<"nanosecond">>) -> nanosecond.
 
 format_date(TimeUnit, Offset, FormatString) ->
     emqx_plugin_libs_rule:bin(
-      emqx_rule_date:date(time_unit(TimeUnit),
-                          emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(Offset),
-                          emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(FormatString))).
+        emqx_rule_date:date(
+            time_unit(TimeUnit),
+            emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(Offset),
+            emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(FormatString)
+        )
+    ).
 
 format_date(TimeUnit, Offset, FormatString, TimeEpoch) ->
     emqx_plugin_libs_rule:bin(
-      emqx_rule_date:date(time_unit(TimeUnit),
-                          emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(Offset),
-                          emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(FormatString),
-                          TimeEpoch)).
+        emqx_rule_date:date(
+            time_unit(TimeUnit),
+            emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(Offset),
+            emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(FormatString),
+            TimeEpoch
+        )
+    ).
 
 date_to_unix_ts(TimeUnit, Offset, FormatString, InputString) ->
-    emqx_rule_date:parse_date(time_unit(TimeUnit),
-                        emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(Offset),
-                        emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(FormatString),
-                        emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(InputString)).
+    emqx_rule_date:parse_date(
+        time_unit(TimeUnit),
+        emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(Offset),
+        emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(FormatString),
+        emqx_plugin_libs_rule:str(InputString)
+    ).
 
 %% @doc This is for sql funcs that should be handled in the specific modules.
 %% Here the emqx_rule_funcs module acts as a proxy, forwarding
@@ -922,9 +1024,8 @@ date_to_unix_ts(TimeUnit, Offset, FormatString, InputString) ->
 % '$handle_undefined_function'(Fun, Args) ->
 %     error({sql_function_not_supported, function_literal(Fun, Args)}).
 
-'$handle_undefined_function'(sprintf, [Format|Args]) ->
+'$handle_undefined_function'(sprintf, [Format | Args]) ->
     erlang:apply(fun sprintf_s/2, [Format, Args]);
-
 '$handle_undefined_function'(Fun, Args) ->
     error({sql_function_not_supported, function_literal(Fun, Args)}).
 
@@ -935,8 +1036,12 @@ function_literal(Fun, []) when is_atom(Fun) ->
     atom_to_list(Fun) ++ "()";
 function_literal(Fun, [FArg | Args]) when is_atom(Fun), is_list(Args) ->
     WithFirstArg = io_lib:format("~ts(~0p", [atom_to_list(Fun), FArg]),
-    lists:foldl(fun(Arg, Literal) ->
-        io_lib:format("~ts, ~0p", [Literal, Arg])
-    end, WithFirstArg, Args) ++ ")";
+    lists:foldl(
+        fun(Arg, Literal) ->
+            io_lib:format("~ts, ~0p", [Literal, Arg])
+        end,
+        WithFirstArg,
+        Args
+    ) ++ ")";
 function_literal(Fun, Args) ->
     {invalid_func, {Fun, Args}}.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_maps.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_maps.erl
index 31ae2eee2..5d887b68b 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_maps.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_maps.erl
@@ -16,14 +16,15 @@
 
 -module(emqx_rule_maps).
 
--export([ nested_get/2
-        , nested_get/3
-        , nested_put/3
-        , range_gen/2
-        , range_get/3
-        , atom_key_map/1
-        , unsafe_atom_key_map/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    nested_get/2,
+    nested_get/3,
+    nested_put/3,
+    range_gen/2,
+    range_get/3,
+    atom_key_map/1,
+    unsafe_atom_key_map/1
+]).
 
 nested_get(Key, Data) ->
     nested_get(Key, Data, undefined).
@@ -41,8 +42,10 @@ do_nested_get([Key | More], Data, OrgData, Default) ->
 do_nested_get([], Val, _OrgData, _Default) ->
     Val.
 
-nested_put(Key, Val, Data) when not is_map(Data),
-                                not is_list(Data) ->
+nested_put(Key, Val, Data) when
+    not is_map(Data),
+    not is_list(Data)
+->
     nested_put(Key, Val, #{});
 nested_put({var, Key}, Val, Map) ->
     general_map_put({key, Key}, Val, Map, Map);
@@ -56,19 +59,27 @@ do_nested_put([], Val, _Map, _OrgData) ->
     Val.
 
 general_map_get(Key, Map, OrgData, Default) ->
-    general_find(Key, Map, OrgData,
+    general_find(
+        Key,
+        Map,
+        OrgData,
         fun
             ({equivalent, {_EquiKey, Val}}) -> Val;
             ({found, {_Key, Val}}) -> Val;
             (not_found) -> Default
-        end).
+        end
+    ).
 
 general_map_put(Key, Val, Map, OrgData) ->
-    general_find(Key, Map, OrgData,
+    general_find(
+        Key,
+        Map,
+        OrgData,
         fun
             ({equivalent, {EquiKey, _Val}}) -> do_put(EquiKey, Val, Map, OrgData);
             (_) -> do_put(Key, Val, Map, OrgData)
-        end).
+        end
+    ).
 
 general_find(KeyOrIndex, Data, OrgData, Handler) when is_binary(Data) ->
     try emqx_json:decode(Data, [return_maps]) of
@@ -78,7 +89,8 @@ general_find(KeyOrIndex, Data, OrgData, Handler) when is_binary(Data) ->
     end;
 general_find({key, Key}, Map, _OrgData, Handler) when is_map(Map) ->
     case maps:find(Key, Map) of
-        {ok, Val} -> Handler({found, {{key, Key}, Val}});
+        {ok, Val} ->
+            Handler({found, {{key, Key}, Val}});
         error when is_atom(Key) ->
             %% the map may have an equivalent binary-form key
             BinKey = emqx_plugin_libs_rule:bin(Key),
@@ -87,14 +99,16 @@ general_find({key, Key}, Map, _OrgData, Handler) when is_map(Map) ->
                 error -> Handler(not_found)
             end;
         error when is_binary(Key) ->
-            try %% the map may have an equivalent atom-form key
+            %% the map may have an equivalent atom-form key
+            try
                 AtomKey = list_to_existing_atom(binary_to_list(Key)),
                 case maps:find(AtomKey, Map) of
                     {ok, Val} -> Handler({equivalent, {{key, AtomKey}, Val}});
                     error -> Handler(not_found)
                 end
-            catch error:badarg ->
-                Handler(not_found)
+            catch
+                error:badarg ->
+                    Handler(not_found)
             end;
         error ->
             Handler(not_found)
@@ -122,18 +136,21 @@ do_put({index, Index0}, Val, List, OrgData) ->
 setnth(_, Data, Val) when not is_list(Data) ->
     setnth(head, [], Val);
 setnth(head, List, Val) when is_list(List) -> [Val | List];
-setnth(head, _List, Val) -> [Val];
+setnth(head, _List, Val) ->
+    [Val];
 setnth(tail, List, Val) when is_list(List) -> List ++ [Val];
-setnth(tail, _List, Val) -> [Val];
+setnth(tail, _List, Val) ->
+    [Val];
 setnth(I, List, _Val) when not is_integer(I) -> List;
-setnth(0, List, _Val) -> List;
+setnth(0, List, _Val) ->
+    List;
 setnth(I, List, Val) when is_integer(I), I > 0 ->
     do_setnth(I, List, Val);
 setnth(I, List, Val) when is_integer(I), I < 0 ->
     lists:reverse(do_setnth(-I, lists:reverse(List), Val)).
 
 do_setnth(1, [_ | Rest], Val) -> [Val | Rest];
-do_setnth(I, [E | Rest], Val) -> [E | setnth(I-1, Rest, Val)];
+do_setnth(I, [E | Rest], Val) -> [E | setnth(I - 1, Rest, Val)];
 do_setnth(_, [], _Val) -> [].
 
 getnth(0, _) ->
@@ -144,8 +161,10 @@ getnth(I, L) when I < 0 ->
     do_getnth(-I, lists:reverse(L)).
 
 do_getnth(I, L) ->
-    try {ok, lists:nth(I, L)}
-    catch error:_ -> {error, not_found}
+    try
+        {ok, lists:nth(I, L)}
+    catch
+        error:_ -> {error, not_found}
     end.
 
 handle_getnth(Index, List, IndexPattern, Handler) ->
@@ -170,7 +189,8 @@ do_range_get(Begin, End, List) ->
     EndIndex = index(End, TotalLen),
     lists:sublist(List, BeginIndex, (EndIndex - BeginIndex + 1)).
 
-index(0, _) -> error({invalid_index, 0});
+index(0, _) ->
+    error({invalid_index, 0});
 index(Index, _) when Index > 0 -> Index;
 index(Index, Len) when Index < 0 ->
     Len + Index + 1.
@@ -180,26 +200,36 @@ index(Index, Len) when Index < 0 ->
 %%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
 atom_key_map(BinKeyMap) when is_map(BinKeyMap) ->
     maps:fold(
-        fun(K, V, Acc) when is_binary(K) ->
-              Acc#{binary_to_existing_atom(K, utf8) => atom_key_map(V)};
-           (K, V, Acc) when is_list(K) ->
-              Acc#{list_to_existing_atom(K) => atom_key_map(V)};
-           (K, V, Acc) when is_atom(K) ->
-              Acc#{K => atom_key_map(V)}
-        end, #{}, BinKeyMap);
+        fun
+            (K, V, Acc) when is_binary(K) ->
+                Acc#{binary_to_existing_atom(K, utf8) => atom_key_map(V)};
+            (K, V, Acc) when is_list(K) ->
+                Acc#{list_to_existing_atom(K) => atom_key_map(V)};
+            (K, V, Acc) when is_atom(K) ->
+                Acc#{K => atom_key_map(V)}
+        end,
+        #{},
+        BinKeyMap
+    );
 atom_key_map(ListV) when is_list(ListV) ->
     [atom_key_map(V) || V <- ListV];
-atom_key_map(Val) -> Val.
+atom_key_map(Val) ->
+    Val.
 
 unsafe_atom_key_map(BinKeyMap) when is_map(BinKeyMap) ->
     maps:fold(
-        fun(K, V, Acc) when is_binary(K) ->
-              Acc#{binary_to_atom(K, utf8) => unsafe_atom_key_map(V)};
-           (K, V, Acc) when is_list(K) ->
-              Acc#{list_to_atom(K) => unsafe_atom_key_map(V)};
-           (K, V, Acc) when is_atom(K) ->
-              Acc#{K => unsafe_atom_key_map(V)}
-        end, #{}, BinKeyMap);
+        fun
+            (K, V, Acc) when is_binary(K) ->
+                Acc#{binary_to_atom(K, utf8) => unsafe_atom_key_map(V)};
+            (K, V, Acc) when is_list(K) ->
+                Acc#{list_to_atom(K) => unsafe_atom_key_map(V)};
+            (K, V, Acc) when is_atom(K) ->
+                Acc#{K => unsafe_atom_key_map(V)}
+        end,
+        #{},
+        BinKeyMap
+    );
 unsafe_atom_key_map(ListV) when is_list(ListV) ->
     [unsafe_atom_key_map(V) || V <- ListV];
-unsafe_atom_key_map(Val) -> Val.
+unsafe_atom_key_map(Val) ->
+    Val.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_outputs.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_outputs.erl
index 6a858a73b..a0d06c978 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_outputs.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_outputs.erl
@@ -22,20 +22,18 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/emqx.hrl").
 
 %% APIs
--export([ parse_output/1
-        ]).
+-export([parse_output/1]).
 
 %% callbacks of emqx_rule_output
--export([ pre_process_output_args/2
-        ]).
+-export([pre_process_output_args/2]).
 
 %% output functions
--export([ console/3
-        , republish/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    console/3,
+    republish/3
+]).
 
--optional_callbacks([ pre_process_output_args/2
-                    ]).
+-optional_callbacks([pre_process_output_args/2]).
 
 -callback pre_process_output_args(FuncName :: atom(), output_fun_args()) -> output_fun_args().
 
@@ -44,20 +42,32 @@
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 parse_output(#{function := OutputFunc} = Output) ->
     {Mod, Func} = parse_output_func(OutputFunc),
-    #{mod => Mod, func => Func,
-      args => pre_process_args(Mod, Func, maps:get(args, Output, #{}))}.
+    #{
+        mod => Mod,
+        func => Func,
+        args => pre_process_args(Mod, Func, maps:get(args, Output, #{}))
+    }.
 
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% callbacks of emqx_rule_output
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
-pre_process_output_args(republish, #{topic := Topic, qos := QoS, retain := Retain,
-        payload := Payload} = Args) ->
-    Args#{preprocessed_tmpl => #{
+pre_process_output_args(
+    republish,
+    #{
+        topic := Topic,
+        qos := QoS,
+        retain := Retain,
+        payload := Payload
+    } = Args
+) ->
+    Args#{
+        preprocessed_tmpl => #{
             topic => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(Topic),
             qos => preproc_vars(QoS),
             retain => preproc_vars(Retain),
             payload => emqx_plugin_libs_rule:preproc_tmpl(Payload)
-        }};
+        }
+    };
 pre_process_output_args(_, Args) ->
     Args.
 
@@ -66,35 +76,55 @@ pre_process_output_args(_, Args) ->
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 -spec console(map(), map(), map()) -> any().
 console(Selected, #{metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId}} = Envs, _Args) ->
-    ?ULOG("[rule output] ~ts~n"
-          "\tOutput Data: ~p~n"
-          "\tEnvs: ~p~n", [RuleId, Selected, Envs]).
+    ?ULOG(
+        "[rule output] ~ts~n"
+        "\tOutput Data: ~p~n"
+        "\tEnvs: ~p~n",
+        [RuleId, Selected, Envs]
+    ).
 
-republish(_Selected, #{topic := Topic, headers := #{republish_by := RuleId},
-        metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId}}, _Args) ->
+republish(
+    _Selected,
+    #{
+        topic := Topic,
+        headers := #{republish_by := RuleId},
+        metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId}
+    },
+    _Args
+) ->
     ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "recursive_republish_detected", topic => Topic});
-
 %% republish a PUBLISH message
-republish(Selected, #{flags := Flags, metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId}},
-        #{preprocessed_tmpl := #{
+republish(
+    Selected,
+    #{flags := Flags, metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId}},
+    #{
+        preprocessed_tmpl := #{
             qos := QoSTks,
             retain := RetainTks,
             topic := TopicTks,
-            payload := PayloadTks}}) ->
+            payload := PayloadTks
+        }
+    }
+) ->
     Topic = emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(TopicTks, Selected),
     Payload = format_msg(PayloadTks, Selected),
     QoS = replace_simple_var(QoSTks, Selected, 0),
     Retain = replace_simple_var(RetainTks, Selected, false),
     ?TRACE("RULE", "republish_message", #{topic => Topic, payload => Payload}),
     safe_publish(RuleId, Topic, QoS, Flags#{retain => Retain}, Payload);
-
 %% in case this is a "$events/" event
-republish(Selected, #{metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId}},
-        #{preprocessed_tmpl := #{
-                qos := QoSTks,
-                retain := RetainTks,
-                topic := TopicTks,
-                payload := PayloadTks}}) ->
+republish(
+    Selected,
+    #{metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId}},
+    #{
+        preprocessed_tmpl := #{
+            qos := QoSTks,
+            retain := RetainTks,
+            topic := TopicTks,
+            payload := PayloadTks
+        }
+    }
+) ->
     Topic = emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(TopicTks, Selected),
     Payload = format_msg(PayloadTks, Selected),
     QoS = replace_simple_var(QoSTks, Selected, 0),
@@ -114,8 +144,10 @@ get_output_mod_func(OutputFunc) when is_atom(OutputFunc) ->
     {emqx_rule_outputs, OutputFunc};
 get_output_mod_func(OutputFunc) when is_binary(OutputFunc) ->
     ToAtom = fun(Bin) ->
-        try binary_to_existing_atom(Bin) of Atom -> Atom
-        catch error:badarg -> error({unknown_output_function, OutputFunc})
+        try binary_to_existing_atom(Bin) of
+            Atom -> Atom
+        catch
+            error:badarg -> error({unknown_output_function, OutputFunc})
         end
     end,
     case string:split(OutputFunc, ":", all) of
@@ -158,7 +190,8 @@ preproc_vars(Data) ->
 replace_simple_var(Tokens, Data, Default) when is_list(Tokens) ->
     [Var] = emqx_plugin_libs_rule:proc_tmpl(Tokens, Data, #{return => rawlist}),
     case Var of
-        undefined -> Default; %% cannot find the variable from Data
+        %% cannot find the variable from Data
+        undefined -> Default;
         _ -> Var
     end;
 replace_simple_var(Val, _Data, _Default) ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_runtime.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_runtime.erl
index 8211426ab..81cabd40b 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_runtime.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_runtime.erl
@@ -20,32 +20,37 @@
 -include_lib("emqx/include/emqx.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
--export([ apply_rule/2
-        , apply_rules/2
-        , clear_rule_payload/0
-        ]).
+-export([
+    apply_rule/2,
+    apply_rules/2,
+    clear_rule_payload/0
+]).
 
--import(emqx_rule_maps,
-        [ nested_get/2
-        , range_gen/2
-        , range_get/3
-        ]).
+-import(
+    emqx_rule_maps,
+    [
+        nested_get/2,
+        range_gen/2,
+        range_get/3
+    ]
+).
 
--compile({no_auto_import,[alias/1]}).
+-compile({no_auto_import, [alias/1]}).
 
 -type input() :: map().
 -type alias() :: atom().
 -type collection() :: {alias(), [term()]}.
 
 -define(ephemeral_alias(TYPE, NAME),
-    iolist_to_binary(io_lib:format("_v_~ts_~p_~p", [TYPE, NAME, erlang:system_time()]))).
+    iolist_to_binary(io_lib:format("_v_~ts_~p_~p", [TYPE, NAME, erlang:system_time()]))
+).
 
 -define(ActionMaxRetry, 3).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Apply rules
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--spec(apply_rules(list(rule()), input()) -> ok).
+-spec apply_rules(list(rule()), input()) -> ok.
 apply_rules([], _Input) ->
     ok;
 apply_rules([#{enable := false} | More], Input) ->
@@ -61,54 +66,77 @@ apply_rule_discard_result(Rule, Input) ->
 apply_rule(Rule = #{id := RuleID}, Input) ->
     ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleID, 'sql.matched'),
     clear_rule_payload(),
-    try do_apply_rule(Rule, add_metadata(Input, #{rule_id => RuleID}))
+    try
+        do_apply_rule(Rule, add_metadata(Input, #{rule_id => RuleID}))
     catch
         %% ignore the errors if select or match failed
         _:Reason = {select_and_transform_error, Error} ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleID, 'sql.failed.exception'),
-            ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "SELECT_clause_exception",
-                             rule_id => RuleID, reason => Error}),
+            ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                msg => "SELECT_clause_exception",
+                rule_id => RuleID,
+                reason => Error
+            }),
             {error, Reason};
         _:Reason = {match_conditions_error, Error} ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleID, 'sql.failed.exception'),
-            ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "WHERE_clause_exception",
-                             rule_id => RuleID, reason => Error}),
+            ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                msg => "WHERE_clause_exception",
+                rule_id => RuleID,
+                reason => Error
+            }),
             {error, Reason};
         _:Reason = {select_and_collect_error, Error} ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleID, 'sql.failed.exception'),
-            ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "FOREACH_clause_exception",
-                             rule_id => RuleID, reason => Error}),
+            ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                msg => "FOREACH_clause_exception",
+                rule_id => RuleID,
+                reason => Error
+            }),
             {error, Reason};
         _:Reason = {match_incase_error, Error} ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleID, 'sql.failed.exception'),
-            ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "INCASE_clause_exception",
-                             rule_id => RuleID, reason => Error}),
+            ?SLOG(warning, #{
+                msg => "INCASE_clause_exception",
+                rule_id => RuleID,
+                reason => Error
+            }),
             {error, Reason};
         Class:Error:StkTrace ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleID, 'sql.failed.exception'),
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "apply_rule_failed",
-                           rule_id => RuleID,
-                           exception => Class,
-                           reason => Error,
-                           stacktrace => StkTrace
-                          }),
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "apply_rule_failed",
+                rule_id => RuleID,
+                exception => Class,
+                reason => Error,
+                stacktrace => StkTrace
+            }),
             {error, {Error, StkTrace}}
     end.
 
-do_apply_rule(#{
-            id := RuleId,
-            is_foreach := true,
-            fields := Fields,
-            doeach := DoEach,
-            incase := InCase,
-            conditions := Conditions,
-            outputs := Outputs
-        }, Input) ->
-    {Selected, Collection} = ?RAISE(select_and_collect(Fields, Input),
-                                        {select_and_collect_error, {_EXCLASS_,_EXCPTION_,_ST_}}),
+do_apply_rule(
+    #{
+        id := RuleId,
+        is_foreach := true,
+        fields := Fields,
+        doeach := DoEach,
+        incase := InCase,
+        conditions := Conditions,
+        outputs := Outputs
+    },
+    Input
+) ->
+    {Selected, Collection} = ?RAISE(
+        select_and_collect(Fields, Input),
+        {select_and_collect_error, {_EXCLASS_, _EXCPTION_, _ST_}}
+    ),
     ColumnsAndSelected = maps:merge(Input, Selected),
-    case ?RAISE(match_conditions(Conditions, ColumnsAndSelected),
-                {match_conditions_error, {_EXCLASS_,_EXCPTION_,_ST_}}) of
+    case
+        ?RAISE(
+            match_conditions(Conditions, ColumnsAndSelected),
+            {match_conditions_error, {_EXCLASS_, _EXCPTION_, _ST_}}
+        )
+    of
         true ->
             Collection2 = filter_collection(Input, InCase, DoEach, Collection),
             case Collection2 of
@@ -122,17 +150,26 @@ do_apply_rule(#{
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleId, 'sql.failed.no_result'),
             {error, nomatch}
     end;
-
-do_apply_rule(#{id := RuleId,
-                is_foreach := false,
-                fields := Fields,
-                conditions := Conditions,
-                outputs := Outputs
-            }, Input) ->
-    Selected = ?RAISE(select_and_transform(Fields, Input),
-                      {select_and_transform_error, {_EXCLASS_,_EXCPTION_,_ST_}}),
-    case ?RAISE(match_conditions(Conditions, maps:merge(Input, Selected)),
-                {match_conditions_error, {_EXCLASS_,_EXCPTION_,_ST_}}) of
+do_apply_rule(
+    #{
+        id := RuleId,
+        is_foreach := false,
+        fields := Fields,
+        conditions := Conditions,
+        outputs := Outputs
+    },
+    Input
+) ->
+    Selected = ?RAISE(
+        select_and_transform(Fields, Input),
+        {select_and_transform_error, {_EXCLASS_, _EXCPTION_, _ST_}}
+    ),
+    case
+        ?RAISE(
+            match_conditions(Conditions, maps:merge(Input, Selected)),
+            {match_conditions_error, {_EXCLASS_, _EXCPTION_, _ST_}}
+        )
+    of
         true ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleId, 'sql.passed'),
             {ok, handle_output_list(RuleId, Outputs, Selected, Input)};
@@ -154,15 +191,19 @@ select_and_transform(['*' | More], Input, Output) ->
     select_and_transform(More, Input, maps:merge(Output, Input));
 select_and_transform([{as, Field, Alias} | More], Input, Output) ->
     Val = eval(Field, Input),
-    select_and_transform(More,
+    select_and_transform(
+        More,
         nested_put(Alias, Val, Input),
-        nested_put(Alias, Val, Output));
+        nested_put(Alias, Val, Output)
+    );
 select_and_transform([Field | More], Input, Output) ->
     Val = eval(Field, Input),
     Key = alias(Field),
-    select_and_transform(More,
+    select_and_transform(
+        More,
         nested_put(Key, Val, Input),
-        nested_put(Key, Val, Output)).
+        nested_put(Key, Val, Output)
+    ).
 
 %% FOREACH Clause
 -spec select_and_collect(list(), input()) -> {input(), collection()}.
@@ -174,9 +215,11 @@ select_and_collect([{as, Field, {_, A} = Alias}], Input, {Output, _}) ->
     {nested_put(Alias, Val, Output), {A, ensure_list(Val)}};
 select_and_collect([{as, Field, Alias} | More], Input, {Output, LastKV}) ->
     Val = eval(Field, Input),
-    select_and_collect(More,
+    select_and_collect(
+        More,
         nested_put(Alias, Val, Input),
-        {nested_put(Alias, Val, Output), LastKV});
+        {nested_put(Alias, Val, Output), LastKV}
+    );
 select_and_collect([Field], Input, {Output, _}) ->
     Val = eval(Field, Input),
     Key = alias(Field),
@@ -184,24 +227,36 @@ select_and_collect([Field], Input, {Output, _}) ->
 select_and_collect([Field | More], Input, {Output, LastKV}) ->
     Val = eval(Field, Input),
     Key = alias(Field),
-    select_and_collect(More,
+    select_and_collect(
+        More,
         nested_put(Key, Val, Input),
-        {nested_put(Key, Val, Output), LastKV}).
+        {nested_put(Key, Val, Output), LastKV}
+    ).
 
 %% Filter each item got from FOREACH
 filter_collection(Input, InCase, DoEach, {CollKey, CollVal}) ->
     lists:filtermap(
         fun(Item) ->
             InputAndItem = maps:merge(Input, #{CollKey => Item}),
-            case ?RAISE(match_conditions(InCase, InputAndItem),
-                    {match_incase_error, {_EXCLASS_,_EXCPTION_,_ST_}}) of
+            case
+                ?RAISE(
+                    match_conditions(InCase, InputAndItem),
+                    {match_incase_error, {_EXCLASS_, _EXCPTION_, _ST_}}
+                )
+            of
                 true when DoEach == [] -> {true, InputAndItem};
                 true ->
-                    {true, ?RAISE(select_and_transform(DoEach, InputAndItem),
-                                  {doeach_error, {_EXCLASS_,_EXCPTION_,_ST_}})};
-                false -> false
+                    {true,
+                        ?RAISE(
+                            select_and_transform(DoEach, InputAndItem),
+                            {doeach_error, {_EXCLASS_, _EXCPTION_, _ST_}}
+                        )};
+                false ->
+                    false
             end
-        end, CollVal).
+        end,
+        CollVal
+    ).
 
 %% Conditional Clauses such as WHERE, WHEN.
 match_conditions({'and', L, R}, Data) ->
@@ -212,7 +267,8 @@ match_conditions({'not', Var}, Data) ->
     case eval(Var, Data) of
         Bool when is_boolean(Bool) ->
             not Bool;
-        _other -> false
+        _other ->
+            false
     end;
 match_conditions({in, Var, {list, Vals}}, Data) ->
     lists:member(eval(Var, Data), [eval(V, Data) || V <- Vals]);
@@ -250,8 +306,10 @@ do_compare('!=', L, R) -> L /= R;
 do_compare('=~', T, F) -> emqx_topic:match(T, F).
 
 number(Bin) ->
-    try binary_to_integer(Bin)
-    catch error:badarg -> binary_to_float(Bin)
+    try
+        binary_to_integer(Bin)
+    catch
+        error:badarg -> binary_to_float(Bin)
     end.
 
 handle_output_list(RuleId, Outputs, Selected, Envs) ->
@@ -266,13 +324,20 @@ handle_output(RuleId, OutId, Selected, Envs) ->
     catch
         throw:out_of_service ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleId, 'outputs.failed'),
-            ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleId, 'outputs.failed.out_of_service'),
+            ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(
+                rule_metrics, RuleId, 'outputs.failed.out_of_service'
+            ),
             ?SLOG(warning, #{msg => "out_of_service", output => OutId});
         Err:Reason:ST ->
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleId, 'outputs.failed'),
             ok = emqx_plugin_libs_metrics:inc(rule_metrics, RuleId, 'outputs.failed.unknown'),
-            ?SLOG(error, #{msg => "output_failed", output => OutId, exception => Err,
-                           reason => Reason, stacktrace => ST})
+            ?SLOG(error, #{
+                msg => "output_failed",
+                output => OutId,
+                exception => Err,
+                reason => Reason,
+                stacktrace => ST
+            })
     end.
 
 do_handle_output(BridgeId, Selected, _Envs) when is_binary(BridgeId) ->
@@ -280,7 +345,8 @@ do_handle_output(BridgeId, Selected, _Envs) when is_binary(BridgeId) ->
     case emqx_bridge:send_message(BridgeId, Selected) of
         {error, {Err, _}} when Err == bridge_not_found; Err == bridge_stopped ->
             throw(out_of_service);
-        Result -> Result
+        Result ->
+            Result
     end;
 do_handle_output(#{mod := Mod, func := Func, args := Args}, Selected, Envs) ->
     %% the function can also throw 'out_of_service'
@@ -382,8 +448,10 @@ apply_func(Name, Args, Input) when is_atom(Name) ->
     do_apply_func(Name, Args, Input);
 apply_func(Name, Args, Input) when is_binary(Name) ->
     FunName =
-        try binary_to_existing_atom(Name, utf8)
-        catch error:badarg -> error({sql_function_not_supported, Name})
+        try
+            binary_to_existing_atom(Name, utf8)
+        catch
+            error:badarg -> error({sql_function_not_supported, Name})
         end,
     do_apply_func(FunName, Args, Input).
 
@@ -391,7 +459,8 @@ do_apply_func(Name, Args, Input) ->
     case erlang:apply(emqx_rule_funcs, Name, Args) of
         Func when is_function(Func) ->
             erlang:apply(Func, [Input]);
-        Result -> Result
+        Result ->
+            Result
     end.
 
 add_metadata(Input, Metadata) when is_map(Input), is_map(Metadata) ->
@@ -417,8 +486,10 @@ cache_payload(DecodedP) ->
     DecodedP.
 
 safe_decode_and_cache(MaybeJson) ->
-    try cache_payload(emqx_json:decode(MaybeJson, [return_maps]))
-    catch _:_ -> error({decode_json_failed, MaybeJson})
+    try
+        cache_payload(emqx_json:decode(MaybeJson, [return_maps]))
+    catch
+        _:_ -> error({decode_json_failed, MaybeJson})
     end.
 
 ensure_list(List) when is_list(List) -> List;
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqlparser.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqlparser.erl
index 973614a62..1435d2e60 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqlparser.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqlparser.erl
@@ -20,84 +20,89 @@
 
 -export([parse/1]).
 
--export([ select_fields/1
-        , select_is_foreach/1
-        , select_doeach/1
-        , select_incase/1
-        , select_from/1
-        , select_where/1
-        ]).
+-export([
+    select_fields/1,
+    select_is_foreach/1,
+    select_doeach/1,
+    select_incase/1,
+    select_from/1,
+    select_where/1
+]).
 
--import(proplists, [ get_value/2
-                   , get_value/3
-                   ]).
+-import(proplists, [
+    get_value/2,
+    get_value/3
+]).
 
 -record(select, {fields, from, where, is_foreach, doeach, incase}).
 
--opaque(select() :: #select{}).
+-opaque select() :: #select{}.
 
--type const() :: {const, number()|binary()}.
+-type const() :: {const, number() | binary()}.
 
 -type variable() :: binary() | list(binary()).
 
 -type alias() :: binary() | list(binary()).
 
--type field() :: const() | variable()
-               | {as, field(), alias()}
-               | {'fun', atom(), list(field())}.
+-type field() ::
+    const()
+    | variable()
+    | {as, field(), alias()}
+    | {'fun', atom(), list(field())}.
 
 -export_type([select/0]).
 
 %% Parse one select statement.
--spec(parse(string() | binary()) -> {ok, select()} | {error, term()}).
+-spec parse(string() | binary()) -> {ok, select()} | {error, term()}.
 parse(Sql) ->
-    try case rulesql:parsetree(Sql) of
+    try
+        case rulesql:parsetree(Sql) of
             {ok, {select, Clauses}} ->
                 {ok, #select{
-                        is_foreach = false,
-                        fields = get_value(fields, Clauses),
-                        doeach = [],
-                        incase = {},
-                        from = get_value(from, Clauses),
-                        where = get_value(where, Clauses)
-                    }};
+                    is_foreach = false,
+                    fields = get_value(fields, Clauses),
+                    doeach = [],
+                    incase = {},
+                    from = get_value(from, Clauses),
+                    where = get_value(where, Clauses)
+                }};
             {ok, {foreach, Clauses}} ->
                 {ok, #select{
-                        is_foreach = true,
-                        fields = get_value(fields, Clauses),
-                        doeach = get_value(do, Clauses, []),
-                        incase = get_value(incase, Clauses, {}),
-                        from = get_value(from, Clauses),
-                        where = get_value(where, Clauses)
-                    }};
-            Error -> {error, Error}
+                    is_foreach = true,
+                    fields = get_value(fields, Clauses),
+                    doeach = get_value(do, Clauses, []),
+                    incase = get_value(incase, Clauses, {}),
+                    from = get_value(from, Clauses),
+                    where = get_value(where, Clauses)
+                }};
+            Error ->
+                {error, Error}
         end
     catch
         _Error:Reason:StackTrace ->
             {error, {Reason, StackTrace}}
     end.
 
--spec(select_fields(select()) -> list(field())).
+-spec select_fields(select()) -> list(field()).
 select_fields(#select{fields = Fields}) ->
     Fields.
 
--spec(select_is_foreach(select()) -> boolean()).
+-spec select_is_foreach(select()) -> boolean().
 select_is_foreach(#select{is_foreach = IsForeach}) ->
     IsForeach.
 
--spec(select_doeach(select()) -> list(field())).
+-spec select_doeach(select()) -> list(field()).
 select_doeach(#select{doeach = DoEach}) ->
     DoEach.
 
--spec(select_incase(select()) -> list(field())).
+-spec select_incase(select()) -> list(field()).
 select_incase(#select{incase = InCase}) ->
     InCase.
 
--spec(select_from(select()) -> list(binary())).
+-spec select_from(select()) -> list(binary()).
 select_from(#select{from = From}) ->
     From.
 
--spec(select_where(select()) -> tuple()).
+-spec select_where(select()) -> tuple().
 select_where(#select{where = Where}) ->
     Where.
-
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqltester.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqltester.erl
index a791863f6..cc545a96e 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqltester.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/emqx_rule_sqltester.erl
@@ -17,10 +17,11 @@
 -include("rule_engine.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx/include/logger.hrl").
 
--export([ test/1
-        , echo_action/2
-        , get_selected_data/3
-        ]).
+-export([
+    test/1,
+    echo_action/2,
+    get_selected_data/3
+]).
 
 -spec test(#{sql := binary(), context := map()}) -> {ok, map() | list()} | {error, term()}.
 test(#{sql := Sql, context := Context}) ->
@@ -60,9 +61,7 @@ test_rule(Sql, Select, Context, EventTopics) ->
         created_at => erlang:system_time(millisecond)
     },
     FullContext = fill_default_values(hd(EventTopics), emqx_rule_maps:atom_key_map(Context)),
-    try
-        emqx_rule_runtime:apply_rule(Rule, FullContext)
-    of
+    try emqx_rule_runtime:apply_rule(Rule, FullContext) of
         {ok, Data} -> {ok, flatten(Data)};
         {error, Reason} -> {error, Reason}
     after
@@ -76,8 +75,10 @@ is_publish_topic(<<"$events/", _/binary>>) -> false;
 is_publish_topic(<<"$bridges/", _/binary>>) -> false;
 is_publish_topic(_Topic) -> true.
 
-flatten([]) -> [];
-flatten([D1]) -> D1;
+flatten([]) ->
+    [];
+flatten([D1]) ->
+    D1;
 flatten([D1 | L]) when is_list(D1) ->
     D1 ++ flatten(L).
 
@@ -92,4 +93,6 @@ envs_examp(EventTopic) ->
     EventName = emqx_rule_events:event_name(EventTopic),
     emqx_rule_maps:atom_key_map(
         maps:from_list(
-            emqx_rule_events:columns_with_exam(EventName))).
+            emqx_rule_events:columns_with_exam(EventName)
+        )
+    ).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/proto/emqx_rule_engine_proto_v1.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/proto/emqx_rule_engine_proto_v1.erl
index cc3a79a74..501a1d05c 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/proto/emqx_rule_engine_proto_v1.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/src/proto/emqx_rule_engine_proto_v1.erl
@@ -18,10 +18,11 @@
 
 -behaviour(emqx_bpapi).
 
--export([ introduced_in/0
+-export([
+    introduced_in/0,
 
-        , reset_metrics/1
-        ]).
+    reset_metrics/1
+]).
 
 -include_lib("emqx/include/bpapi.hrl").
 -include_lib("emqx_rule_engine/include/rule_engine.hrl").
@@ -30,6 +31,6 @@ introduced_in() ->
     "5.0.0".
 
 -spec reset_metrics(rule_id()) ->
-          emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(ok).
+    emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall_return(ok).
 reset_metrics(RuleId) ->
     emqx_cluster_rpc:multicall(emqx_rule_engine, reset_metrics_for_rule, [RuleId]).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_engine_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_engine_SUITE.erl
index 0abd47a59..af19a24f1 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_engine_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_engine_SUITE.erl
@@ -29,75 +29,71 @@
 -define(TMP_RULEID, atom_to_binary(?FUNCTION_NAME)).
 
 all() ->
-    [ {group, engine}
-    , {group, funcs}
-    , {group, registry}
-    , {group, runtime}
-    , {group, events}
-    , {group, bugs}
+    [
+        {group, engine},
+        {group, funcs},
+        {group, registry},
+        {group, runtime},
+        {group, events},
+        {group, bugs}
     ].
 
 suite() ->
     [{ct_hooks, [cth_surefire]}, {timetrap, {seconds, 30}}].
 
 groups() ->
-    [{engine, [sequence],
-      [t_create_rule
-      ]},
-     {funcs, [],
-      [t_kv_store
-      ]},
-     {registry, [sequence],
-      [t_add_get_remove_rule,
-       t_add_get_remove_rules,
-       t_create_existing_rule,
-       t_get_rules_for_topic,
-       t_get_rules_for_topic_2,
-       t_get_rules_with_same_event
-      ]},
-     {runtime, [],
-      [t_match_atom_and_binary,
-       t_sqlselect_0,
-       t_sqlselect_00,
-       t_sqlselect_01,
-       t_sqlselect_02,
-       t_sqlselect_1,
-       t_sqlselect_2,
-       t_sqlselect_3,
-       t_sqlparse_event_1,
-       t_sqlparse_event_2,
-       t_sqlparse_event_3,
-       t_sqlparse_foreach_1,
-       t_sqlparse_foreach_2,
-       t_sqlparse_foreach_3,
-       t_sqlparse_foreach_4,
-       t_sqlparse_foreach_5,
-       t_sqlparse_foreach_6,
-       t_sqlparse_foreach_7,
-       t_sqlparse_foreach_8,
-       t_sqlparse_case_when_1,
-       t_sqlparse_case_when_2,
-       t_sqlparse_case_when_3,
-       t_sqlparse_array_index_1,
-       t_sqlparse_array_index_2,
-       t_sqlparse_array_index_3,
-       t_sqlparse_array_index_4,
-       t_sqlparse_array_index_5,
-       t_sqlparse_select_matadata_1,
-       t_sqlparse_array_range_1,
-       t_sqlparse_array_range_2,
-       t_sqlparse_true_false,
-       t_sqlparse_undefined_variable,
-       t_sqlparse_new_map,
-       t_sqlparse_invalid_json
-      ]},
-     {events, [],
-      [t_events
-      ]},
-     {bugs, [],
-      [t_sqlparse_payload_as,
-       t_sqlparse_nested_get
-      ]}
+    [
+        {engine, [sequence], [t_create_rule]},
+        {funcs, [], [t_kv_store]},
+        {registry, [sequence], [
+            t_add_get_remove_rule,
+            t_add_get_remove_rules,
+            t_create_existing_rule,
+            t_get_rules_for_topic,
+            t_get_rules_for_topic_2,
+            t_get_rules_with_same_event
+        ]},
+        {runtime, [], [
+            t_match_atom_and_binary,
+            t_sqlselect_0,
+            t_sqlselect_00,
+            t_sqlselect_01,
+            t_sqlselect_02,
+            t_sqlselect_1,
+            t_sqlselect_2,
+            t_sqlselect_3,
+            t_sqlparse_event_1,
+            t_sqlparse_event_2,
+            t_sqlparse_event_3,
+            t_sqlparse_foreach_1,
+            t_sqlparse_foreach_2,
+            t_sqlparse_foreach_3,
+            t_sqlparse_foreach_4,
+            t_sqlparse_foreach_5,
+            t_sqlparse_foreach_6,
+            t_sqlparse_foreach_7,
+            t_sqlparse_foreach_8,
+            t_sqlparse_case_when_1,
+            t_sqlparse_case_when_2,
+            t_sqlparse_case_when_3,
+            t_sqlparse_array_index_1,
+            t_sqlparse_array_index_2,
+            t_sqlparse_array_index_3,
+            t_sqlparse_array_index_4,
+            t_sqlparse_array_index_5,
+            t_sqlparse_select_matadata_1,
+            t_sqlparse_array_range_1,
+            t_sqlparse_array_range_2,
+            t_sqlparse_true_false,
+            t_sqlparse_undefined_variable,
+            t_sqlparse_new_map,
+            t_sqlparse_invalid_json
+        ]},
+        {events, [], [t_events]},
+        {bugs, [], [
+            t_sqlparse_payload_as,
+            t_sqlparse_nested_get
+        ]}
     ].
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -107,8 +103,9 @@ groups() ->
 init_per_suite(Config) ->
     application:load(emqx_conf),
     ok = emqx_common_test_helpers:start_apps(
-              [emqx_conf, emqx_rule_engine, emqx_authz],
-               fun set_special_configs/1),
+        [emqx_conf, emqx_rule_engine, emqx_authz],
+        fun set_special_configs/1
+    ),
     Config.
 
 end_per_suite(_Config) ->
@@ -117,10 +114,13 @@ end_per_suite(_Config) ->
 
 set_special_configs(emqx_authz) ->
     {ok, _} = emqx:update_config(
-                [authorization],
-                #{<<"no_match">> => atom_to_binary(allow),
-                  <<"cache">> => #{<<"enable">> => atom_to_binary(true)},
-                  <<"sources">> => []}),
+        [authorization],
+        #{
+            <<"no_match">> => atom_to_binary(allow),
+            <<"cache">> => #{<<"enable">> => atom_to_binary(true)},
+            <<"sources">> => []
+        }
+    ),
     ok;
 set_special_configs(_) ->
     ok.
@@ -149,25 +149,31 @@ end_per_group(_Groupname, _Config) ->
 
 init_per_testcase(t_events, Config) ->
     init_events_counters(),
-    SQL = "SELECT * FROM \"$events/client_connected\", "
-                        "\"$events/client_disconnected\", "
-                        "\"$events/client_connack\", "
-                        "\"$events/client_check_authz_complete\", "
-                        "\"$events/session_subscribed\", "
-                        "\"$events/session_unsubscribed\", "
-                        "\"$events/message_acked\", "
-                        "\"$events/message_delivered\", "
-                        "\"$events/message_dropped\", "
-                        "\"$events/delivery_dropped\", "
-                        "\"t1\"",
+    SQL =
+        "SELECT * FROM \"$events/client_connected\", "
+        "\"$events/client_disconnected\", "
+        "\"$events/client_connack\", "
+        "\"$events/client_check_authz_complete\", "
+        "\"$events/session_subscribed\", "
+        "\"$events/session_unsubscribed\", "
+        "\"$events/message_acked\", "
+        "\"$events/message_delivered\", "
+        "\"$events/message_dropped\", "
+        "\"$events/delivery_dropped\", "
+        "\"t1\"",
     {ok, Rule} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-        #{id => <<"rule:t_events">>,
+        #{
+            id => <<"rule:t_events">>,
             sql => SQL,
             outputs => [
-                #{function => <<"emqx_rule_engine_SUITE:output_record_triggered_events">>,
-                  args => #{}}
+                #{
+                    function => <<"emqx_rule_engine_SUITE:output_record_triggered_events">>,
+                    args => #{}
+                }
             ],
-            description => <<"to console and record triggered events">>}),
+            description => <<"to console and record triggered events">>
+        }
+    ),
     ?assertMatch(#{id := <<"rule:t_events">>}, Rule),
     [{hook_points_rules, Rule} | Config];
 init_per_testcase(_TestCase, Config) ->
@@ -184,13 +190,18 @@ end_per_testcase(_TestCase, _Config) ->
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 t_create_rule(_Config) ->
     {ok, #{id := Id}} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-            #{sql => <<"select * from \"t/a\"">>,
-              id => <<"t_create_rule">>,
-              outputs => [#{function => console}],
-              description => <<"debug rule">>}),
+        #{
+            sql => <<"select * from \"t/a\"">>,
+            id => <<"t_create_rule">>,
+            outputs => [#{function => console}],
+            description => <<"debug rule">>
+        }
+    ),
     ct:pal("======== emqx_rule_engine:get_rules :~p", [emqx_rule_engine:get_rules()]),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{id := Id, from := [<<"t/a">>]}},
-        emqx_rule_engine:get_rule(Id)),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{id := Id, from := [<<"t/a">>]}},
+        emqx_rule_engine:get_rule(Id)
+    ),
     delete_rule(Id),
     ok.
 
@@ -228,8 +239,11 @@ t_add_get_remove_rule(_Config) ->
 t_add_get_remove_rules(_Config) ->
     delete_rules_by_ids(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules()),
     ok = insert_rules(
-            [make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-1">>),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-2">>)]),
+        [
+            make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-1">>),
+            make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-2">>)
+        ]
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(2, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules())),
     ok = delete_rules_by_ids([<<"rule-debug-1">>, <<"rule-debug-2">>]),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules()),
@@ -238,10 +252,12 @@ t_add_get_remove_rules(_Config) ->
 t_create_existing_rule(_Config) ->
     %% create a rule using given rule id
     {ok, _} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-                    #{id => <<"an_existing_rule">>,
-                      sql => <<"select * from \"t/#\"">>,
-                      outputs => [#{function => console}]
-                     }),
+        #{
+            id => <<"an_existing_rule">>,
+            sql => <<"select * from \"t/#\"">>,
+            outputs => [#{function => console}]
+        }
+    ),
     {ok, #{sql := SQL}} = emqx_rule_engine:get_rule(<<"an_existing_rule">>),
     ?assertEqual(<<"select * from \"t/#\"">>, SQL),
 
@@ -252,40 +268,64 @@ t_create_existing_rule(_Config) ->
 t_get_rules_for_topic(_Config) ->
     Len0 = length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_for_topic(<<"simple/topic">>)),
     ok = insert_rules(
-            [make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-1">>),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-2">>)]),
-    ?assertEqual(Len0+2, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_for_topic(<<"simple/topic">>))),
+        [
+            make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-1">>),
+            make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-2">>)
+        ]
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(Len0 + 2, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_for_topic(<<"simple/topic">>))),
     ok = delete_rules_by_ids([<<"rule-debug-1">>, <<"rule-debug-2">>]),
     ok.
 
 t_get_rules_ordered_by_ts(_Config) ->
     Now = fun() -> erlang:system_time(nanosecond) end,
     ok = insert_rules(
-            [make_simple_rule_with_ts(<<"rule-debug-0">>, Now()),
-             make_simple_rule_with_ts(<<"rule-debug-1">>, Now()),
-             make_simple_rule_with_ts(<<"rule-debug-2">>, Now())
-             ]),
-    ?assertMatch([
-        #{id := <<"rule-debug-0">>},
-        #{id := <<"rule-debug-1">>},
-        #{id := <<"rule-debug-2">>}
-    ], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_ordered_by_ts()).
+        [
+            make_simple_rule_with_ts(<<"rule-debug-0">>, Now()),
+            make_simple_rule_with_ts(<<"rule-debug-1">>, Now()),
+            make_simple_rule_with_ts(<<"rule-debug-2">>, Now())
+        ]
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        [
+            #{id := <<"rule-debug-0">>},
+            #{id := <<"rule-debug-1">>},
+            #{id := <<"rule-debug-2">>}
+        ],
+        emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_ordered_by_ts()
+    ).
 
 t_get_rules_for_topic_2(_Config) ->
     Len0 = length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_for_topic(<<"simple/1">>)),
     ok = insert_rules(
-            [make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-1">>, <<"select * from \"simple/#\"">>, [<<"simple/#">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-2">>, <<"select * from \"simple/+\"">>, [<<"simple/+">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-3">>, <<"select * from \"simple/+/1\"">>, [<<"simple/+/1">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-4">>, <<"select * from \"simple/1\"">>, [<<"simple/1">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-5">>, <<"select * from \"simple/2,simple/+,simple/3\"">>,
-                              [<<"simple/2">>,<<"simple/+">>, <<"simple/3">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-6">>, <<"select * from \"simple/2,simple/3,simple/4\"">>,
-                              [<<"simple/2">>,<<"simple/3">>, <<"simple/4">>])
-             ]),
-    ?assertEqual(Len0+4, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_for_topic(<<"simple/1">>))),
-    ok = delete_rules_by_ids([<<"rule-debug-1">>, <<"rule-debug-2">>,<<"rule-debug-3">>,
-                              <<"rule-debug-4">>,<<"rule-debug-5">>, <<"rule-debug-6">>]),
+        [
+            make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-1">>, <<"select * from \"simple/#\"">>, [<<"simple/#">>]),
+            make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-2">>, <<"select * from \"simple/+\"">>, [<<"simple/+">>]),
+            make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-3">>, <<"select * from \"simple/+/1\"">>, [
+                <<"simple/+/1">>
+            ]),
+            make_simple_rule(<<"rule-debug-4">>, <<"select * from \"simple/1\"">>, [<<"simple/1">>]),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"rule-debug-5">>,
+                <<"select * from \"simple/2,simple/+,simple/3\"">>,
+                [<<"simple/2">>, <<"simple/+">>, <<"simple/3">>]
+            ),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"rule-debug-6">>,
+                <<"select * from \"simple/2,simple/3,simple/4\"">>,
+                [<<"simple/2">>, <<"simple/3">>, <<"simple/4">>]
+            )
+        ]
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(Len0 + 4, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_for_topic(<<"simple/1">>))),
+    ok = delete_rules_by_ids([
+        <<"rule-debug-1">>,
+        <<"rule-debug-2">>,
+        <<"rule-debug-3">>,
+        <<"rule-debug-4">>,
+        <<"rule-debug-5">>,
+        <<"rule-debug-6">>
+    ]),
     ok.
 
 t_get_rules_with_same_event(_Config) ->
@@ -294,41 +334,95 @@ t_get_rules_with_same_event(_Config) ->
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/client_connected">>)),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/client_disconnected">>)),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/session_subscribed">>)),
-    ?assertEqual([], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/session_unsubscribed">>)),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/session_unsubscribed">>)
+    ),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_delivered">>)),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_acked">>)),
     ?assertEqual([], emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_dropped">>)),
     ok = insert_rules(
-            [make_simple_rule(<<"r1">>, <<"select * from \"simple/#\"">>, [<<"simple/#">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r2">>, <<"select * from \"abc/+\"">>, [<<"abc/+">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r3">>, <<"select * from \"$events/client_connected\"">>,
-                              [<<"$events/client_connected">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r4">>, <<"select * from \"$events/client_disconnected\"">>,
-                              [<<"$events/client_disconnected">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r5">>, <<"select * from \"$events/session_subscribed\"">>,
-                              [<<"$events/session_subscribed">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r6">>, <<"select * from \"$events/session_unsubscribed\"">>,
-                              [<<"$events/session_unsubscribed">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r7">>, <<"select * from \"$events/message_delivered\"">>,
-                              [<<"$events/message_delivered">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r8">>, <<"select * from \"$events/message_acked\"">>,
-                              [<<"$events/message_acked">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r9">>, <<"select * from \"$events/message_dropped\"">>,
-                              [<<"$events/message_dropped">>]),
-             make_simple_rule(<<"r10">>, <<"select * from \"t/1, "
-                                           "$events/session_subscribed, $events/client_connected\"">>,
-                              [<<"t/1">>, <<"$events/session_subscribed">>, <<"$events/client_connected">>])
-             ]),
+        [
+            make_simple_rule(<<"r1">>, <<"select * from \"simple/#\"">>, [<<"simple/#">>]),
+            make_simple_rule(<<"r2">>, <<"select * from \"abc/+\"">>, [<<"abc/+">>]),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"r3">>,
+                <<"select * from \"$events/client_connected\"">>,
+                [<<"$events/client_connected">>]
+            ),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"r4">>,
+                <<"select * from \"$events/client_disconnected\"">>,
+                [<<"$events/client_disconnected">>]
+            ),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"r5">>,
+                <<"select * from \"$events/session_subscribed\"">>,
+                [<<"$events/session_subscribed">>]
+            ),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"r6">>,
+                <<"select * from \"$events/session_unsubscribed\"">>,
+                [<<"$events/session_unsubscribed">>]
+            ),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"r7">>,
+                <<"select * from \"$events/message_delivered\"">>,
+                [<<"$events/message_delivered">>]
+            ),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"r8">>,
+                <<"select * from \"$events/message_acked\"">>,
+                [<<"$events/message_acked">>]
+            ),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"r9">>,
+                <<"select * from \"$events/message_dropped\"">>,
+                [<<"$events/message_dropped">>]
+            ),
+            make_simple_rule(
+                <<"r10">>,
+                <<
+                    "select * from \"t/1, "
+                    "$events/session_subscribed, $events/client_connected\""
+                >>,
+                [<<"t/1">>, <<"$events/session_subscribed">>, <<"$events/client_connected">>]
+            )
+        ]
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(PubN + 3, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(PubT))),
-    ?assertEqual(2, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/client_connected">>))),
-    ?assertEqual(1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/client_disconnected">>))),
-    ?assertEqual(2, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/session_subscribed">>))),
-    ?assertEqual(1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/session_unsubscribed">>))),
-    ?assertEqual(1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_delivered">>))),
-    ?assertEqual(1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_acked">>))),
-    ?assertEqual(1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_dropped">>))),
-    ok = delete_rules_by_ids([<<"r1">>, <<"r2">>,<<"r3">>, <<"r4">>,
-                              <<"r5">>, <<"r6">>, <<"r7">>, <<"r8">>, <<"r9">>, <<"r10">>]),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        2, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/client_connected">>))
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/client_disconnected">>))
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        2, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/session_subscribed">>))
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/session_unsubscribed">>))
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_delivered">>))
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_acked">>))
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        1, length(emqx_rule_engine:get_rules_with_same_event(<<"$events/message_dropped">>))
+    ),
+    ok = delete_rules_by_ids([
+        <<"r1">>,
+        <<"r2">>,
+        <<"r3">>,
+        <<"r4">>,
+        <<"r5">>,
+        <<"r6">>,
+        <<"r7">>,
+        <<"r8">>,
+        <<"r9">>,
+        <<"r10">>
+    ]),
     ok.
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -337,17 +431,21 @@ t_get_rules_with_same_event(_Config) ->
 
 t_events(_Config) ->
     {ok, Client} = emqtt:start_link(
-        [ {username, <<"u_event">>}
-        , {clientid, <<"c_event">>}
-        , {proto_ver, v5}
-        , {properties, #{'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 60}}
-        ]),
+        [
+            {username, <<"u_event">>},
+            {clientid, <<"c_event">>},
+            {proto_ver, v5},
+            {properties, #{'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 60}}
+        ]
+    ),
     {ok, Client2} = emqtt:start_link(
-        [ {username, <<"u_event2">>}
-        , {clientid, <<"c_event2">>}
-        , {proto_ver, v5}
-        , {properties, #{'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 60}}
-        ]),
+        [
+            {username, <<"u_event2">>},
+            {clientid, <<"c_event2">>},
+            {proto_ver, v5},
+            {properties, #{'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 60}}
+        ]
+    ),
     ct:pal("====== verify $events/client_connected, $events/client_connack"),
     client_connected(Client, Client2),
     ct:pal("====== verify $events/message_dropped"),
@@ -372,15 +470,20 @@ t_events(_Config) ->
 
 client_connack_failed() ->
     {ok, Client} = emqtt:start_link(
-                     [ {username, <<"u_event3">>}
-                     , {clientid, <<"c_event3">>}
-                     , {proto_ver, v5}
-                     , {properties, #{'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 60}}
-                     ]),
+        [
+            {username, <<"u_event3">>},
+            {clientid, <<"c_event3">>},
+            {proto_ver, v5},
+            {properties, #{'Session-Expiry-Interval' => 60}}
+        ]
+    ),
     try
         meck:new(emqx_access_control, [non_strict, passthrough]),
-        meck:expect(emqx_access_control, authenticate,
-                    fun(_) -> {error, bad_username_or_password} end),
+        meck:expect(
+            emqx_access_control,
+            authenticate,
+            fun(_) -> {error, bad_username_or_password} end
+        ),
         process_flag(trap_exit, true),
         ?assertMatch({error, _}, emqtt:connect(Client)),
         timer:sleep(300),
@@ -391,8 +494,13 @@ client_connack_failed() ->
     ok.
 
 message_publish(Client) ->
-    emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t1">>, #{'Message-Expiry-Interval' => 60},
-        <<"{\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"ha\"}">>, [{qos, 1}]),
+    emqtt:publish(
+        Client,
+        <<"t1">>,
+        #{'Message-Expiry-Interval' => 60},
+        <<"{\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"ha\"}">>,
+        [{qos, 1}]
+    ),
     verify_event('message.publish'),
     ok.
 client_connected(Client, Client2) ->
@@ -407,12 +515,16 @@ client_disconnected(Client, Client2) ->
     verify_event('client.disconnected'),
     ok.
 session_subscribed(Client2) ->
-    {ok, _, _} = emqtt:subscribe(Client2, #{'User-Property' => {<<"topic_name">>, <<"t1">>}}, <<"t1">>, 1),
+    {ok, _, _} = emqtt:subscribe(
+        Client2, #{'User-Property' => {<<"topic_name">>, <<"t1">>}}, <<"t1">>, 1
+    ),
     verify_event('session.subscribed'),
     verify_event('client.check_authz_complete'),
     ok.
 session_unsubscribed(Client2) ->
-    {ok, _, _} = emqtt:unsubscribe(Client2, #{'User-Property' => {<<"topic_name">>, <<"t1">>}}, <<"t1">>),
+    {ok, _, _} = emqtt:unsubscribe(
+        Client2, #{'User-Property' => {<<"topic_name">>, <<"t1">>}}, <<"t1">>
+    ),
     verify_event('session.unsubscribed'),
     ok.
 
@@ -437,23 +549,29 @@ message_acked(_Client) ->
     ok.
 
 t_match_atom_and_binary(_Config) ->
-    SQL = "SELECT connected_at as ts, * "
+    SQL =
+        "SELECT connected_at as ts, * "
         "FROM \"$events/client_connected\" "
         "WHERE username = 'emqx2' ",
     Repub = republish_output(<<"t2">>, <<"user:${ts}">>),
     {ok, TopicRule} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-        #{sql => SQL, id => ?TMP_RULEID,
-          outputs => [Repub]}),
+        #{
+            sql => SQL,
+            id => ?TMP_RULEID,
+            outputs => [Repub]
+        }
+    ),
     {ok, Client} = emqtt:start_link([{username, <<"emqx1">>}]),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(Client),
     {ok, _, _} = emqtt:subscribe(Client, <<"t2">>, 0),
     ct:sleep(100),
     {ok, Client2} = emqtt:start_link([{username, <<"emqx2">>}]),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(Client2),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
-        ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
-        <<"user:", ConnAt/binary>> = Payload,
-        _ = binary_to_integer(ConnAt)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
+            ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
+            <<"user:", ConnAt/binary>> = Payload,
+            _ = binary_to_integer(ConnAt)
     after 1000 ->
         ct:fail(wait_for_t2)
     end,
@@ -463,116 +581,192 @@ t_match_atom_and_binary(_Config) ->
 
 t_sqlselect_0(_Config) ->
     %% Verify SELECT with and without 'AS'
-    Sql = "select * "
-          "from \"t/#\" "
-          "where payload.cmd.info = 'tt'",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{payload := <<"{\"cmd\": {\"info\":\"tt\"}}">>}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+    Sql =
+        "select * "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where payload.cmd.info = 'tt'",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{payload := <<"{\"cmd\": {\"info\":\"tt\"}}">>}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"cmd\": {\"info\":\"tt\"}}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql2 = "select payload.cmd as cmd "
-           "from \"t/#\" "
-           "where cmd.info = 'tt'",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"cmd">> := #{<<"info">> := <<"tt">>}}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql2 =
+        "select payload.cmd as cmd "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where cmd.info = 'tt'",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"cmd">> := #{<<"info">> := <<"tt">>}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"cmd\": {\"info\":\"tt\"}}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql3 = "select payload.cmd as cmd, cmd.info as info "
-           "from \"t/#\" "
-           "where cmd.info = 'tt' and info = 'tt'",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"cmd">> := #{<<"info">> := <<"tt">>},
-                       <<"info">> := <<"tt">>}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql3,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql3 =
+        "select payload.cmd as cmd, cmd.info as info "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where cmd.info = 'tt' and info = 'tt'",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{
+            <<"cmd">> := #{<<"info">> := <<"tt">>},
+            <<"info">> := <<"tt">>
+        }},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql3,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"cmd\": {\"info\":\"tt\"}}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% cascaded as
-    Sql4 = "select payload.cmd as cmd, cmd.info as meta.info "
-           "from \"t/#\" "
-           "where cmd.info = 'tt' and meta.info = 'tt'",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"cmd">> := #{<<"info">> := <<"tt">>},
-                       <<"meta">> := #{<<"info">> := <<"tt">>}}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql4,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+    Sql4 =
+        "select payload.cmd as cmd, cmd.info as meta.info "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where cmd.info = 'tt' and meta.info = 'tt'",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{
+            <<"cmd">> := #{<<"info">> := <<"tt">>},
+            <<"meta">> := #{<<"info">> := <<"tt">>}
+        }},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql4,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"cmd\": {\"info\":\"tt\"}}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlselect_00(_Config) ->
     %% Verify plus/subtract and unary_add_or_subtract
-    Sql = "select 1-1 as a "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"a">> := 0}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql1 = "select -1 + 1 as a "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"a">> := 0}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql1,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql2 = "select 1 + 1 as a "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"a">> := 2}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql3 = "select +1 as a "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"a">> := 1}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql3,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql =
+        "select 1-1 as a "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"a">> := 0}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql1 =
+        "select -1 + 1 as a "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"a">> := 0}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql1,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql2 =
+        "select 1 + 1 as a "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"a">> := 2}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql3 =
+        "select +1 as a "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"a">> := 1}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql3,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlselect_01(_Config) ->
-    SQL = "SELECT json_decode(payload) as p, payload "
+    SQL =
+        "SELECT json_decode(payload) as p, payload "
         "FROM \"t3/#\", \"t1\" "
         "WHERE p.x = 1",
     Repub = republish_output(<<"t2">>),
     {ok, TopicRule1} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-                    #{sql => SQL, id => ?TMP_RULEID,
-                      outputs => [Repub]}),
+        #{
+            sql => SQL,
+            id => ?TMP_RULEID,
+            outputs => [Repub]
+        }
+    ),
     {ok, Client} = emqtt:start_link([{username, <<"emqx">>}]),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(Client),
     {ok, _, _} = emqtt:subscribe(Client, <<"t2">>, 0),
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t1">>, <<"{\"x\":1}">>, 0),
     ct:sleep(100),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
-        ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
-        ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1}">>, Payload)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
+            ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
+            ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1}">>, Payload)
     after 1000 ->
         ct:fail(wait_for_t2)
     end,
 
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t1">>, <<"{\"x\":2}">>, 0),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := _}} ->
-        ct:fail(unexpected_t2)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := _}} ->
+            ct:fail(unexpected_t2)
     after 1000 ->
         ok
     end,
 
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t3/a">>, <<"{\"x\":1}">>, 0),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := T3, payload := Payload3}} ->
-        ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T3),
-        ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1}">>, Payload3)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := T3, payload := Payload3}} ->
+            ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T3),
+            ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1}">>, Payload3)
     after 1000 ->
         ct:fail(wait_for_t2)
     end,
@@ -581,36 +775,44 @@ t_sqlselect_01(_Config) ->
     delete_rule(TopicRule1).
 
 t_sqlselect_02(_Config) ->
-    SQL = "SELECT * "
+    SQL =
+        "SELECT * "
         "FROM \"t3/#\", \"t1\" "
         "WHERE payload.x = 1",
     Repub = republish_output(<<"t2">>),
     {ok, TopicRule1} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-                    #{sql => SQL, id => ?TMP_RULEID,
-                      outputs => [Repub]}),
+        #{
+            sql => SQL,
+            id => ?TMP_RULEID,
+            outputs => [Repub]
+        }
+    ),
     {ok, Client} = emqtt:start_link([{username, <<"emqx">>}]),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(Client),
     {ok, _, _} = emqtt:subscribe(Client, <<"t2">>, 0),
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t1">>, <<"{\"x\":1}">>, 0),
     ct:sleep(100),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
-        ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
-        ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1}">>, Payload)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
+            ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
+            ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1}">>, Payload)
     after 1000 ->
         ct:fail(wait_for_t2)
     end,
 
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t1">>, <<"{\"x\":2}">>, 0),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := Payload0}} ->
-        ct:fail({unexpected_t2, Payload0})
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := Payload0}} ->
+            ct:fail({unexpected_t2, Payload0})
     after 1000 ->
         ok
     end,
 
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t3/a">>, <<"{\"x\":1}">>, 0),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := T3, payload := Payload3}} ->
-        ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T3),
-        ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1}">>, Payload3)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := T3, payload := Payload3}} ->
+            ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T3),
+            ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1}">>, Payload3)
     after 1000 ->
         ct:fail(wait_for_t2)
     end,
@@ -619,28 +821,35 @@ t_sqlselect_02(_Config) ->
     delete_rule(TopicRule1).
 
 t_sqlselect_1(_Config) ->
-    SQL = "SELECT json_decode(payload) as p, payload "
+    SQL =
+        "SELECT json_decode(payload) as p, payload "
         "FROM \"t1\" "
         "WHERE p.x = 1 and p.y = 2",
     Repub = republish_output(<<"t2">>),
     {ok, TopicRule} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-                    #{sql => SQL, id => ?TMP_RULEID,
-                      outputs => [Repub]}),
+        #{
+            sql => SQL,
+            id => ?TMP_RULEID,
+            outputs => [Repub]
+        }
+    ),
     {ok, Client} = emqtt:start_link([{username, <<"emqx">>}]),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(Client),
     {ok, _, _} = emqtt:subscribe(Client, <<"t2">>, 0),
     ct:sleep(200),
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t1">>, <<"{\"x\":1,\"y\":2}">>, 0),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
-        ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
-        ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1,\"y\":2}">>, Payload)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
+            ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
+            ?assertEqual(<<"{\"x\":1,\"y\":2}">>, Payload)
     after 1000 ->
         ct:fail(wait_for_t2)
     end,
 
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t1">>, <<"{\"x\":1,\"y\":1}">>, 0),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := _}} ->
-        ct:fail(unexpected_t2)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := _}} ->
+            ct:fail(unexpected_t2)
     after 1000 ->
         ok
     end,
@@ -653,20 +862,25 @@ t_sqlselect_2(_Config) ->
     SQL = "SELECT * FROM \"t2\" ",
     Repub = republish_output(<<"t2">>),
     {ok, TopicRule} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-                    #{sql => SQL, id => ?TMP_RULEID,
-                      outputs => [Repub]}),
+        #{
+            sql => SQL,
+            id => ?TMP_RULEID,
+            outputs => [Repub]
+        }
+    ),
     {ok, Client} = emqtt:start_link([{username, <<"emqx">>}]),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(Client),
     {ok, _, _} = emqtt:subscribe(Client, <<"t2">>, 0),
 
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t2">>, <<"{\"x\":1,\"y\":144}">>, 0),
     Fun = fun() ->
-            receive {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := _}} ->
+        receive
+            {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := _}} ->
                 received_t2
-            after 500 ->
-                received_nothing
-            end
-          end,
+        after 500 ->
+            received_nothing
+        end
+    end,
     received_t2 = Fun(),
     received_t2 = Fun(),
     received_nothing = Fun(),
@@ -676,29 +890,36 @@ t_sqlselect_2(_Config) ->
 
 t_sqlselect_3(_Config) ->
     %% republish the client.connected msg
-    SQL = "SELECT * "
+    SQL =
+        "SELECT * "
         "FROM \"$events/client_connected\" "
         "WHERE username = 'emqx1'",
     Repub = republish_output(<<"t2">>, <<"clientid=${clientid}">>),
     {ok, TopicRule} = emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-                    #{sql => SQL, id => ?TMP_RULEID,
-                      outputs => [Repub]}),
+        #{
+            sql => SQL,
+            id => ?TMP_RULEID,
+            outputs => [Repub]
+        }
+    ),
     {ok, Client} = emqtt:start_link([{clientid, <<"emqx0">>}, {username, <<"emqx0">>}]),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(Client),
     {ok, _, _} = emqtt:subscribe(Client, <<"t2">>, 0),
     ct:sleep(200),
     {ok, Client1} = emqtt:start_link([{clientid, <<"c_emqx1">>}, {username, <<"emqx1">>}]),
     {ok, _} = emqtt:connect(Client1),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
-        ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
-        ?assertEqual(<<"clientid=c_emqx1">>, Payload)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := T, payload := Payload}} ->
+            ?assertEqual(<<"t2">>, T),
+            ?assertEqual(<<"clientid=c_emqx1">>, Payload)
     after 1000 ->
         ct:fail(wait_for_t2)
     end,
 
     emqtt:publish(Client, <<"t1">>, <<"{\"x\":1,\"y\":1}">>, 0),
-    receive {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := _}} ->
-        ct:fail(unexpected_t2)
+    receive
+        {publish, #{topic := <<"t2">>, payload := _}} ->
+            ct:fail(unexpected_t2)
     after 1000 ->
         ok
     end,
@@ -707,189 +928,337 @@ t_sqlselect_3(_Config) ->
     delete_rule(TopicRule).
 
 t_sqlparse_event_1(_Config) ->
-    Sql = "select topic as tp "
-          "from \"$events/session_subscribed\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"tp">> := <<"t/tt">>}},
+    Sql =
+        "select topic as tp "
+        "from \"$events/session_subscribed\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"tp">> := <<"t/tt">>}},
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-        #{sql => Sql,
-          context => #{topic => <<"t/tt">>}})).
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{topic => <<"t/tt">>}
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_event_2(_Config) ->
-    Sql = "select clientid "
-          "from \"$events/client_connected\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"clientid">> := <<"abc">>}},
+    Sql =
+        "select clientid "
+        "from \"$events/client_connected\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"clientid">> := <<"abc">>}},
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-        #{sql => Sql,
-          context => #{clientid => <<"abc">>}})).
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{clientid => <<"abc">>}
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_event_3(_Config) ->
-    Sql = "select clientid, topic as tp "
-          "from \"t/tt\", \"$events/client_connected\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"clientid">> := <<"abc">>, <<"tp">> := <<"t/tt">>}},
+    Sql =
+        "select clientid, topic as tp "
+        "from \"t/tt\", \"$events/client_connected\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"clientid">> := <<"abc">>, <<"tp">> := <<"t/tt">>}},
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-        #{sql => Sql,
-          context => #{clientid => <<"abc">>, topic => <<"t/tt">>}})).
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{clientid => <<"abc">>, topic => <<"t/tt">>}
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_foreach_1(_Config) ->
     %% Verify foreach with and without 'AS'
-    Sql = "foreach payload.sensors as s "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"s">> := 1}, #{<<"s">> := 2}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql2 = "foreach payload.sensors "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{item := 1}, #{item := 2}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql3 = "foreach payload.sensors "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{item := #{<<"cmd">> := <<"1">>}, clientid := <<"c_a">>},
-                       #{item := #{<<"cmd">> := <<"2">>, <<"name">> := <<"ct">>}, clientid := <<"c_a">>}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql3,
-                      context => #{
-                          payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":\"1\"}, {\"cmd\":\"2\",\"name\":\"ct\"}]}">>,
-                          clientid => <<"c_a">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql4 = "foreach payload.sensors "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    {ok,[#{metadata := #{rule_id := TRuleId}},
-         #{metadata := #{rule_id := TRuleId}}]} =
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql4,
-                      context => #{
-                          payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
+    Sql =
+        "foreach payload.sensors as s "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{<<"s">> := 1}, #{<<"s">> := 2}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql2 =
+        "foreach payload.sensors "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{item := 1}, #{item := 2}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql3 =
+        "foreach payload.sensors "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [
+            #{item := #{<<"cmd">> := <<"1">>}, clientid := <<"c_a">>},
+            #{item := #{<<"cmd">> := <<"2">>, <<"name">> := <<"ct">>}, clientid := <<"c_a">>}
+        ]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql3,
+                context => #{
+                    payload =>
+                        <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":\"1\"}, {\"cmd\":\"2\",\"name\":\"ct\"}]}">>,
+                    clientid => <<"c_a">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql4 =
+        "foreach payload.sensors "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    {ok, [
+        #{metadata := #{rule_id := TRuleId}},
+        #{metadata := #{rule_id := TRuleId}}
+    ]} =
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql4,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        ),
     ?assert(is_binary(TRuleId)).
 
 t_sqlparse_foreach_2(_Config) ->
     %% Verify foreach-do with and without 'AS'
-    Sql = "foreach payload.sensors as s "
-          "do s.cmd as msg_type "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>},#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+    Sql =
+        "foreach payload.sensors as s "
+        "do s.cmd as msg_type "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}, #{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":\"1\"}, {\"cmd\":\"2\"}]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql2 = "foreach payload.sensors "
-          "do item.cmd as msg_type "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>},#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql2 =
+        "foreach payload.sensors "
+        "do item.cmd as msg_type "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}, #{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":\"1\"}, {\"cmd\":\"2\"}]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql3 = "foreach payload.sensors "
-           "do item as item "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"item">> := 1},#{<<"item">> := 2}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql3,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql3 =
+        "foreach payload.sensors "
+        "do item as item "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{<<"item">> := 1}, #{<<"item">> := 2}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql3,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_foreach_3(_Config) ->
     %% Verify foreach-incase with and without 'AS'
-    Sql = "foreach payload.sensors as s "
-          "incase s.cmd != 1 "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"s">> := #{<<"cmd">> := 2}},
-                      #{<<"s">> := #{<<"cmd">> := 3}}
-                      ]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+    Sql =
+        "foreach payload.sensors as s "
+        "incase s.cmd != 1 "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [
+            #{<<"s">> := #{<<"cmd">> := 2}},
+            #{<<"s">> := #{<<"cmd">> := 3}}
+        ]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":1}, {\"cmd\":2}, {\"cmd\":3}]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql2 = "foreach payload.sensors "
-          "incase item.cmd != 1 "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{item := #{<<"cmd">> := 2}},
-                      #{item := #{<<"cmd">> := 3}}
-                      ]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql2 =
+        "foreach payload.sensors "
+        "incase item.cmd != 1 "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [
+            #{item := #{<<"cmd">> := 2}},
+            #{item := #{<<"cmd">> := 3}}
+        ]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":1}, {\"cmd\":2}, {\"cmd\":3}]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_foreach_4(_Config) ->
     %% Verify foreach-do-incase
-    Sql = "foreach payload.sensors as s "
-          "do s.cmd as msg_type, s.name as name "
-          "incase is_not_null(s.cmd) "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>},#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+    Sql =
+        "foreach payload.sensors as s "
+        "do s.cmd as msg_type, s.name as name "
+        "incase is_not_null(s.cmd) "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}, #{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":\"1\"}, {\"cmd\":\"2\"}]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>, <<"name">> := <<"n1">>}, #{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload =>
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{<<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>, <<"name">> := <<"n1">>}, #{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
                             <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":\"1\", \"name\":\"n1\"}, {\"cmd\":\"2\"}, {\"name\":\"n3\"}]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, []},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"{\"sensors\": [1, 2]}">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_foreach_5(_Config) ->
     %% Verify foreach on a empty-list or non-list variable
-    Sql = "foreach payload.sensors as s "
-          "do s.cmd as msg_type, s.name as name "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[]}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"{\"sensors\": 1}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"{\"sensors\": []}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql2 = "foreach payload.sensors "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[]}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"{\"sensors\": 1}">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql =
+        "foreach payload.sensors as s "
+        "do s.cmd as msg_type, s.name as name "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, []},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"{\"sensors\": 1}">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, []},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"{\"sensors\": []}">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql2 =
+        "foreach payload.sensors "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, []},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"{\"sensors\": 1}">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_foreach_6(_Config) ->
     %% Verify foreach on a empty-list or non-list variable
-    Sql = "foreach json_decode(payload) "
-          "do item.id as zid, timestamp as t "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
+    Sql =
+        "foreach json_decode(payload) "
+        "do item.id as zid, timestamp as t "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
     {ok, Res} = emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => <<"[{\"id\": 5},{\"id\": 15}]">>,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
-    [#{<<"t">> := Ts1, <<"zid">> := Zid1},
-     #{<<"t">> := Ts2, <<"zid">> := Zid2}] = Res,
+        #{
+            sql => Sql,
+            context =>
+                #{
+                    payload => <<"[{\"id\": 5},{\"id\": 15}]">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+        }
+    ),
+    [
+        #{<<"t">> := Ts1, <<"zid">> := Zid1},
+        #{<<"t">> := Ts2, <<"zid">> := Zid2}
+    ] = Res,
     ?assertEqual(true, is_integer(Ts1)),
     ?assertEqual(true, is_integer(Ts2)),
     ?assert(Zid1 == 5 orelse Zid1 == 15),
@@ -897,549 +1266,1004 @@ t_sqlparse_foreach_6(_Config) ->
 
 t_sqlparse_foreach_7(_Config) ->
     %% Verify foreach-do-incase and cascaded AS
-    Sql = "foreach json_decode(payload) as p, p.sensors as s, s.collection as c, c.info as info "
-          "do info.cmd as msg_type, info.name as name "
-          "incase is_not_null(info.cmd) "
-          "from \"t/#\" "
-          "where s.page = '2' ",
-    Payload  = <<"{\"sensors\": {\"page\": 2, \"collection\": "
-                 "{\"info\":[{\"name\":\"cmd1\", \"cmd\":\"1\"}, {\"cmd\":\"2\"}]} } }">>,
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"name">> := <<"cmd1">>, <<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}, #{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => Payload,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql2 = "foreach json_decode(payload) as p, p.sensors as s, s.collection as c, c.info as info "
-          "do info.cmd as msg_type, info.name as name "
-          "incase is_not_null(info.cmd) "
-          "from \"t/#\" "
-          "where s.page = '3' ",
-    ?assertMatch({error, nomatch},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => Payload,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql =
+        "foreach json_decode(payload) as p, p.sensors as s, s.collection as c, c.info as info "
+        "do info.cmd as msg_type, info.name as name "
+        "incase is_not_null(info.cmd) "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where s.page = '2' ",
+    Payload = <<
+        "{\"sensors\": {\"page\": 2, \"collection\": "
+        "{\"info\":[{\"name\":\"cmd1\", \"cmd\":\"1\"}, {\"cmd\":\"2\"}]} } }"
+    >>,
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{<<"name">> := <<"cmd1">>, <<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}, #{<<"msg_type">> := <<"2">>}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => Payload,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql2 =
+        "foreach json_decode(payload) as p, p.sensors as s, s.collection as c, c.info as info "
+        "do info.cmd as msg_type, info.name as name "
+        "incase is_not_null(info.cmd) "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where s.page = '3' ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, nomatch},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => Payload,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_foreach_8(_Config) ->
     %% Verify foreach-do-incase and cascaded AS
-    Sql = "foreach json_decode(payload) as p, p.sensors as s, s.collection as c, c.info as info "
-          "do info.cmd as msg_type, info.name as name "
-          "incase is_map(info) "
-          "from \"t/#\" "
-          "where s.page = '2' ",
-    Payload  = <<"{\"sensors\": {\"page\": 2, \"collection\": "
-                 "{\"info\":[\"haha\", {\"name\":\"cmd1\", \"cmd\":\"1\"}]} } }">>,
-    ?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"name">> := <<"cmd1">>, <<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => Payload,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql =
+        "foreach json_decode(payload) as p, p.sensors as s, s.collection as c, c.info as info "
+        "do info.cmd as msg_type, info.name as name "
+        "incase is_map(info) "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where s.page = '2' ",
+    Payload = <<
+        "{\"sensors\": {\"page\": 2, \"collection\": "
+        "{\"info\":[\"haha\", {\"name\":\"cmd1\", \"cmd\":\"1\"}]} } }"
+    >>,
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, [#{<<"name">> := <<"cmd1">>, <<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}]},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => Payload,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
 
-    Sql3 = "foreach json_decode(payload) as p, p.sensors as s, s.collection as c, sublist(2,1,c.info) as info "
-          "do info.cmd as msg_type, info.name as name "
-          "from \"t/#\" "
-          "where s.page = '2' ",
-    [?assertMatch({ok,[#{<<"name">> := <<"cmd1">>, <<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}]},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => SqlN,
-                      context =>
-                        #{payload => Payload,
-                          topic => <<"t/a">>}}))
-     || SqlN <- [Sql3]].
+    Sql3 =
+        "foreach json_decode(payload) as p, p.sensors as s, s.collection as c, sublist(2,1,c.info) as info "
+        "do info.cmd as msg_type, info.name as name "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where s.page = '2' ",
+    [
+        ?assertMatch(
+            {ok, [#{<<"name">> := <<"cmd1">>, <<"msg_type">> := <<"1">>}]},
+            emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+                #{
+                    sql => SqlN,
+                    context =>
+                        #{
+                            payload => Payload,
+                            topic => <<"t/a">>
+                        }
+                }
+            )
+        )
+     || SqlN <- [Sql3]
+    ].
 
 t_sqlparse_case_when_1(_Config) ->
     %% case-when-else clause
-    Sql = "select "
-          "  case when payload.x < 0 then 0 "
-          "       when payload.x > 7 then 7 "
-          "       else payload.x "
-          "  end as y "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 1}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 1}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 0}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 0}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 0}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": -1}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 7}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 7}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 7}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 8}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql =
+        "select "
+        "  case when payload.x < 0 then 0 "
+        "       when payload.x > 7 then 7 "
+        "       else payload.x "
+        "  end as y "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 1}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 1}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 0}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 0}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 0}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": -1}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 7}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 7}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 7}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 8}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     ok.
 
 t_sqlparse_case_when_2(_Config) ->
     % switch clause
-    Sql = "select "
-          "  case payload.x when 1 then 2 "
-          "                 when 2 then 3 "
-          "                 else 4 "
-          "  end as y "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 2}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 1}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 3}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 2}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 4}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 4}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 4}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 7}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 4}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 8}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql =
+        "select "
+        "  case payload.x when 1 then 2 "
+        "                 when 2 then 3 "
+        "                 else 4 "
+        "  end as y "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 2}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 1}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 3}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 2}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 4}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 4}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 4}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 7}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 4}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 8}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_case_when_3(_Config) ->
     %% case-when clause
-    Sql = "select "
-          "  case when payload.x < 0 then 0 "
-          "       when payload.x > 7 then 7 "
-          "  end as y "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 1}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 5}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 0}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 0}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": -1}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 7}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"y">> := 7}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 8}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql =
+        "select "
+        "  case when payload.x < 0 then 0 "
+        "       when payload.x > 7 then 7 "
+        "  end as y "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 1}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 5}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 0}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 0}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": -1}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 7}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"y">> := 7}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 8}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     ok.
 
 t_sqlparse_array_index_1(_Config) ->
     %% index get
-    Sql = "select "
-          "  json_decode(payload) as p, "
-          "  p[1] as a "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"a">> := #{<<"x">> := 1}}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"[{\"x\": 1}]">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": 1}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql =
+        "select "
+        "  json_decode(payload) as p, "
+        "  p[1] as a "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"a">> := #{<<"x">> := 1}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"[{\"x\": 1}]">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": 1}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% index get without 'as'
-    Sql2 = "select "
-           "  payload.x[2] "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [3]}}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context => #{payload => #{<<"x">> => [1,3,4]},
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql2 =
+        "select "
+        "  payload.x[2] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [3]}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => #{<<"x">> => [1, 3, 4]},
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% index get without 'as' again
-    Sql3 = "select "
-           "  payload.x[2].y "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [#{<<"y">> := 3}]}}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql3,
-                      context => #{payload => #{<<"x">> => [1,#{y => 3},4]},
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql3 =
+        "select "
+        "  payload.x[2].y "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [#{<<"y">> := 3}]}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql3,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => #{<<"x">> => [1, #{y => 3}, 4]},
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
 
     %% index get with 'as'
-    Sql4 = "select "
-           "  payload.x[2].y as b "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"b">> := 3}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql4,
-                      context => #{payload => #{<<"x">> => [1,#{y => 3},4]},
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql4 =
+        "select "
+        "  payload.x[2].y as b "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"b">> := 3}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql4,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => #{<<"x">> => [1, #{y => 3}, 4]},
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_array_index_2(_Config) ->
     %% array get with negative index
-    Sql1 = "select "
-           "  payload.x[-2].y as b "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"b">> := 3}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql1,
-                      context => #{payload => #{<<"x">> => [1,#{y => 3},4]},
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql1 =
+        "select "
+        "  payload.x[-2].y as b "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"b">> := 3}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql1,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => #{<<"x">> => [1, #{y => 3}, 4]},
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% array append to head or tail of a list:
-    Sql2 = "select "
-           "  payload.x as b, "
-           "  1 as c[-0], "
-           "  2 as c[-0], "
-           "  b as c[0] "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"b">> := 0, <<"c">> := [0,1,2]}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context => #{payload => #{<<"x">> => 0},
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql2 =
+        "select "
+        "  payload.x as b, "
+        "  1 as c[-0], "
+        "  2 as c[-0], "
+        "  b as c[0] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"b">> := 0, <<"c">> := [0, 1, 2]}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => #{<<"x">> => 0},
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% construct an empty list:
-    Sql3 = "select "
-           "  [] as c, "
-           "  1 as c[-0], "
-           "  2 as c[-0], "
-           "  0 as c[0] "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"c">> := [0,1,2]}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql3,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql3 =
+        "select "
+        "  [] as c, "
+        "  1 as c[-0], "
+        "  2 as c[-0], "
+        "  0 as c[0] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"c">> := [0, 1, 2]}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql3,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% construct a list:
-    Sql4 = "select "
-           "  [payload.a, \"topic\", 'c'] as c, "
-           "  1 as c[-0], "
-           "  2 as c[-0], "
-           "  0 as c[0] "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"c">> := [0,11,<<"t/a">>,<<"c">>,1,2]}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql4,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"a\":11}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>
-                                     }})).
+    Sql4 =
+        "select "
+        "  [payload.a, \"topic\", 'c'] as c, "
+        "  1 as c[-0], "
+        "  2 as c[-0], "
+        "  0 as c[0] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"c">> := [0, 11, <<"t/a">>, <<"c">>, 1, 2]}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql4,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"a\":11}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_array_index_3(_Config) ->
     %% array with json string payload:
-    Sql0 = "select "
-           "payload,"
-           "payload.x[2].y "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [1, #{<<"y">> := [1,2]}, 3]}}},
-            emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql0,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql0 =
+        "select "
+        "payload,"
+        "payload.x[2].y "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [1, #{<<"y">> := [1, 2]}, 3]}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql0,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% same as above but don't select payload:
-    Sql1 = "select "
-           "payload.x[2].y as b "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"b">> := [1,2]}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql1,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql1 =
+        "select "
+        "payload.x[2].y as b "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"b">> := [1, 2]}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql1,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% same as above but add 'as' clause:
-    Sql2 = "select "
-           "payload.x[2].y as b.c "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"b">> := #{<<"c">> := [1,2]}}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql2,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql2 =
+        "select "
+        "payload.x[2].y as b.c "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"b">> := #{<<"c">> := [1, 2]}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_array_index_4(_Config) ->
     %% array with json string payload:
-    Sql0 = "select "
-           "0 as payload.x[2].y "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [#{<<"y">> := 0}]}}},
-            emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql0,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    Sql0 =
+        "select "
+        "0 as payload.x[2].y "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [#{<<"y">> := 0}]}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql0,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% array with json string payload, and also select payload.x:
-    Sql1 = "select "
-           "payload.x, "
-           "0 as payload.x[2].y "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [1, #{<<"y">> := 0}, 3]}}},
-            emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql1,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql1 =
+        "select "
+        "payload.x, "
+        "0 as payload.x[2].y "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"x">> := [1, #{<<"y">> := 0}, 3]}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql1,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"x\": [1,{\"y\": [1,2]},3]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_array_index_5(_Config) ->
-    Sql00 = "select "
-            "  [1,2,3,4] "
-            "from \"t/#\" ",
+    Sql00 =
+        "select "
+        "  [1,2,3,4] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
     {ok, Res00} =
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql00,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
-    ?assert(lists:any(fun({_K, V}) ->
-            V =:= [1,2,3,4]
-        end, maps:to_list(Res00))).
+            #{
+                sql => Sql00,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        ),
+    ?assert(
+        lists:any(
+            fun({_K, V}) ->
+                V =:= [1, 2, 3, 4]
+            end,
+            maps:to_list(Res00)
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_select_matadata_1(_Config) ->
     %% array with json string payload:
-    Sql0 = "select "
-           "payload "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertNotMatch({ok, #{<<"payload">> := <<"abc">>, metadata := _}},
-            emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql0,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"abc">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    Sql1 = "select "
-           "payload, metadata "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"payload">> := <<"abc">>, <<"metadata">> := _}},
-            emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql1,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"abc">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql0 =
+        "select "
+        "payload "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertNotMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"payload">> := <<"abc">>, metadata := _}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql0,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"abc">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    Sql1 =
+        "select "
+        "payload, metadata "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"payload">> := <<"abc">>, <<"metadata">> := _}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql1,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"abc">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_array_range_1(_Config) ->
     %% get a range of list
-    Sql0 = "select "
-           "  payload.a[1..4] as c "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"c">> := [0,1,2,3]}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql0,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"a\":[0,1,2,3,4,5]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
-    %% get a range from non-list data
-    Sql02 = "select "
-           "  payload.a[1..4] as c "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({error, {select_and_transform_error, {error,{range_get,non_list_data},_}}},
+    Sql0 =
+        "select "
+        "  payload.a[1..4] as c "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"c">> := [0, 1, 2, 3]}},
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-            #{sql => Sql02,
+            #{
+                sql => Sql0,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"a\":[0,1,2,3,4,5]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
+    %% get a range from non-list data
+    Sql02 =
+        "select "
+        "  payload.a[1..4] as c "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, {select_and_transform_error, {error, {range_get, non_list_data}, _}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql02,
                 context =>
-                    #{payload => <<"{\"x\":[0,1,2,3,4,5]}">>,
-                      topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"{\"x\":[0,1,2,3,4,5]}">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% construct a range:
-    Sql1 = "select "
-           "  [1..4] as c, "
-           "  5 as c[-0], "
-           "  6 as c[-0], "
-           "  0 as c[0] "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"c">> := [0,1,2,3,4,5,6]}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql1,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql1 =
+        "select "
+        "  [1..4] as c, "
+        "  5 as c[-0], "
+        "  6 as c[-0], "
+        "  0 as c[0] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"c">> := [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql1,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_array_range_2(_Config) ->
     %% construct a range without 'as'
-    Sql00 = "select "
-            "  [1..4] "
-            "from \"t/#\" ",
+    Sql00 =
+        "select "
+        "  [1..4] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
     {ok, Res00} =
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql00,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
-    ?assert(lists:any(fun({_K, V}) ->
-            V =:= [1,2,3,4]
-        end, maps:to_list(Res00))),
+            #{
+                sql => Sql00,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        ),
+    ?assert(
+        lists:any(
+            fun({_K, V}) ->
+                V =:= [1, 2, 3, 4]
+            end,
+            maps:to_list(Res00)
+        )
+    ),
     %% construct a range without 'as'
-    Sql01 = "select "
-            "  a[2..4] "
-            "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"a">> := [2,3,4]}},
+    Sql01 =
+        "select "
+        "  a[2..4] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"a">> := [2, 3, 4]}},
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql01,
-                      context => #{<<"a">> => [1,2,3,4,5],
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+            #{
+                sql => Sql01,
+                context => #{
+                    <<"a">> => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
     %% get a range of list without 'as'
-    Sql02 = "select "
-           "  payload.a[1..4] "
-           "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"a">> := [0,1,2,3]}}}, emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql02,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"a\":[0,1,2,3,4,5]}">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    Sql02 =
+        "select "
+        "  payload.a[1..4] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"payload">> := #{<<"a">> := [0, 1, 2, 3]}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql02,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"{\"a\":[0,1,2,3,4,5]}">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_true_false(_Config) ->
     %% construct a range without 'as'
-    Sql00 = "select "
-            " true as a, false as b, "
-            " false as x.y, true as c[-0] "
-            "from \"t/#\" ",
+    Sql00 =
+        "select "
+        " true as a, false as b, "
+        " false as x.y, true as c[-0] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
     {ok, Res00} =
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql00,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
-    ?assertMatch(#{<<"a">> := true, <<"b">> := false,
-                   <<"x">> := #{<<"y">> := false},
-                   <<"c">> := [true]
-                   }, Res00).
+            #{
+                sql => Sql00,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"a">> := true,
+            <<"b">> := false,
+            <<"x">> := #{<<"y">> := false},
+            <<"c">> := [true]
+        },
+        Res00
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_undefined_variable(_Config) ->
     %% undefined == undefined
-    Sql00 = "select "
-            "a, b "
-            "from \"t/#\" "
-            "where a = b"
-            ,
+    Sql00 =
+        "select "
+        "a, b "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where a = b",
+
     {ok, Res00} = emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql00, context => #{payload => <<"">>, topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
+        #{sql => Sql00, context => #{payload => <<"">>, topic => <<"t/a">>}}
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(#{<<"a">> => undefined, <<"b">> => undefined}, Res00),
     ?assertEqual(2, map_size(Res00)),
     %% undefined compare to non-undefined variables should return false
-    Sql01 = "select "
-            "a, b "
-            "from \"t/#\" "
-            "where a > b"
-            ,
+    Sql01 =
+        "select "
+        "a, b "
+        "from \"t/#\" "
+        "where a > b",
+
     {error, nomatch} = emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql01,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"b\":1}">>, topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
-    Sql02 = "select "
-            "a < b as c "
-            "from \"t/#\" "
-            ,
+        #{
+            sql => Sql01,
+            context => #{payload => <<"{\"b\":1}">>, topic => <<"t/a">>}
+        }
+    ),
+    Sql02 =
+        "select "
+        "a < b as c "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+
     {ok, Res02} = emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql02,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"{\"b\":1}">>, topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
+        #{
+            sql => Sql02,
+            context => #{payload => <<"{\"b\":1}">>, topic => <<"t/a">>}
+        }
+    ),
     ?assertMatch(#{<<"c">> := false}, Res02).
 
 t_sqlparse_new_map(_Config) ->
     %% construct a range without 'as'
-    Sql00 = "select "
-            " map_new() as a, map_new() as b, "
-            " map_new() as x.y, map_new() as c[-0] "
-            "from \"t/#\" ",
+    Sql00 =
+        "select "
+        " map_new() as a, map_new() as b, "
+        " map_new() as x.y, map_new() as c[-0] "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
     {ok, Res00} =
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql00,
-                      context => #{payload => <<"">>,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
-    ?assertMatch(#{<<"a">> := #{}, <<"b">> := #{},
-                   <<"x">> := #{<<"y">> := #{}},
-                   <<"c">> := [#{}]
-                   }, Res00).
+            #{
+                sql => Sql00,
+                context => #{
+                    payload => <<"">>,
+                    topic => <<"t/a">>
+                }
+            }
+        ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"a">> := #{},
+            <<"b">> := #{},
+            <<"x">> := #{<<"y">> := #{}},
+            <<"c">> := [#{}]
+        },
+        Res00
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_payload_as(_Config) ->
     %% https://github.com/emqx/emqx/issues/3866
-    Sql00 = "SELECT "
-            " payload, map_get('engineWorkTime', payload.params, -1) as payload.params.engineWorkTime, "
-            " map_get('hydOilTem', payload.params, -1) as payload.params.hydOilTem "
-            "FROM \"t/#\" ",
-    Payload1 = <<"{ \"msgId\": 1002, \"params\": { \"convertTemp\": 20, \"engineSpeed\": 42, \"hydOilTem\": 30 } }">>,
+    Sql00 =
+        "SELECT "
+        " payload, map_get('engineWorkTime', payload.params, -1) as payload.params.engineWorkTime, "
+        " map_get('hydOilTem', payload.params, -1) as payload.params.hydOilTem "
+        "FROM \"t/#\" ",
+    Payload1 =
+        <<"{ \"msgId\": 1002, \"params\": { \"convertTemp\": 20, \"engineSpeed\": 42, \"hydOilTem\": 30 } }">>,
     {ok, Res01} = emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql00,
-                      context => #{payload => Payload1,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
-    ?assertMatch(#{
-        <<"payload">> := #{
-            <<"params">> := #{
-                <<"convertTemp">> := 20,
-                <<"engineSpeed">> := 42,
-                <<"engineWorkTime">> := -1,
-                <<"hydOilTem">> := 30
+        #{
+            sql => Sql00,
+            context => #{
+                payload => Payload1,
+                topic => <<"t/a">>
             }
         }
-    }, Res01),
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"payload">> := #{
+                <<"params">> := #{
+                    <<"convertTemp">> := 20,
+                    <<"engineSpeed">> := 42,
+                    <<"engineWorkTime">> := -1,
+                    <<"hydOilTem">> := 30
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        Res01
+    ),
 
     Payload2 = <<"{ \"msgId\": 1002, \"params\": { \"convertTemp\": 20, \"engineSpeed\": 42 } }">>,
     {ok, Res02} = emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                    #{sql => Sql00,
-                      context => #{payload => Payload2,
-                                     topic => <<"t/a">>}}),
-    ?assertMatch(#{
-        <<"payload">> := #{
-            <<"params">> := #{
-                <<"convertTemp">> := 20,
-                <<"engineSpeed">> := 42,
-                <<"engineWorkTime">> := -1,
-                <<"hydOilTem">> := -1
+        #{
+            sql => Sql00,
+            context => #{
+                payload => Payload2,
+                topic => <<"t/a">>
             }
         }
-    }, Res02).
+    ),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{
+            <<"payload">> := #{
+                <<"params">> := #{
+                    <<"convertTemp">> := 20,
+                    <<"engineSpeed">> := 42,
+                    <<"engineWorkTime">> := -1,
+                    <<"hydOilTem">> := -1
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        Res02
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_nested_get(_Config) ->
-    Sql = "select payload as p, p.a.b as c "
-          "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({ok,#{<<"c">> := 0}},
+    Sql =
+        "select payload as p, p.a.b as c "
+        "from \"t/#\" ",
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {ok, #{<<"c">> := 0}},
         emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-        #{sql => Sql,
-          context => #{
-              topic => <<"t/1">>,
-              payload => <<"{\"a\": {\"b\": 0}}">>
-          }})).
+            #{
+                sql => Sql,
+                context => #{
+                    topic => <<"t/1">>,
+                    payload => <<"{\"a\": {\"b\": 0}}">>
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_sqlparse_invalid_json(_Config) ->
-    Sql02 = "select "
+    Sql02 =
+        "select "
         "  payload.a[1..4] as c "
         "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({error, {select_and_transform_error, {error,{decode_json_failed,_},_}}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                   #{sql => Sql02,
-                     context =>
-                         #{payload => <<"{\"x\":[0,1,2,3,}">>,
-                           topic => <<"t/a">>}})),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, {select_and_transform_error, {error, {decode_json_failed, _}, _}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql02,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload => <<"{\"x\":[0,1,2,3,}">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ),
 
-
-    Sql2 = "foreach payload.sensors "
+    Sql2 =
+        "foreach payload.sensors "
         "do item.cmd as msg_type "
         "from \"t/#\" ",
-    ?assertMatch({error, {select_and_collect_error, {error,{decode_json_failed,_},_}}},
-                 emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
-                   #{sql => Sql2,
-                     context =>
-                         #{payload =>
-                               <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":\"1\"} {\"cmd\":}]}">>,
-                           topic => <<"t/a">>}})).
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {error, {select_and_collect_error, {error, {decode_json_failed, _}, _}}},
+        emqx_rule_sqltester:test(
+            #{
+                sql => Sql2,
+                context =>
+                    #{
+                        payload =>
+                            <<"{\"sensors\": [{\"cmd\":\"1\"} {\"cmd\":}]}">>,
+                        topic => <<"t/a">>
+                    }
+            }
+        )
+    ).
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Test cases for telemetry functions
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 t_get_basic_usage_info_0(_Config) ->
     ?assertEqual(
-      #{ num_rules => 0
-       , referenced_bridges => #{}
-       },
-      emqx_rule_engine:get_basic_usage_info()),
+        #{
+            num_rules => 0,
+            referenced_bridges => #{}
+        },
+        emqx_rule_engine:get_basic_usage_info()
+    ),
     ok.
 
 t_get_basic_usage_info_1(_Config) ->
     {ok, _} =
         emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-          #{id => <<"rule:t_get_basic_usage_info:1">>,
-            sql => <<"select 1 from topic">>,
-            outputs =>
-                [ #{function => <<"erlang:hibernate">>, args => #{}}
-                , #{function => console}
-                , <<"http:my_http_bridge">>
-                , <<"http:my_http_bridge">>
-                ]}),
+            #{
+                id => <<"rule:t_get_basic_usage_info:1">>,
+                sql => <<"select 1 from topic">>,
+                outputs =>
+                    [
+                        #{function => <<"erlang:hibernate">>, args => #{}},
+                        #{function => console},
+                        <<"http:my_http_bridge">>,
+                        <<"http:my_http_bridge">>
+                    ]
+            }
+        ),
     {ok, _} =
         emqx_rule_engine:create_rule(
-          #{id => <<"rule:t_get_basic_usage_info:2">>,
-            sql => <<"select 1 from topic">>,
-            outputs =>
-                [ <<"mqtt:my_mqtt_bridge">>
-                , <<"http:my_http_bridge">>
-                ]}),
+            #{
+                id => <<"rule:t_get_basic_usage_info:2">>,
+                sql => <<"select 1 from topic">>,
+                outputs =>
+                    [
+                        <<"mqtt:my_mqtt_bridge">>,
+                        <<"http:my_http_bridge">>
+                    ]
+            }
+        ),
     ?assertEqual(
-      #{ num_rules => 2
-       , referenced_bridges =>
-             #{ mqtt => 1
-              , http => 3
-              }
-       },
-      emqx_rule_engine:get_basic_usage_info()),
+        #{
+            num_rules => 2,
+            referenced_bridges =>
+                #{
+                    mqtt => 1,
+                    http => 3
+                }
+        },
+        emqx_rule_engine:get_basic_usage_info()
+    ),
     ok.
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1449,8 +2273,10 @@ t_get_basic_usage_info_1(_Config) ->
 republish_output(Topic) ->
     republish_output(Topic, <<"${payload}">>).
 republish_output(Topic, Payload) ->
-    #{function => republish,
-      args => #{payload => Payload, topic => Topic, qos => 0, retain => false}}.
+    #{
+        function => republish,
+        args => #{payload => Payload, topic => Topic, qos => 0, retain => false}
+    }.
 
 make_simple_rule_with_ts(RuleId, Ts) when is_binary(RuleId) ->
     SQL = <<"select * from \"simple/topic\"">>,
@@ -1467,15 +2293,15 @@ make_simple_rule(RuleId, SQL, Topics) when is_binary(RuleId) ->
 
 make_simple_rule(RuleId, SQL, Topics, Ts) when is_binary(RuleId) ->
     #{
-      id => RuleId,
-      sql => SQL,
-      from => Topics,
-      fields => [<<"*">>],
-      is_foreach => false,
-      conditions => {},
-      outputs => [#{mod => emqx_rule_outputs, func => console, args => #{}}],
-      description => <<"simple rule">>,
-      created_at => Ts
+        id => RuleId,
+        sql => SQL,
+        from => Topics,
+        fields => [<<"*">>],
+        is_foreach => false,
+        conditions => {},
+        outputs => [#{mod => emqx_rule_outputs, func => console, args => #{}}],
+        description => <<"simple rule">>,
+        created_at => Ts
     }.
 
 output_record_triggered_events(Data = #{event := EventName}, _Envs, _Args) ->
@@ -1488,34 +2314,39 @@ verify_event(EventName) ->
         [] ->
             ct:fail({no_such_event, EventName, ets:tab2list(events_record_tab)});
         Records ->
-            [begin
-                %% verify fields can be formatted to JSON string
-                _ = emqx_json:encode(Fields),
-                %% verify metadata fields
-                verify_metadata_fields(EventName, Fields),
-                %% verify available fields for each event name
-                verify_event_fields(EventName, Fields)
-            end || {_Name, Fields} <- Records]
+            [
+                begin
+                    %% verify fields can be formatted to JSON string
+                    _ = emqx_json:encode(Fields),
+                    %% verify metadata fields
+                    verify_metadata_fields(EventName, Fields),
+                    %% verify available fields for each event name
+                    verify_event_fields(EventName, Fields)
+                end
+             || {_Name, Fields} <- Records
+            ]
     end.
 
 verify_metadata_fields(_EventName, #{metadata := Metadata}) ->
     ?assertMatch(
         #{rule_id := <<"rule:t_events">>},
-        Metadata).
+        Metadata
+    ).
 
 verify_event_fields('message.publish', Fields) ->
-    #{id := ID,
-      clientid := ClientId,
-      username := Username,
-      payload := Payload,
-      peerhost := PeerHost,
-      topic := Topic,
-      qos := QoS,
-      flags := Flags,
-      headers := Headers,
-      pub_props := Properties,
-      timestamp := Timestamp,
-      publish_received_at := EventAt
+    #{
+        id := ID,
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        payload := Payload,
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        topic := Topic,
+        qos := QoS,
+        flags := Flags,
+        headers := Headers,
+        pub_props := Properties,
+        timestamp := Timestamp,
+        publish_received_at := EventAt
     } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
@@ -1530,25 +2361,25 @@ verify_event_fields('message.publish', Fields) ->
     ?assert(is_map(Flags)),
     ?assert(is_map(Headers)),
     ?assertMatch(#{'Message-Expiry-Interval' := 60}, Properties),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000),
-    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60*1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60 * 1000),
     ?assert(EventAt =< Timestamp);
-
 verify_event_fields('client.connected', Fields) ->
-    #{clientid := ClientId,
-      username := Username,
-      mountpoint := MountPoint,
-      peername := PeerName,
-      sockname := SockName,
-      proto_name := ProtoName,
-      proto_ver := ProtoVer,
-      keepalive := Keepalive,
-      clean_start := CleanStart,
-      expiry_interval := ExpiryInterval,
-      is_bridge := IsBridge,
-      conn_props := Properties,
-      timestamp := Timestamp,
-      connected_at := EventAt
+    #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        mountpoint := MountPoint,
+        peername := PeerName,
+        sockname := SockName,
+        proto_name := ProtoName,
+        proto_ver := ProtoVer,
+        keepalive := Keepalive,
+        clean_start := CleanStart,
+        expiry_interval := ExpiryInterval,
+        is_bridge := IsBridge,
+        conn_props := Properties,
+        timestamp := Timestamp,
+        connected_at := EventAt
     } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
@@ -1565,19 +2396,19 @@ verify_event_fields('client.connected', Fields) ->
     ?assertEqual(60, ExpiryInterval),
     ?assertEqual(false, IsBridge),
     ?assertMatch(#{'Session-Expiry-Interval' := 60}, Properties),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000),
-    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60*1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60 * 1000),
     ?assert(EventAt =< Timestamp);
-
 verify_event_fields('client.disconnected', Fields) ->
-    #{reason := Reason,
-      clientid := ClientId,
-      username := Username,
-      peername := PeerName,
-      sockname := SockName,
-      disconn_props := Properties,
-      timestamp := Timestamp,
-      disconnected_at := EventAt
+    #{
+        reason := Reason,
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        peername := PeerName,
+        sockname := SockName,
+        disconn_props := Properties,
+        timestamp := Timestamp,
+        disconnected_at := EventAt
     } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
@@ -1588,18 +2419,20 @@ verify_event_fields('client.disconnected', Fields) ->
     verify_peername(PeerName),
     verify_peername(SockName),
     ?assertMatch(#{'User-Property' := #{<<"reason">> := <<"normal">>}}, Properties),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000),
-    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60*1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60 * 1000),
     ?assert(EventAt =< Timestamp);
-
-verify_event_fields(SubUnsub, Fields) when SubUnsub == 'session.subscribed'
-                                         ; SubUnsub == 'session.unsubscribed' ->
-    #{clientid := ClientId,
-      username := Username,
-      peerhost := PeerHost,
-      topic := Topic,
-      qos := QoS,
-      timestamp := Timestamp
+verify_event_fields(SubUnsub, Fields) when
+    SubUnsub == 'session.subscribed';
+    SubUnsub == 'session.unsubscribed'
+->
+    #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        topic := Topic,
+        qos := QoS,
+        timestamp := Timestamp
     } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
@@ -1614,28 +2447,31 @@ verify_event_fields(SubUnsub, Fields) when SubUnsub == 'session.subscribed'
             'session.subscribed' -> sub_props;
             'session.unsubscribed' -> unsub_props
         end,
-    ?assertMatch(#{'User-Property' := #{<<"topic_name">> := <<"t1">>}},
-                 maps:get(PropKey, Fields)),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000);
-
+    ?assertMatch(
+        #{'User-Property' := #{<<"topic_name">> := <<"t1">>}},
+        maps:get(PropKey, Fields)
+    ),
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000);
 verify_event_fields('delivery.dropped', Fields) ->
-    #{event := 'delivery.dropped',
-      id := ID,
-      metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId},
-      reason := Reason,
-      clientid := ClientId,
-      username := Username,
-      from_clientid := FromClientId,
-      from_username := FromUsername,
-      node := Node,
-      payload := Payload,
-      peerhost := PeerHost,
-      pub_props := Properties,
-      publish_received_at := EventAt,
-      qos := QoS,
-      flags := Flags,
-      timestamp := Timestamp,
-      topic := Topic} = Fields,
+    #{
+        event := 'delivery.dropped',
+        id := ID,
+        metadata := #{rule_id := RuleId},
+        reason := Reason,
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        from_clientid := FromClientId,
+        from_username := FromUsername,
+        node := Node,
+        payload := Payload,
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        pub_props := Properties,
+        publish_received_at := EventAt,
+        qos := QoS,
+        flags := Flags,
+        timestamp := Timestamp,
+        topic := Topic
+    } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
     RcvdAtElapse = Now - EventAt,
@@ -1653,23 +2489,23 @@ verify_event_fields('delivery.dropped', Fields) ->
     ?assertEqual(1, QoS),
     ?assert(is_map(Flags)),
     ?assertMatch(#{'Message-Expiry-Interval' := 60}, Properties),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000),
-    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60*1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60 * 1000),
     ?assert(EventAt =< Timestamp);
-
 verify_event_fields('message.dropped', Fields) ->
-    #{id := ID,
-      reason := Reason,
-      clientid := ClientId,
-      username := Username,
-      payload := Payload,
-      peerhost := PeerHost,
-      topic := Topic,
-      qos := QoS,
-      flags := Flags,
-      pub_props := Properties,
-      timestamp := Timestamp,
-      publish_received_at := EventAt
+    #{
+        id := ID,
+        reason := Reason,
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        payload := Payload,
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        topic := Topic,
+        qos := QoS,
+        flags := Flags,
+        pub_props := Properties,
+        timestamp := Timestamp,
+        publish_received_at := EventAt
     } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
@@ -1684,24 +2520,24 @@ verify_event_fields('message.dropped', Fields) ->
     ?assertEqual(1, QoS),
     ?assert(is_map(Flags)),
     ?assertMatch(#{'Message-Expiry-Interval' := 60}, Properties),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000),
-    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60*1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60 * 1000),
     ?assert(EventAt =< Timestamp);
-
 verify_event_fields('message.delivered', Fields) ->
-    #{id := ID,
-      clientid := ClientId,
-      username := Username,
-      from_clientid := FromClientId,
-      from_username := FromUsername,
-      payload := Payload,
-      peerhost := PeerHost,
-      topic := Topic,
-      qos := QoS,
-      flags := Flags,
-      pub_props := Properties,
-      timestamp := Timestamp,
-      publish_received_at := EventAt
+    #{
+        id := ID,
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        from_clientid := FromClientId,
+        from_username := FromUsername,
+        payload := Payload,
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        topic := Topic,
+        qos := QoS,
+        flags := Flags,
+        pub_props := Properties,
+        timestamp := Timestamp,
+        publish_received_at := EventAt
     } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
@@ -1717,25 +2553,25 @@ verify_event_fields('message.delivered', Fields) ->
     ?assertEqual(1, QoS),
     ?assert(is_map(Flags)),
     ?assertMatch(#{'Message-Expiry-Interval' := 60}, Properties),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000),
-    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60*1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60 * 1000),
     ?assert(EventAt =< Timestamp);
-
 verify_event_fields('message.acked', Fields) ->
-    #{id := ID,
-      clientid := ClientId,
-      username := Username,
-      from_clientid := FromClientId,
-      from_username := FromUsername,
-      payload := Payload,
-      peerhost := PeerHost,
-      topic := Topic,
-      qos := QoS,
-      flags := Flags,
-      pub_props := PubProps,
-      puback_props := PubAckProps,
-      timestamp := Timestamp,
-      publish_received_at := EventAt
+    #{
+        id := ID,
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        username := Username,
+        from_clientid := FromClientId,
+        from_username := FromUsername,
+        payload := Payload,
+        peerhost := PeerHost,
+        topic := Topic,
+        qos := QoS,
+        flags := Flags,
+        pub_props := PubProps,
+        puback_props := PubAckProps,
+        timestamp := Timestamp,
+        publish_received_at := EventAt
     } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
@@ -1752,23 +2588,23 @@ verify_event_fields('message.acked', Fields) ->
     ?assert(is_map(Flags)),
     ?assertMatch(#{'Message-Expiry-Interval' := 60}, PubProps),
     ?assert(is_map(PubAckProps)),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000),
-    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60*1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000),
+    ?assert(0 =< RcvdAtElapse andalso RcvdAtElapse =< 60 * 1000),
     ?assert(EventAt =< Timestamp);
-
 verify_event_fields('client.connack', Fields) ->
-    #{clientid := ClientId,
-      clean_start := CleanStart,
-      username := Username,
-      peername := PeerName,
-      sockname := SockName,
-      proto_name := ProtoName,
-      proto_ver := ProtoVer,
-      keepalive := Keepalive,
-      expiry_interval := ExpiryInterval,
-      conn_props := Properties,
-      reason_code := Reason,
-      timestamp := Timestamp
+    #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        clean_start := CleanStart,
+        username := Username,
+        peername := PeerName,
+        sockname := SockName,
+        proto_name := ProtoName,
+        proto_ver := ProtoVer,
+        keepalive := Keepalive,
+        expiry_interval := ExpiryInterval,
+        conn_props := Properties,
+        reason_code := Reason,
+        timestamp := Timestamp
     } = Fields,
     Now = erlang:system_time(millisecond),
     TimestampElapse = Now - Timestamp,
@@ -1783,22 +2619,32 @@ verify_event_fields('client.connack', Fields) ->
     ?assert(is_boolean(CleanStart)),
     ?assertEqual(60000, ExpiryInterval),
     ?assertMatch(#{'Session-Expiry-Interval' := 60}, Properties),
-    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60*1000);
-
+    ?assert(0 =< TimestampElapse andalso TimestampElapse =< 60 * 1000);
 verify_event_fields('client.check_authz_complete', Fields) ->
-    #{clientid := ClientId,
-      action := Action,
-      result := Result,
-      topic := Topic,
-      authz_source := AuthzSource,
-      username := Username
-     } = Fields,
+    #{
+        clientid := ClientId,
+        action := Action,
+        result := Result,
+        topic := Topic,
+        authz_source := AuthzSource,
+        username := Username
+    } = Fields,
     ?assertEqual(<<"t1">>, Topic),
     ?assert(lists:member(Action, [subscribe, publish])),
     ?assert(lists:member(Result, [allow, deny])),
-    ?assert(lists:member(AuthzSource, [cache, default, file,
-                                       http, mongodb, mysql, redis,
-                                       postgresql, built_in_database])),
+    ?assert(
+        lists:member(AuthzSource, [
+            cache,
+            default,
+            file,
+            http,
+            mongodb,
+            mysql,
+            redis,
+            postgresql,
+            built_in_database
+        ])
+    ),
     ?assert(lists:member(ClientId, [<<"c_event">>, <<"c_event2">>])),
     ?assert(lists:member(Username, [<<"u_event">>, <<"u_event2">>])).
 
@@ -1807,7 +2653,8 @@ verify_peername(PeerName) ->
         [IPAddrS, PortS] ->
             verify_ipaddr(IPAddrS),
             _ = binary_to_integer(PortS);
-        _ -> ct:fail({invalid_peername, PeerName})
+        _ ->
+            ct:fail({invalid_peername, PeerName})
     end.
 
 verify_ipaddr(IPAddrS) ->
@@ -1821,24 +2668,31 @@ init_events_counters() ->
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 deps_path(App, RelativePath) ->
     Path0 = code:lib_dir(App),
-    Path = case file:read_link(Path0) of
-               {ok, Resolved} -> Resolved;
-               {error, _} -> Path0
-           end,
+    Path =
+        case file:read_link(Path0) of
+            {ok, Resolved} -> Resolved;
+            {error, _} -> Path0
+        end,
     filename:join([Path, RelativePath]).
 
 local_path(RelativePath) ->
     deps_path(emqx_rule_engine, RelativePath).
 
 insert_rules(Rules) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun(Rule) ->
-        ok = emqx_rule_engine:insert_rule(Rule)
-      end, Rules).
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(Rule) ->
+            ok = emqx_rule_engine:insert_rule(Rule)
+        end,
+        Rules
+    ).
 
 delete_rules_by_ids(Ids) ->
-    lists:foreach(fun(Id) ->
-        ok = emqx_rule_engine:delete_rule(Id)
-      end, Ids).
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(Id) ->
+            ok = emqx_rule_engine:delete_rule(Id)
+        end,
+        Ids
+    ).
 
 delete_rule(#{id := Id}) ->
     ok = emqx_rule_engine:delete_rule(Id);
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_engine_api_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_engine_api_SUITE.erl
index 498e34b4b..79a83ebaa 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_engine_api_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_engine_api_SUITE.erl
@@ -38,15 +38,19 @@ t_crud_rule_api(_Config) ->
     },
     {201, Rule} = emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules'(post, #{body => Params0}),
     %% if we post again with the same params, it return with 400 "rule id already exists"
-    ?assertMatch({400, #{code := _, message := _Message}},
-        emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules'(post, #{body => Params0})),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {400, #{code := _, message := _Message}},
+        emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules'(post, #{body => Params0})
+    ),
 
     ?assertEqual(RuleID, maps:get(id, Rule)),
     {200, Rules} = emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules'(get, #{}),
     ct:pal("RList : ~p", [Rules]),
     ?assert(length(Rules) > 0),
 
-    {200, Rule0} = emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id/reset_metrics'(put, #{bindings => #{id => RuleID}}),
+    {200, Rule0} = emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id/reset_metrics'(put, #{
+        bindings => #{id => RuleID}
+    }),
     ?assertEqual(<<"Reset Success">>, Rule0),
 
     {200, Rule1} = emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id'(get, #{bindings => #{id => RuleID}}),
@@ -54,19 +58,26 @@ t_crud_rule_api(_Config) ->
     ?assertEqual(Rule, Rule1),
 
     {200, Rule2} = emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id'(put, #{
-            bindings => #{id => RuleID},
-            body => Params0#{<<"sql">> => <<"select * from \"t/b\"">>}
-        }),
+        bindings => #{id => RuleID},
+        body => Params0#{<<"sql">> => <<"select * from \"t/b\"">>}
+    }),
 
     {200, Rule3} = emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id'(get, #{bindings => #{id => RuleID}}),
     %ct:pal("RShow : ~p", [Rule3]),
     ?assertEqual(Rule3, Rule2),
     ?assertEqual(<<"select * from \"t/b\"">>, maps:get(sql, Rule3)),
 
-    ?assertMatch({204}, emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id'(delete,
-        #{bindings => #{id => RuleID}})),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {204},
+        emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id'(
+            delete,
+            #{bindings => #{id => RuleID}}
+        )
+    ),
 
     %ct:pal("Show After Deleted: ~p", [NotFound]),
-    ?assertMatch({404, #{code := _, message := _Message}},
-        emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id'(get, #{bindings => #{id => RuleID}})),
+    ?assertMatch(
+        {404, #{code := _, message := _Message}},
+        emqx_rule_engine_api:'/rules/:id'(get, #{bindings => #{id => RuleID}})
+    ),
     ok.
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_events_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_events_SUITE.erl
index 0226066b3..ad8d28159 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_events_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_events_SUITE.erl
@@ -9,23 +9,30 @@ all() -> emqx_common_test_helpers:all(?MODULE).
 
 t_mod_hook_fun(_) ->
     Funcs = emqx_rule_events:module_info(exports),
-    [?assert(lists:keymember(emqx_rule_events:hook_fun(Event), 1, Funcs)) ||
-     Event <- ['client.connected',
-               'client.disconnected',
-               'session.subscribed',
-               'session.unsubscribed',
-               'message.acked',
-               'message.dropped',
-               'message.delivered'
-              ]].
+    [
+        ?assert(lists:keymember(emqx_rule_events:hook_fun(Event), 1, Funcs))
+     || Event <- [
+            'client.connected',
+            'client.disconnected',
+            'session.subscribed',
+            'session.unsubscribed',
+            'message.acked',
+            'message.dropped',
+            'message.delivered'
+        ]
+    ].
 
 t_printable_maps(_) ->
-    Headers = #{peerhost => {127,0,0,1},
-                peername => {{127,0,0,1}, 9980},
-                sockname => {{127,0,0,1}, 1883}
-                },
+    Headers = #{
+        peerhost => {127, 0, 0, 1},
+        peername => {{127, 0, 0, 1}, 9980},
+        sockname => {{127, 0, 0, 1}, 1883}
+    },
     ?assertMatch(
-        #{peerhost := <<"127.0.0.1">>,
-          peername := <<"127.0.0.1:9980">>,
-          sockname := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
-        }, emqx_rule_events:printable_maps(Headers)).
+        #{
+            peerhost := <<"127.0.0.1">>,
+            peername := <<"127.0.0.1:9980">>,
+            sockname := <<"127.0.0.1:1883">>
+        },
+        emqx_rule_events:printable_maps(Headers)
+    ).
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_funcs_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_funcs_SUITE.erl
index a795e2cda..132f874e4 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_funcs_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_funcs_SUITE.erl
@@ -35,7 +35,9 @@
 t_msgid(_) ->
     Msg = message(),
     ?assertEqual(undefined, apply_func(msgid, [], #{})),
-    ?assertEqual(emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_message:id(Msg)), apply_func(msgid, [], eventmsg_publish(Msg))).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        emqx_guid:to_hexstr(emqx_message:id(Msg)), apply_func(msgid, [], eventmsg_publish(Msg))
+    ).
 
 t_qos(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(undefined, apply_func(qos, [], #{})),
@@ -61,12 +63,12 @@ t_clientid(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(<<"clientid">>, apply_func(clientid, [], Msg)).
 
 t_clientip(_) ->
-    Msg = emqx_message:set_header(peerhost, {127,0,0,1}, message()),
+    Msg = emqx_message:set_header(peerhost, {127, 0, 0, 1}, message()),
     ?assertEqual(undefined, apply_func(clientip, [], #{})),
     ?assertEqual(<<"127.0.0.1">>, apply_func(clientip, [], eventmsg_publish(Msg))).
 
 t_peerhost(_) ->
-    Msg = emqx_message:set_header(peerhost, {127,0,0,1}, message()),
+    Msg = emqx_message:set_header(peerhost, {127, 0, 0, 1}, message()),
     ?assertEqual(undefined, apply_func(peerhost, [], #{})),
     ?assertEqual(<<"127.0.0.1">>, apply_func(peerhost, [], eventmsg_publish(Msg))).
 
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@ t_str(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(<<"abc">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str("abc")),
     ?assertEqual(<<"abc">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str(abc)),
     ?assertEqual(<<"{\"a\":1}">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str(#{a => 1})),
-    ?assertEqual(<<"[{\"a\":1},{\"b\":1}]">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str([#{a => 1},#{b => 1}])),
+    ?assertEqual(<<"[{\"a\":1},{\"b\":1}]">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str([#{a => 1}, #{b => 1}])),
     ?assertEqual(<<"1">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str(1)),
     ?assertEqual(<<"2.0">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str(2.0)),
     ?assertEqual(<<"true">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str(true)),
@@ -97,7 +99,9 @@ t_str(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(<<"abc 你好"/utf8>>, emqx_rule_funcs:str_utf8("abc 你好")),
     ?assertEqual(<<"abc 你好"/utf8>>, emqx_rule_funcs:str_utf8(<<"abc 你好"/utf8>>)),
     ?assertEqual(<<"abc">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str_utf8(abc)),
-    ?assertEqual(<<"{\"a\":\"abc 你好\"}"/utf8>>, emqx_rule_funcs:str_utf8(#{a => <<"abc 你好"/utf8>>})),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        <<"{\"a\":\"abc 你好\"}"/utf8>>, emqx_rule_funcs:str_utf8(#{a => <<"abc 你好"/utf8>>})
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(<<"1">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str_utf8(1)),
     ?assertEqual(<<"2.0">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str_utf8(2.0)),
     ?assertEqual(<<"true">>, emqx_rule_funcs:str_utf8(true)),
@@ -126,7 +130,9 @@ t_float(_) ->
     ?assertError(_, emqx_rule_funcs:float("a")).
 
 t_map(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(#{ver => <<"1.0">>, name => "emqx"}, emqx_rule_funcs:map([{ver, <<"1.0">>}, {name, "emqx"}])),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{ver => <<"1.0">>, name => "emqx"}, emqx_rule_funcs:map([{ver, <<"1.0">>}, {name, "emqx"}])
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(#{<<"a">> => 1}, emqx_rule_funcs:map(<<"{\"a\":1}">>)),
     ?assertError(_, emqx_rule_funcs:map(<<"a">>)),
     ?assertError(_, emqx_rule_funcs:map("a")),
@@ -151,31 +157,42 @@ t_proc_dict_put_get_del(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(undefined, emqx_rule_funcs:proc_dict_get(<<"abc">>)).
 
 t_term_encode(_) ->
-    TestData = [<<"abc">>, #{a => 1}, #{<<"3">> => [1,2,4]}],
-    lists:foreach(fun(Data) ->
-            ?assertEqual(Data,
+    TestData = [<<"abc">>, #{a => 1}, #{<<"3">> => [1, 2, 4]}],
+    lists:foreach(
+        fun(Data) ->
+            ?assertEqual(
+                Data,
                 emqx_rule_funcs:term_decode(
-                    emqx_rule_funcs:term_encode(Data)))
-        end, TestData).
+                    emqx_rule_funcs:term_encode(Data)
+                )
+            )
+        end,
+        TestData
+    ).
 
 t_hexstr2bin(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(<<1,2>>, emqx_rule_funcs:hexstr2bin(<<"0102">>)),
-    ?assertEqual(<<17,33>>, emqx_rule_funcs:hexstr2bin(<<"1121">>)).
+    ?assertEqual(<<1, 2>>, emqx_rule_funcs:hexstr2bin(<<"0102">>)),
+    ?assertEqual(<<17, 33>>, emqx_rule_funcs:hexstr2bin(<<"1121">>)).
 
 t_bin2hexstr(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(<<"0102">>, emqx_rule_funcs:bin2hexstr(<<1,2>>)),
-    ?assertEqual(<<"1121">>, emqx_rule_funcs:bin2hexstr(<<17,33>>)).
+    ?assertEqual(<<"0102">>, emqx_rule_funcs:bin2hexstr(<<1, 2>>)),
+    ?assertEqual(<<"1121">>, emqx_rule_funcs:bin2hexstr(<<17, 33>>)).
 
 t_hex_convert(_) ->
     ?PROPTEST(hex_convert).
 
 hex_convert() ->
-    ?FORALL(L, list(range(0, 255)),
-            begin
-                AbitraryBin = list_to_binary(L),
-                AbitraryBin == emqx_rule_funcs:hexstr2bin(
-                    emqx_rule_funcs:bin2hexstr(AbitraryBin))
-            end).
+    ?FORALL(
+        L,
+        list(range(0, 255)),
+        begin
+            AbitraryBin = list_to_binary(L),
+            AbitraryBin ==
+                emqx_rule_funcs:hexstr2bin(
+                    emqx_rule_funcs:bin2hexstr(AbitraryBin)
+                )
+        end
+    ).
 
 t_is_null(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_null(undefined)),
@@ -184,50 +201,80 @@ t_is_null(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_null(<<"a">>)).
 
 t_is_not_null(_) ->
-    [?assertEqual(emqx_rule_funcs:is_not_null(T), not emqx_rule_funcs:is_null(T))
-     || T <- [undefined, a, <<"a">>, <<>>]].
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(emqx_rule_funcs:is_not_null(T), not emqx_rule_funcs:is_null(T))
+     || T <- [undefined, a, <<"a">>, <<>>]
+    ].
 
 t_is_str(_) ->
-    [?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_str(T))
-     || T <- [<<"a">>, <<>>, <<"abc">>]],
-    [?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_str(T))
-     || T <- ["a", a, 1]].
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_str(T))
+     || T <- [<<"a">>, <<>>, <<"abc">>]
+    ],
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_str(T))
+     || T <- ["a", a, 1]
+    ].
 
 t_is_bool(_) ->
-    [?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_bool(T))
-     || T <- [true, false]],
-    [?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_bool(T))
-     || T <- ["a", <<>>, a, 2]].
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_bool(T))
+     || T <- [true, false]
+    ],
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_bool(T))
+     || T <- ["a", <<>>, a, 2]
+    ].
 
 t_is_int(_) ->
-    [?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_int(T))
-     || T <- [1, 2, -1]],
-    [?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_int(T))
-     || T <- [1.1, "a", a]].
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_int(T))
+     || T <- [1, 2, -1]
+    ],
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_int(T))
+     || T <- [1.1, "a", a]
+    ].
 
 t_is_float(_) ->
-    [?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_float(T))
-     || T <- [1.1, 2.0, -1.2]],
-    [?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_float(T))
-     || T <- [1, "a", a, <<>>]].
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_float(T))
+     || T <- [1.1, 2.0, -1.2]
+    ],
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_float(T))
+     || T <- [1, "a", a, <<>>]
+    ].
 
 t_is_num(_) ->
-    [?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_num(T))
-     || T <- [1.1, 2.0, -1.2, 1]],
-    [?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_num(T))
-     || T <- ["a", a, <<>>]].
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_num(T))
+     || T <- [1.1, 2.0, -1.2, 1]
+    ],
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_num(T))
+     || T <- ["a", a, <<>>]
+    ].
 
 t_is_map(_) ->
-    [?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_map(T))
-     || T <- [#{}, #{a =>1}]],
-    [?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_map(T))
-     || T <- ["a", a, <<>>]].
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_map(T))
+     || T <- [#{}, #{a => 1}]
+    ],
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_map(T))
+     || T <- ["a", a, <<>>]
+    ].
 
 t_is_array(_) ->
-    [?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_array(T))
-     || T <- [[], [1,2]]],
-    [?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_array(T))
-     || T <- [<<>>, a]].
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(true, emqx_rule_funcs:is_array(T))
+     || T <- [[], [1, 2]]
+    ],
+    [
+        ?assertEqual(false, emqx_rule_funcs:is_array(T))
+     || T <- [<<>>, a]
+    ].
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Test cases for arith op
@@ -237,22 +284,30 @@ t_arith_op(_) ->
     ?PROPTEST(prop_arith_op).
 
 prop_arith_op() ->
-    ?FORALL({X, Y}, {number(), number()},
-            begin
-                (X + Y) == apply_func('+', [X, Y]) andalso
+    ?FORALL(
+        {X, Y},
+        {number(), number()},
+        begin
+            (X + Y) == apply_func('+', [X, Y]) andalso
                 (X - Y) == apply_func('-', [X, Y]) andalso
                 (X * Y) == apply_func('*', [X, Y]) andalso
-                (if Y =/= 0 ->
+                (if
+                    Y =/= 0 ->
                         (X / Y) == apply_func('/', [X, Y]);
-                    true -> true
-                 end) andalso
-                (case is_integer(X)
-                     andalso is_pos_integer(Y) of
-                     true ->
-                         (X rem Y) == apply_func('mod', [X, Y]);
-                     false -> true
+                    true ->
+                        true
+                end) andalso
+                (case
+                    is_integer(X) andalso
+                        is_pos_integer(Y)
+                of
+                    true ->
+                        (X rem Y) == apply_func('mod', [X, Y]);
+                    false ->
+                        true
                 end)
-            end).
+        end
+    ).
 
 is_pos_integer(X) ->
     is_integer(X) andalso X > 0.
@@ -266,29 +321,45 @@ t_math_fun(_) ->
 
 prop_math_fun() ->
     Excluded = [module_info, atanh, asin, acos],
-    MathFuns = [{F, A} || {F, A} <- math:module_info(exports),
-                          not lists:member(F, Excluded),
-                          erlang:function_exported(emqx_rule_funcs, F, A)],
-    ?FORALL({X, Y}, {pos_integer(), pos_integer()},
-            begin
-                lists:foldl(fun({F, 1}, True) ->
-                                    True andalso comp_with_math(F, X);
-                               ({F = fmod, 2}, True) ->
-                                    True andalso (if Y =/= 0 ->
-                                                         comp_with_math(F, X, Y);
-                                                     true -> true
-                                                  end);
-                               ({F, 2}, True) ->
-                                    True andalso comp_with_math(F, X, Y)
-                            end, true, MathFuns)
-            end).
+    MathFuns = [
+        {F, A}
+     || {F, A} <- math:module_info(exports),
+        not lists:member(F, Excluded),
+        erlang:function_exported(emqx_rule_funcs, F, A)
+    ],
+    ?FORALL(
+        {X, Y},
+        {pos_integer(), pos_integer()},
+        begin
+            lists:foldl(
+                fun
+                    ({F, 1}, True) ->
+                        True andalso comp_with_math(F, X);
+                    ({F = fmod, 2}, True) ->
+                        True andalso
+                            (if
+                                Y =/= 0 ->
+                                    comp_with_math(F, X, Y);
+                                true ->
+                                    true
+                            end);
+                    ({F, 2}, True) ->
+                        True andalso comp_with_math(F, X, Y)
+                end,
+                true,
+                MathFuns
+            )
+        end
+    ).
 
-comp_with_math(Fun, X)
-        when Fun =:= exp;
-             Fun =:= sinh;
-             Fun =:= cosh ->
-    if X < 710 -> math:Fun(X) == apply_func(Fun, [X]);
-       true -> true
+comp_with_math(Fun, X) when
+    Fun =:= exp;
+    Fun =:= sinh;
+    Fun =:= cosh
+->
+    if
+        X < 710 -> math:Fun(X) == apply_func(Fun, [X]);
+        true -> true
     end;
 comp_with_math(F, X) ->
     math:F(X) == apply_func(F, [X]).
@@ -304,15 +375,18 @@ t_bits_op(_) ->
     ?PROPTEST(prop_bits_op).
 
 prop_bits_op() ->
-    ?FORALL({X, Y}, {integer(), integer()},
-            begin
-                (bnot X) == apply_func(bitnot, [X]) andalso
+    ?FORALL(
+        {X, Y},
+        {integer(), integer()},
+        begin
+            (bnot X) == apply_func(bitnot, [X]) andalso
                 (X band Y) == apply_func(bitand, [X, Y]) andalso
                 (X bor Y) == apply_func(bitor, [X, Y]) andalso
                 (X bxor Y) == apply_func(bitxor, [X, Y]) andalso
                 (X bsl Y) == apply_func(bitsl, [X, Y]) andalso
                 (X bsr Y) == apply_func(bitsr, [X, Y])
-            end).
+        end
+    ).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Test cases for string
@@ -346,77 +420,140 @@ t_trim(_) ->
 t_split_all(_) ->
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(split, [<<>>, <<"/">>])),
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(split, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c">>, <<",">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<" b ">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a, b ,c">>, <<",">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>])).
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c">>, <<",">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<" b ">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a, b ,c">>, <<",">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>])).
 
 t_split_notrim_all(_) ->
     ?assertEqual([<<>>], apply_func(split, [<<>>, <<"/">>, <<"notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<>>,<<>>], apply_func(split, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>, <<"notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<>>, <<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>, <<"notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<>>, <<"a">>,<<"b">>, <<>>, <<"c">>, <<>>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<>>, <<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<",a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<" b">>,<<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a, b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"哈哈"/utf8>>,<<" 你好"/utf8>>,<<" 是的\r\n"/utf8>>], apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"notrim">>])).
+    ?assertEqual([<<>>, <<>>], apply_func(split, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>, <<"notrim">>])),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<>>, <<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>, <<"notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<>>, <<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<>>, <<"c">>, <<>>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<>>, <<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c\n">>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<",a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a">>, <<" b">>, <<"c\r\n">>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"a, b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"哈哈"/utf8>>, <<" 你好"/utf8>>, <<" 是的\r\n"/utf8>>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"notrim">>])
+    ).
 
 t_split_leading(_) ->
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(split, [<<>>, <<"/">>, <<"leading">>])),
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(split, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading">>])),
     ?assertEqual([<<"a/b/c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b//c/">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b,c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"leading">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a b">>,<<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"leading">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"哈哈"/utf8>>,<<" 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>], apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"leading">>])).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a">>, <<"b//c/">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a">>, <<"b,c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"leading">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a b">>, <<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"leading">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"哈哈"/utf8>>, <<" 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"leading">>])
+    ).
 
 t_split_leading_notrim(_) ->
     ?assertEqual([<<>>], apply_func(split, [<<>>, <<"/">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<>>,<<>>], apply_func(split, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<>>, <<"a/b/c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b//c/">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b,c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a b">>,<<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"哈哈"/utf8>>,<<" 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>], apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])).
+    ?assertEqual([<<>>, <<>>], apply_func(split, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<>>, <<"a/b/c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a">>, <<"b//c/">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a">>, <<"b,c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a b">>, <<"c\r\n">>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"a b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"哈哈"/utf8>>, <<" 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"leading_notrim">>])
+    ).
 
 t_split_trailing(_) ->
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(split, [<<>>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing">>])),
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(split, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing">>])),
     ?assertEqual([<<"/a/b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing">>])),
     ?assertEqual([<<"a/b//c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a,b">>,<<"c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"trailing">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a b">>,<<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"trailing">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"哈哈, 你好"/utf8>>,<<" 是的\r\n"/utf8>>], apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"trailing">>])).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a,b">>, <<"c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"trailing">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a b">>, <<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"trailing">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"哈哈, 你好"/utf8>>, <<" 是的\r\n"/utf8>>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"trailing">>])
+    ).
 
 t_split_trailing_notrim(_) ->
     ?assertEqual([<<>>], apply_func(split, [<<>>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])),
     ?assertEqual([<<>>, <<>>], apply_func(split, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"/a/b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a/b//c">>, <<>>], apply_func(split, [<<"a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a,b">>,<<"c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a b">>,<<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"哈哈, 你好"/utf8>>,<<" 是的\r\n"/utf8>>], apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"/a/b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(split, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a/b//c">>, <<>>], apply_func(split, [<<"a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a,b">>, <<"c\n">>], apply_func(split, [<<"a,b,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a b">>, <<"c\r\n">>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"a b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"哈哈, 你好"/utf8>>, <<" 是的\r\n"/utf8>>],
+        apply_func(split, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<",">>, <<"trailing_notrim">>])
+    ).
 
 t_tokens(_) ->
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(tokens, [<<>>, <<"/">>])),
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(tokens, [<<"/">>, <<"/">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"/a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<" /a/ b /c">>, <<" /">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"\nb">>,<<"c\n">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a ,\nb,c\n">>, <<", ">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a ,b,c\r\n">>, <<", ">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a,b, c\n">>, <<", ">>, <<"nocrlf">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a,b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"nocrlf">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>,<<"b">>,<<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a,b\r\n,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"nocrlf">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"/a/b/c">>, <<"/">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"/a/b//c/">>, <<"/">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<" /a/ b /c">>, <<" /">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"\nb">>, <<"c\n">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a ,\nb,c\n">>, <<", ">>])),
+    ?assertEqual([<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c\r\n">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a ,b,c\r\n">>, <<", ">>])),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a,b, c\n">>, <<", ">>, <<"nocrlf">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a,b,c\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"nocrlf">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"a,b\r\n,c\n">>, <<",">>, <<"nocrlf">>])
+    ),
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(tokens, [<<"\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"nocrlf">>])),
     ?assertEqual([], apply_func(tokens, [<<"\r\n">>, <<",">>, <<"nocrlf">>])),
-    ?assertEqual([<<"哈哈"/utf8>>,<<"你好"/utf8>>,<<"是的"/utf8>>], apply_func(tokens, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<", ">>, <<"nocrlf">>])).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [<<"哈哈"/utf8>>, <<"你好"/utf8>>, <<"是的"/utf8>>],
+        apply_func(tokens, [<<"哈哈, 你好, 是的\r\n"/utf8>>, <<", ">>, <<"nocrlf">>])
+    ).
 
 t_concat(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(<<"ab">>, apply_func(concat, [<<"a">>, <<"b">>])),
     ?assertEqual(<<"ab">>, apply_func('+', [<<"a">>, <<"b">>])),
-    ?assertEqual(<<"哈哈你好"/utf8>>, apply_func(concat, [<<"哈哈"/utf8>>,<<"你好"/utf8>>])),
+    ?assertEqual(<<"哈哈你好"/utf8>>, apply_func(concat, [<<"哈哈"/utf8>>, <<"你好"/utf8>>])),
     ?assertEqual(<<"abc">>, apply_func(concat, [apply_func(concat, [<<"a">>, <<"b">>]), <<"c">>])),
     ?assertEqual(<<"a">>, apply_func(concat, [<<"">>, <<"a">>])),
     ?assertEqual(<<"a">>, apply_func(concat, [<<"a">>, <<"">>])),
@@ -424,8 +561,13 @@ t_concat(_) ->
 
 t_sprintf(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(<<"Hello Shawn!">>, apply_func(sprintf, [<<"Hello ~ts!">>, <<"Shawn">>])),
-    ?assertEqual(<<"Name: ABC, Count: 2">>, apply_func(sprintf, [<<"Name: ~ts, Count: ~p">>, <<"ABC">>, 2])),
-    ?assertEqual(<<"Name: ABC, Count: 2, Status: {ok,running}">>, apply_func(sprintf, [<<"Name: ~ts, Count: ~p, Status: ~p">>, <<"ABC">>, 2, {ok, running}])).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        <<"Name: ABC, Count: 2">>, apply_func(sprintf, [<<"Name: ~ts, Count: ~p">>, <<"ABC">>, 2])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        <<"Name: ABC, Count: 2, Status: {ok,running}">>,
+        apply_func(sprintf, [<<"Name: ~ts, Count: ~p, Status: ~p">>, <<"ABC">>, 2, {ok, running}])
+    ).
 
 t_pad(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(<<"abc  ">>, apply_func(pad, [<<"abc">>, 5])),
@@ -449,8 +591,12 @@ t_replace(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(<<"ab-c--">>, apply_func(replace, [<<"ab c  ">>, <<" ">>, <<"-">>])),
     ?assertEqual(<<"ab::c::::">>, apply_func(replace, [<<"ab c  ">>, <<" ">>, <<"::">>])),
     ?assertEqual(<<"ab-c--">>, apply_func(replace, [<<"ab c  ">>, <<" ">>, <<"-">>, <<"all">>])),
-    ?assertEqual(<<"ab-c  ">>, apply_func(replace, [<<"ab c  ">>, <<" ">>, <<"-">>, <<"leading">>])),
-    ?assertEqual(<<"ab c -">>, apply_func(replace, [<<"ab c  ">>, <<" ">>, <<"-">>, <<"trailing">>])).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        <<"ab-c  ">>, apply_func(replace, [<<"ab c  ">>, <<" ">>, <<"-">>, <<"leading">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        <<"ab c -">>, apply_func(replace, [<<"ab c  ">>, <<" ">>, <<"-">>, <<"trailing">>])
+    ).
 
 t_ascii(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(97, apply_func(ascii, [<<"a">>])),
@@ -483,7 +629,7 @@ t_regex_replace(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(<<"aebed">>, apply_func(regex_replace, [<<"accbcd">>, <<"c+">>, <<"e">>])),
     ?assertEqual(<<"a[cc]b[c]d">>, apply_func(regex_replace, [<<"accbcd">>, <<"c+">>, <<"[&]">>])).
 
-ascii_string() -> list(range(0,127)).
+ascii_string() -> list(range(0, 127)).
 
 bin(S) -> iolist_to_binary(S).
 
@@ -492,34 +638,34 @@ bin(S) -> iolist_to_binary(S).
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 t_nth(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(2, apply_func(nth, [2, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual(4, apply_func(nth, [4, [1,2,3,4]])).
+    ?assertEqual(2, apply_func(nth, [2, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual(4, apply_func(nth, [4, [1, 2, 3, 4]])).
 
 t_length(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(4, apply_func(length, [[1,2,3,4]])),
+    ?assertEqual(4, apply_func(length, [[1, 2, 3, 4]])),
     ?assertEqual(0, apply_func(length, [[]])).
 
 t_slice(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual([1,2,3,4], apply_func(sublist, [4, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,2], apply_func(sublist, [2, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual([4], apply_func(sublist, [4, 1, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual([4], apply_func(sublist, [4, 2, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual([], apply_func(sublist, [5, 2, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual([2,3], apply_func(sublist, [2, 2, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual([1], apply_func(sublist, [1, 1, [1,2,3,4]])).
+    ?assertEqual([1, 2, 3, 4], apply_func(sublist, [4, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, 2], apply_func(sublist, [2, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual([4], apply_func(sublist, [4, 1, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual([4], apply_func(sublist, [4, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual([], apply_func(sublist, [5, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual([2, 3], apply_func(sublist, [2, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual([1], apply_func(sublist, [1, 1, [1, 2, 3, 4]])).
 
 t_first_last(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(1, apply_func(first, [[1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual(4, apply_func(last, [[1,2,3,4]])).
+    ?assertEqual(1, apply_func(first, [[1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual(4, apply_func(last, [[1, 2, 3, 4]])).
 
 t_contains(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(true, apply_func(contains, [1, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual(true, apply_func(contains, [3, [1,2,3,4]])),
-    ?assertEqual(true, apply_func(contains, [<<"a">>, [<<>>,<<"ab">>,3,<<"a">>]])),
-    ?assertEqual(true, apply_func(contains, [#{a=>b}, [#{a=>1}, #{a=>b}]])),
-    ?assertEqual(false, apply_func(contains, [#{a=>b}, [#{a=>1}]])),
+    ?assertEqual(true, apply_func(contains, [1, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual(true, apply_func(contains, [3, [1, 2, 3, 4]])),
+    ?assertEqual(true, apply_func(contains, [<<"a">>, [<<>>, <<"ab">>, 3, <<"a">>]])),
+    ?assertEqual(true, apply_func(contains, [#{a => b}, [#{a => 1}, #{a => b}]])),
+    ?assertEqual(false, apply_func(contains, [#{a => b}, [#{a => 1}]])),
     ?assertEqual(false, apply_func(contains, [3, [1, 2]])),
-    ?assertEqual(false, apply_func(contains, [<<"c">>, [<<>>,<<"ab">>,3,<<"a">>]])).
+    ?assertEqual(false, apply_func(contains, [<<"c">>, [<<>>, <<"ab">>, 3, <<"a">>]])).
 
 t_map_get(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(1, apply_func(map_get, [<<"a">>, #{a => 1}])),
@@ -532,7 +678,9 @@ t_map_put(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(#{<<"a">> => 1}, apply_func(map_put, [<<"a">>, 1, #{}])),
     ?assertEqual(#{a => 2}, apply_func(map_put, [<<"a">>, 2, #{a => 1}])),
     ?assertEqual(#{<<"a">> => #{<<"b">> => 1}}, apply_func(map_put, [<<"a.b">>, 1, #{}])),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => #{b => 1, <<"c">> => 1}}, apply_func(map_put, [<<"a.c">>, 1, #{a => #{b => 1}}])),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{a => #{b => 1, <<"c">> => 1}}, apply_func(map_put, [<<"a.c">>, 1, #{a => #{b => 1}}])
+    ),
     ?assertEqual(#{a => 2}, apply_func(map_put, [<<"a">>, 2, #{a => 1}])).
 
 t_mget(_) ->
@@ -579,20 +727,26 @@ t_subbits2_1(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(127, apply_func(subbits, [<<255:8>>, 2, 7])),
     ?assertEqual(127, apply_func(subbits, [<<255:8>>, 2, 8])).
 t_subbits2_integer(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(456, apply_func(subbits, [<<456:32/integer>>, 1, 32, <<"integer">>, <<"signed">>, <<"big">>])),
-    ?assertEqual(-456, apply_func(subbits, [<<-456:32/integer>>, 1, 32, <<"integer">>, <<"signed">>, <<"big">>])).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        456,
+        apply_func(subbits, [<<456:32/integer>>, 1, 32, <<"integer">>, <<"signed">>, <<"big">>])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        -456,
+        apply_func(subbits, [<<-456:32/integer>>, 1, 32, <<"integer">>, <<"signed">>, <<"big">>])
+    ).
 
 t_subbits2_float(_) ->
     R = apply_func(subbits, [<<5.3:64/float>>, 1, 64, <<"float">>, <<"unsigned">>, <<"big">>]),
     RL = (5.3 - R),
     ct:pal(";;;;~p", [R]),
-    ?assert( (RL >= 0 andalso RL < 0.0001) orelse (RL =< 0 andalso RL > -0.0001)),
+    ?assert((RL >= 0 andalso RL < 0.0001) orelse (RL =< 0 andalso RL > -0.0001)),
 
     R2 = apply_func(subbits, [<<-5.3:64/float>>, 1, 64, <<"float">>, <<"signed">>, <<"big">>]),
 
     RL2 = (5.3 + R2),
     ct:pal(";;;;~p", [R2]),
-    ?assert( (RL2 >= 0 andalso RL2 < 0.0001) orelse (RL2 =< 0 andalso RL2 > -0.0001)).
+    ?assert((RL2 >= 0 andalso RL2 < 0.0001) orelse (RL2 =< 0 andalso RL2 > -0.0001)).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Test cases for Hash funcs
@@ -602,12 +756,15 @@ t_hash_funcs(_) ->
     ?PROPTEST(prop_hash_fun).
 
 prop_hash_fun() ->
-    ?FORALL(S, binary(),
-            begin
-                (32 == byte_size(apply_func(md5, [S]))) andalso
+    ?FORALL(
+        S,
+        binary(),
+        begin
+            (32 == byte_size(apply_func(md5, [S]))) andalso
                 (40 == byte_size(apply_func(sha, [S]))) andalso
                 (64 == byte_size(apply_func(sha256, [S])))
-            end).
+        end
+    ).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Test cases for base64
@@ -617,72 +774,131 @@ t_base64_encode(_) ->
     ?PROPTEST(prop_base64_encode).
 
 prop_base64_encode() ->
-    ?FORALL(S, list(range(0, 255)),
-            begin
-                Bin = iolist_to_binary(S),
-                Bin == base64:decode(apply_func(base64_encode, [Bin]))
-            end).
+    ?FORALL(
+        S,
+        list(range(0, 255)),
+        begin
+            Bin = iolist_to_binary(S),
+            Bin == base64:decode(apply_func(base64_encode, [Bin]))
+        end
+    ).
 
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Date functions
 %%--------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 t_now_rfc3339(_) ->
-    ?assert(is_integer(
-        calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(
-            binary_to_list(apply_func(now_rfc3339, []))))).
+    ?assert(
+        is_integer(
+            calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(
+                binary_to_list(apply_func(now_rfc3339, []))
+            )
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_now_rfc3339_1(_) ->
-    [?assert(is_integer(
-        calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(
-            binary_to_list(apply_func(now_rfc3339, [atom_to_binary(Unit, utf8)])),
-            [{unit, Unit}])))
-     || Unit <- [second,millisecond,microsecond,nanosecond]].
+    [
+        ?assert(
+            is_integer(
+                calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(
+                    binary_to_list(apply_func(now_rfc3339, [atom_to_binary(Unit, utf8)])),
+                    [{unit, Unit}]
+                )
+            )
+        )
+     || Unit <- [second, millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond]
+    ].
 
 t_now_timestamp(_) ->
     ?assert(is_integer(apply_func(now_timestamp, []))).
 
 t_now_timestamp_1(_) ->
-    [?assert(is_integer(
-            apply_func(now_timestamp, [atom_to_binary(Unit, utf8)])))
-     || Unit <- [second,millisecond,microsecond,nanosecond]].
+    [
+        ?assert(
+            is_integer(
+                apply_func(now_timestamp, [atom_to_binary(Unit, utf8)])
+            )
+        )
+     || Unit <- [second, millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond]
+    ].
 
 t_unix_ts_to_rfc3339(_) ->
-    [begin
-        BUnit = atom_to_binary(Unit, utf8),
-        Epoch = apply_func(now_timestamp, [BUnit]),
-        DateTime = apply_func(unix_ts_to_rfc3339, [Epoch, BUnit]),
-        ?assertEqual(Epoch,
-            calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(binary_to_list(DateTime), [{unit, Unit}]))
-     end || Unit <- [second,millisecond,microsecond,nanosecond]].
+    [
+        begin
+            BUnit = atom_to_binary(Unit, utf8),
+            Epoch = apply_func(now_timestamp, [BUnit]),
+            DateTime = apply_func(unix_ts_to_rfc3339, [Epoch, BUnit]),
+            ?assertEqual(
+                Epoch,
+                calendar:rfc3339_to_system_time(binary_to_list(DateTime), [{unit, Unit}])
+            )
+        end
+     || Unit <- [second, millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond]
+    ].
 
 t_rfc3339_to_unix_ts(_) ->
-    [begin
-        BUnit = atom_to_binary(Unit, utf8),
-        Epoch = apply_func(now_timestamp, [BUnit]),
-        DateTime = apply_func(unix_ts_to_rfc3339, [Epoch, BUnit]),
-        ?assertEqual(Epoch, emqx_rule_funcs:rfc3339_to_unix_ts(DateTime, BUnit))
-     end || Unit <- [second,millisecond,microsecond,nanosecond]].
+    [
+        begin
+            BUnit = atom_to_binary(Unit, utf8),
+            Epoch = apply_func(now_timestamp, [BUnit]),
+            DateTime = apply_func(unix_ts_to_rfc3339, [Epoch, BUnit]),
+            ?assertEqual(Epoch, emqx_rule_funcs:rfc3339_to_unix_ts(DateTime, BUnit))
+        end
+     || Unit <- [second, millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond]
+    ].
 
 t_format_date_funcs(_) ->
     ?PROPTEST(prop_format_date_fun).
 
 prop_format_date_fun() ->
     Args1 = [<<"second">>, <<"+07:00">>, <<"%m--%d--%y---%H:%M:%S%Z">>],
-    ?FORALL(S, erlang:system_time(second),
-            S == apply_func(date_to_unix_ts,
-                            Args1 ++ [apply_func(format_date,
-                                                Args1 ++ [S])])),
+    ?FORALL(
+        S,
+        erlang:system_time(second),
+        S ==
+            apply_func(
+                date_to_unix_ts,
+                Args1 ++
+                    [
+                        apply_func(
+                            format_date,
+                            Args1 ++ [S]
+                        )
+                    ]
+            )
+    ),
     Args2 = [<<"millisecond">>, <<"+04:00">>, <<"--%m--%d--%y---%H:%M:%S%Z">>],
-    ?FORALL(S, erlang:system_time(millisecond),
-            S == apply_func(date_to_unix_ts,
-                            Args2 ++ [apply_func(format_date,
-                                                 Args2 ++ [S])])),
+    ?FORALL(
+        S,
+        erlang:system_time(millisecond),
+        S ==
+            apply_func(
+                date_to_unix_ts,
+                Args2 ++
+                    [
+                        apply_func(
+                            format_date,
+                            Args2 ++ [S]
+                        )
+                    ]
+            )
+    ),
     Args = [<<"second">>, <<"+08:00">>, <<"%y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S%Z">>],
-    ?FORALL(S, erlang:system_time(second),
-            S == apply_func(date_to_unix_ts,
-                           Args ++ [apply_func(format_date,
-                                               Args ++ [S])])).
+    ?FORALL(
+        S,
+        erlang:system_time(second),
+        S ==
+            apply_func(
+                date_to_unix_ts,
+                Args ++
+                    [
+                        apply_func(
+                            format_date,
+                            Args ++ [S]
+                        )
+                    ]
+            )
+    ).
 
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Utility functions
@@ -699,8 +915,10 @@ apply_func(Name, Args, Msg) ->
     apply_func(Name, Args, emqx_message:to_map(Msg)).
 
 message() ->
-    emqx_message:set_flags(#{dup => false},
-        emqx_message:make(<<"clientid">>, 1, <<"topic/#">>, <<"payload">>)).
+    emqx_message:set_flags(
+        #{dup => false},
+        emqx_message:make(<<"clientid">>, 1, <<"topic/#">>, <<"payload">>)
+    ).
 
 % t_contains_topic(_) ->
 %     error('TODO').
@@ -831,13 +1049,15 @@ message() ->
 % t_json_decode(_) ->
 %     error('TODO').
 
-
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% CT functions
 %%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 all() ->
-    IsTestCase = fun("t_" ++ _) -> true; (_) -> false end,
+    IsTestCase = fun
+        ("t_" ++ _) -> true;
+        (_) -> false
+    end,
     [F || {F, _A} <- module_info(exports), IsTestCase(atom_to_list(F))].
 
 suite() ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_maps_SUITE.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_maps_SUITE.erl
index a25145acd..965173b08 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_maps_SUITE.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/emqx_rule_maps_SUITE.erl
@@ -22,20 +22,27 @@
 -compile(export_all).
 -compile(nowarn_export_all).
 
--import(emqx_rule_maps,
-        [ nested_get/2
-        , nested_get/3
-        , nested_put/3
-        , atom_key_map/1
-        ]).
+-import(
+    emqx_rule_maps,
+    [
+        nested_get/2,
+        nested_get/3,
+        nested_put/3,
+        atom_key_map/1
+    ]
+).
 
--define(path(Path), {path,
-    [case K of
-        {ic, Key} -> {index, {const, Key}};
-        {iv, Key} -> {index, {var, Key}};
-        {i, Path1} -> {index, Path1};
-        _ -> {key, K}
-     end || K <- Path]}).
+-define(path(Path),
+    {path, [
+        case K of
+            {ic, Key} -> {index, {const, Key}};
+            {iv, Key} -> {index, {var, Key}};
+            {i, Path1} -> {index, Path1};
+            _ -> {key, K}
+        end
+     || K <- Path
+    ]}
+).
 
 -define(PROPTEST(Prop), true = proper:quickcheck(Prop)).
 
@@ -44,8 +51,8 @@ t_nested_put_map(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(#{a => a}, nested_put(?path([a]), a, #{})),
     ?assertEqual(#{a => undefined}, nested_put(?path([a]), undefined, #{})),
     ?assertEqual(#{a => 1}, nested_put(?path([a]), 1, not_map)),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => #{b => b}}, nested_put(?path([a,b]), b, #{})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => #{b => #{c => c}}}, nested_put(?path([a,b,c]), c, #{})),
+    ?assertEqual(#{a => #{b => b}}, nested_put(?path([a, b]), b, #{})),
+    ?assertEqual(#{a => #{b => #{c => c}}}, nested_put(?path([a, b, c]), c, #{})),
     ?assertEqual(#{<<"k">> => v1}, nested_put(?path([k]), v1, #{<<"k">> => v0})),
     ?assertEqual(#{k => v1}, nested_put(?path([k]), v1, #{k => v0})),
     ?assertEqual(#{<<"k">> => v1, a => b}, nested_put(?path([k]), v1, #{<<"k">> => v0, a => b})),
@@ -53,122 +60,194 @@ t_nested_put_map(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(#{k => v1}, nested_put(?path([k]), v1, #{k => v0})),
     ?assertEqual(#{k => v1, a => b}, nested_put(?path([k]), v1, #{k => v0, a => b})),
     ?assertEqual(#{<<"k">> => v1, a => b}, nested_put(?path([k]), v1, #{<<"k">> => v0, a => b})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{<<"k">> => #{<<"t">> => v1}}, nested_put(?path([k,t]), v1, #{<<"k">> => #{<<"t">> => v0}})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{<<"k">> => #{t => v1}}, nested_put(?path([k,t]), v1, #{<<"k">> => #{t => v0}})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{k => #{<<"t">> => #{a => v1}}}, nested_put(?path([k,t,a]), v1, #{k => #{<<"t">> => v0}})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{k => #{<<"t">> => #{<<"a">> => v1}}}, nested_put(?path([k,t,<<"a">>]), v1, #{k => #{<<"t">> => v0}})).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{<<"k">> => #{<<"t">> => v1}},
+        nested_put(?path([k, t]), v1, #{<<"k">> => #{<<"t">> => v0}})
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(#{<<"k">> => #{t => v1}}, nested_put(?path([k, t]), v1, #{<<"k">> => #{t => v0}})),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{k => #{<<"t">> => #{a => v1}}}, nested_put(?path([k, t, a]), v1, #{k => #{<<"t">> => v0}})
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{k => #{<<"t">> => #{<<"a">> => v1}}},
+        nested_put(?path([k, t, <<"a">>]), v1, #{k => #{<<"t">> => v0}})
+    ).
 
 t_nested_put_index(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual([1,a,3], nested_put(?path([{ic,2}]), a, [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,2,3], nested_put(?path([{ic,0}]), a, [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,2,3], nested_put(?path([{ic,4}]), a, [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,[a],3], nested_put(?path([{ic,2}, {ic,1}]), a, [1,[2],3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,[[a]],3], nested_put(?path([{ic,2}, {ic,1}, {ic,1}]), a, [1,[[2]],3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,[[2]],3], nested_put(?path([{ic,2}, {ic,1}, {ic,2}]), a, [1,[[2]],3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,[a],1], nested_put(?path([{ic,2}, {i,?path([{ic,3}])}]), a, [1,[2],1])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, a, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, 2}]), a, [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, 2, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, 0}]), a, [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, 2, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, 4}]), a, [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, [a], 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, 2}, {ic, 1}]), a, [1, [2], 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, [[a]], 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, 2}, {ic, 1}, {ic, 1}]), a, [1, [[2]], 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, [[2]], 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, 2}, {ic, 1}, {ic, 2}]), a, [1, [[2]], 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, [a], 1], nested_put(?path([{ic, 2}, {i, ?path([{ic, 3}])}]), a, [1, [2], 1])),
     %% nested_put to the first or tail of a list:
-    ?assertEqual([a], nested_put(?path([{ic,head}]), a, not_list)),
-    ?assertEqual([a], nested_put(?path([{ic,head}]), a, [])),
-    ?assertEqual([a,1,2,3], nested_put(?path([{ic,head}]), a, [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual([a], nested_put(?path([{ic,tail}]), a, not_list)),
-    ?assertEqual([a], nested_put(?path([{ic,tail}]), a, [])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,2,3,a], nested_put(?path([{ic,tail}]), a, [1,2,3])).
+    ?assertEqual([a], nested_put(?path([{ic, head}]), a, not_list)),
+    ?assertEqual([a], nested_put(?path([{ic, head}]), a, [])),
+    ?assertEqual([a, 1, 2, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, head}]), a, [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([a], nested_put(?path([{ic, tail}]), a, not_list)),
+    ?assertEqual([a], nested_put(?path([{ic, tail}]), a, [])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, 2, 3, a], nested_put(?path([{ic, tail}]), a, [1, 2, 3])).
 
 t_nested_put_negative_index(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual([1,2,a], nested_put(?path([{ic,-1}]), a, [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,a,3], nested_put(?path([{ic,-2}]), a, [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual([a,2,3], nested_put(?path([{ic,-3}]), a, [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,2,3], nested_put(?path([{ic,-4}]), a, [1,2,3])).
+    ?assertEqual([1, 2, a], nested_put(?path([{ic, -1}]), a, [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, a, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, -2}]), a, [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([a, 2, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, -3}]), a, [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual([1, 2, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, -4}]), a, [1, 2, 3])).
 
 t_nested_put_mix_map_index(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => [a]}, nested_put(?path([a, {ic,2}]), a, #{})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => [#{b => 0}]}, nested_put(?path([a, {ic,2}, b]), 0, #{})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => [1,a,3]}, nested_put(?path([a, {ic,2}]), a, #{a => [1,2,3]})),
-    ?assertEqual([1,#{a => c},3], nested_put(?path([{ic,2}, a]), c, [1,#{a => b},3])),
-    ?assertEqual([1,#{a => [c]},3], nested_put(?path([{ic,2}, a, {ic, 1}]), c, [1,#{a => [b]},3])),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => [1,a,3], b => 2}, nested_put(?path([a, {iv,b}]), a, #{a => [1,2,3], b => 2})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => [1,2,3], b => 2}, nested_put(?path([a, {iv,c}]), a, #{a => [1,2,3], b => 2})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => [#{c => a},1,2,3]}, nested_put(?path([a, {ic,head}, c]), a, #{a => [1,2,3]})).
+    ?assertEqual(#{a => [a]}, nested_put(?path([a, {ic, 2}]), a, #{})),
+    ?assertEqual(#{a => [#{b => 0}]}, nested_put(?path([a, {ic, 2}, b]), 0, #{})),
+    ?assertEqual(#{a => [1, a, 3]}, nested_put(?path([a, {ic, 2}]), a, #{a => [1, 2, 3]})),
+    ?assertEqual([1, #{a => c}, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, 2}, a]), c, [1, #{a => b}, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [1, #{a => [c]}, 3], nested_put(?path([{ic, 2}, a, {ic, 1}]), c, [1, #{a => [b]}, 3])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{a => [1, a, 3], b => 2}, nested_put(?path([a, {iv, b}]), a, #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => 2})
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => 2}, nested_put(?path([a, {iv, c}]), a, #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => 2})
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{a => [#{c => a}, 1, 2, 3]}, nested_put(?path([a, {ic, head}, c]), a, #{a => [1, 2, 3]})
+    ).
 
 t_nested_get_map(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a]), not_map)),
     ?assertEqual(#{a => 1}, nested_get(?path([]), #{a => 1})),
     ?assertEqual(#{b => c}, nested_get(?path([a]), #{a => #{b => c}})),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a,b,c]), not_map)),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a,b,c]), #{})),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a,b,c]), #{a => #{}})),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a,b,c]), #{a => #{b => #{}}})),
-    ?assertEqual(v1, nested_get(?path([p,x]), #{p => #{x => v1}})),
-    ?assertEqual(v1, nested_get(?path([<<"p">>,<<"x">>]), #{p => #{x => v1}})),
-    ?assertEqual(c, nested_get(?path([a,b,c]), #{a => #{b => #{c => c}}})).
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, b, c]), not_map)),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, b, c]), #{})),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, b, c]), #{a => #{}})),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, b, c]), #{a => #{b => #{}}})),
+    ?assertEqual(v1, nested_get(?path([p, x]), #{p => #{x => v1}})),
+    ?assertEqual(v1, nested_get(?path([<<"p">>, <<"x">>]), #{p => #{x => v1}})),
+    ?assertEqual(c, nested_get(?path([a, b, c]), #{a => #{b => #{c => c}}})).
 
 t_nested_get_map_1(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a]), <<"{\"a\": 1}">>)),
     ?assertEqual(<<"{\"b\": 1}">>, nested_get(?path([a]), #{a => <<"{\"b\": 1}">>})),
-    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a,b]), #{a => <<"{\"b\": 1}">>})).
+    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a, b]), #{a => <<"{\"b\": 1}">>})).
 
 t_nested_get_index(_) ->
     %% single index get
-    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([{ic,1}]), [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual(2, nested_get(?path([{ic,2}]), [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual(3, nested_get(?path([{ic,3}]), [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic,0}]), [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([{ic,0}]), [1,2,3], "not_found")),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic,4}]), [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([{ic,4}]), [1,2,3], "not_found")),
+    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([{ic, 1}]), [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(2, nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}]), [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(3, nested_get(?path([{ic, 3}]), [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic, 0}]), [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([{ic, 0}]), [1, 2, 3], "not_found")),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic, 4}]), [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([{ic, 4}]), [1, 2, 3], "not_found")),
     %% multiple index get
-    ?assertEqual(c, nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, {ic,3}]), [1,[a,b,c],3])),
-    ?assertEqual("I", nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, {ic,3}, {ic,1}]), [1,[a,b,["I","II","III"]],3])),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, {ic,1}, {ic,1}]), [1,[a,b,["I","II","III"]],3])),
-    ?assertEqual(default, nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, {ic,1}, {ic,1}]), [1,[a,b,["I","II","III"]],3], default)).
+    ?assertEqual(c, nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, {ic, 3}]), [1, [a, b, c], 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        "I", nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, {ic, 3}, {ic, 1}]), [1, [a, b, ["I", "II", "III"]], 3])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        undefined,
+        nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, {ic, 1}, {ic, 1}]), [1, [a, b, ["I", "II", "III"]], 3])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        default,
+        nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, {ic, 1}, {ic, 1}]), [1, [a, b, ["I", "II", "III"]], 3], default)
+    ).
 
 t_nested_get_negative_index(_) ->
-    ?assertEqual(3, nested_get(?path([{ic,-1}]), [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual(2, nested_get(?path([{ic,-2}]), [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([{ic,-3}]), [1,2,3])),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic,-4}]), [1,2,3])).
+    ?assertEqual(3, nested_get(?path([{ic, -1}]), [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(2, nested_get(?path([{ic, -2}]), [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([{ic, -3}]), [1, 2, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic, -4}]), [1, 2, 3])).
 
 t_nested_get_mix_map_index(_) ->
     %% index const
-    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a, {ic,1}]), #{a => [1,2,3]})),
-    ?assertEqual(2, nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, a]), [1,#{a => 2},3])),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, {ic,0}]), #{a => [1,2,3]})),
-    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([a, {ic,0}]), #{a => [1,2,3]}, "not_found")),
-    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([b, {ic,1}]), #{a => [1,2,3]}, "not_found")),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic,4}, a]), [1,2,3,4])),
-    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([{ic,4}, a]), [1,2,3,4], "not_found")),
-    ?assertEqual(c, nested_get(?path([a, {ic,2}, {ic,3}]), #{a => [1,[a,b,c],3]})),
-    ?assertEqual("I", nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, c, {ic,1}]), [1,#{a => a, b => b, c => ["I","II","III"]},3])),
-    ?assertEqual("I", nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, c, d]), [1,#{a => a, b => b, c => #{d => "I"}},3])),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, c, e]), [1,#{a => a, b => b, c => #{d => "I"}},3])),
-    ?assertEqual(default, nested_get(?path([{ic,2}, c, e]), [1,#{a => a, b => b, c => #{d => "I"}},3], default)),
+    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a, {ic, 1}]), #{a => [1, 2, 3]})),
+    ?assertEqual(2, nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, a]), [1, #{a => 2}, 3])),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, {ic, 0}]), #{a => [1, 2, 3]})),
+    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([a, {ic, 0}]), #{a => [1, 2, 3]}, "not_found")),
+    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([b, {ic, 1}]), #{a => [1, 2, 3]}, "not_found")),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic, 4}, a]), [1, 2, 3, 4])),
+    ?assertEqual("not_found", nested_get(?path([{ic, 4}, a]), [1, 2, 3, 4], "not_found")),
+    ?assertEqual(c, nested_get(?path([a, {ic, 2}, {ic, 3}]), #{a => [1, [a, b, c], 3]})),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        "I",
+        nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, c, {ic, 1}]), [1, #{a => a, b => b, c => ["I", "II", "III"]}, 3])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        "I", nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, c, d]), [1, #{a => a, b => b, c => #{d => "I"}}, 3])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        undefined, nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, c, e]), [1, #{a => a, b => b, c => #{d => "I"}}, 3])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        default,
+        nested_get(?path([{ic, 2}, c, e]), [1, #{a => a, b => b, c => #{d => "I"}}, 3], default)
+    ),
     %% index var
-    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a, {iv,<<"b">>}]), #{a => [1,2,3], b => 1})),
-    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a, {iv,b}]), #{a => [1,2,3], b => 1})),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, {iv,c}]), #{a => [1,2,3], b => 1})),
-    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, {iv,b}]), #{a => [1,2,3], b => 4})),
-    ?assertEqual("I", nested_get(?path([{i,?path([{ic, 3}])}, c, d]),
-                [1,#{a => a, b => b, c => #{d => "I"}},2], default)),
-    ?assertEqual(3, nested_get(?path([a, {i,?path([b,{ic,1},c])}]),
-                #{a => [1,2,3], b => [#{c => 3}]})),
-    ?assertEqual(3, nested_get(?path([a, {i,?path([b,{ic,1},c])}]),
-                #{a => [1,2,3], b => [#{c => 3}]}, default)),
-    ?assertEqual(default, nested_get(?path([a, {i,?path([b,{ic,1},c])}]),
-                #{a => [1,2,3], b => [#{c => 4}]}, default)),
-    ?assertEqual(default, nested_get(?path([a, {i,?path([b,{ic,2},c])}]),
-                #{a => [1,2,3], b => [#{c => 3}]}, default)).
+    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a, {iv, <<"b">>}]), #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => 1})),
+    ?assertEqual(1, nested_get(?path([a, {iv, b}]), #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => 1})),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, {iv, c}]), #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => 1})),
+    ?assertEqual(undefined, nested_get(?path([a, {iv, b}]), #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => 4})),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        "I",
+        nested_get(
+            ?path([{i, ?path([{ic, 3}])}, c, d]),
+            [1, #{a => a, b => b, c => #{d => "I"}}, 2],
+            default
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        3,
+        nested_get(
+            ?path([a, {i, ?path([b, {ic, 1}, c])}]),
+            #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => [#{c => 3}]}
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        3,
+        nested_get(
+            ?path([a, {i, ?path([b, {ic, 1}, c])}]),
+            #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => [#{c => 3}]},
+            default
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        default,
+        nested_get(
+            ?path([a, {i, ?path([b, {ic, 1}, c])}]),
+            #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => [#{c => 4}]},
+            default
+        )
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        default,
+        nested_get(
+            ?path([a, {i, ?path([b, {ic, 2}, c])}]),
+            #{a => [1, 2, 3], b => [#{c => 3}]},
+            default
+        )
+    ).
 
 t_atom_key_map(_) ->
     ?assertEqual(#{a => 1}, atom_key_map(#{<<"a">> => 1})),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => 1, b => #{a => 2}},
-                 atom_key_map(#{<<"a">> => 1, <<"b">> => #{<<"a">> => 2}})),
-    ?assertEqual([#{a => 1}, #{b => #{a => 2}}],
-                 atom_key_map([#{<<"a">> => 1}, #{<<"b">> => #{<<"a">> => 2}}])),
-    ?assertEqual(#{a => 1, b => [#{a => 2}, #{c => 2}]},
-                 atom_key_map(#{<<"a">> => 1, <<"b">> => [#{<<"a">> => 2}, #{<<"c">> => 2}]})).
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{a => 1, b => #{a => 2}},
+        atom_key_map(#{<<"a">> => 1, <<"b">> => #{<<"a">> => 2}})
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        [#{a => 1}, #{b => #{a => 2}}],
+        atom_key_map([#{<<"a">> => 1}, #{<<"b">> => #{<<"a">> => 2}}])
+    ),
+    ?assertEqual(
+        #{a => 1, b => [#{a => 2}, #{c => 2}]},
+        atom_key_map(#{<<"a">> => 1, <<"b">> => [#{<<"a">> => 2}, #{<<"c">> => 2}]})
+    ).
 
 all() ->
-    IsTestCase = fun("t_" ++ _) -> true; (_) -> false end,
+    IsTestCase = fun
+        ("t_" ++ _) -> true;
+        (_) -> false
+    end,
     [F || {F, _A} <- module_info(exports), IsTestCase(atom_to_list(F))].
 
 suite() ->
diff --git a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/prop_rule_maps.erl b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/prop_rule_maps.erl
index 659a423e1..15eb4ab6d 100644
--- a/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/prop_rule_maps.erl
+++ b/apps/emqx_rule_engine/test/prop_rule_maps.erl
@@ -3,8 +3,14 @@
 -include_lib("proper/include/proper.hrl").
 
 prop_get_put_single_key() ->
-    ?FORALL({Key, Val}, {term(), term()},
-            begin
-                Val =:= emqx_rule_maps:nested_get({var, Key},
-                            emqx_rule_maps:nested_put({var, Key}, Val, #{}))
-            end).
+    ?FORALL(
+        {Key, Val},
+        {term(), term()},
+        begin
+            Val =:=
+                emqx_rule_maps:nested_get(
+                    {var, Key},
+                    emqx_rule_maps:nested_put({var, Key}, Val, #{})
+                )
+        end
+    ).